US2433716A - Diesel fuel oils - Google Patents
Diesel fuel oils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2433716A US2433716A US683156A US68315646A US2433716A US 2433716 A US2433716 A US 2433716A US 683156 A US683156 A US 683156A US 68315646 A US68315646 A US 68315646A US 2433716 A US2433716 A US 2433716A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- amine
- diesel fuel
- fuel oils
- per cent
- diesel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 title description 46
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title description 45
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 44
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- -1 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 18
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- CYMRPDYINXWJFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbamoylbenzoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O CYMRPDYINXWJFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003493 decenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005064 octadecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005063 tetradecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved Diesel fueloils and more particularly to Diesel fuel oils which contain small amounts of addition agents which improve the performance characteristics of Diesel engines that burn said improved Diesel fuel oils.
- Diesel engines are generally operated with fuel oils that have a boiling range above that of gasoline and below that of a motor lubricant. They may for instance have initial boiling points of about 400 F. and end boiling points of about 700 F. In the operation of Diesel engines with such petroleum fuel oils various difliculties arise. Often. varnish or gum is formed on the piston surfaces, cylinder walls, valves, and atomizing apparatus of Diesel engines operating on such fuel oils, and the piston rings become stuck. Gum formation on the close fitting pintle valve of the fuel injection equipment results in a rapid drop in power and fluctuating combustion pressure due to inconsistent fuel injection. After several days of operation on ordinary Dieselfuel oils power output. and engine efiiciency decrease and there is a noticeable amount of knocking when the speed of the engine is increased.
- Diesel fuel oils used in operating marine Diesel engines often become contaminated with water. As little as 0.1 per cent of Water in a Diesel fuel oil can cause corrosion of fuel injectors so serious that the injectors must necessarily be replaced. With certain straight-run light Pennsylvania type fuel oils the wear on the injectors and plungers is sufficient to render them inaccurate after a few days operation thereby causing erratic engine performance.
- 'Small and medium size Diesel engines which usually operate on rather light fuel oils in particular operate with lessened efficiency because of insufficient lubrication and corrosion of parts. Corrosion, wear and gum formation on the high a pressure injection pumps, interior cylinder surfaces and piston rings appear to be the major causes for the lessened efficiency with which Diesel engines perform when they are operated on ordinary Diesel fuel oils.
- a further object is to produce saturated Diesel fuel oils which will deposit very little varnish or gum on the engine parts.
- a still further object is to provide Diesel fuel oils which will not corrode engine parts if said oils become contaminated with water.
- Another object is to provide Diesel fuel oils which will tend to lessen the wear Other objects will appear on the engine parts. hereinafter.
- Diesel fuel oils which contain a small proportion of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which also contain a small proportion of a polyvalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid, said aliphatic amine soap and polyvalent metal salt being present in suflicient quantities to improve the performance characteristics of Diesel engines burning said Diesel fuel oils.
- the aliphatic amine soaps used in our improved Diesel fuel oils are made from primary aliphatic amines having at least 10 carbon atoms and straight chain aliphatic monocarboxy-lic acids that have at least 10 carbon atoms.
- the normal straight chainprimary aliphatic amines used in preparing. the amine soaps used in the present invention preferably contain from 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
- primary alkyl amines such as decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, cetyl amine, octadecyl amine and eicosyl amine are employed, but it is also permissible to use unstraight chain primary aliphatic amines such asundecenyl amine and 9,10-octadecenyl amine (also called oleyl amine). tures of the straight chain primary alkyl amines, such as cocoa-mine, are often used because of their relative cheapness. Cocoamine is a commercial mixture of higher alkyl amines prepared from coconut oil fatty acids. It contains a major amount of primary dodecyl amine, and typical samples thereof have been found to have average molecular weight ranging from 200' to 210.
- the aliphatic amine soaps used in our improved Diesel fuel oils are made by reacting amines such as those mentioned in the preceding paragraph MiX- aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing at least 10 carbon atoms such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, ricinolelc acid, linoleic acid and arachidic acid.
- MiX- aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing at least 10 carbon atoms such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, ricinolelc acid, linoleic acid and arachidic acid.
