US2439972A

US2439972A - Hot-air heater with selective indirect draft

Info

Publication number: US2439972A
Application number: US559394A
Authority: US
Inventors: Fay B Gamblin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-10-19
Filing date: 1944-10-19
Publication date: 1948-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 1965-04-20

Description

April 20, 1948.

F. B. GAMBLIN Filed Oct. 19, 1944 HOT AIR HEATER WITH SELECTIVE INDIRECT DRAFT 4 SheetsSheet 1 DTIUBTTDT 1 B GaTnYfli'n April 20, 1948.

F. B. EGAMBLIN HOT AIR HEATER WITH SELECTIVE INDIRECT DRAFT Filed Oct. '19, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 20, 1948. F. B. GAMBLIN 2,439,972

HOT AIR HEATER WITH SELECTIVE INDIRECT DRAFT Filed Oct. 19, 1944 ISheets-Sheg 3 68 I 6? :w 50 40 o 0 o O 0 66 6 41 3: a0 1 v '2 1 g M n A 1 a9 184 f M I mmmm 2 76 75 Z8 4 50 +5 56 *2!) 26 5% 5 2111M 3.! ,u- -27 W 4' {/lr T" b8 60 b9 p il 1948' FQB. GAMBLIN 2,439,972

HOT AIR HEATER WITH SELECTIVE INDIRECT DRAFT I Filed Oct. 19, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet .4

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La v a M Patented Apr. 20, 1948 STATES PATENT OFFICE HOT-AIR HEATER Wrrn SELECTIVE INDIRECT DRAFT Fay. B. Gamblin, Smithers, B itish Golumbia,

Ganad Application-October 19, 1944', Serial-'No.'5'59,394f

10 Claims.

invention relates to improvements in heating systems of the kind comprising stoves. and

Aiurtherobject of the invention is to provide a heating-system that can be-readily controlled, and; one which has flexibility of heat regulation.

AStllr further object of the invention is to supply-- a heating system in which foul air is drawn off a room and replaced by fresh air heated to a desirable temperature.

Having described the major object of the invention; subsidiary objects and advantages will appear as the invention is fully described in the following specification of which the accompanyingdrawings form a part.

In the drawings;

Fig; 1 is a side elevation of the inventionas a stove.

Fig; 2 isalongitudinal, section thereof through the-casing of the radiator. Inthis view a hinged cowling'of a casing is shown raised to permit access to the firebox lid for fueling purposes.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the stove but: showing the cowling lowered, as in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4' is a section taken on line 4-4 of, Fig. 2.

Fig; 5 is a section on line 55 of Fig. 3..

Fig. 6. is a perspective detail of the ventilator by which foul. air is drawn off a room. from. the floor line.

Fig. '7 is a detail of. the combined damper and deflector which is connected in tandem to a slide plate inthe ventilator.

Fig. 8 is a detail of the clean-out door at. the. hacker the stove.

Fig. 9 is a cross section, of the cowling taken on. line 9-9. of Fig. 2 and depicting a device for securing it in a raised position.

Fig. 10 is a tractional bottom. plan. of the stove showing the feet upon. which it stands.

Fig. 11'' is. a sectional plan takenon line I I--Hv of. Fig. 3 illustrating. the grate construction in the firebox.

Fig. 12 is a cross section on line I l-i2 of Fig. 11 showing. the arrangement of; the shaker bars of the grate.

Fig. 13 is. a perspective detail of the shaker bars of. the, grate.

Fig; Hisa perspective detail of the-rocker bar of thegrate.

Fig. 1.5 is a fractional front. view of the stove depicting the casing broken. away to show the ashpit door to better advantage.

Fig. 16 is a fractional section on line Iii-4B.

of Fig. 1. showing the ashepitdoor' and, the outside door in. the. casing. that surrounds the fire bDX;

Fig, L7 is a front view or the lower portion of the stove depicting the outside door that renders. the ash-pit. door accessible.

Fig. 18 isa. general schematic view of the invention, as a furnace which. is shown located inabasement of, abufldinawith a duct for d awingin fresh air and a duct for drawing off foul air.

