US2438345A - Crystal oven - Google Patents

Crystal oven Download PDF

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US2438345A
US2438345A US714275A US71427546A US2438345A US 2438345 A US2438345 A US 2438345A US 714275 A US714275 A US 714275A US 71427546 A US71427546 A US 71427546A US 2438345 A US2438345 A US 2438345A
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crystal
housing
heater
thermostat
cavity
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August E Miller
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
    • H03H9/02—Details
    • H03H9/05—Holders; Supports
    • H03H9/08—Holders with means for regulating temperature

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  • the invention relates to a piezo crystal oven and holder. It is desirable if not essential that the crystal used in oscillating circuits be stabilized with respect to its oscillating frequency.
  • One of the factors which affect the frequency of oscillation of a crystal is the temperature at which it operates. For this reason it is customary to provide means for maintaining the crystal at a predetermined operating temperature so that there will be no variation in frequency response because of temperature changes.
  • Crystal controlled oscillator circuits constitute a part of the radio and radar equipment on aircraft which are subject to wide variations in temperature. It is also important that crystal ovens for aircraft service occupy a minimum of space. This requires an efficient utilization of the space required for the crystal oven.
  • Another object is to construct a crystal oven and holder in which a fast heater with a control thermostat is utilized to quickly raise the temperature of the oven to approximately the desired operating temperature, and a slow and more accurate heater and control thermostat for accurately maintaining the operating temperature of the crystal within the oven.
  • Another object is t construct a crystal oven and holder which can be easily assembled and disassembled for repair or replacement of parts.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through the oven.
  • Figure 2 is a top view 0f the crystal holder.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-section through the holder taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the electrical connections of the heaters and their thermostats and of the crystals.
  • the crystal oven includes a casing which may be constructed in any suitable fashion, that illustrated being made up of several parts, including a side wall lll, a top cover i i, and a base I2, which parts may be of heat insulating material such as Bakelitel The case may be further heat insulated by a metal lm 3 uponthe sides and top which may be secured thereto and pads i4 such as of glass wool.
  • the base carries a connecting base l5 having a series of contact prongs IS which are electrically connected with the various elements of the oven.
  • crystal holder I9 shown in cylindrical form with flat top and bottom faces, having at least one and preferably two crystal cavities 2U.
  • the pair of crystal cavities are spaced upon each side of the center of the holder and spaced from each other.
  • These crystal caviF ties preferably extend completely through the crystal holder between the flat faces thereof.
  • crystal holder is of metal, and preferably a light weight metal such as aluminum, because of the good heat conducting properties of metal which readily transmits heat therefrom to the crystal structure.
  • a slow heater thermostat cavity 2l extends diagonally from the bottom edge of the holder to the opposite top edge between the crystal cavities.
  • a fast heater thermostat cavity 22 also ei:- tends into the crystal holder from one edge thereof and between the crystal cavities and intersects the slow heater thermostat cavity 2l.
  • the fast heater thermostat cavity is adjacent to the top face of the holder.
  • a slow heater thermostat is mounted in the diagonal cavity and a fast heater thermostat 24 is mounted in its cavity iii.
  • a pair of spaced holes 21 extend between the faces of the crystal holder I9 and in the top face of the holder is a groove 28 extending at least between the holes. The holes are adjacent the end of the crystal cavities.
  • An electrically insulating glass fabric 30 extends around the crystal holder and a slow heater 3l is wound around the holder and fabric. This heater winding prefer ably is non-inductive with parallel wires and the screws 32 are the terminals therefor.
  • a screw 33 holds the looped end of the slow heater.
  • Adjustment of the position of the insulators 31 upc-n the looped end of the slow heater adjusts the posiw tion of the crossed or shorted ends and thereby enables the length and hence the resistance of this heater to be accurately adjusted. It is connected in series with the slow heater thermostat 23 and the U-shaped heater is'connected in series with the fast heater thermostat 24.
  • the two heaters and particularly the fast heater brings the temperature of the holder and crystal assembly rapidly to the desired operating temperature of about degrees whereupon the slow heater accurately maintains the parts at this temperature with the aid of the metallic crystal holder which serves as a heat reservoir or stabilizer.
  • Suitable wires W connect the heaters in series with their respective thermostats and with the contact pins or prongs I6.
