US2418906A - Breech bolt retracting means - Google Patents

Breech bolt retracting means Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2418906A
US2418906A US533568A US53356844A US2418906A US 2418906 A US2418906 A US 2418906A US 533568 A US533568 A US 533568A US 53356844 A US53356844 A US 53356844A US 2418906 A US2418906 A US 2418906A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pawl
housing
lever
bolt
retracting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US533568A
Inventor
Frederick W Sampson
George J Hyde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
General Motors Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Motors Corp filed Critical General Motors Corp
Priority to US533568A priority Critical patent/US2418906A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2418906A publication Critical patent/US2418906A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F41A15/16—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on the breech housing or frame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/34—Cocking mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved breech retracting means fora iirearm having afreciproeating breech member and more particularlyv to such means suitable for application to a firearm of the type commonly referred toas a submachine gunformachine pistol.
  • ⁇ It is the primary object of this invention to produceva. dependable breech retractingmeans which does not partake of movement of thebreech member during ⁇ automaticiire and does not therefore have any exposed moving parts which might injure hands ⁇ or clothing or detract from the eili- ,ciency of the Vweapons operation in confined spaces or in heavy undergrowth.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial, Vlongitudinal ⁇ sectionalview through a rearm embodying our invention
  • Figs. ⁇ 2 and 3 are partial longitudinal sectional views taken in the same plane as Fig. 1 but showing the mechanism indifferent stages of operation; ⁇
  • Fig. 4 is anlenploded ⁇ pictorial view of the parts making Jup the cooking mechanism
  • Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on the linez-- of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 isa cross-sectional view on lline 6 6 of Fig. 1.
  • a drawn sheet metal housing 44 is shaped to conform to the exterior contour of the receiver and is lprovided at its front end with a tongue 45 engaging Va slot in the magazine housing 3 and at its rear end with a tongue 46 engaging a slot in the lower portion of the receiver.
  • Matching apertures 4l and 48 are provided in the housing lili and in that portion of the receiver opposed thereto.
  • the trigger guard i9 is formed of resil- V ient material and is provided with shoulders .49a
  • the housing forms a support for-the retracting mechanism, to be described in detail below and the ejector 52 which is riveted or otherwise secured thereto and extends upwardly into a, position vto be received in a groove 53 in the bolt in position to engage the head of a cartridge gripped by the ⁇ extractor and impel same upwardly andfto .the right as the bolt recoilsupon firing.
  • a stop tongue 54 cooperating with the'retracting mechanism in a manner to be described hereinafter, it cut from the rear edge of the ejector and turned inwardly acrosslthe housing.
  • a beech-retracting handle 55 is provided with an axle 55a pivotally mounted in the lower portion of the housing 44.
  • an axle 55a pivotally mounted in the lower portion of the housing 44.
  • Within the housing a portionof the axle isflattened and carries thereon a torsion spring 56 and a retracting leverarm 5T iwhich so engages the flattened portion 'of the axle thatit is :constrained to rotatetherewith;
  • boththe handle and the retracting lever arm tend to-swing forwardly ⁇ in the direction of the magazine housin position to engage the heel 6
  • the heel of the pawl engages the arched cam surface 44a as the retracting lever arxn nears its forward position, thus rocking the pawl downwardly and to the rear about its pivot.
  • the spring 56 will have to be capable of exerting greater force than the spring 59.
  • the tongue 54 on the ejector extends across the path of the pawl and aids the cam surface 44a in removing the pawl from the path of the bolt and in preventing the pawl from assuming a position in which improper assembly might be possible when the housing is attached to the receiver.
  • the spring 59 will urge the pawl upwardly into the groove 62 in the lower face of the bolt and into a position in which the toe 63 of the pawl engages a depression E4 in the rear end of the groove. Further retraction of the handle will result in carrying the bolt ⁇ rearwardly with the pawl into a position in which the Sear 26 engages and retains the bolt. Releasing the retracting handle will permit the handle, lever arm, and pawl to return to their inactive forward position in which there is no connection with the bolt and in which position the cooking mechanism may remain until such time as it is again necessary to cock the mechanism manually.
  • a reciprocating firearm member a lever journaled in the firearm, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an ⁇ extensionV portion in longitudinal alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said lever, means causing said pawl to engage the firearm member when the lever is actuated in one direction and means engaging said extension portion when said lever is moved in the reverse direction whereby said pawl is drawn clear of the path of the firearm member.
  • a firearm cooking mechanism comprising a housing, a lever journaled in the housing, means to swing the lever, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion longitudinally in alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said lever, a spring abutting sa'id lever tending to bias the same to an idle position, Spring means Vtending to swing the pawl member toward a position in substantial prolongation of the lever, and means on the housing engaging said extension portion as the lever approaches its idle position to cause said pawl portion to assume a pivoted back position on the lever when the levez ⁇ is in idle position.
  • a member to be cocked a housing, a crank, a spindle fixed to the crank and journaled in the housing, a lever arm within the housing and engaging the spindle to be rotated thereby, a spring engaging the housing and the lever arm and tending to bias the crank and the lever arm t0 a forward idle position, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion in longitudinal alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said leverarm, spring means engagedbetween the pawl portion and the lever arm and biasing the pawl member toward a position for engagement with the member to be cocked, andfmeans on the housing engaging said extension portion when the lever is in idle position to hold the pawl portion away from engagement with the member to be cocked.
  • a reciprocating firing member including a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion inlongitudinal alignment therewith, a crank means operatively connected to said pawl member intermediate said pawl portion and said extension portion, means causing said pawl portion to engage said firing member to cock the same when the crank means is moved in a rearm cooking dlrection, and means arranged to engage said extension portion to remove said pawl portion from the path of said firing member when said crank means is moved in a direction opposite to said cooking direction to a non-operating position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