- Cocoamine laurate is prepared by neutralizing 200 parts by weight of lauric acid with 200 parts by weight of cocoarnine which has an average molecular weight of 200.
- the Diesel fuels of the present invention also contain a small proportion of a polyvalent metal salt of a N-alkenyl.
- N-alkylol phthalamidic acid which has the following general formula:
- n-i i-a' I wherein n: denotes the numeral 2 or 3, R stands for an alkenyl group, R. represents an alkylol group, and M stands for a divalent or trivalent metal.
- divalent and trivalent metal salts of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acids are prepared by reacting equimolecular quantities of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines and phthalic anhydride to form N -alkenyl, N -alky1ol phthalamidic acids, followed by conversion of said acids to the desired divalent or trivalent metal salts thereof.
- the alkenyl group contains a long chain of 8 or more carbon atoms and may be an octenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, 9,10 octadecenyl, eicosenyl, or other similar long chain group.
- M preferably stands for calcium, but it may also denote other divalent metals such as magnesium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium, lead, tin, copper, nickel or cobalt, or trivalent metals such as aluminum or bismuth.
- the alkylol group preferably contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkenyl and alkylol groups in the polyvalent metal salts of N -alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acids are generally introduced therein by making these disubstituted phthalamidic acids from N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines and phthalic anhydride.
- N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines may in turn conveniently be prepared by reacting equimolecular proportions of 1,2-alkylene oxides with primary alkenyl amines, such as octenyl amine, decenyl amine, 'undecenyl amine, dodecenyl amine, tetradecenyl amine, hexadecenyl amine, 9,10-octadecenyl amine, eicosenyl amine, etc.
- primary alkenyl amines such as octenyl amine, decenyl amine, 'undecenyl amine, dodecenyl amine, tetradecenyl amine, hexadecenyl amine, 9,10-octadecenyl amine, eicosenyl amine, etc.
- N-alkylol amines which may be employed in preparing these N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines there may be mentioned ethylene oxide, l,2-propylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide.
- N-alkylol amines prepared by the reaction of equimolecular quantities of these 1,2-alkylene oxides with primary alkenyl amines have the following general formula:
- N-alkylol amines we will here describe the preparation of N-9,l0-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propy1 amine from equimolecular proportions of N-9,10-octadecenyl amine and 1,2- propylene oxide.
- a suitable reaction vessel equipped with a reflux condenser and means for heating and agitating the contents of said Vessel were placed267 parts by weight of 9,10-octadecenyl amine (also called oleyl amine). Then 58 parts by weight of propylene oxide were gradually added to the reaction mixture while stirring.
- N-9,l0-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxypropyl amine thus obtained has the following structural formula:
- One of the most readily prepared polyvalent metal salts used in the Diesel fuels of the present invention is the calcium salt of N-9-l0-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxy-propyl phthalamidic acid.
- This compound is prepared by reacting equimolecular quantities of phthalic anhydride and N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxy-propyl amine to form N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propyl phthalamidic acid, which is then converted to its calcium salt by neutralization with calcium hydroxide.
- Suitable Diesel fuel oils of the present invention may be made by adding to an ordinary Diesel fuel oil as little as 0.0004 per cent by weight of one of the aliphatic amine soaps mentioned hereinabove and 0.0004 per cent by weight of one of the polyvalent metal salts of N-alkenyl, N-allavlol phthalamidic acids, which are hereinbefore described.
- adding these compounds to a Diesel fuel oil we find it convenient to blend 92 parts by weight of a Texas oil having a viscosity of 300 S. U. V. at F.
- an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and with 4 parts by weight of a polyvalent metal salt of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid.
- the Texas oil of 300 S. U. V. at 100 F. we may dispense with the Texas oil of 300 S. U. V. at 100 F. and add the aliphatic amine soap and the polyvalent metal salt directly to the Diesel oil in the desired proportions.
- a preferred concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents which has been used in preparing some .of the improved Diesel fuel oils of the present invention is prepared by blending 4 per cent by weight of the cocoamine salt of lauric acid and I 4 per cent by weight of the calcium salt of N-9, lo-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxypropyl phthalamidic acid with 92 per cent by weight of a Texas oil having a viscosity of 300 S. U. V. at 100 F.