Fig. 19 is a plan view of the register in the fresh air nletpipe shown in. Fig. 1.8.

Fig. Ellis; a perspectivedetail ofthe; directional damper shown below the register in the fresh air pipeof- Fig. 18.

Like numerals of: reference-denote similarpar-ts in each figure of the drawings.

In describing my heating plant I shall at first refer toIFigs. 1. to 17. inclusive in whichthere-is shown; a heater of the: stove type. The heater comprises a firebox 21, the upper part of which forms a combustion. chamber defined in part by the top wall 22. The front wallof the firebox is preferably rounded as at 23* and merged into the parallel side walls 24: which extend to the rear wall: 2-5; The grate is; denoted as a whole by the character A.

The upright walls of the firebox are integral with or secured to a base or-bottom wall.- Z-BWhich extends outwardly and rearwardly thereof, as shown, and is supported upon legs 21. The

grate A is disposed above the bottomv Wall 26" to provide an ash pit 28. The legs, four in numher; are shown as U-shapedmembers having lugs 29 extending outwardly from the upper ends by which they are bolted to the bottom wall 25.-

The: legs are curvedin plan to conform to the curvature of they ends ofsaid bottom wallv as will best be seen from. an inspection of Fig. 10.

The front end of the top of the firebox is provided with a feed door 30 for fueling purposes, which, is in the form of a lid hinged at its rear to swing upwardly. I arrange the lid to slope forwardly in its closed position so that when raised itwill facilitate replenishing of fuel, especially comparatively longpieces of wood which can be easily: insert d lathe. slopin op nin ncovered by the lid. The lid is supplied with a forwardly projecting handle 3| which terminates in a grip portion fashioned of coiled wire as is common to the art.

An important feature of construction of the heater resides in the novel arrangement of a radiator for heating air by means of the products of combustion. The structure comprises a first vertical tube 32 at the rear of the firebox and communicating therewith at the top thereof by means of a duct 33, and a second vertical tube 34 communicating with said first tube by a bottom duct 35 and a top duct 36. These tubes are heat exchangers through which the gases may be diverted in their passage to the smoke pipe 31 which leads ed the top of the second tube 34. In the diverted travel of said gases they '4, a radial slot 55. A hole is provided in the tandem rod for selective engagement with any one of these pins that gives the desired throw and the engagement is maintained as by a leaf spring 56. According to this construction it will be manifest that by lengthening the radius of operation of the lower endofthe tandem rod a shorter throw will be communicated to the check damper 44 in closing the upper damper 4| with the result that the room temperature will be increased.

The check damper 44 controls a port 51 in .the bottom wall 26, which is encased by a venflow downwardly through the first tube and upwardly through the second tube as indicated by. the arrows in Fig. 3. The first tube is spaced from the firebox to provide an intervening passage 38 for circulation of air, and the second tube is spaced to similarly provide an'air passage 39. The ends of the tubes are closed off by prolongations of the

walls

22 and 25 of the firebox save for the connection of the smoke pipe, for which purpose the top wall extension is supplied with a flanged collar 40 riveted thereto to seat the lowermost length of stove piping.

The duct 36 is supplied with a butterfly damper 4| mounted on a horizontal axis which extends outwardly to one side of the heater and is fitted with a

lever having arms

42 and 43. The arm 42 terminates in a rip member suitable for hand operation of the lever. The arm 43 formsa part of a mechanical device for actuating the lever, which will be described later. The damper regulates the flow of gases through the duct 36 and in its fully open position the gases wholly travel directly to the smoke pipe. In the closed position of the damper the gases are diverted downwardly through the tube 32 to the duct 35 thence upwardly through the tube 34 to the smoke pipe. Accordingly the air surrounding the tubes is heated thereby.

At the lower end of the tube 34 I provide a combined damper and deflector 44 hingedly disposed at the outlet side of the duct 35 by means of a shaft 45 controlled by a lever terminating in a handgrip 41 for manual operation. The combined damper and deflector serves to divert gases upwardly from the duct 35 and also acts as a check and mixing plate as will later be explained.