pril 15, 1947.
F. W.. SAMPSON ET AL BREECH BOLT RETRACTING MEANS Filed May 1, 1944 44- gaa/uvm FREDERICK W. `EAM P513 N,
33 afmv far/WL@ @www Patented Apr. 15, 1947 J..Hyde, Brooklyn, N. Y.. assignors to General Motors Corporation, a corporation of Dela- Wale Application May 1, 1944, serial No. 533,568
4 Claims.
This invention relates to an improved breech retracting means fora iirearm having afreciproeating breech member and more particularlyv to such means suitable for application to a firearm of the type commonly referred toas a submachine gunformachine pistol.
`It is the primary object of this invention to produceva. dependable breech retractingmeans which does not partake of movement of thebreech member during `automaticiire and does not therefore have any exposed moving parts which might injure hands `or clothing or detract from the eili- ,ciency of the Vweapons operation in confined spaces or in heavy undergrowth.
Itis-1a' further object to provide a breech retractingi system for rearms which may be mountedand Awhich can be operated 'without necessitating the provision of openings `or* slots in the wall oflthe rearm which can be obstructed' by dirt or foreign material. The exact nature .of the inventionY as -well `as other objects and advantages thereof will be clearly apparent from an examination ofthe following specincation referring to drawing in which:
. Fig. 1 is a partial, Vlongitudinal` sectionalview through a rearm embodying our invention;
Figs. `2 and 3 are partial longitudinal sectional views taken in the same plane as Fig. 1 but showing the mechanism indifferent stages of operation;`
Fig. 4 is anlenploded` pictorial view of the parts making Jup the cooking mechanism;
Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on the linez-- of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 isa cross-sectional view on lline 6 6 of Fig. 1.
. `Referring `to the drawing by characters of reference it will be seen that the firearm shown therein is of the same general type as that disclosedin our copending applications for U.. S. Lettersf Patent bearing .Serial Nos. 533,566; 533,567; 5331.569 ;and53.3,570, led May l, 1944, ini which the annexed the structure disclosed but not claimed in this application is claimed, and comprises a receiver I having mounted therein a reciprocating bolt ID. The construction shown herein `mounts the bolt lil onspa'ced guide rods l5 surrounded bydriving springs l1 which impel the bolt forwardly into battery position. The particular retracting means to be described hereinafter is not however limited to this construction as it is applicable to the problem of retracting any reciprocating member.
A drawn sheet metal housing 44 is shaped to conform to the exterior contour of the receiver and is lprovided at its front end with a tongue 45 engaging Va slot in the magazine housing 3 and at its rear end with a tongue 46 engaging a slot in the lower portion of the receiver. Matching apertures 4l and 48 are provided in the housing lili and in that portion of the receiver opposed thereto. The trigger guard i9 is formed of resil- V ient material and is provided with shoulders .49a
which will not pass through the matching apertures 41 and 48 and with an arched tongue.V 5D which does pass through the apertures intolcontact with the inner wall of the receiver. `It will be apparent that when the trigger guard is bent upwardly against its own resiliency into a position in which the tongue 5I may snap into an aperture 2a in the grip portion of the receiver that the housingwillbe securely retained in place. It will be noted that the side walls of the housing over;- lap the side walls of the receiver and thatV the lower housing forms a complete closure for the openings in the lower portion of the receiver. In addition to serving .as a closure for the lower part of the receiver the housing forms a support for-the retracting mechanism, to be described in detail below and the ejector 52 which is riveted or otherwise secured thereto and extends upwardly into a, position vto be received in a groove 53 in the bolt in position to engage the head of a cartridge gripped by the `extractor and impel same upwardly andfto .the right as the bolt recoilsupon firing. A stop tongue 54, cooperating with the'retracting mechanism in a manner to be described hereinafter, it cut from the rear edge of the ejector and turned inwardly acrosslthe housing.
A beech-retracting handle 55 is provided with an axle 55a pivotally mounted in the lower portion of the housing 44. Within the housing a portionof the axle isflattened and carries thereon a torsion spring 56 and a retracting leverarm 5T iwhich so engages the flattened portion 'of the axle thatit is :constrained to rotatetherewith;