- This concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents has the following properties:
- An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains a small proportion of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine 7 that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which alsocontains a small proportion of a salt selected from the group consisting otdivalent and trivalent, ,metal salts of an N-allrenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid,
- said aliphatic amine soap and polyvalent metal salt being present in sumcient quantities to. retard corrosion, wear, gum formation and ring sticking in a Diesel engine burning said Diesel fuel oil.
- An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains a small proportional an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a 1on8 chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which also contains a small proportion 01' a divalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid. said allphatic amine soap and divalent metal salt being present in suflicient quantities to retard corrosion,
- an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic aminethat has at least -l0 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and-which also contains from about 0.0004 per cent to about 0.04 per cent by weight of a divalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkyiol phthalamidic acid wherein said alkenyl group contains at least 8 carbon atoms and said alkylol group contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains about 0.02 per cent by weight oi cocoamine laurate and about 0.02 per cent by weight of the calcium salt of N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propyi phthalamidic acid.
- HERSCHEDG SMITH. TROY L. CANTRELL. MARK L. HILL.
Description
Patentea Dec. 30, 1941 J Herschel G. Smith, Wallingford, Troy L. Cantrell,
' Lansdowne, and'Mai-k L. Hill, Yeadon, Pm, as-
signors to Gulf Oil Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.,
a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application July 12, 1946, 7 Serial No. 683,156 i 4 Claims. (01. 44-68) This invention relates to improved Diesel fueloils and more particularly to Diesel fuel oils which contain small amounts of addition agents which improve the performance characteristics of Diesel engines that burn said improved Diesel fuel oils. V
Diesel engines are generally operated with fuel oils that have a boiling range above that of gasoline and below that of a motor lubricant. They may for instance have initial boiling points of about 400 F. and end boiling points of about 700 F. In the operation of Diesel engines with such petroleum fuel oils various difliculties arise. Often. varnish or gum is formed on the piston surfaces, cylinder walls, valves, and atomizing apparatus of Diesel engines operating on such fuel oils, and the piston rings become stuck. Gum formation on the close fitting pintle valve of the fuel injection equipment results in a rapid drop in power and fluctuating combustion pressure due to inconsistent fuel injection. After several days of operation on ordinary Dieselfuel oils power output. and engine efiiciency decrease and there is a noticeable amount of knocking when the speed of the engine is increased. The engine must frequently be overhauled, cleaned and adjusted to restoreits operating efficiency. Diesel fuel oils used in operating marine Diesel engines often become contaminated with water. As little as 0.1 per cent of Water in a Diesel fuel oil can cause corrosion of fuel injectors so serious that the injectors must necessarily be replaced. With certain straight-run light Pennsylvania type fuel oils the wear on the injectors and plungers is sufficient to render them inaccurate after a few days operation thereby causing erratic engine performance. 'Small and medium size Diesel engines which usually operate on rather light fuel oils in particular operate with lessened efficiency because of insufficient lubrication and corrosion of parts. Corrosion, wear and gum formation on the high a pressure injection pumps, interior cylinder surfaces and piston rings appear to be the major causes for the lessened efficiency with which Diesel engines perform when they are operated on ordinary Diesel fuel oils.
. It is an object of this invention, to provide fuel oils for Diesel engines which will improve the power output and performance characteristics of such engines. A further object is to produce saturated Diesel fuel oils which will deposit very little varnish or gum on the engine parts. A still further object is to provide Diesel fuel oils which will not corrode engine parts if said oils become contaminated with water. Another object is to provide Diesel fuel oils which will tend to lessen the wear Other objects will appear on the engine parts. hereinafter.
These objects are accomplished in accordance with the present invention by making improved Diesel fuel oils which contain a small proportion of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which also contain a small proportion of a polyvalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid, said aliphatic amine soap and polyvalent metal salt being present in suflicient quantities to improve the performance characteristics of Diesel engines burning said Diesel fuel oils.
