US2430521A

US2430521A - Malleable annealing basket

Info

Publication number: US2430521A
Application number: US616524A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mccormick George Clifton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1945-09-15
Filing date: 1945-09-15
Publication date: 1947-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 1964-11-11

Description

Nov. 11, 1947. G. c. MOCORMICK MALLEABLE ANNEALING BASKET Filed Sept. 15, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet l GEORGE a. Macaw/ck IN V EN TOR.

Nov.'11, 1947. I G. c. MCCORMICK MALLEABLE ANNEALING BASKET 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 15, 1945 GEORGE a MGCOQM/GK' INVENTOR.

Patented Nov. 11, 1947 UNI TED 1 STAT ES:- PATENT F F'IC E' MALLEABLE ANNEALIN G BASKET GeorgeClifton McCm'mick Newton, Mass. 4

Applicationse'ptember 15, 1945," Serial No. 616524 17 Claims; (Cl. 263.-47)

This invention relates to improvements in heat treating apparatus, and, more particularly to a 1 heat-treating malleablizing tray havinga fixedbasewith'replaceable and floating corner post-sections which mount end and side wall members:-

I-Iitherto trays which have been used for heat treating and malleablizing have had a very short life. This is due not only to the rigorous thermal conditionsto which they are subjected but also to the substantial mechanical stresses imposed on those skilled in. the-art know during themalleablizing .treatment.gmphitization of the white 21 treating container-comprised of a base and a superstructure comprised of standardizedginterchangeable and readily replaceable parts theassociation being such that the superstructure'has we. wide permissive floating movement with=respect to the base to adequately accommodate expansionof the work. The novel structure is so devised thatthe major stresses set up in the tray are taken up in readily replaceable and relatively l0 inexpensive units thus'prolongingthe serviceable the trays during the malleablizing process; As";

iron occurs with consequent'increase in volume of the work being processed. This expansion of the work. imposes strains. on theside walls oflthe basket or tray. The distortionof the walls occasioned by such imposedstresses is accentuatedby the relatively high temperature. conditions of the.

unfit for service.

In thepast attempts. have been made .to avoid..-

or minimize these undesirable-resultssuch for.. example; as temporarily.diminishing the volumetric capacity of the tray andpermittingsubsequent increase inthe capacityof the tray as by the use of combustible wedges-and the like; Such expedients have notbeen foundto be effective.-

It has now been found that heat'treating and malleablizing trays maybemade fromwheat re-' sisting alloys and the like, if thetparts whichare normally subject to the greatestabuseare mounted so as tobe free floating on -a fixed ;base;

life of the larger and more expensive elements of the tray.

In orderto'moreclearly define the invention a preferred illustration is shown in: .the accompanying drawings in which:

shown in Fig. 4. 1.

Fig. 6 is an. enlargedsectional detail. taken on lines 6-16 ofFigL 2.

Fig.4! is a cross-sectionaldetail taken on lines 1-"! of Fig. 1.

. Fig- 8 is a cross-sectional detail of the cornerpost construction shown in Fig.7.

Fig.9 is anenlarged elevation of the stub post of the tray shown in Fig. '7.

Fig. .10. is a horizontal. sectional view-taken through the upper part of-the vertical post shown It is an" object of this invention .to-p-rovidera heat treating and malleablizing'trayhaving strucitural parts severally removable and interchangeable between difierentrunitsi It is a further object of this. invention to'provide heat treating and malleablizing trays haNingwa relatively fixed or stable base with a superposed liner and. replaceable stanchion sections and side wall and end walltmernbers."

Other objects of novelty;andadvantageof the in Fig.8.

Fi .11 is an:enlarged detail-of the corneripost unit of .the modification :shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and

40 Fig. 12 is a top plan of thecornerpost units of Figa-ll.

The-novel tray of thepresent invention comprises'a base membenAycornerposts B,: a tray. liner-sheet C, endwallsFD and-side walls E. 'The several parts-areinterfitted' and interconnected presentinvention includeknock down heat treatothers With these andotherequally important 'and:re.=.

bybolts and suitablefastenings to permit replacement of the parts a when desired.

