US2427738A - Vapor-electric device - Google Patents

Vapor-electric device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2427738A
US2427738A US345096A US34509640A US2427738A US 2427738 A US2427738 A US 2427738A US 345096 A US345096 A US 345096A US 34509640 A US34509640 A US 34509640A US 2427738 A US2427738 A US 2427738A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
current
circuit
alternating
alive
make
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US345096A
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English (en)
Inventor
William E Pakala
Henry C Myers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE470410D priority Critical patent/BE470410A/xx
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US345096A priority patent/US2427738A/en
Priority to ES176421A priority patent/ES176421A1/es
Priority to FR941952D priority patent/FR941952A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2427738A publication Critical patent/US2427738A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/02—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0072—Disassembly or repair of discharge tubes
    • H01J2893/0073—Discharge tubes with liquid poolcathodes; constructional details
    • H01J2893/0074—Cathodic cups; Screens; Reflectors; Filters; Windows; Protection against mercury deposition; Returning condensed electrode material to the cathodic cup; Liquid electrode level control
    • H01J2893/0087—Igniting means; Cathode spot maintaining or extinguishing means

Definitions

  • Fig. is a schematic illustration showing a sim-- In the illustrated embodiment of our invention 1 according to Fig. 1, an alternating current circuit is necessary to periodically apply control impulses 5 l is connected to a direct current circuit '2 by to the make-alive electrodes in order to initiate means f a Suitable transformer current flow the current carryingarcs in the valves.
  • the transformer 3 being controlled by tofore either auxiliary electronic valves or conmeans of Man t -d 'c pr tact devices have been utilized for applyin these a p ur ty of Valves 4 f the make-alive typ periodic impulses.
  • Each V e 4 Comprises a le evacuated supplying devices have been unsatisfactory either tamer 5 a i g a vaporizable cathode 6, P because 0f"bl1!l'iing.0.l1t of the control tubes or y u y 0 other Suitable materialr damage to the contact elements ofthe mechani-
  • a suitable anode ca1devices l 1 I which may be provided with a suitable shield 8.
  • suitable control impulses f electmde 9 provided in cohtach can be generated by utilizing a saturablechoke i the 5 and preferably phovlded to distort the.
  • Said control-circuit pulse! f 4 alternating current source is herein illustrated have, 9l d fu ther'thatthe total e e y as a control transformer ll connected to the alnecessary to m i h cathodefsliot? mar be f ternating current circuit 1.
  • is provided with a pluvices in parallel with'the initial controlpotential.
  • phase ter make-alive electrodes of electric valvesl minals are individuallyconnected to the several It is a further object of our invention to promake-alive electrodes 9 and in each of these convide a control system in which the, phase relation nections we have provided a suitable non-linear of the control impulse may be-readily adjusted: impedance-device, illustrated in the form of a It is a still furtherobject of our invention to saturable reactor, choke-coil, or inductance-deprovide a control system requiring a minimum vice, having a winding l5 associated'with a mag amount of control energy. 40 netic core I6, preferably of a high permeability Other objects and advantages of our invention material having a sharp saturation point.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a control Connected in series between the phase e al system according to our invention, and the make-alive electrode 9 is a suitableuni- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of t o directional conductor 0r asymmetrically conductrent and flux variations in the saturable choke s device which may be either a copp OXide according to our invention, rectifier, a glow tube or any other suitable de- Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration showing vice.
  • the series rectifier I! is utilized to prevent the wave forms of current, voltage and flux in inverse currents from flowing to the make-alive the saturable choke. electrode 9 which might damage the make-alive Fig.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration similar to device or even cause improper operation during Fig. 1, showing a modification according to our I the inverse half cycle.
  • a suitable unidirectional invention, and v or asymme cal conducting device I8 is then placed in shunt across the make-alive electrode 9 and the unidirectional conductor IT to dissipate the inverse energy to prevent the cumulative'unidirectional saturation or the magnetic core of the 2
  • suitable resistance devices 22 are provided for permitting adjustment of the direct current in the auxiliary winding 20.
  • the control transformer supplies a substantiallysymmetrical alternating voltage of equal positive and negative half-waves, that is, having substantially no direct-current component. and having a substantially sinusoidal wave form 25 (Fig. 3) which produces a, magnetizing current 28, establishing a flux 21 in the saturable reactor.
  • the direct cur- .rent premagnetization establishes a permanent bias flux A (Fig. 2) in the saturable core, and thesize of the core is such that, as the altematingcurrent component of the flux increases, at an intermediate portion of each p sitive and negative half-wave of the alternating-current wave the total flux reaches the saturation point B,
  • Fig. 4 differs from that of Fig. 1 in that suitable energy storing devices herein illustrated as capacitors 30 are connected in parallel with the phase windings, and suitable impedances 3 I herein shown as linear or non-saturating reactors, are utilized to control the rate of flow of current from the phase windings into the energy storing devices 30. At the instant when the magnetizing current produces a flux which exceeds the saturation point of the core, the energy storing devices will discharge,
  • a steep wavefront of the impressed voltage-wave sending current through the reactor II and the make-alive electrode 9 is particularly useful, in the makealive control of the rectifier-valves 4, because the condition of the make-alive electrode changes, from time to time, thus causing the magnetizing current of the serially connected reactor 15 to vary. If the wave-fronts of the successive halfcycles of this magnetizing-current are steep, the point at which ignition occurs will occur at very nearly the same time-phase in each half-cycle, regardless of the condition of the make-alive electrode,'thus making the operation of the vaporelectric valves 4 more uniform.
  • alternating-current winding I5 of the saturable choke-coil or inductance-device is divided into two equal parts disposed on the two outer legs of the three-legged core l6, so that the alternatingcurrent flux is circulated in a closed magnetic path of such dimensions as to be saturable under the operating conditions of the device, in the manner previously explained.
  • the direct-current winding 10' is disposed on the central leg of the core ll, so that its flux divides between the two outer legs, so that the direct-current winding 20' is non-inductively related to the alternating-current windings ii of the three-legged core ll".