The aliphatic amine soaps used in our improved Diesel fuel oils are made from primary aliphatic amines having at least 10 carbon atoms and straight chain aliphatic monocarboxy-lic acids that have at least 10 carbon atoms. The normal straight chainprimary aliphatic amines used in preparing. the amine soaps used in the present invention preferably contain from 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Usually normal straight chain, primary alkyl amines such as decyl amine, undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, tetradecyl amine, cetyl amine, octadecyl amine and eicosyl amine are employed, but it is also permissible to use unstraight chain primary aliphatic amines such asundecenyl amine and 9,10-octadecenyl amine (also called oleyl amine). tures of the straight chain primary alkyl amines, such as cocoa-mine, are often used because of their relative cheapness. Cocoamine is a commercial mixture of higher alkyl amines prepared from coconut oil fatty acids. It contains a major amount of primary dodecyl amine, and typical samples thereof have been found to have average molecular weight ranging from 200' to 210.
The aliphatic amine soaps used in our improved Diesel fuel oils are made by reacting amines such as those mentioned in the preceding paragraph MiX- aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing at least 10 carbon atoms such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, ricinolelc acid, linoleic acid and arachidic acid. Technical mixtures of these acids such as may be obtained by hydrolyzing fats or oils such as castor oil, tallow, lard, olive oil, cottonseel oil, linseed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, palm kernel oil, rape oil, etc., may be utilized in preparing the amine soaps employed in the Diesel fuel oils of this invention.
One of the amine soaps which has been found to be avery desirable addition agent to Diesel fuel oils is the cocoamine salt of lauric acid. Cocoamine laurate is prepared by neutralizing 200 parts by weight of lauric acid with 200 parts by weight of cocoarnine which has an average molecular weight of 200.
The Diesel fuels of the present invention also contain a small proportion of a polyvalent metal salt of a N-alkenyl. N-alkylol phthalamidic acid which has the following general formula:
n-i i-a' I wherein n: denotes the numeral 2 or 3, R stands for an alkenyl group, R. represents an alkylol group, and M stands for a divalent or trivalent metal. These divalent and trivalent metal salts of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acids are prepared by reacting equimolecular quantities of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines and phthalic anhydride to form N -alkenyl, N -alky1ol phthalamidic acids, followed by conversion of said acids to the desired divalent or trivalent metal salts thereof. Preferably the alkenyl group contains a long chain of 8 or more carbon atoms and may be an octenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, 9,10 octadecenyl, eicosenyl, or other similar long chain group. M preferably stands for calcium, but it may also denote other divalent metals such as magnesium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium, lead, tin, copper, nickel or cobalt, or trivalent metals such as aluminum or bismuth. The alkylol group preferably contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
The alkenyl and alkylol groups in the polyvalent metal salts of N -alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acids are generally introduced therein by making these disubstituted phthalamidic acids from N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines and phthalic anhydride. These N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines may in turn conveniently be prepared by reacting equimolecular proportions of 1,2-alkylene oxides with primary alkenyl amines, such as octenyl amine, decenyl amine, 'undecenyl amine, dodecenyl amine, tetradecenyl amine, hexadecenyl amine, 9,10-octadecenyl amine, eicosenyl amine, etc. Among the 1,2-alkylene oxides which may be employed in preparing these N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines there may be mentioned ethylene oxide, l,2-propylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide. The N-alkenyl. N-alkylol amines prepared by the reaction of equimolecular quantities of these 1,2-alkylene oxides with primary alkenyl amines have the following general formula:
11 n R-N(E-(IJ-X wherein It represents an alkenyl group and x stands for hydrogen or a methyl or ethyl group.
In order to exemplify this method of preparing these N-alkenyl, N-alkylol amines we will here describe the preparation of N-9,l0-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propy1 amine from equimolecular proportions of N-9,10-octadecenyl amine and 1,2- propylene oxide. Into a suitable reaction vessel equipped with a reflux condenser and means for heating and agitating the contents of said Vessel were placed267 parts by weight of 9,10-octadecenyl amine (also called oleyl amine). Then 58 parts by weight of propylene oxide were gradually added to the reaction mixture while stirring. After the reactants were intimately mixed, the mixture was allowed to stand over night. Then the reaction mixture was refluxed for five hours to complete the reaction. The N-9,l0-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxypropyl amine thus obtained has the following structural formula:
One of the most readily prepared polyvalent metal salts used in the Diesel fuels of the present invention is the calcium salt of N-9-l0-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxy-propyl phthalamidic acid. This compound is prepared by reacting equimolecular quantities of phthalic anhydride and N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxy-propyl amine to form N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propyl phthalamidic acid, which is then converted to its calcium salt by neutralization with calcium hydroxide. A more detailed description of the preparation of this compound is given in the following paragraph.