Desirably its shaft 45 is journalled in arms 48 carried by a cover plate 49 of a clean-out opening 5|] in the tube 34. The arrangement is such that the combined damper and deflector is removable as a unit with the cover plate 49 so that the radiator tubes may more easily be cleaned of soot, etc.

The combined damper and deflector and the cover plate 49 are detailed in Fig. '7. The lever 46 is connected by a tandem rod 5| to the leverarm 42 aforesaid. The upper end of the tandem rod has a slot 52 in which a pin 53 on the arm 42 is free to slide so as to provide an attachment by which lost motion takes place in one direction of movement. By this tandem rod connection the combined damper and deflector 44 will be automatically raised to an open deflecting position-- as shown in Fig. 3-should it not previously have been set in such position. As will best be seen from an'inspectio-n of Fig. '7, the lower end of the tandem rod is attached to the lever 46 by a device that permits of'adjustment of the-throw. This consists of a lengthwise series of pins '54 withifi .tilator 58 in the form of a box, detailed in Fig. 6, which depends to the fioor of the room. One of the sides of the ventilator is apertured at the bottom to; furnish a port 59 for admission of foul. air drawn off the room. The air thus inducted mixes with the gases and is conducted through the tube 34 to the smoke pipe. The port 59 is controlled by a slide plate or shutter 35 vertically guided as by a pin and slot connection indicated at 6|. The slide plate is actuated by a tandem rod or link 62 which is pivcted thereto at one end and likewise connected at its other end to the damper 44. 'By this arrangement the slide plate is automatically controlled by the check damper 44, and it will be gathered that when this damper is thrown to a horizontal position in which it closes the port 57 the port 59 is closed concurrently by the slide plate. The ventilating device is an im ortant feature of the invention in that it functions to exhaust from a room the cold foul air at floor level when the port 53 is opened. The ventilator should be disposed immediately adjacent to the floor to secure best results and for this reason it is proposed that in the manufacture of-the heater the ventilator shall be madein difierent depths'so that one of the required depth may be used according to whether or not a floor mat is employed. To this end the ventilator is detachably connected to the wall 23 as by bolting its flange 63. thereto, which renders it interchangeable.

. The firebox 2| and the

heat exchanger tubes

32 and 34 at the rear thereof are encompassed by a casing 64 which is spaced therefrom to provide an air chamber 65 that also extends above the top wall 22. The casing is closed by a hood 63 substantially formed by a cowling El extending forwardly from a point near the rear where it is hinged as at 68 to swing upwardly so that it may be raised as shown in Fig. 2 to gain access to the lid 30. The cowling has a side flange 69 fitting around the wall of the casing, which is apertured at intervals as at 10. A handle 1| is carried at the front for raising the cowling. The hood is likewise apertured as at 72. The casing is attached to the bottom wall 26 in suitable manner and otherwise supported as circumstances of manufacture dictate. Apertures as at l3 are supplied in the sides of the casing immediately above the bottom wall 28 to constitute cold air inlets, the air admitted thereby being heated bythe firebox and the heat exchanger to the rear thereof and rising to the outlet apertures Ill and 12 for circulation about the room. This construction provides a maximum of hot air circulation and an optimum of heating efficiency.

The cowling will carry a suitable catch 14- best shown in Fig. 9-by which the lid 3|] may be held in an open position when the cowling is raised. This enables the person tending the avg-ra ars:

stove to: use both. handsfiin. order" to lay large pieces of wood on. the fire; in. orderly manner i n repl'enishingf the'fuel. The catch may; be: of a form to slide transversely baclc and: forth of the handle 3! to engage: and" disengage the. same. A cleant-out door '05: wili; provided. in the back ofth'e casing in register with the clean-out plate @91 aforesaid for access thereto: This door may beheld in place by spring catches it riveted. i'i'L place:best discernible: in. Fig; ii.

