US2423548A - Electrical connector - Google Patents

Electrical connector Download PDF

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Publication number
US2423548A
US2423548A US589432A US58943245A US2423548A US 2423548 A US2423548 A US 2423548A US 589432 A US589432 A US 589432A US 58943245 A US58943245 A US 58943245A US 2423548 A US2423548 A US 2423548A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
connector
contact
laminations
contact member
electrical connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US589432A
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English (en)
Inventor
Basil A Bels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hazeltine Research Inc
Original Assignee
Hazeltine Research Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE474885D priority Critical patent/BE474885A/xx
Application filed by Hazeltine Research Inc filed Critical Hazeltine Research Inc
Priority to US589432A priority patent/US2423548A/en
Priority to GB11417/46A priority patent/GB610673A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2423548A publication Critical patent/US2423548A/en
Priority to FR950939D priority patent/FR950939A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/54—Amplifiers using transit-time effect in tubes or semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical connectors and, particularly, to such connectors which are adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member. While the invention is of general application, it has particular utility as an electrode terminal connector for use with vacuum tubes oi' the type having an electrode terminal sealed through, or directly supported by, a wall of an evacuated glass envelope and will be described in that connection,
  • the anode lterminal connector in such case must not only provide the required electrical connection to the, anode terminal, but additionally must firmly engage most of surface of the latter and be capable of furnishing a path of low thermal resistance to a them-al-dissipative surface it adequate cooling of the anode terminal is to be.
  • anode connector is of split construction adapted to beL placed over the anode terminal and clamped thereto.
  • the anode connector be simply slipped bodily over the anode terminal without subseing the manner of attaining the required rm thermal contact over a largecontaot area particularly since the force required to effect complete engagement of the connector and terminal cannot be large without danger of fracture of the tube glass envelope.
  • the vacuum tube be physically inserted axially into operative position and that, during such insertion, the anode terminal and possibly one or more electrode terminals fully engage xed electrical connectors provided therefor.
  • the anode terminal in these tubes usually is positioned axially of the tube envelope at the inserted end thereof. It is quite difllcult in practice accurately vto center and axially to align the anode terminal at the 'time it is sealed to the glass envelope of the tube.
  • the anode terminal connector consequently must additionally be capable of permitting small lateral and angular departures from coincidence of the axes of the terminal and connector without placing undue strain on the terminal since this strain would be transmitted directly to the glass seal and would tend to fracture it.
  • an electrical connector adapted to engage an f' maar approximately cylindrical contact member, comprises stacked laminations oi resilient conductive material having nested V-shaped contact fingers arched normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about such common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of fthe contact surface with that of the contact member when the latter is positioned in engaging relation with the contact surface.
  • 'I'he connector is thus adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with the contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete engagement of the member with the connector.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a high-frequency wave-signal oscillator which utilizes electrical connectors embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2a is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of a portion of the electrical connector of the present invention, while Fig. 2b is a top view of the stacked laminations thereof
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a method of forming the connector laminations.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawings there is illustrated a high-frequency wave-signal oscillator which utilizes electrical connectors embodying the present invention.
  • This oscillator is disclosed and claimed in a copending application of Harold A. Wheeler, entitled Ultra-short-wave signal-translating device, Serial No. 565,828, filed November 30, 1944, and assigned to the same assignee as the present application. Reference is made to this copending application for a detailed description of the oscillator and its mode of operation.
  • the oscillator includes a first or anode cavity resonator I and a second or cathode cavity resonator I I which is capacitively coupled to the resonator I0 by a probe I2 arranged to extend through an aperture I3 in a diaphragm I4 separating the cavity resonators Ill and II.
  • the cavity resonator I0 includes a cylindrical hollow outer conductor I5 and a cylindrical hollow inner conductor I5 which are maintained in fixed coaxial relationship by insulating spacers I'l secured between the conductors I5 and I6 at points suitably spaced around the circumference thereof.
  • the disc IB has a centrally positioned concentric aperture with a concentric shoulder Ila upon which is secured by machine screws IIb a stack of laminations IS more fully described herelnafter
  • the outer conductor I5 of the cavity resonator is ⁇ losed at its end opposite the diaphragm I4 by a disc 2I which supports, in coaxial relation with the conductor I5, a cylindrical conductor 22 of diameter appreciably smaller than that of the inner conductor I6.
  • 'I'he conductor 22 effectively forms a re-entrant portion of the outer conductor I5 and is used for purposes of tuning the resonator Ill.
  • the second or cathode resonator II similarly includes an outer hollow cylindrical conductor Il', which may be an extension of the conductor Il, and an inner hollow cylindrical conductor 2l which is supported by a conductive ring 2l in coaxial relation with the outer conductor Il'.