Into a suitable reaction vessel were placed 325 parts by weight of N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-z-hydroxy-propyl amine and 148 parts by weight of phthalic anhydride. This mixture was agitated and heated to from 180 to 220 F. While maintaining the temperature and continuing the asitation, 37 parts by weight ofcalcium hydroxide were added. and the reaction mixture was held at this temperature a period of 10 hours. The reaction product thus obtained was the calcium salt of N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propyl phthalamidic acid.
Suitable Diesel fuel oils of the present invention may be made by adding to an ordinary Diesel fuel oil as little as 0.0004 per cent by weight of one of the aliphatic amine soaps mentioned hereinabove and 0.0004 per cent by weight of one of the polyvalent metal salts of N-alkenyl, N-allavlol phthalamidic acids, which are hereinbefore described. In adding these compounds to a Diesel fuel oil we find it convenient to blend 92 parts by weight of a Texas oil having a viscosity of 300 S. U. V. at F. with 4 parts by weight of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and with 4 parts by weight of a polyvalent metal salt of N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid. We denote this blend of a Texas oil with an allphatic amine soap and a polyvalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid as a concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents; We add from 0.01 per cent to l per cent by volume of this concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents to a Diesel fuel oil in preparing the improved Diesel fuel oils comprehended by the present invention. It is therefore obvious that the improved Diesel fuel oils of the present invention contain from about 0.0004 per cent to about 0.04 per cent by weight of one of the aliphatic amine soaps hereinbefore described and from about 0.0004 per cent to about 0.04 per cent by weight of one of the polyvalentmetal salts hereinbefore described. If desired, we may dispense with the Texas oil of 300 S. U. V. at 100 F. and add the aliphatic amine soap and the polyvalent metal salt directly to the Diesel oil in the desired proportions. We generally find it practical to add 0.5 per cent by volume of the concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents to an ordinary Diesel fuel oil which means that the Diesel fuel oils of the present invention generally'contain about 0.02 per cent by weight of one of the aliphatic amine soaps described hereinbefore and about 0.02 per cent by weight of one of the polyvalent metal salts described hereinabove.
A preferred concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents which has been used in preparing some .of the improved Diesel fuel oils of the present invention is prepared by blending 4 per cent by weight of the cocoamine salt of lauric acid and I 4 per cent by weight of the calcium salt of N-9, lo-octadecenyl, N-Z-hydroxypropyl phthalamidic acid with 92 per cent by weight of a Texas oil having a viscosity of 300 S. U. V. at 100 F. This concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents has the following properties:
Gravity, A. P. I 22.1 Viscosity, S. U. V.
Flash, 0C, "F v Fire, 00, F 400 Pour: F 10 Table I With Concentrate Without Concentrate Gravity, A. P. I Viscosity. S. U. V.:
Pour, F
Sulfur, Per C nt Water and Sediment. Per Cent Segimtent, A. S. T. M. D473-38T, Per
Carbon Residue, Per Cent...
Precipitation N bright Corrosion Test:
A. S. T. M. D665-44T- Steel Strip, Appearance Area Rusted. Per Cent....
rust
bright nil 100 The following table gives the comparative properties of a light Diesel fuel oil and an improved light Diesel fuel oil of the present invention which was made therefrom by blending 0.5 per cent by volume of the concentrate of Diesel fuel addition agents described above with 99.5 per cent by volume of the light Diesel fuel oil.