  • a crystal assembly 34 is mounted in each crystal cavity 20, which assembly may be of any suitable kind.
  • Such assemblies generally include a crystal, an electrode mounted upon each side thereof, and a case retains the electrodes and crystal in assembled relation.
  • the crystal holder has a top plate 35 secured to the top flat face of the holder in order to enclose the cavities therein.
  • a bottom plate 36 is secured to the bottom iiat surface of the holder to enclose this end thereof. Suitable holes are provided through the bottom plate for connecting wires to the electrodes of the crystal assemblies and to make connection with the fast heater.
  • Aheat insulating baffle plate 39 is secured to the bottom plate 36 such as .by screws 33 and is spaced therefrom by spacing washers 4Q. rihe baffle plate also is provided with holes for the passage of wires to the crystal electrodesvand to the heaters or their thermostats.
  • the baille plate is in turn secured to the base l2 such as by screws #213 so that the entire crystal holder assembly is secured thereto.
  • the baille plate is spaced from the base I2 by spacing washers 4I.
  • Suitable wires W extend from the prongs it to the crystal electrodes and to the thermostats and heaters as well as between the heaters and thermostatsso that the entire crystal oven may be plugged into a, socketV and thereby establish electrical connection between the various parts thereof and the circuit of which it will form a part.
  • the crystal oven provides a compact arrange-n ment of the parts thereof as well as a pair. of heaters for rapidly raising the temperature to the desired operating temperature and then accurately maintaining the same f
  • This invention is presented to iill a need for 'improvements in crystal oven. It is understood that various modifications in structure, as well as changes in mode of operation, assembly, and manner of use, may and often do occur to those skilled in the art, especially after benefiting from the teachings of an invention. Hence, it willl be understood that this disclosureis illustrative of performed means oi embodying the invention in useful form by explainingV the construction, operation Vand advantages thereof.
  • a piezo electric crystal holder comprising a metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly, at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including; the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, spaced holes through the housing, a fast electric heater lextending into the spaced holes, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater.
  • a piezo electric crystal holder comprising a metallic housing of such ⁇ dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly, at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezovcrystal, crystal electrodes and case, a
  • slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connectedwith each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater.
  • a piezo electric crystal holder comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater coil wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with the crystal cavities and adjacent thereto, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing between the crystal cavities, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater.
  • a piezo electric crystal holder comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference of the metallic housing to the first thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face ofthe metallic housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto.
  • a piezo electric crystal oven comprising a metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly; at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, spaced holes through the housing, a fast electric heater extending into the spaced holes, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baliie plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
  • a piezo electric crystal oven comprising a metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimension as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly; at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a, U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baille plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
  • a piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing; each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with the crystal cavities and adjacent thereto, a groove in one face of the housing eX- tending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing between the crystal cavities, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating battle plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the
  • a piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimension as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing; each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes,
  • a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference'of the metallic housing to the rst thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face of the metallic housing, a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baille plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
  • a piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference of the metallic housing to the rst thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face of the metallic housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected in series with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing,

