US243366A - Ratchet and clutch device - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

H. G; FISKE.

Ratchet and Clutch Device. No. 243,366. Y Patented June 28,1881.

poses of this description, to designate the side UNITED STATES HENRY G. FISKE, OF SPRINGFIELD, IVIASSACHUSETTS.

RATCHET AND CLUTCH DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 243,366, dated June 2s, 1881.

Application tiled March 1Q, i881. (No model.)

To all lwhom it may concern:

Be it known thatl, HENRY G. FISKE, ot' Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improved Ratchet or Clutch Device, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification and description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part ot' this specification, and to the letters and gures of reference marked thereon.

The object of my invention is tol provide a cheap and effective ratchet device for driving a shaft or train of wheels only in one direction from anoth er shaft or wheel adapted to revolve in both directions; and I accomplish this by the mechanism Vsubstantially hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a side view of a driving-wheel with the ratchet-wheel connected therewith. Fig. II is a transverse section of the same at line A. Fig. III is a side view of the drivingwheel, with one of the pawls in position and the other removed, and showing the socket in which it operates. Fig. IV is an inside view of the ratchet-wheel, showing the ratchet-teeth east thereon. Fig. Vis a transverse section of the driving-wheel at line B. Fig. VIis aplan View ot the pawl. Fig. VII is an edge view of the same, and Fig. VIII is a reverse edge view of the same.

In the drawings, l denotes a\ driving-wheel adapted to be either fixed upon a shaft or to rotate thereon, upon one side ot' which is cast an annular iange, 4, projecting to the desired distance, and inside of which are cast any desired number of sets of bosses, as 6, two in each set, as shown clearly in Figs. III and V, to form a socket to receive the trunnion on the pawl. In the accompanying illustration Ihave shown two sets of bosses, one set opposite the other.

The pawl 5 is made preferably curved on the outer edge, to conform approximately to the inner surface of the flange 4, and is provided on one side with a trunnion-shaped protuberanee, e, which I denominate a trunnion.77

Although this ratchet device may be used either side uppermost in a horizontal position or in a vertical position, I pre-fer, for the purot the pawl opposite the trunnion as its upper77 side. This pawl terminates at one end somewhat sharply, as at a, the face of which end is preferably radial toits outer curved edge, and whose extreme end projects a little above the upper side of the pawl, as shown in Figs. VII and VIII, and the upper side of the pawl is also provided with a protuberance, c, near its opposite end, projecting also a little above the upper side of the pawl, as shown also in Figs. VII and VIII.

The t'runnion e fits loosely its socket between each set of bosses, so that the pawl will tilt easily on its trunnion.

The wheel 2 is adapted to be either fixed on a shaft, or to rotate thereon, and, if it is intended -to communicate motion to a train of wheels, is provided with teeth on its periphery or on its side, and on one side are cast ratchetteeth 3, arranged in circular order, as shown clearly in Figs. II and IV, and the outer edge of the circle of teeth 3 just passes inside the annular flange 4 when the wheel 2 is placed against the flange, so that the wheels will turn easily in that position.

Any number of the pawls 5, with a set of bosses, 6, for each, may be used; but two pawls will be quite suflicient for most purposes, and one pawl will be quite operative, the advantages of two being hereinafter explained.

This ratchet device mayy be used either to drive a shaft, or to drive a wheel or atrain of wheels, and. the wheel l may be secured to a fixed shaft so as to revolve freely thereon; or it may be securely keyed or fixed to a revolving shaft, in eithercase so that the wheel 1 may be revolved in either direction.

The wheel 2 may be keyed or secured permanently to a revolving shaft, in which case it will give motion to said shaft in one direction; orit maybe secured to a fixed shaft so as to revolve freely thereon independently of the shaft, in which case spur-teethmay be made on the periphery of the wheel, or on its side, to gear 'into another wheel or set of wheels, which will then be driven in only one direction by the wheel 2.

The operation of the device is such that when the wheel 2 is placed against the flange 4 of the wheel 1, and with the pawls 5 in place, as

shown clearly in Fig. II, as the driving-wheel IOO l is revolved the pawls 5 move around against the outer ends ofthe ratchet-teeth 3, the pro, tuberance c being depressed between two teeth by the projecting end a of the pawl riding against another tooth, and the eXtreme end a of the pawl being depressed between two teeth into position to engage against one of them by the protuberance c riding against a tooth, so that the Vengaging' end a of the pawl is always forced into position to engage against a tooth by the contact of the other end ofthe pawl with the outer surface of another tooth.

It is preferable to arrange the teeth and pawls so that only one pawl will engage with a tooth at one and the same time, so that the engagement will occur as quickly as possible, and with the minimum amountof lost motion of the driving-wh eel. It'an odd number of ratchet-teeth 3 he used, and two pawls be used of the same size and placed opposite each other, only one of the pawls will engage at a time against a tooth, and the lost motion bef'ore engage- 'ment will'be only half as much as when a single pawl is used.

lt is evident that this ratchet device is adapted to be used in connection with many different machines, and is equally operative in one position as another, whether placed horizontally, either side uppermost, or vertically.

It has the advantage also ot' being cheap, as-

every part may be cast and be put together just as it comes from the foundry and without any finish whatever, and in its operation it is positive, as the pawl is forced into position to engage with every tooth by the contact ot' each tooth, as they revolve, with the protuberance on the paw] at c, instead of the uncertainty incidental to the use of springs.

I denominate the space between each two bosses 6 the trimmen-socken7 as each set of bosses forms a socket to receive the trunnion of the pawl, in which the latter may vibrate or tilt.

The annular flange 4 may be made with numerous perforations of various and ornamental forms; or it may extend only partially around, and only at that portion where the pawls are located, to keep them in place; but I prefer in practice to make it, as shown in the drawings, extending around the entire circle and solid, to hold the pawls in place and exclude dirt and other matter therefrom.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- The combination, with a driving-wheel, of a ratchet-wheel having a series of ratchet-teeth on its side arranged in a general circular form, a pawl adapted at one end to engage with said ratchet-teeth, and having a trunnion on one side and a protubcrance on the opposite side, near its end, against which said ratchet-teeth impinge when moving past said teeth, and a socket on the side of said driving-wheel to receive the trunniou ot` said pawl, and in which the latter may tilt, substantially as described.

HENRY G. FISKE.

Witnesses:

T. A. CURTIS, CHAs. H. Woon.

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