- Table II- With Con- Without contrate Concentrate Gravity, A. P. I 42. 9 43.0 Viscosity, S. U. V.: 100 F 35. 4 35.2 Flash, P-M; A. S. T..M. 093-42, F.'. 164 164 Pour, F-.. 5 5 Color, Saybolt +20 +18 Sulfur, L, Per Cent 0. 08 0.06 Water anzl Sediment, Per Cent nil nil Carbon Resi'lue, Per Cent 0.01 0.01 Carbon Residue on 10% Bottoms, Per
Cent 0.04 0.04 Precipitation No nil nil Copper Strip Test, 212 3 hrs good good Neutralization No 0. 0i 0. 01 Acid Heat, F.: A. S. 'I. M. 0481-30. 6 5 Unsaturation, Per Cent: Method 550.2, 'Gov't 3 3 An ne Point,v F. A S T M.
D6ll-44T 170.0 171.0 Cetane No 'iethod 62 02 Diesel Inriex No. 74 74 Ash, Per Cent nil nil Distillation, Gas Oil:
A. S. T. M. 13158-41- Over Point, F 380 380 En'i Point, F 638 10% at, F- 440 441 a at, 496 494 at, F 549 545 Corrosion 'lest No. l of Patent No.
2,371,853 bright rust Corrosion Test:
Steel Stri Appearance bright rust Area usted, Per Cent nil fuel oils. The close fitting pintle valves in the injection equipment of Diesel engines burning our improved fuel oils do not become covered with gum or corroded, and therefore the combustion pressure and power output remain constant even after over 1000 hours of operation. This is an important advantage especially in connection with the operation of marine Diesel engines such as those used in power barges. Our new Diesel fuel oils substantially prevent corrosion and wear of the high pressure injection pumps, interior cylinder surfaces and piston rings, and reduce the tendency for piston rings to stick. Our Diesel fuels thus improve markedly the p rformance of Diesel engines, particularly those of small and medium size that usually operate on rather light fuel oils. The Diesel oils of the present invention decrease the tendency toward ring sticking and varnish formation on cylinder walls,
valves and atomizing apparatus, thereby improving engine performance, power output and engine efi'iciency. The speed of Diesel engines burning our improved fuel oils may be increased with less knocking, and such engines will operate for a longer running time without having to be overhauled. If our Diesel fuel oils become contaminated with a little water, no serious corrosion of the injectors will ensue, since the addition agents added to our fuel oils increase their water tolerance. The wear on the plungers and injectors decreases considerably when our fuel oils are employed. Our improved Diesel fuel oils successfully counteract many of the factors that decrease the efliciency of Diesel engines operating on ordinary Diesel fuels.
Resort may be had to such modifications and variations as fall within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.
What we claim is:
1. An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains a small proportion of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine 7 that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which alsocontains a small proportion of a salt selected from the group consisting otdivalent and trivalent, ,metal salts of an N-allrenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid,
said aliphatic amine soap and polyvalent metal salt being present in sumcient quantities to. retard corrosion, wear, gum formation and ring sticking in a Diesel engine burning said Diesel fuel oil.
2. An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains a small proportional an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic amine that has at least 10 carbon atoms and a 1on8 chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and which also contains a small proportion 01' a divalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkylol phthalamidic acid. said allphatic amine soap and divalent metal salt being present in suflicient quantities to retard corrosion,
- wear, gum formation and ring sticking in a Diesel by weight of an aliphatic amine soap made from a long chain primary aliphatic aminethat has at least -l0 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid that has at least 10 carbon atoms and-which also contains from about 0.0004 per cent to about 0.04 per cent by weight of a divalent metal salt of an N-alkenyl, N-alkyiol phthalamidic acid wherein said alkenyl group contains at least 8 carbon atoms and said alkylol group contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
4. An improved Diesel fuel oil which contains about 0.02 per cent by weight oi cocoamine laurate and about 0.02 per cent by weight of the calcium salt of N-9,10-octadecenyl, N-2-hydroxy-propyi phthalamidic acid.