and under the innuence oi the'spri'ng 56 boththe handle and the retracting lever arm tend to-swing forwardly `in the direction of the magazine housin position to engage the heel 6| of the pawl and prevent damage to the spring in the event of displacement of the retracting handle from its idle position during intervals when the housing may have been removed from the receiver. It will also be noted that the heel of the pawl engages the arched cam surface 44a as the retracting lever arxn nears its forward position, thus rocking the pawl downwardly and to the rear about its pivot. Obviously in order to accomplish this Vresult the spring 56 will have to be capable of exerting greater force than the spring 59. This camming action positively removes the pawl from the path of the bolt during automatic operationof the arm. The tongue 54 on the ejector extends across the path of the pawl and aids the cam surface 44a in removing the pawl from the path of the bolt and in preventing the pawl from assuming a position in which improper assembly might be possible when the housing is attached to the receiver.
As the reti-acting handle is swung rearwardly against the action of the spring 56 the spring 59 will urge the pawl upwardly into the groove 62 in the lower face of the bolt and into a position in which the toe 63 of the pawl engages a depression E4 in the rear end of the groove. Further retraction of the handle will result in carrying the bolt `rearwardly with the pawl into a position in which the Sear 26 engages and retains the bolt. Releasing the retracting handle will permit the handle, lever arm, and pawl to return to their inactive forward position in which there is no connection with the bolt and in which position the cooking mechanism may remain until such time as it is again necessary to cock the mechanism manually. It will be noted that the mechanism shown herein does not present any exposed parts which partake of movement of the bolt during automatic re and that there is therefore no danger that hands or clothing will be injured during automatic fire. At the same time however, there is provided a most convenient cooking handle which by an easy natural movement will engage itself with and cock the mechanism.
i Itwill also be noted that this mechanism functions Without requiring the provision of openings, slots, or track guided members which might permit the entrance of dirt into the interior mechanism or which might in themselves be obstructed by dirt or foreign materials.
Although this mechanism finds its greatest utility as a breech retracting means for an automatic firearm it will be obvious that similar means might be applied to the intermittent manual operation of any reciprocating member.
We claim:
1., In a firearm, the combination of a reciprocating firearm member, a lever journaled in the firearm, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an `extensionV portion in longitudinal alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said lever, means causing said pawl to engage the firearm member when the lever is actuated in one direction and means engaging said extension portion when said lever is moved in the reverse direction whereby said pawl is drawn clear of the path of the firearm member. Y
2. A firearm cooking mechanism comprising a housing, a lever journaled in the housing, means to swing the lever, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion longitudinally in alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said lever, a spring abutting sa'id lever tending to bias the same to an idle position, Spring means Vtending to swing the pawl member toward a position in substantial prolongation of the lever, and means on the housing engaging said extension portion as the lever approaches its idle position to cause said pawl portion to assume a pivoted back position on the lever when the levez` is in idle position.
3. In a firearm, the combination of a member to be cocked, a housing, a crank, a spindle fixed to the crank and journaled in the housing, a lever arm within the housing and engaging the spindle to be rotated thereby, a spring engaging the housing and the lever arm and tending to bias the crank and the lever arm t0 a forward idle position, a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion in longitudinal alignment therewith, means intermediate said portions pivotally mounting said pawl member on said leverarm, spring means engagedbetween the pawl portion and the lever arm and biasing the pawl member toward a position for engagement with the member to be cocked, andfmeans on the housing engaging said extension portion when the lever is in idle position to hold the pawl portion away from engagement with the member to be cocked.
4. In an automatic rearm, the combination of a reciprocating firing member, a cooking mechanism therefor including a pawl member having a pawl portion and an extension portion inlongitudinal alignment therewith, a crank means operatively connected to said pawl member intermediate said pawl portion and said extension portion, means causing said pawl portion to engage said firing member to cock the same when the crank means is moved in a rearm cooking dlrection, and means arranged to engage said extension portion to remove said pawl portion from the path of said firing member when said crank means is moved in a direction opposite to said cooking direction to a non-operating position.
FREDERICK W. SAMPSON. GEORGE J. HYDE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:
UNITED STATES PA'I'ENTS Y Date German Feb. 7, 1924
US533568A 1944-05-01 1944-05-01 Breech bolt retracting means Expired - Lifetime US2418906A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US533568A US2418906A (en) 1944-05-01 1944-05-01 Breech bolt retracting means