  • a conductive ring 25 is positioned between and electrically engages the inner and outer conductors 22 and I5', this ring being adjustable axially along these conductors for purposes of tuning thc cathode cavity resonator.
  • the end of the inner conductor 23 adjacent the diaphragm Il is closed by a disc 2l having a centrally positioned coaxial aperture and forming an element of an electrical connector 21 similar in construction to that of the electrical connector 2l.
  • the diaphragm Il likewise has a centrally positioned coaxial aperture in which is secured an electrical connector 2l oi' a type disclosed and claimed in applicant's copending application entitled Electrical connector, Serial No. 571,610, flied January 6, 1945, and assigned to the same assignee as the present application.
  • a vacuum tube 2l has an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member or anode terminal Il hermetically sealed to one end of a cylindrical glass envelope portion II. a conductive grid terminal disc l2 which is hermetically sealed between the envelope portion II and a second cylindrical glass envelope portion Il. and a conductive cathode terminal 24 sealed to one end of theglasslenvelope portion 32.
  • 'I'he tube 2! is insertable axially through the center o1 the hollow conductor 2l of the cathode cavity resonator II into operative position with its anode terminal Il engaging the electrical connector 2l, its grid terminal disc I2 engaging the electrical connector 2l and its cathode terminal Il engaging the electrical connector 21.
  • Por purposes o( simplicity, certain electrical connectors which extend out of the dat base ofthe tube 2'! are not shown nor is the means shown for maintaining tube 25 in the operative position described.
  • oscillations developed in the cathode cavity resonator II are repeated 4by the vacuum tube 2l to the anode cavity resonator Il and a portion of the oscillatory energy developed in the latter ls applied by the probe I2 back to the cathode cavity resonator II to maintain sustained oscillation of the oscillator.
  • the anode terminal Il of the tube 2l be electrically connected by the electrical connector 20 through the disc Il thereof and the inner conductor I5 of the anode cavity resonator I0 to a. source of anode potential indicated as +B.
  • the vacuum tube 2! during operation translates sufficient power that the temperature of the anode terminal 30 is raised to a high value. There is consequently danger of fracturing the glass seal between the anode terminal 3l and the tube envelope portion 3l unless thermal energy is conducted rapidly away from the anode terminal.
  • the electrical connector 20 make good thermal contact with the anode terminal I0 over a maior portion of the surface of the latter and that the connector provide a path of good thermal conductivity to the conductor I5 in order that the latter may act as thermal radiators to maintain the anode terminal 30 at a relatively low safe temperature.
  • An additional requirement of the electrical connector 20 is that it must accommodate eccentricities of the anode terminal Iland permit relative departure's from coincidencefot the axes of the-anodeterminaland the connector while the vacuum tube 29 is in its operative position in the oscillator and also'v during insertion and withdrawal thereof. Otherwise a mechanical strain is placed upon the anode terminal' 30 which mayfracture the seal betweenthe anode terminal and the tube envelope portion 3i'. For a like reason,
  • the electrical connector 20 ⁇ must minimize the l0 force required to effect complete engagement and disengagement of the anode terminal' 30 with the connector.
  • the connector which asy heretofore explained is adapted to engage the approximately cylindrical conductive contact member-30, comprises stacked laminations I9 of resilient conductive material having nested V- shaped contact lingers 35 arched normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis o-o to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface S normally symmetrical about the common axis o-o but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of the contact surface S with that of the contact member 30 when the member is posi.- tioned in engaging relation with the surface S.
  • the material of the laminations I9 may. for example, be beryllium copper and each lamination preferably is silver-plated to reduce the resistance of the connector for high-frequency wave signals.
  • the connector includes vring-shaped spacing laminations 38 inserted between the laminations I9 at the outer ends of the contact lingers 35. It is the purpose of the'spacing laminatlons 33 to maintain the laminations* I3 slightly spaced along the entire lengths oi' the contact fingers 35 to permit increased conjoint flexibility of the laminations at the inner ends of the fingers so that the latter, over a limited range of movement, may flex: individually.
  • Each I of the laminations I9 is formed of sheet material having a concentric indentation 31 of V-shaped cross section, normal ⁇ to the plane of lamination, formed in one face thereof, as by arolling, spinning or stamping operation, to. a depth much greater than the thickness of thelaminatlon.
  • each of the laminations I9 has an aperture 38 centrally positioned with relation to the indentation 31 and concentric with the axis o-o of the connector.
  • the contact fingers 35 are formed by serrating the laminations I9 radially with respect to the axis lo---o to a radial depth approximately equal to the outer diameter of the indentation 31.
  • a relatively rigid ring 39 shown more clearly in Figs. 2a and 2b, preferably is used tov maintain the laminations I9 firmly clamped in assembled relation.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a suitable method by which the laminations I9 are formed.
  • the concentric groove 31 is rst stamped into one face of the maf teria] while at the same time the central portion, indicated by the broken-line portion 40, of
  • the disc is pressed upwardly above the'face of the 75 s. disc.
  • the central portion Il of the disc is punched out to provide thecentrai aperture 3l' and the disc is then slotted radially by asawing or punching operation to provide thev contact nsers 3B.
  • the serrations may beformed by the same die which punches out the central portion lil of the lamination.
  • the laminations i9 be stacked in assembled relation and the central aperture 33 be then ground ⁇ or lapped toadiameter slightly smaller than that of the contact member with which the connector is used. This ensures the maximum area of contact surface of the ends of the fingers 33 with the contact member and at the Sametime removes any burrs which may be formed at the inner ends of the contact fingers during oneor more of the forming steps previously described.