The cowling d'lr is-ifurriished with a. mechanical connection to: the damper. M so. that as it is raised it. will. open thisv damper; automatically to: draw up the fireor' to permit residual smoke; topass directly to! the. smoke? pipe: 31 at. the time of refueling; The mechanical connection consists of a link; H pivoted at T8 to' a. side. of the cowli'ng. and. provided: with a lengthwise slot T9 in which the lever arm- 43: is slidably' pinned; The slot is enablesthe lever. to operate inde-- pendently of the: raising of. the. cowlingr' in. the use of the handle arm 42-.

Now, referring back to; the grate A; this: is of: a novel construction comprising two sets of transverse shaker. bars-- as at 8.9:, haying; their inner ends inter-fitted: in: staggered formation and notched; inwardly of their bottom faces asat al Thenotches are-substantially V'-shapedand each isenlarged circularly at its vertex as at 82 to? receive a rounded: key member 83- of a rocker bar Bi l; The key member. loosely engages the said: notches and is integrated with the; rocker TQdLOI' bar by a web 85: Bar 84- is; turnably mounted in the firebox: and: projects forwardly through the casing 64 to receive a detachabl'e. shaker crank Mi. The. outer ends of saidshakcr bars 8E!- rest upon benches 6 and: are: free toslide endwise. Theshaker bars ofeach: set are rigidly united. in spaced relation by a tie rod 88* carrying distance pieces: 38- by which the shaker harsare spaced: Theshaker bars reciprocate when the rocker bar 84 is oscillated by the. crank,. the movement being. limited by the angle of the \li-shaped: notches iii: to: about a quarter.- turn; This shaker action is smooth and. operates to thoroughly sift out. ashes with.- out unduly disturbing the fire;

The ash pit in is, fitted with a: swing door 90' at the front of the: firebox' which. is curved in conformity to-the curvature thereof. This door has: draft induction slots controlled by a rotary shutter 9i centrally pivoted and supplied with knob by which it can be" manually turned. Saint rotary shutter; is constructed with taperingslots 92 for co-acting witlr the said induction: slots of the door. The: taper of the slots 92. enables a. fine adjustment. to be had in regulating the draftwhich isnecessary on account of" thevhighl'yefficient heating? apparatus ofthe invention; A door" 93: in the front of the casing: 64- renders the ash: pit door accessible and isprovided with a circular hand hole: 9% by which: access may be. hadto the rotary shutter without the: ncciessity of; opening the door. 3%; in regulating the draft-.

Now; adverting to. Fig. 13' it will be seen that I have herein shown an embodiment. of my invention: as a; hot air furnace, the construction.

within the casing of which is the same as that. above recounted, except. that the. ventilator is dis-- pensedwith and in its place: there is: provided: a; pipe 9.5 for foul air. pipe is sunk in the foundation; upon which the furnace rests and has; an; elbowconnection 93- with. the base of thefunnace in register with the: port 51. which is con;-

trolled by the: combined: damper and. deflector 44: aforesaid. This: pipe: slopes upwardly and outwardly' from. the furnace. to the floor and. at. floor level is" provided. with a register 91 for admitting. foul air draw/n; off the. room and: mixed. with; the products; of combustion for conduction to: the smoke pipe.

A: furthen variation: of the furnace; structure is thatthe: casing; indicated at 913;. does not: have at cowling: over the firebozclidg. denotedtats'fi. Thelid-98 exposed: and connected: by a slotted link Hill to: the: arm 43 for operating; the damper: 41? in the: manner described in. connection with the link 11 aforesaid. The casing is; supplied with hot. air piping: l0] for delivery: of heated air to roomsaboive the basementiin' which theefumace is installed; the fi'oor. above thezhasement beingindiieaten at Hi2 and. one of the outside walls of the building; being shown at I113;

As a further feature of the furnacev structure; the casing: thereof; is provided with. a. pipe Hi4: communicating: with; the radiator chamber: m5- near the: base" and; extending upwardlyto the. ceiling and outwardly'through' the wall I 03 where. it terminates. in a. downturnedt elbow Hi6. suitably" screened as at i011 Pipe I'M serves for the. induction of. fresh air intothe heating. compartment or the: furnace: and the ingress is' controlled by a: direction: damper: 181; Above this damper thepipe issupplied' with a register H19 which is: disposediwithirr. the building and. raised: above: the floor [021. This-register may have aagrating formed of slats: united by tie rods and: removabl y sup' ported;