Considering the structural features more in detail, the fixed base A comprises a main top or 5 .floor section I having edge flanges 2 terminating parts which require replacement'more often than lated objects-in" view the inventioncomprehends the concept of providing':a tray iorisimilars-heat in inturned bottom flange sections 3. A plurality of integral, spaced tubular sections l extend alongathe length of the memberand beneath the fioorzsection. Curvilin'ear skids 5 are provided underneaththe tray and are cast integral with the same. Lugs 6 are formed at the sides of the base and are stiffened with integral webs 'I cast integral with the lugs and the sides 8 of the base. The lugs 6, with the supporting stiffening web 1, form generally T-shaped projections extending outwardly from the sides of the units and serve as engagement lugs for control of dumping or other handling after its passage through the heat treating or malleablizing furnace. A plurality of transverse tubular sections 9 meet the longitudinal tubular sections 4 in the central tray area to form a plurality of bridge sections II] which define apertures I l of generally rectangular shape in the center of the tray. Along the side edges of the tray there are formed a plurality of longitudinal slots l2. The front end l3 of the tray and the rear end l4 are provided at the upper edge portions with a plurality of spaced upstanding lugs l5, severally defining grooves l6 therebetween, to receive end walls, as will be described more in detail hereinafter. At the four corners of the upper surface of the tray there are provided integral stub post sections I'I shown in detail in Figs. and 6. These sections comprise outer corner walls l8 and I9 extending vertically upward and inside

walls

20 and 2| which are joined to web 22 of the tray by curvilinear sections 23. The walls sections l3 and 20 of the stub post are provided with aligned apertures 24 adapted to receive corner pins 25 held in place in any suitable manner, as by nuts 26.

As noted in Figs. 1 and 2, a liner sheet 30 overlays the tray section of the base. This sheet has cutout corners 3| adapted to clear the stub posts I1, and is provided with apertures or slots 32 and 33 generally conforming to sections H and i2 of the base member and extending inwardly of the apertures formed by the base sections. Additionally, the liner may or may not be provided with a plurality of circular apertures 34 in the center of the liner sections superposed over the bridging sections IU of the base.

It will be seen that the liner sheet overlays the top surface of the base, and, due to its spaced apertures, insures even heating of the contents of the tray while, at the same time, providing a complete protective apron or surfacing for the base proper. By so protecting the base section, the metal of the latter is not subjected to blows from the contents of the tray during loading and discharging of the tray.

The stub posts described immediately above serve as supports and points of attachment for the removable corner pots 40. These posts, as shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7, comprise castings having a smooth vertical back wall 4| of generally rectangular configuration, an outer side wall 42, an inner side wall 43, and a lateralside wall 44.

Side Walls

42 and 43 have vertical rounded edges 45 common with vertical wall 4| at the sides thereof. Additionally, the two walls have a slanting upper section 46 terminating in a vertical bottom section 41 which is slightly higher than the heighth of the stub posts 11. An inner stiffening web 48 is formed between Walls 4! and 43 immediately above the vertical section 41 of wall 43.

Walls

42 and 44 are provided near the bottom with the aligned holes 49 adapted to register with holes 24 in stub section I! and receive corner pins 25. Wall 44 is provided with spaced lugs 59 adjacent vertical edge 45 and these lugs are apertured, as indicated at 5!. These lugs serve as supports for the side walls which are bolted thereto by pins 52 usually secured with cotter pins 53. A T-shaped knuckle 54 is formed integrally with section 41 of the corner posts and as an extension of side 42 thereof. This member has a vertical face or stop surface 55 and a stiflening or supporting web section 56. These members serve, in conjunction with members 15, to align and hold the bottom edges of the end walls in position when the tray is fully set up.

It will be noted that the posts B are not rigidly connected to the stub posts so that considerable play is permitted to and between the parts.

The side wall plates 68 are generally rectangular having top and bottom edges 6! and 62, side edges 63 and 54. Apertures 65 are adapted to register with apertures 5| in upper lugs 50 of the corner posts and the plates are secured to the lugs by end pins 52, previously described. The plates 89 are transversely corrugated, as indicated at 66, and are cambered inwardly of the tray, as indicated at El. It will be noted that the side edges and the bottom edge of the end walls are spaced from the posts and the upper surface of the liner of the tray. In addition, there is considerable play at the lugs 59 so that plates 60 are freely movable in all directions when set up in the tray.

The side plates may be provided, adjacent their side edges, with a plurality of holes to permit uniform heating of the contents of the tray without interfering with its operative functions.