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Description

March 23, 1948. A. E. MILLER 2,438,345
CRYS TAL OVEN Filed Dec. 5, 1946 JNVENTOR. \54 aNnL LIGHT AU6U57.' MILLER @gba/Mh 5 A H TTORNE YS Patented Mar. 23, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CRYSTAL OVEN August E. Miller, Cliffside Park, N. J. Application December 5, 1946, Serial No. 714,275
9 Claims. 1
The invention relates to a piezo crystal oven and holder. It is desirable if not essential that the crystal used in oscillating circuits be stabilized with respect to its oscillating frequency. One of the factors which affect the frequency of oscillation of a crystal is the temperature at which it operates. For this reason it is customary to provide means for maintaining the crystal at a predetermined operating temperature so that there will be no variation in frequency response because of temperature changes.
Crystal controlled oscillator circuits constitute a part of the radio and radar equipment on aircraft which are subject to wide variations in temperature. It is also important that crystal ovens for aircraft service occupy a minimum of space. This requires an efficient utilization of the space required for the crystal oven.
It is an object of the invention to construct a crystal oven which electively maintains the temperature of the crystal at the desired operating temperature and a crystal holder which utilizes space efficiently so that the oven has minimum dimensions.
Another object is to construct a crystal oven and holder in which a fast heater with a control thermostat is utilized to quickly raise the temperature of the oven to approximately the desired operating temperature, and a slow and more accurate heater and control thermostat for accurately maintaining the operating temperature of the crystal within the oven.
Another object is t construct a crystal oven and holder which can be easily assembled and disassembled for repair or replacement of parts.
Other objects of the invention will be more apparent from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which illustrates a preferred embodiment thereof, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through the oven.
Figure 2 is a top view 0f the crystal holder.
Figure 3 is a cross-section through the holder taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the electrical connections of the heaters and their thermostats and of the crystals.
The crystal oven includes a casing which may be constructed in any suitable fashion, that illustrated being made up of several parts, including a side wall lll, a top cover i i, and a base I2, which parts may be of heat insulating material such as Bakelitel The case may be further heat insulated by a metal lm 3 uponthe sides and top which may be secured thereto and pads i4 such as of glass wool. The base carries a connecting base l5 having a series of contact prongs IS which are electrically connected with the various elements of the oven.
Within the case is a crystal holder I9, shown in cylindrical form with flat top and bottom faces, having at least one and preferably two crystal cavities 2U. The pair of crystal cavities are spaced upon each side of the center of the holder and spaced from each other. These crystal caviF ties preferably extend completely through the crystal holder between the flat faces thereof. rEhe crystal holder is of metal, and preferably a light weight metal such as aluminum, because of the good heat conducting properties of metal which readily transmits heat therefrom to the crystal structure.
A slow heater thermostat cavity 2l extends diagonally from the bottom edge of the holder to the opposite top edge between the crystal cavities. A fast heater thermostat cavity 22 also ei:- tends into the crystal holder from one edge thereof and between the crystal cavities and intersects the slow heater thermostat cavity 2l. The fast heater thermostat cavity is adjacent to the top face of the holder. A slow heater thermostat is mounted in the diagonal cavity and a fast heater thermostat 24 is mounted in its cavity iii.
A pair of spaced holes 21 extend between the faces of the crystal holder I9 and in the top face of the holder is a groove 28 extending at least between the holes. The holes are adjacent the end of the crystal cavities. A fast heater 29, which is preferably U-shaped in form, has its legs extending through the holes and its connecting portion lies within the groove 28. An electrically insulating glass fabric 30 extends around the crystal holder and a slow heater 3l is wound around the holder and fabric. This heater winding prefer ably is non-inductive with parallel wires and the screws 32 are the terminals therefor. A screw 33 holds the looped end of the slow heater. Adjustment of the position of the insulators 31 upc-n the looped end of the slow heater adjusts the posiw tion of the crossed or shorted ends and thereby enables the length and hence the resistance of this heater to be accurately adjusted. It is connected in series with the slow heater thermostat 23 and the U-shaped heater is'connected in series with the fast heater thermostat 24. The two heaters and particularly the fast heater brings the temperature of the holder and crystal assembly rapidly to the desired operating temperature of about degrees whereupon the slow heater accurately maintains the parts at this temperature with the aid of the metallic crystal holder which serves as a heat reservoir or stabilizer. Suitable wires W connect the heaters in series with their respective thermostats and with the contact pins or prongs I6.
A crystal assembly 34 is mounted in each crystal cavity 20, which assembly may be of any suitable kind. Such assemblies generally include a crystal, an electrode mounted upon each side thereof, and a case retains the electrodes and crystal in assembled relation. The crystal holder has a top plate 35 secured to the top flat face of the holder in order to enclose the cavities therein. A bottom plate 36 is secured to the bottom iiat surface of the holder to enclose this end thereof. Suitable holes are provided through the bottom plate for connecting wires to the electrodes of the crystal assemblies and to make connection with the fast heater.
Aheat insulating baffle plate 39 is secured to the bottom plate 36 such as .by screws 33 and is spaced therefrom by spacing washers 4Q. rihe baffle plate also is provided with holes for the passage of wires to the crystal electrodesvand to the heaters or their thermostats. The baille plate is in turn secured to the base l2 such as by screws #213 so that the entire crystal holder assembly is secured thereto. The baille plate is spaced from the base I2 by spacing washers 4I.
Suitable wires W extend from the prongs it to the crystal electrodes and to the thermostats and heaters as well as between the heaters and thermostatsso that the entire crystal oven may be plugged into a, socketV and thereby establish electrical connection between the various parts thereof and the circuit of which it will form a part.
The crystal oven provides a compact arrange-n ment of the parts thereof as well as a pair. of heaters for rapidly raising the temperature to the desired operating temperature and then accurately maintaining the same f This invention is presented to iill a need for 'improvements in crystal oven. It is understood that various modifications in structure, as well as changes in mode of operation, assembly, and manner of use, may and often do occur to those skilled in the art, especially after benefiting from the teachings of an invention. Hence, it willl be understood that this disclosureis illustrative of performed means oi embodying the invention in useful form by explainingV the construction, operation Vand advantages thereof.
