US242663A - Furnace for burning liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. LIEGEL. Furnace for Burning Liquid Fuel.

No. 242,663. Patented June 7,1881.

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UNITED ESTATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG LIEGEL, OF STBALSUND, PBUSSIA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB TO HENRY J. HUTTNER AND WILLIAM EPPELSHEIMER, BOTH ()F SANFRANGISOO,

CALIFORNIA.

FURNACE FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 242,663, dated June '7, 1881.

Application filed January 21, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORG LIEGEL, of the city of Stralsund, Kingdom of Prussia,-E111- pire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces in which tar,

petroleum, naphtha, and other fuels are consumed in the production of heat for generating steam, gas, reducing ores, 850., of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces in which liquid fuel is consumed, the object of these improvements being to more perfectly provide for the rapid decomposition of the fuel into its constituent gases, thereby fa- 5 cilitating combustion; to avoid the difliculty heretofore occurring from the accumulation of residuum, which choked the furnace and interfered with free combustion, and to provide means for consuming more completely the residuum and utilizing the heat obtained there from. I attain these objects by a plan of constructing my furnace, as illustrated in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of my furnace, taken on line a b of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, looking from the back of the furnace, taken on line 0 d and e fof Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line g h and d j of Fig. 1. Fig.4.is a ground plan of asupplytank for the fluid fuel, Fig. 5 being a vertical section of same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of my furnace as applied to a steam-boiler. Fig. 7 is a transverse section 5 of my furnace as applied to a bench ofgas-retorts. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section through my furnace, showing a modification in the form of the combustion-chamber D, hereinafter explaiued.

In all the figures of the drawings similar letters of reference refer to like parts.

In Fig. 1, A is acombustion-chamber into which the fuel descends in a liquid state, through an opening, B.

O is a hearth upon which the undecom posed fuel forming the residuum falls after most of thisfuel has been decomposed into its constituent gases by the heat of the furnace.

I) D is a secondary combustion-chamber with sides all converging at the bottom, so as toleave only anarrow opening or slot, E, through which air is admitted to pass through the fuel held in this prismatic-shaped bed.

Below the slot E are twoiron bars, F, resting on the cross-bars Gr, set in the masonry. 5 These bars F protect the edges of the slot E. They may beclosed together or spread apart to regulate the width of the slot and consequent volume of air admitted, and they may be set corresponding with the slot E, either cleaning of the interior of the furnace of ashes,

to draw the coke forward, &c. On this door is a sliding cover, K, adjusted to open and close 7 5 by set-screws. Through this opening airis admitted when the fire is first started, and at any other time that air may be needed in excess of what may be supplied through the slot E.

L L are air-channels in the walls ofthe fur- 8o nace, and communicating with the combustionchamber Aby a series of funnel-shaped holes,

M M. The air becomes heated in its passage along these channels from the heat communicated through the walls of the furnace. These 8 5 channels may be partly or entirely closed by dampers N, thus regulating the quantity of air admitted through these channels to the combustion-chamber A.

O is the ash-pit.

If the size of the furnace warrants it, there may be two or more slots, E. In Figs. 4 and 5, the supply-tank is shown. It is of common construction, having heatingcoils P P and a strainer, Q, covering the dis- 5 charge-hole.

A siphon, R, leading from the dischargecock may be adjusted by turning it to any inclination so as to adjust the head or force of discharge. This siphon leads through a funnelpipe, S, into the opening B of the furnace, the tank being placed at any convenient point above.

The operation of my furnace is as follows: When the fire is to be started some wood is to be introduced into the chamber D through the door I, and fired through the lower door, J. A few shovelfuls of coal or coke may be added. The slide cover K is at this time left open sufficiently to give a draft. As soon as the fire is well started the slide K is closed and the liquid fuel is admitted to the chamber A. About every half-hour the residuum, which accumulates in the form of coke on the hearth C, may be scraped forward with a suitable scraper through the door J into the prismatic bed of the chamber D, where it will be consumed, the ashes being scraped out or falling through the slot E into the ash-pit O.

From some liquid fuels but little residuum is obtained, and with others the decomposition into their constituent gases is slow, and frequently the fuel will run in a liquid state into the fire-bed in the chamber D. Itis therefore necessary, in my furnace, to provide a fire-bed in the chamber D which will hold the residuum coke, however little there may be, in a compact form, so as to prevent the liquid fuel from running through it into the ash-pit. For this reason I provide the peculiar-shaped prismatic or similarly-shaped bed, with the slot E in the center, a form ot'fire-bcd which will most effectually hold the fluid in suspension until consumed. In some cases a little fine fuel must be added to the fire, as the residuum will not be plentiful enough.

In explanation of Fig. 8, I have to say: It is desirable that the air admitted to the combustion-chamber shall be alloived to enter with the least resistance, and also that it shall be heated before mixing with the gases in the furnace, so as to avoid reducing the temperature. Now, with a fuel-bed of prismatic form, as described, when the air is admitted through the slot E it has to pass through a deep and compact fuel-bed, and much force of draft is required to obtain a proper air-supply, while if the air is admitted freely through the opening J it will be cold on entering the chamber; so, to avoid both these difficulties, I form an auxiliary fire bed,T, (which will contain loose fuel scraped forward from the main chamber, through which the air-supply may easily pass from the oblong opening U,) by building a separating-wall, V, across the furnace, as shown. This fire-place will have its grate-bars W of proper shape, and, if desired, the opening U maybe operated with a damper-door or closed entirely, if the air-supply should be sufficient without it.

The bars F forming the sides of the slot E, as before suggested, may be set upon an incline. When this is done care must be taken in setting them, that they may be easily with drawn when needing renewal. No masonry should be built around them, so as to prevent them being drawn out and others being set in their place.

What I claim as, my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s

1. In furnaces burning liquid fuel, the combustion -chamber A, when provided with a hearth,0,arranged to receive and accumulate any residuum produced from the fuel, in combination with a fire-chamber, D, into which said residuum may periodically be raked and therein consumed, substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In furnaces burning liquid fuel, the combustion-chamberA,separate from but opening into afire-chamber in front, across which chamberA the draft from fire-chamber passes, when said chamber A is provided witha roof havin g the fuel-feed hole B pierced therethrough, so as to give the greatest fall to the fuel through the cross-draft, thereby more thoroughly disintegrating the particles of fuel before combustion and avoiding combustion at the mouth of feed-hole to cause incrustation or accumulation of residuum thereon.

3. In furnaces consuming liquid fuel, the fire-chamber D, in which the residuum from the fuel is consumed, in combination with a separate chamber, A, in which the residuum is collected and temporarily stored, to be afterward fed upon the fire as desired, as a means of controlling the supply of residuum upon the lire independent of the feeding of the liquid fuel, thereby preventing the furnace from becoming choked, substantially as herein described. v

4. In a furnace consuming liquid fuel, the fire-chamber D, having a fuel-bed with oppositely-sloping sides converging to a central slot, E, at bottom of fuel-bed, (whereby the fuel is completelysupported and permanently held by the said sloping sides independent of any bottom grates,) for the purpose of obtainin g a compact and deeper bed of incandescent fuel, in which any unconsumed liquid fuel is held in suspension and more thoroughly prevented from running through the fire-bed into the ash-pit, substantially as herein described.

5. In furnaces consuming liquid fuel and having the prismatic-shaped fire-bed D, the auxiliary fire-bed T, formed by partitioning off the front part of fire-bed by the wall V, through which chamber or tire-bed T a properly-heated air-supply may be freely admitted to the furnace, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

GEORG LIEGEL.

Witnesses: Y

W. NETZER. E. RIOKMANN.

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