The end wall plates D are comprised of specially conformed plates 68, including the bottom edge 69, a vertical side edge portion l0 conforming generally to the vertical section 41 of the corner post and an angular edge H conforming to the tapered side 46 of the corner post. The upper edges of plate 68 are formed with the cutout D tions 12 and the upstanding tubular portions 13. As will be observed, the tubular portions are adapted to receive the tie rods 14. These end wall plates are suspended from the tie rods 14 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In use, the side plates are hung loosely from the tie rods 14 and are held in aligned relation at the bottom by the lugs l5 and lugs 54. Here again, due to the relatively loose connection between the supporting posts and the walls there is permitted a maximum of play between the several parts of the assembled tray. As will be observed from an inspection of Figs. 1 and 2 the tie rod passes through transverse apertures 15 in the upper sections of walls 4! and 43. The tie rods may be passed through these apertures and thence through the tubular sections of the side plate 68 to suspend the side plates in position. The tie rod is secured in position by means of the bolt 15.

It will be seen that the side walls and end walls may be of standardized construction and may be simply and individually replaced. With this type of assemblage, as will be observed, the diagonally positioned corner posts are of identical construction, hence two standard corner post units can be provided to insure simple replacement in an operating tray.

As has been previously explained, the invention comprehends the provision of an annealing tray comprising a base and a superstructure so associated as to insure a substantial flexibility of movement of the components of the superstructure with respect to the base to thereby prevent distortion of the elements of the superstructure upon thermal expansion of the work or contents of the tray. With this concept in vie it ill b appreciated that a number of specifically different mechanical structures may be devised to insure the described desirable result. As has been which the corner posts B described, the structure shown in Figs. 1 to F7 involves the mounting of the side andendwal-lsof the tray .on the base through the medium of corner posts or stanchions which latter are so connected to the base as to permit aconsiderable degree of relative movement therebetweenwhileinsuring the desirable overall structural rigidity of the tray. As will be appreciated, other types of mounting of the corner post on the basestruoture may be utilized to insure such fiexible'connection.

An eminently simple and effective type of such mountin may comprise the utilization of curvilinear bearing surfaces on the 'ba-serstructure and similar curvilinear suriaces on the portions of the corner posts which. abut the base structure. In other words, the connection between the base and the supporting corner posts may comprise any simple type of "ball andsocket joint or equivalent swivel or universal joint mountings.

A simplified structure embodying such .a swivel type connection is shown inFigs. 8 to 133inc1usive. This modification, like that previously described, comprises as the major units a base .A', comprising an integral casting of suitable heat resistant steel which forms the base and floor section of the tray, corner posts B, .a liner sheet C, side Walls D and end walls E. The base section, as previously described, is cast with the spaced integral tubular sections 1'53 extending longitudinally of the base and similar tubular sections (not shown) extending transversely of the base, The base is also provided with the integral cast skids 8!) adapted to support the tray on the .floor or rails of the furnace. These tubular sections merge in the central tray area to establish the bridge sections s1 and a series of apertures 82 in the floor of the tray. Adjacent the .side edges of the tray there are established a plurality of longitudinal slots E3. The base :of the tray is formed with a plurality of pairs of spaced lugs '84 of the type shown in detail in Fig. .3, which serve to receive the side and end walls therebetween to form positioning guides for such walls. As in the modification previously described, the side walls of the base section of the tray are formed with integral projecting lugs 23.5, stifliened by flanges es to form T-shaped projections to serve as engagement lugs for movement and control of the tray.

As intimated previously, the base section of the tray is provided with integral stub sections .at the corners thereof which form .a base upon are mounted. As shown, particularly in Fig. 13, the corner sections of the base portion of the tray are formed with the curvilinear surface 87 which projects above the major horizontalplane of the floorse'ction of the base. This corner section, as shown, presents a curvilinear upper surface adapted .to contact a similarly conformed surface one, corner post in a :manner more particularly to be described. This-elevated curvilinear section is cored at 88 to receive means for attaching corner post. The tray liner 89 is formed with cutout .corner portions to clear the sections 81. The tray liner similarly is cutout to provide apertures conforming generally to the apertures in the base or iloor section of the tray .to thus permit circulation of heat through the work.

As shown in Figs. 10 and 11 the corner post comprises a hollow elongated unit 9&3, preferably of rectilinear cross-section. Such :posts include the walls 9!, Q2, 93 and 594. Adjacent its base portipn the post is formed with the integral :projection or lug :95 formed with the flat plate engaging surface 195 and the rigidifying or stiffening web 91 :Similarly, the wall 94 is formed with the projecting lug 9.8 which is similar in construction and function to lug '95. The base portion of the column or post, as will be observed from an inspection of Figs. 10 and 11, is formed with the integral curved bearing section 89 which is cored at "I The curved surface 99 is cast .or otherwise s'hapedto conform tothe spherical supporting section 8? of the base of the trail. The upper section of the corner post is apertured so as to receive tie rods for supporting the end and side plates. The wall section 93 is provided with the aperture l-Bl and the wall section 94 is similarly provided with the aperture I02.