HERSCHEDG. SMITH. TROY L. CANTRELL. MARK L. HILL.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Anderson Mar. 14, 1944 Wasson June 11, 1946 Smith et al. Sept. 24, 1946 Number
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US683156A US2433716A (en) | 1946-07-12 | 1946-07-12 | Diesel fuel oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US683156A US2433716A (en) | 1946-07-12 | 1946-07-12 | Diesel fuel oils |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2433716A true US2433716A (en) | 1947-12-30 |
Family
ID=24742801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US683156A Expired - Lifetime US2433716A (en) | 1946-07-12 | 1946-07-12 | Diesel fuel oils |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2433716A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2496444A (en) * | 1945-10-30 | 1950-02-07 | Stanolind Pipe Line Company | Diesel fuel |
US2563764A (en) * | 1946-08-12 | 1951-08-07 | Shell Dev | Prevention of corrosive wear of moving metal parts |
US2591583A (en) * | 1949-01-21 | 1952-04-01 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust preventive |
US2626207A (en) * | 1948-09-17 | 1953-01-20 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
US2684292A (en) * | 1951-03-13 | 1954-07-20 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
EP0555006A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-11 | Slovnaft A.S. | Derivatives of dicarboxylic acids as additives in unleaded automobile gasolines |
US6277158B1 (en) | 1996-09-12 | 2001-08-21 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Additive concentrate for fuel compositions |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2344016A (en) * | 1942-03-25 | 1944-03-14 | Shell Dev | Corrosion-preventive hydrocarbon oil |
US2401993A (en) * | 1942-12-31 | 1946-06-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Corrosion resistant composition |
US2408103A (en) * | 1945-03-19 | 1946-09-24 | Gulf Oil Corp | Mineral oil composition |
-
1946
- 1946-07-12 US US683156A patent/US2433716A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2344016A (en) * | 1942-03-25 | 1944-03-14 | Shell Dev | Corrosion-preventive hydrocarbon oil |
US2401993A (en) * | 1942-12-31 | 1946-06-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Corrosion resistant composition |
US2408103A (en) * | 1945-03-19 | 1946-09-24 | Gulf Oil Corp | Mineral oil composition |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2496444A (en) * | 1945-10-30 | 1950-02-07 | Stanolind Pipe Line Company | Diesel fuel |
US2563764A (en) * | 1946-08-12 | 1951-08-07 | Shell Dev | Prevention of corrosive wear of moving metal parts |
US2626207A (en) * | 1948-09-17 | 1953-01-20 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
US2591583A (en) * | 1949-01-21 | 1952-04-01 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust preventive |
US2684292A (en) * | 1951-03-13 | 1954-07-20 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
EP0555006A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-11 | Slovnaft A.S. | Derivatives of dicarboxylic acids as additives in unleaded automobile gasolines |
US6277158B1 (en) | 1996-09-12 | 2001-08-21 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Additive concentrate for fuel compositions |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2699427A (en) | Mineral oil compositions containing amidic acids or salts thereof | |
US5730029A (en) | Esters derived from vegetable oils used as additives for fuels | |
US4035309A (en) | Metal-containing oxazoline additives and lubricating oils containing said additives | |
US3346354A (en) | Long-chain alkenyl succinic acids, esters, and anhydrides as fuel detergents | |
EP0902824B1 (en) | Fuel additives | |
US2718503A (en) | Anticorrosion agents consisting of the monamides of dimerized fatty acids | |
US3894849A (en) | Gasoline | |
US4448586A (en) | Corrosion inhibitor compositions for alcohol-based fuels | |
US2908711A (en) | Itaconic acid-amine reaction product | |
US2433243A (en) | Diesel fuel oils | |
US2433716A (en) | Diesel fuel oils | |
US4737160A (en) | Reaction products of amido-amine and epoxide useful as fuel additives | |
US2902353A (en) | Anti-stall gasoline | |
US3121059A (en) | Compositions of matter having anti-rust properties | |
US3701640A (en) | Composition | |
US2840600A (en) | Nu-substituted trimethylene diamine-n'alkanoic acids, salts, and esters | |
US2487189A (en) | Diesel fuel oils | |
JP2004508454A (en) | Method for improving low temperature solution properties of gasoline friction modifier | |
US2952636A (en) | Associates of inorganic metal compounds with copolymers containing a plurality of hydroxy groups | |
US2487190A (en) | Diesel fuel oils | |
US4292047A (en) | Benzoquinone and amine reaction product for fuels and mineral oils | |
CA1039302A (en) | Motor fuel composition | |
US4895578A (en) | Hydrocarbon fuel detergent | |
US3269811A (en) | Chemical composition and gasoline containing same | |
CA1208236A (en) | Compositions for use in alcohol and alcohol containing fuels |