  • a make-alive control-system comprising a valve-device; an alternating-current source; a non-linear impedance; a linear impedance; a capacitor; a series asymmetrically conducing device; a shunting asymmetrically conducting device; a make-alive circuit including, in seriescircuit relation, said alternating-current source, said linear impedance, said non-linear impedance, Said series asymmetrically conducting device, and a make-alive electrode of said valvedevice, whereby unidirectional-current impulses of one polarity are delivered, through said'series asymmetrically.
  • a shunting circuit including said shunting asymmetrically conducting device, connected in shunt-circuit relation around said make alive electrode and said series asymmetrically conducting device, whereby a path is provided for unidirectional-current impulses of theother polarity; and a shunting circuit, including said capacitor, connected in shunt-circuit relation around both said alternatingcurrent source and said linear impedance, so as to cooperate with said alternating-current source in supplying energy to said non-linear impedance and to said make-alive electrode and means for-varying said non-linear impedance.
  • a make-alive control-system comprising a valve-device; an alternating-current source; an inductance-device having a saturable core; a capacitor; an auxiliary impedance-device; a, series asymmetrically conducting device; a shunting asymmetrically conducting device; circuit-means, serially including said alternating-current source and said auxiliary impedance-device, for impressing upon said capacitor an alternating voltage having substantially equal positive and negative impulses; circuit-means, including said capacitor, for impressing upon said inductance-device an alternating voltage having substantially equal positive and'negative impulses, in such magnitude as to saturate the inductance-device at a portion of each of the positive and negative impulses, whereby a discontinuity in the saturation-curve of the inductance-device is obtained at said portion of each positive and negative impulse; makealive circuit-means, including said series asymmetrically conducting device, for utilizing said inductance-device to cause peaked positive currentimpuls
  • a shunting asymmetrically conducting device a currentsupplying circuit including, in series circuit relation, said alternating-current source, said saturable reactor, said series asymmetrically conducing device, and a load-device, whereby unidirectional-current impulses of one polarity are delivered, through said series asymmetrically conducting device, to said load-device; a shunting circuit, including said shunting asymmetrically conducting device, connected in shuntcircuit relation around said load-device and said series asymmetrically conducting device, whereby a path is provided for unidirectional-current impulses of the other polarity; and a shunting circuit, including-said capacitor, connected in shuntcircuit relation around said alternating-current source, so as to cooperate with said alternatingcurrent source in supplying energy to said saturable reactor and to said load-device, and means 6 for varying the saturation point of said saturable reactor.
  • a make-alive system comprising an alternating-current source; an inductance-device having a saturable core; acapacitor; a series asymmetrically conducting device; a shunting asymmetrically conducting device; circuit-means connecting said altemating-current source to said capacitor, for impressing upon said capacitor an alternating voltage having substantially equal positive and negative impulses; circuit-means, including said capacitor, for impressing upon said inductance-device an alternating voltage having substantially equal positive and negative impulses, in such magnitude as to saturate the inductancedevice at a portion of each of the positive and negative impulses, whereby a discontinuity in the saturation-curve of the inductance-device is obtained at said portion of each positive and negative impulse; a current-supplying circuit-means, including said series asymmetrically conducting device connecting said inductance-device to a load-device; for utilizing said inductance-device to cause peaked positive current-impulses to be supplied to the load-device
  • an alternating-current source an inductance-device including a threelegged magnetizable core having an outer-leg closed magnetic path of such dimensions as to be saturable under the operating conditions of the device, an alternating-current windingmeans divided into two equal parts on said outer legs, and a substantiallynon-inductively related direct-current winding-means on the central leg of said core; a current-supplying circuit-means, including said alternating-current source and an alternating-current winding-means of said inductance-device, for supplying a load-device with a, succession of controlled unidirectional peaked current-impulses of considerably less than halfcycle duration; and variable direct-current eX" citing-means for the direct-current windingmeans of said impedance device.
  • an electric valve means having a control member, a, source of alternating current, and an excitation circuit for transmitting an impulse of current to said control mem ber
  • an electric valve means having a control member, a, source of alternating current, and an excitation circuit for transmitting an impulse of current to said control mem ber
  • a. capacitance, 'a saturable nonlinear inductive reactance arranged to saturate within the normal range of operating-current of said excitation circuit and connected! to said capacitance for effecting discharge of said capacitance and a linear inductive reactance connected between said source and said capacitance and in the charging circuit of said capacitance for limiting the amount of current derived from said source upon discharge of said capacitance.
  • an electric valve means having a control member, a source of alternating current, and an excitation circuit for transmitting an impulse of current to said control member comprising a capacitance connected to be charged from said source, an impedance element, a saturable inductive reactance connected between said capacitance and said impedance element for abruptly discharging said capacitance 7 through said impedance element and a linear inductive reactance connected between said source and said capacitance for limiting the amount of current derived from said source when the inductive reactance of the saturable reactance abrupt- 1y decreases.
  • an alternating current supply circuit for transmitting an impulse of current to said load circuit comprising a capacitance, a saturable nonlinear inductive reactance arranged to saturate within the normal range of operating current of said load circuit, means connecting said reactance and said load circuit in series and to said capacitance to establish a discharge circuit therefor, and means including a substantially linear inductive reactance connecting said capacitance with said source to provide a circuit for the transfer of alternating'current energy from said source to said capacitance and to offer substantial impedance between said source and said capacitance during discharge of said capacitance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
US345096A 1940-07-12 1940-07-12 Vapor-electric device Expired - Lifetime US2427738A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE470410D BE470410A (es) 1940-07-12
US345096A US2427738A (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-12 Vapor-electric device
ES176421A ES176421A1 (es) 1940-07-12 1947-01-14 Un sistema de control para válvulas eléctricas de vapor del tipo de excitación
FR941952D FR941952A (fr) 1940-07-12 1947-02-18 Dispositifs électriques à valves à vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US345096A US2427738A (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-12 Vapor-electric device