The assemblage and operation of the tray will have been appreciated from the foregoing description. In assembling the tray the corner posts at are mounted in vertical position so that the curved bearing surfaces 99 abut the correspondingly curved surfaces 81. The posts are secured to the tray proper through the medium of the bolt tilt and nut 104. As shown, the bottom surface of the "head of the bolt of the upper surface :of the nut are shaped to register or conform with the curvatures of the adjacent or abutting passes through the aperture H1!) in the corner post and the aperture 88 in the bearing section of the floor tray. Byproviding a'given tolerance between-the bolt shank and the apertures .88 and let a considerable degree of permissive movement is established between the base of the tray the corner post.

The corner post, as will particularly 'be observed, "is :a simple unit and is so designed as to be readily removable and interchangeable in any corner position of the tray.

The side and end plates D' and E similarly may be :of standard construction so as to be readreplaceableand interchangeable. As shown in Fig. 9 such plates may comprise a main body portion 1W5 formed with the straight lower edge I06 and the straight side edges I91. The upper edge of the plate, like that described in the earlier modification, comprises a series of spaced tubular extensions T08.

in assembling, the lower edge of the plate is inserted between the positioning flanges 84, and the edges Hi7 thus fit inside the lugs 95 of one corner post and the lug 98 of the opposite corner post. These lugs in conjunction with the flanges 84 thus serve to position the lower portion of the plate and provide a rugged lateral support for the plate enabling it to retain the work in the tray. These plates, as shown, are suspended from and wholly supported by tie rods I 09. Such tie rod is provided with a head H0 at one end and a threaded portion ill at the other. In mounting the plate, as shown in Fig. 9, the tie rod is inserted through the aperture [ill of the right-hand corner post, thence through the tubular upper edge I83 of the plate and through aperture I02 oi the opposite corner post. By attaching the nut 1 H! the plate is established and secured in position and is suspended from the tie rod so that clearance is established between the edges of the plate and the tray floor and posts. The other plates are mounted in a similar manner. As will be observed from an inspection of Fig. 8 the upper portion of each corner post receives the headed end of I H] of one tie rod and the nut N2 of the other tie rod. The upper portions of walls 9| and 92 are cut away at H3 so as to Permit ready insertion of the tie rods and the application of nuts I 12. In order to insure free circulation to the work the side and end plates of the tray may be provided with a series of apertures It will be appreciated that this type of structure is eminently simple and rugged. The corner posts, side and end walls and tie rods are so designed that they may be utilized on any side of the tray. By stocking such standard units users of the tray may quickly replace any unit of the superstructure. Such replacement can be made rapidly because of the ease with which the tray may be knocked down and assembled.

It will now be appreciated that the described structures present many advantages and eliminate the serious inherent disadvantages of prior art structures. In each modification the provision of suspending side walls from tie rods and establishing a permissive movement between the base and the superstructure insures a maximum of play between the several parts of the tray. The structure thus minimizes trouble arising from displacing or moving the trays while under high temperatures which would normally cause distortion in wall or post members in solid cast trays. In the structure shown in Figs. 1 to '7 inclusive, the provision of corrugated Walls insures a reduction in wall thickness of these members without detracting from their structural efiiciency in use. It is apparent with the type of structure described that when the parts have become unduly distorted a particular member may readily be removed and quickly replaced by a similar standard member without requiring the scrapping of the entire tray unit. Marked longevity of the tray as a whole is thus achieved. The pronounced freedom of movement between the several parts insures adequate take up for expansion of the work or the contents of the tray without building up undue stresses either in the walls of the tray structure or in the parts under treatment. Since the free floating condition of the movable walls and corner posts permits the ready accommodation of the several parts to any imposed stresses or strains arising from use.

It will now be appreciated that there is herein provided a novel knock-down, heat-treating and malleablizing tray in which the parts are severally removable and replaceable and, because of their novel design and assemblage, permits a maximum of movement for the parts under conditions imposed by expansion or other conditions arising from high temperature operation.

While preferred modifications of the invention have been described it is to be understood that these are given didactically to illustrate the underlying principles involved and not as limiting the useful scope of the invention to the particular illustrative embodiments.