What is claimed is:
l. A piezo electric crystal holder comprising a metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly, at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including; the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, spaced holes through the housing, a fast electric heater lextending into the spaced holes, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater. f
2-. A piezo electric crystal holder comprising a metallic housing of such` dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly, at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezovcrystal, crystal electrodes and case, a
slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connectedwith each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater.
3. A piezo electric crystal holder comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater coil wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with the crystal cavities and adjacent thereto, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing between the crystal cavities, and a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater.
e. A piezo electric crystal holder comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference of the metallic housing to the first thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face ofthe metallic housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto.
5. A piezo electric crystal oven comprising a metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly; at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, spaced holes through the housing, a fast electric heater extending into the spaced holes, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baliie plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
6. A piezo electric crystal oven comprising a metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimension as to enclose heater and control elements and at least one piezo crystal assembly; at least one crystal cavity therein to receive a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a, U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baille plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
7. A piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimensions as to enclose heater and control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing; each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater coil wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with the crystal cavities and adjacent thereto, a groove in one face of the housing eX- tending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a pair of thermostat cavities in the housing between the crystal cavities, a thermostat in each cavity, one thermostat being connected with each heater to control the current supplied to its respective heater, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baiile plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
8. A piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing having flat top and bottom faces and of such dimension as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing; each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case; a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes,
a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference'of the metallic housing to the rst thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face of the metallic housing, a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baille plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal electrodes.
9. A piezo electric crystal oven comprising a cylindrical metallic housing of such dimensions as to enclose heater control elements and a pair of piezo crystal assemblies, a pair of crystal cavities therein spaced from the center of the housing, each cavity receiving a crystal assembly including the piezo crystal, crystal electrodes and case, a slow electric heater wound around the cylindrical surface of the metallic housing, a pair of spaced holes through the housing and parallel with and adjacent to the crystal cavities, a groove in one face of the housing extending between the holes, a U-shaped fast electric heater having its arms extending into the spaced holes and the connecting portion received within the groove, a thermostat cavity in the housing extending from one edge of the metallic housing diagonally to the other edge and between the crystal cavities, a second thermostat cavity extending from the circumference of the metallic housing to the rst thermostat cavity and located adjacent to a face of the metallic housing, and a thermostat in each cavity, each thermostat being connected in series with its respective heater to control the current supplied thereto, a top and bottom metallic cover secured to each face of the housing, an insulating baille plate spaced from the bottom cover, an insulated case surrounding the housing including a base having electrical connecting prongs, and wires connecting the prongs with the heaters and the crystal assemblies.
AUGUST E. MlLLER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,044,269 Shaler Nov. 12, 1912 1,831,151 Walker Nov, 10, 1931 1,955,359 Crossley Apr. 17, 1934 1,995,355 Koerner Mar. 26, 1935 1,996,569 Byrnes et al. Apr. 2, 1935 2,102,783 Bokovoy Dec. 21, 1937 2,276,930 Clark Mar. 17, 1942
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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597797A (en) * 1949-04-19 1952-05-20 James Knights Company Crystal holder
US2607818A (en) * 1949-02-17 1952-08-19 Motorola Inc Thermostatically controlled crystal unit
US2651731A (en) * 1951-02-02 1953-09-08 James Knights Company Temperature control unit for piezoelectric crystal
US2688683A (en) * 1950-11-04 1954-09-07 Landis & Gyr Ag Regulator for electrically heated hot plates
US2691111A (en) * 1949-08-05 1954-10-05 Selectronics Inc Readily accessible temperature controlled piezoelectric device test oven
US2747069A (en) * 1953-10-09 1956-05-22 August E Miller Piezoelectric crystal oven
US2791706A (en) * 1954-12-06 1957-05-07 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for electrical components
US2844742A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-07-22 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for electrical components
US2915612A (en) * 1956-07-10 1959-12-01 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for dual electrical components
US2920175A (en) * 1954-12-20 1960-01-05 Lavoie Lab Inc Constant temperature chamber, in particular a crystal oven
US2938099A (en) * 1957-07-05 1960-05-24 Bulova Watch Co Inc Crystal ovens
US2955185A (en) * 1957-12-16 1960-10-04 Duncan B Cox Constant temperature apparatus
US2969471A (en) * 1959-10-30 1961-01-24 Wilhelm A Schneider Crystal temperature control device
US2973420A (en) * 1959-01-02 1961-02-28 Collins Radio Co Oven
US3002117A (en) * 1959-07-16 1961-09-26 Gunther A Vogt Crystal ovens
US3033968A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-05-08 Julie Res Lab Inc Precision temperature-regulated oven system and method of control
US3054881A (en) * 1957-05-07 1962-09-18 Robertshaw Fulton Controls Co Heating control device
US3086385A (en) * 1958-10-15 1963-04-23 Saint Gobain Furnace adapted for use in dilatometry