  • the contact surface S of the connector may be brushed with a steel-wire brush ⁇ rotating about the axis o-o of the laminations. This brushing operation serves primarily to remove any burrs at the inner ends of the contact fingers.
  • the aperture 3B of the connectorj have a diameter a few thousandths of an inch smaller than the diameter of the anode terminal in order that the laminations at the inner ends of the contact fingers 35 may flex over a limited range of movement as indivi ual laminations substantially out of contact w th one another. This reduces to a kveryminimum the force required to make vand to break contact of the anode terminal withy the connector while yet ensuring adequate and consistent thermal and electrical contact therebetween.
  • the diii'erence in diameters of the ⁇ aperture 33 and the anode terminal member was made of the order of 0.005 to 0.010 inch.
  • each contact finger of an individual lamination lies substantially in theplane lamination since this introduces a very slight locking effect against withdrawal of the contact member from fully engaged relation with the connector.-
  • the contact fingers were so formed thatthe ends thereof extended 0.30 inch above the planeof the serration roots.
  • an electrical connector embodying the invention provides positive, consistent and substantially uniform-electrical' and'thermal contact with a cylindrical contact member when the latter is in engaging relation therewith.
  • the force required to effect complete engagement of the contact member with the connector is minimized while, at the same time, relative lateral and angular departures from coincidence of the axes of the connector and contact member are permitted.
  • the electrical connector is of relatively simple and inexpensive construction and is well adapted to mass production techniques.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, stacked laminations of resilient conductive material having nested V- shaped contact fingers arched normal to the plane of' lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, whereby said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete engagement of said member with said connector.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, stacked laminations of resilient conductive material having nested V- shaped contact fingers arched normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a. common ax'm to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, and means for spacing said laminations at the outer ends of said contact fingers tc permit increased conjoint flexibility of said laminations at the inner ends of said fingers, whereby said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete engagement of' said member with said connector.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, stacked laminations of resilient conductive material having nested V- shaped contact fingers arched normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, and spacing laminations inserted between said first-mentioned laminations at the outer ends of said contact fingers to permit increased conjoint flexibility of the inner ends of said fingers, whereby 8 said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete en- :agement oi said member with said connector.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, stacked laminations of resilient conductive material having nested V- shaped contact fingers arched normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis to provide at their inner ends a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, a mounting member having a surface for supporting said laminations at the outer ends of said contact fingers, and means for securing said laminations to said mounting member to provide a unitary connector structure, whereby said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete engagement oi said member with said connector.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, a plurality of laminations each of resilient conductive sheet material having integrally formed contact fingers arched to have s V-shaped configuration normal to the plane of lamination and extending radially with respect to a common axis, said laminations being stacked with said contact fingers in nested relation to provide at the inner ends of said fingers a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, whereby said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force required to effect completc engagement of said member with said conntcr.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, a plurality of laminations of resilient conductive sheet material each having a central aperture with radial serrations extending therefrom to provide a plurality of integrally formed contact fingers arched to have a V-shaped configuration normal to the plane of lamination and-extending radially with respect to a common axis, said laminations being stacked with said contact fingers in nested relation to provide at the inner ends of said fingers a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis of said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface, whereby said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said 70. contact member while minimizing the force required to effect complete engagement of said member with said connector.
  • An electrical connector adapted to engage an approximately cylindrical conductive contact member comprising, a plurality of laminations y 9 each oi' resilient conductive sheetmaterial having a ring indentation of V-shaped ring section formed in one falce thereof to a depth much greater than the thickness of said lamination and having an aperture centrally of said indentation with radial serrations extending therefrom to provide a plurality of integrally formed V-shaped contact lfingers arched in a direction normal to the plane of laminations and extending radially "with respect to a common axis, said laminations being stacked with said contact' lingers in nested relation to provide at the inner ends of saidl fingers a cylindrical laminated contact surface normally symmetrical about said common axis but deformable to maintain coincidence of the axis -oi said contact surface with that of said contact member when said member is positioned in engaging relation with said surface.
  • said connector is adapted to ensure consistent and substantially uniform electrical and thermal contact with said contact member while minimizing the force