I claim:

1. A heat treating tray comprising, in combination, a base, a liner sheet on the base, stub posts at the corners of the base, stanchions removably secured to the stub posts and removable side and end walls secured to and between the stanchions.

2. A heat treating tray comprising, in combination, a base, an apertured liner sheet on the base, stub posts at the corners of the base, stanchions removably secured to the stub posts and removable side and end walls secured to and between the stanchions.

3. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the end walls and side walls are transversely corrugated.

4. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the end walls are fastened between stanchions and are cambered inwardly of the tray.

5. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the side walls are transversely corrugated and are hung from tie rods fastened between the stanchions.

6. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the side walls and liner are spaced from the corner posts.

'7. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the bottom liner is apertured to conform to the base and is spaced from the stub posts.

8. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the side walls are hung from tie rods by annular sections at the top edges of the Walls.

9. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the end walls and side walls are apertured adjacent their respective side edges.

10. A tray structure according to claim 2 in which the side walls are transversely corrugated and have top edges formed as integral tubes, the tubes receiving tie rods mounted between stanchions and upon which the side walls are hung and the bottom edges of the side walls being loosely fitted in grooved members in the base section.

11. A heat-treating tray comprising an inversely dished apertured flat base, integral, upstanding stub posts at the corners of the base, hollow stanchions removably and loosely secured on and over the stub posts, transversely corrugat ed end walls secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall hanger rods also secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall-receiving sections in the base and in the stanchions, and side walls hung on the hanger rods and received in the base and stanchions.

12. A heat-treating tray comprising an apertured fiat base, a conformed liner on and over the base, integral, upstanding stub posts at the corners of the base, stanchions removably and loosely secured on and over the stub posts, transversely corrugated side walls secured to and between the stanchions, end wall hanger rods also secured to and between the stanchions, side-wallreceiving sections in the base and in the stanchions, and end walls hung on the hanger rods and received in the base and stanchions.

13. A heat-treating tray comprising an apertured fiat base, tubular strengthening members or ribs within and integral with the base, cambered guide skid members integral with the inside of the base and opposed side walls of the base, stub posts on the top of the base and integral therewith, stanchions removably and loosely secured on and over the stub posts, corrugated end walls secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall hanger rods also secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall receiving sections on the top side edges of the base and in the bottom side sections of the stanchions, and side-walls hung on the hanger rods and received in and by the base and stanchions.

14. A heat-treating tray comprising an apertured flat base, a conformed liner on and over the base, tubular strengthening members on ribs within and integral with the base, cambered guide skid members integral with the outside of the base and opposed side walls of the base, stub posts on the top of the base and integral therewith, stanchions removably and loosely secured on and over the stub posts, corrugated end walls secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall hanger rods also secured to and between the stanchions, side-wall receiving sections on the top side edges of the base and in the bottom side sections of the stanchions, and side-walls hung on the hanger rods and received in and by the base and stanchions.

15. A heat treating tray comprising a base, stub posts formed integrally with the base, said posts being provided with a curvilinear upper bearing surface, stanchions removably secured to the posts, said stanchions being provided with curvilinear bottom sections adapted to abut the curvilinear bearing surfaces on the post and means to support side and end walls on the stanchions.

16. A heat treating tray comprising a rectangular base, stub posts formed integrally with the base at the corners thereof, said posts being cored and formed with a curvilinear upper bearing surface, elongated interchangeable stanchions mounted upon and removably secured to stub posts, the stanchions being provided with curvilinear bottom sections conforming to and adapted to abut the said curvilinear sections of the corner posts, tie rods attached to and extending between the upper ends of the several stanchions and removable side and end walls mounted on and suspended from the tie rods.

17. A heat treating tray comprising a polygonal base, stub posts formed integrally with the base at the corners thereof, said posts being cored and formed with a curvilinear upper bearing surface, elongated interchangeable hollow stanchions mounted upon and removably secured to the stub posts, the stanchions being provided with a curvilinear section at the bottom which conforms to and abuts the curvilinear section of the stub posts; the upper end of the stanchions being provided with laterally projecting flanges; tie rods attached to and extending between the stanchions, and side and end walls suspended from the tie rods and adapted to be retained in position by the said flanges on the stanchions.

GEORGE CLIFTON MCCORMICK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,022,283 Harris Nov. 26, 1935 2,115,416 Deahl Apr. 26, 1938 2,297,054 Garrison Sept. 29, 1942