The. directional: damper I08. 1 plate hinged: at Hi] to: swing. transverselybeneath the: register "id in; a manner to open and; close the same and also; to open: and close the fresh air inlet. The directional damper is actuated by a; reach screw; Islzl. having". a belt and; socket. joint H2. by which. it. is supported: for swivel. movement; The. outer'emi hasa crank. orothersdeviceby which it can; be turnem. The inner end has:screw-tr iread'ed engagement. with a: gimbal: ring Hm mounted in: the free: endaor the directiond'amper by means of: trimnionsibywhichi therequisite compound movement; is secured in conjunction with the joint I. l: lr--see particularly Figs. 19 and. 20.

the manuaiactureof my heating plant.- it' is a proposed: that the furnace casing shall be interchangeable: with. that" of the stove; The casing may be bolted to the unitbase or frame by angle clips asillustratedi at fil i in: Fig. 18.

From. the preceding: description it will be manitest. that I have set forth a highly eflicient and economics/l1 heating apparatus of the hot air type and. one: which is adapted for various uses and canbemodified: according to the purpose for which. it isintended.

It will. be understood that such changes and variations in construction of" the structure" asset out in this specification may be resorted to as come within the subjoined claims.

WhatI claim is:

In a heating apparatus of the kind, describedi a firebox; a series" of vertical tubes at a side thereof, said tubes closed attheirends and spaced to provide intervening passages for cirulati'on of heated" air; a smoke pipe communicatingwith the upper part or the end tube ofthe series; upper and lowerhorizontal ducts forming communications between the firebox and the" tubeswhereby'products of combustion may either pass directlyto the smoke pipe or downwardly through one-tubeand upwardiy through the next,

a horizontal damper in one 'of the upper ducts between adjacent tubes, a combined damper and deflector plate disposed in the bottom part of the end tube of the series for controlling a port provided in the bottom thereof, the combined damper and deflector plate being hingedly mounted at an edge of said port adjacent to the lower duct of the said end tube for directing the products of combustion upwardly of said port when opened, means for conducting foul air to said port, and a case encompassing said series of vertical tubes and forming a wall part of said passages for circulation of heated air, said case having inlet and outlet openings.

2. In a heating apparatus of the kind described a firebox, a radiator for utilizing the products of combustion therefrom, said radiator comprising a first vertical tube and a second vertical tube at the rear of the firebox having a port in its hottorn, the tubes being closed at their ends, a first duct forming a communication between the up- .per part of the firebox and the upper end of the first vertical tube. a second duct forming a communication between the upper ends of said tubes, a third duct forming a communication between the lower ends of said tubes, a damper horizontally disposed in said second duct, a deflector horizontally arranged within the bottom portion of said second tube and disposed over said port for controlling the same and having an edge hinged adjacent to said third duct whereby it is upwardly swingable to open the port and at the same time to divert products of combustion from the third duct over and upwardly of the port, means for controlling said dampers, a smoke pipe leading oif the upper end of said second tube, and a casing enclosing said tubes and providing a chamber for heated air having inlet and outlet openings.

3, In a heating apparatus of the kind described, a firebox, a series of vertical tubes at a side thereof, said tubes closed at their ends and spaced to provide intervening passages for circulation of heated air, a smoke pipe communicating with the upper part of the end tube of the series, upper and lower horizontal ducts forming communications between the firebox and the tubes whereby products of combustion may either pass directly to the smoke pipe or downwardly through one tube and upwardly through the next, a horizontal damper in one of the upper ducts between adjacent tubes, a combined damper and deflector plate disposed in the bottom part of the end tube of the series for controlling a port provided in the bottom thereof, the combined damper and deflector plate being hingedly mounted at an edge of said port adjacent to the lower duct of the said end tube for directing the products of combustion upwardly of said" port when opened, a ventilator housing below said end tube of the series adapted to surround the said port and having an opening for drawing off foul air from a room.