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US1044269A (en) * 1910-02-28 1912-11-12 Clarence A Shaler Electrical heating unit.
US1831151A (en) * 1929-04-18 1931-11-10 Guy P Walker Temperature control system for frequency determining elements
US1955359A (en) * 1926-03-09 1934-04-17 Wired Radio Inc Piezo electric crystal apparatus
US1995355A (en) * 1933-04-28 1935-03-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermostat compensator
US1996569A (en) * 1929-11-16 1935-04-02 Gen Electric Piezo-electric device
US2102783A (en) * 1936-01-31 1937-12-21 Rca Corp Constant temperature apparatus
US2276930A (en) * 1940-09-19 1942-03-17 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Oven heating system

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US1044269A (en) * 1910-02-28 1912-11-12 Clarence A Shaler Electrical heating unit.
US1955359A (en) * 1926-03-09 1934-04-17 Wired Radio Inc Piezo electric crystal apparatus
US1831151A (en) * 1929-04-18 1931-11-10 Guy P Walker Temperature control system for frequency determining elements
US1996569A (en) * 1929-11-16 1935-04-02 Gen Electric Piezo-electric device
US1995355A (en) * 1933-04-28 1935-03-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermostat compensator
US2102783A (en) * 1936-01-31 1937-12-21 Rca Corp Constant temperature apparatus
US2276930A (en) * 1940-09-19 1942-03-17 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Oven heating system

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2607818A (en) * 1949-02-17 1952-08-19 Motorola Inc Thermostatically controlled crystal unit
US2597797A (en) * 1949-04-19 1952-05-20 James Knights Company Crystal holder
US2691111A (en) * 1949-08-05 1954-10-05 Selectronics Inc Readily accessible temperature controlled piezoelectric device test oven
US2688683A (en) * 1950-11-04 1954-09-07 Landis & Gyr Ag Regulator for electrically heated hot plates
US2651731A (en) * 1951-02-02 1953-09-08 James Knights Company Temperature control unit for piezoelectric crystal
US2747069A (en) * 1953-10-09 1956-05-22 August E Miller Piezoelectric crystal oven
US2844742A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-07-22 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for electrical components
US2791706A (en) * 1954-12-06 1957-05-07 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for electrical components
US2920175A (en) * 1954-12-20 1960-01-05 Lavoie Lab Inc Constant temperature chamber, in particular a crystal oven
US2915612A (en) * 1956-07-10 1959-12-01 Premier Res Lab Inc Temperature-controlled enclosure for dual electrical components
US3054881A (en) * 1957-05-07 1962-09-18 Robertshaw Fulton Controls Co Heating control device
US2938099A (en) * 1957-07-05 1960-05-24 Bulova Watch Co Inc Crystal ovens
US2955185A (en) * 1957-12-16 1960-10-04 Duncan B Cox Constant temperature apparatus
US3086385A (en) * 1958-10-15 1963-04-23 Saint Gobain Furnace adapted for use in dilatometry
US3033968A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-05-08 Julie Res Lab Inc Precision temperature-regulated oven system and method of control
US2973420A (en) * 1959-01-02 1961-02-28 Collins Radio Co Oven
US3002117A (en) * 1959-07-16 1961-09-26 Gunther A Vogt Crystal ovens
US2969471A (en) * 1959-10-30 1961-01-24 Wilhelm A Schneider Crystal temperature control device

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