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
US589432A 1945-04-20 1945-04-20 Electrical connector Expired - Lifetime US2423548A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE474885D BE474885A (en)van) 1945-04-20
US589432A US2423548A (en) 1945-04-20 1945-04-20 Electrical connector
GB11417/46A GB610673A (en) 1945-04-20 1946-04-13 Electrical connector
FR950939D FR950939A (fr) 1945-04-20 1947-08-04 Connexion électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US589432A US2423548A (en) 1945-04-20 1945-04-20 Electrical connector

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US2423548A true US2423548A (en) 1947-07-08

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US589432A Expired - Lifetime US2423548A (en) 1945-04-20 1945-04-20 Electrical connector

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BE (1) BE474885A (en)van)
FR (1) FR950939A (en)van)
GB (1) GB610673A (en)van)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490968A (en) * 1946-07-30 1949-12-13 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency transmitter
US2510639A (en) * 1948-03-02 1950-06-06 Gen Electric Cavity resonator system
US2521945A (en) * 1946-02-21 1950-09-12 Hazeltine Research Inc Connector arranged for conducting heat and high-frequency currents
US2615998A (en) * 1948-01-31 1952-10-28 Fed Telephone & Radio Corp Multistage cascade amplifier
US2637782A (en) * 1947-11-28 1953-05-05 Motorola Inc Resonant cavity filter
US2762990A (en) * 1952-11-13 1956-09-11 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Contact member for disc-shaped electrode connections
DK82380C (da) * 1952-11-13 1957-03-11 Philips Nv Kontaktorgan til skiveformede elektrodeforbindelser.
US2973499A (en) * 1958-03-12 1961-02-28 Amp Inc Socket connector means for circuit board
US3008112A (en) * 1958-03-12 1961-11-07 Amp Inc Connector means for circuit board
US3614717A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-10-19 Coq Utrecht Nv Electric contact devices
US3648222A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-03-07 Bunker Ramo Electrical connector having laminated contact element
US20110008998A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-01-13 Andrew Llc Interleaved Outer Conductor Shield Contact
WO2011053440A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-05-05 Andrew Llc Interleaved outer conductor shield contact
CN102640358A (zh) * 2009-11-02 2012-08-15 安德鲁有限责任公司 交错外导体屏蔽接触件

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB369342A (en) * 1931-02-16 1932-03-24 Johnson And Phillips Ltd Improvements in or relating to plug contacts
DE552995C (de) * 1932-06-20 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Steckerbuechse fuer Stiftkontakte groesserer Stromstaerken
GB519478A (en) * 1937-10-18 1940-03-28 Francesco Zuanazzi A plug and socket electrical coupling

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE552995C (de) * 1932-06-20 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Steckerbuechse fuer Stiftkontakte groesserer Stromstaerken
GB369342A (en) * 1931-02-16 1932-03-24 Johnson And Phillips Ltd Improvements in or relating to plug contacts
GB519478A (en) * 1937-10-18 1940-03-28 Francesco Zuanazzi A plug and socket electrical coupling

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2521945A (en) * 1946-02-21 1950-09-12 Hazeltine Research Inc Connector arranged for conducting heat and high-frequency currents
US2490968A (en) * 1946-07-30 1949-12-13 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency transmitter
US2637782A (en) * 1947-11-28 1953-05-05 Motorola Inc Resonant cavity filter
US2615998A (en) * 1948-01-31 1952-10-28 Fed Telephone & Radio Corp Multistage cascade amplifier
US2510639A (en) * 1948-03-02 1950-06-06 Gen Electric Cavity resonator system
DK82380C (da) * 1952-11-13 1957-03-11 Philips Nv Kontaktorgan til skiveformede elektrodeforbindelser.
US2762990A (en) * 1952-11-13 1956-09-11 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Contact member for disc-shaped electrode connections
US2973499A (en) * 1958-03-12 1961-02-28 Amp Inc Socket connector means for circuit board
US3008112A (en) * 1958-03-12 1961-11-07 Amp Inc Connector means for circuit board
US3614717A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-10-19 Coq Utrecht Nv Electric contact devices
US3648222A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-03-07 Bunker Ramo Electrical connector having laminated contact element
US20110008998A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-01-13 Andrew Llc Interleaved Outer Conductor Shield Contact
WO2011053440A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-05-05 Andrew Llc Interleaved outer conductor shield contact
US8449327B2 (en) * 2008-11-05 2013-05-28 Andrew Llc Interleaved outer conductor spring contact for a coaxial connector
CN102640358A (zh) * 2009-11-02 2012-08-15 安德鲁有限责任公司 交错外导体屏蔽接触件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE474885A (en)van)
FR950939A (fr) 1949-10-11
GB610673A (en) 1948-10-19

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