4. A structure as set forth in claim 1, in which means are provided on said case to support the series of tubes in elevated position with respect to the supporting surface of the room in which the heating apparatus is installed, and in which a ventilator duct encloses the port in the end tube of the series and depends to said supporting surface and has an opening at its bottom for admittance of air.

5. A structure as set forth in claim 1, in which means are provided on said case to support the series of tubes in elevated position with respect to the supporting surface of the room in which the heating apparatus is installed, and in which said means for conducting foul air to said port includes a sloping pipe extending to a register in said supporting surface.

6. A structure as defined in claim 2, in which a ventilator duct depends from the second vertical tube and encases the inlet side of the port therein and has an opening in a wall portion, and in which a slide plate controls said opening and is actuated by the deflector.

'7. A structure as defined in claim 2, in which an apertured ventilator duct depends from the second vertical tube to enclose the inlet side of the port therein, and in which the aperture of the ventilator is controlled by a slide plate connected by a tandem rod to the deflector.

8. In a heating apparatus of the kind described, a firebox, a series of vertical tubes at a side thereof, said tubes closed at their ends and spaced to provide intervening passages for circulation of heated air, a smokepipe communicating with the upper part of the end tube of the series,

upper and lower horizontal ducts forming communications between the firebox and the tubes whereby products of combustion may either pass directly to the smoke pipe or downwardly through one tube and upwardly through the next, a horizontal damper in one of the uper ducts between adjacent tubes, 2. combined damper and deflector plate disposed in the bottom part of the end tube of the series for controlling a port provided in the bottom thereof, the combined damper and deflector plate being hingedly mounted at an edge of said port adjacent to the lower duct of the said end tube for directing the products of combustion upwardly of said port when opened, a mechanical connection between said damper and the said combined damper and deflector plate whereby in the opening movement of the combined damper and deflector plate the said damper is moved toward a closed position, and lost motion means whereby either is operable independently of the other, means for conducting foul air to said port, and a case encompassing said series of vertical tubes and forming a wall part of said passages for circulation of heated air, said case having inlet and outlet openings.

9. In a heating apparatus of the kind described, a firebox, a series of vertical tubes at a. side thereof, said tubes closed at their ends and spaced to provide intervening passages for circulation of heated air, a smoke pipe communicating with the upper part of the end tube of the series, upper and lower horizontal ducts lforming communications between the firebox and the tubes whereby products of combustion may pass either directly to the smoke pipe or downwardly through one tube and upwardly through the next, a horizontal damper in one of the upper ducts between adjacent tubes, a combined damper and deflector plate disposed in the bottom part of the end tube of the series for controlling a port provided in the bottom thereof, the combined damper and deflector plate being hingedly mounted at an edge of said port adjacent to the lower duct of the said end tube for directing the products of combustion upwardly of said port when opened, a device connecting said damper to said combined damper and deflector plate for translating a movement of one to the other and including a lever and rod connection having a lost motion means so that one may be actuated independently of the other, and a case encompassing said series of vertical tubes and forming a wall part of said 9 passages for convection circulation of heated air, said case having inlet and outlet openings.

10. A heating apparatus as defined in claim 8, in which said mechanical connection comprises hand levers respectively carried by said damper and said combined damper and deflector plate, and a rod. connected to said levers, the connection of said rod. to one of the levers including a longitudinal series of pins for selective engagement with a hole in said rod and spring means for retaining said engagement, the arrangement being operable to vary the throw of one damper relative to the other; and in which said lost motion means comprises a pin and slot connection between said rod and the other of the levers such that this lever may be shifted in one direction independently of the other lever.

FAY B. GAMBLIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in'the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 305,940 Lewis Sept. 30, 1884 356,980 Boynton Feb. 1, 1887 580,691 Hedges Aug. 13, 1897 611,359 Dickson Sept. 27, 1898 881,960 Rolin Mar. 17, 1908 1,549,893 Sanford Aug. 18, 1925 1,658,971 Cook Feb. 14, 1923 2,174,347 Card Sept. 26, 1939 2,296,545 Tichbourne Sept. 22, 1942 2,348,569 Peters May 9, 1944 Seeley May 16, 1944