Publications (1)

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US2427738A true US2427738A (en) 1947-09-23

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US345096A Expired - Lifetime US2427738A (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-12 Vapor-electric device

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2427738A (es)
BE (1) BE470410A (es)
ES (1) ES176421A1 (es)
FR (1) FR941952A (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3330998A (en) * 1964-07-31 1967-07-11 Allis Chaimers Mfg Company Controlled rectifier control means

Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1986617A (en) * 1933-09-30 1935-01-01 Gen Electric Electric valve translating circuit
US1990366A (en) * 1931-01-09 1935-02-05 Gen Electric Electric translation circuits
US1994907A (en) * 1933-09-06 1935-03-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc welding apparatus
US2010571A (en) * 1933-01-25 1935-08-06 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control means for electrical apparatus
US2103779A (en) * 1935-02-23 1937-12-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electric discharge apparatus
US2130902A (en) * 1935-10-23 1938-09-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system
US2148049A (en) * 1934-01-16 1939-02-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric valve control system
US2165911A (en) * 1938-03-05 1939-07-11 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Current control system
US2182647A (en) * 1938-02-26 1939-12-05 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor electric converter
US2222620A (en) * 1939-03-23 1940-11-26 Klemperer Hans Ignitron starter circuit
US2248600A (en) * 1940-05-03 1941-07-08 Gen Electric Electric valve circuits
US2259293A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor electric system
US2259295A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Protective system for vapor electric devices
US2259329A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Protective system for vapor electric devices
US2291092A (en) * 1941-11-26 1942-07-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system for vapor-electric valves
US2292034A (en) * 1938-11-26 1942-08-04 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc ignition circuit
US2300872A (en) * 1941-11-26 1942-11-03 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc-back protective system

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1990366A (en) * 1931-01-09 1935-02-05 Gen Electric Electric translation circuits
US2010571A (en) * 1933-01-25 1935-08-06 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control means for electrical apparatus
US1994907A (en) * 1933-09-06 1935-03-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc welding apparatus
US1986617A (en) * 1933-09-30 1935-01-01 Gen Electric Electric valve translating circuit
US2148049A (en) * 1934-01-16 1939-02-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric valve control system
US2103779A (en) * 1935-02-23 1937-12-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electric discharge apparatus
US2130902A (en) * 1935-10-23 1938-09-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system
US2182647A (en) * 1938-02-26 1939-12-05 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor electric converter
US2165911A (en) * 1938-03-05 1939-07-11 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Current control system
US2292034A (en) * 1938-11-26 1942-08-04 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc ignition circuit
US2222620A (en) * 1939-03-23 1940-11-26 Klemperer Hans Ignitron starter circuit
US2248600A (en) * 1940-05-03 1941-07-08 Gen Electric Electric valve circuits
US2259293A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor electric system
US2259295A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Protective system for vapor electric devices
US2259329A (en) * 1940-08-02 1941-10-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Protective system for vapor electric devices
US2291092A (en) * 1941-11-26 1942-07-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system for vapor-electric valves
US2300872A (en) * 1941-11-26 1942-11-03 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Arc-back protective system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3330998A (en) * 1964-07-31 1967-07-11 Allis Chaimers Mfg Company Controlled rectifier control means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE470410A (es)
ES176421A1 (es) 1947-03-01
FR941952A (fr) 1949-01-26

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