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US533568A US2418906A (en) 1944-05-01 1944-05-01 Breech bolt retracting means

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2418906A true US2418906A (en) 1947-04-15

Family

ID=24126535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US533568A Expired - Lifetime US2418906A (en) 1944-05-01 1944-05-01 Breech bolt retracting means

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2418906A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2599177A (en) * 1950-05-19 1952-06-03 Harry H Holroyd Tear gas gun
EP0197245A1 (en) * 1985-02-01 1986-10-15 Heckler & Koch GmbH Actuating device for the cocking of an automatic handgun
US20160356564A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Smith & Wesson Corp. Ambidextrous Charging Handle
US9909826B2 (en) * 2015-06-05 2018-03-06 Bravo Company Mfg, Inc. Charging handle with cog and spring

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US237357A (en) * 1881-02-01 John ztiudoeff
US534894A (en) * 1895-02-26 Magazine gun
GB190010391A (en) * 1900-06-06 1901-09-06 Neil Clark Brodie Improvements in Hammerless Repeating Pistols and other Small Arms
US785085A (en) * 1903-01-16 1905-03-21 Bethel Burton Automatic firearm.
US1003790A (en) * 1910-10-24 1911-09-19 Ermenegildo Pordon Gun.
US1057171A (en) * 1912-07-17 1913-03-25 John H Redfield Air-rifle.
US1472126A (en) * 1918-07-09 1923-10-30 John C Garand Machine gun
DE389737C (en) * 1923-02-14 1924-02-07 Franz Burkardt One-handed pistol

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US237357A (en) * 1881-02-01 John ztiudoeff
US534894A (en) * 1895-02-26 Magazine gun
GB190010391A (en) * 1900-06-06 1901-09-06 Neil Clark Brodie Improvements in Hammerless Repeating Pistols and other Small Arms
US785085A (en) * 1903-01-16 1905-03-21 Bethel Burton Automatic firearm.
US1003790A (en) * 1910-10-24 1911-09-19 Ermenegildo Pordon Gun.
US1057171A (en) * 1912-07-17 1913-03-25 John H Redfield Air-rifle.
US1472126A (en) * 1918-07-09 1923-10-30 John C Garand Machine gun
DE389737C (en) * 1923-02-14 1924-02-07 Franz Burkardt One-handed pistol

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2599177A (en) * 1950-05-19 1952-06-03 Harry H Holroyd Tear gas gun
EP0197245A1 (en) * 1985-02-01 1986-10-15 Heckler & Koch GmbH Actuating device for the cocking of an automatic handgun
US4671161A (en) * 1985-02-01 1987-06-09 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Actuating mechanism for a cocking device
US20160356564A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Smith & Wesson Corp. Ambidextrous Charging Handle
US10012461B2 (en) * 2015-06-02 2018-07-03 Smith & Wesson Corp. Ambidextrous charging handle
US9909826B2 (en) * 2015-06-05 2018-03-06 Bravo Company Mfg, Inc. Charging handle with cog and spring

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3488488A (en) One-arm shotgun and flashlight structure
US3318192A (en) Locked action rifle for automatic and semi-automatic selective firing
US4151670A (en) Firing mechanism for semi-automatic firearms
US4048901A (en) Recoil-operated automatic pistol
US4213263A (en) Firearm trigger guard assembly
US4151782A (en) Handgun with indexing means
US9964372B1 (en) Ambidextrous magazine catch
US2418906A (en) Breech bolt retracting means
US2548622A (en) Firing mechanism for submachine guns
US2657489A (en) Magazine floor plate release mechanism
US2549797A (en) Fire control mechanism
US2030149A (en) Upturn-and-pullback bolt-action firearm
US4457094A (en) Trigger mechanism for a bolt action rifle
US1215181A (en) Trigger mechanism for firearms.
US2597089A (en) Loading mechanism for cap pistols
US2367280A (en) Control means
US939882A (en) Automatic firearm.
US2452617A (en) Gas operated shoulder weapon
US4262578A (en) Cartridge ejector
US2819550A (en) Gun safety attachment
US2959107A (en) Automatic pistol firing mechanism
RU2089814C1 (en) Pistol
US2126788A (en) Firearm
US2777234A (en) Lever action firearm
US2364232A (en) Pistol