US2416110A - Engine governor - Google Patents

Description

1947. M. MALLORY ENGINE GOVERNOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed march 1, 1945 /o FIGS: 5;.

INVENTO V Manon Nah/ Patented Feb. 18, 1947 12,416,110 ENGINE GOVERNOR Marion Mallory, Detroit; Mich; Application Marc i, 1945 js'eriai rio. 580350 .m .11 Claims." (01123 103) This invention relates 't'o'a governor for contro ling the speed; of an internal combustion errglue, and more particularly toan engine "speed" governor which is actuated by changes in the intake passageway pressure. 'j i It is the object'of thisinventionto produce a governor for an internal combustion engine of the type actuated by changes in'the intake pas-' sageway pressure 'which will effectively control the-speed of the engine substantiallyfreefrom surging Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in my speed governor assembly. I

Fig. 2 is a detail of the centrifugal; air valve. 1.} a

Fig.3 is an enlarged detail showing a modified form of the centrifugal air bleed valve.

Fig. 4 is a detail of :a secondmodified form of centrifugal airbleedvalve.

Fig. 5 is a detail of the same form of centrifugal air bleed valve as shown in Fig. 4ibut provided with an orifice adjustable relative tothe valve.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the valve housing and adjustable orifice, member.

.Fig. ,77- is a view similar to Fig.6 showingthe bleedsection\ showing reaches its governed speed, va1ve'26 will mo'meni tarily close against valve seat 3| thereby momen- Further; valve 26 serves"to*momentarily close air bleedorifice 28, but the instantthat valve 7 26 opens the metering or the air is accomplished 'by metering pin'2l. 'Thus; metering pin 21 and opening 28 are correlated in cros's sectional area so that the clearance between metering 'pin'2'l and orifice 28 will always be less than" the clears ance between valve 26 and seat 3| except'whe'n valve 26 isfully closed." As valvef26'momentarily orifice member adjusted further inwardlythan I in Fig. 5. I g A The parts, of my enginegovernorassembly are referenced as follows: intake passageway 'I having inlet opening'Z and outlet to the engine 3, governorvalve 4 of the butterfly type, governor valve shaft 5, tension spring 6 connected to arm I whichis'fixed. on valve shaft 5, suction device 8, suction chamber 9, fiexiblediaphragm III), rod I I connectingdiaphragm I0 with arm I, orifice I2 on the atmosphere side 'of valve 4. conduit I 3v connecting orifice I2 with suction chamber 9, orifice I4, conduit I5 connectingorifice I4 with suction chamber *9, conduit 16'' connected into conduits I3tand I5- and. connecting suctionchamber IIJ with-circumferential passagewayi'l and T passageway I8 in distributor shaft I9, valve housing 20 fixed on shaft I9; piston valve body 2|, tension spring 22, internally" threaded block 23 and adjusting screw 24 which can .be' turned to move bl0ck23 to increase or decrease the tensiomof spring 22, by-pass. groove 25 in valve body 2|, valve'26,,.tapered metering pin 21, air bleed orifice 28 and orifice 29 in distributor housing 30 through which the interior of the housing-:-

communicates with atmosphere, valve seat 3l.

Operation.-As shown in 'Fig. 1, the governor valve 4 is wide open and the engine has not yet attained its governed speed. As the. engine" I2 and I4 create a'dep'ression" or vacuum in chain-1 ber 51 which-causes'diaphragm Ill to move toward theright and swing valve d toward closed posiand in'housing 20 in back or onto the right of} valve 26'and-valve"body 2I ,This suctionacts with tension spring =22 to open valve "2| slightly" upon a slight decrease in the speed-of the-en ne" due to the partial (closing of valved. a a

'Asvalve 26 opens, metering pin fl immediately takes over the meter-ingot thea'ir bleed'thr'oiigh.

orifice 28.

26 movestoward closed position the more meterr Hing pin'fl restricts orifice 28: Metering'pin 27,

valve 26 and valve body 2Ia're preferably'integral and in any event are 'fixed together so that they move back and fort orlvacuum: behind vf'lve body 2I cooperates with" spring- 22' to: open ,valve 26 so 'thatthe valve actually'rides the acuuin or air flow' through Orifice 23 and air leeds suction chamberssuffi; 1'

ciently sothat valve 4 will throttlethe charge in accordance 'wit' the load imposed upon the engineto maintan the speed of theengine free from any susbtag tial-surging. ;If the load on the engine is even ppreciably increased, the speed ofthe engine will'onlydecrease slightlyth'ereby causing valve 26and metering pin- 21 to move.

to the right and thereby further bleed down. the

vacuum in chamber 9; If the load is decreased, then upon-only a slight increase 'in the speed; of

the engine, 'valve 26and meteringpin 21 will move toward the left-,and'decrease theairbleedf Since pin 21- is taperedgoi conical? the further valve 26 opens the; less; metering pin 21 restricts flow throughorifice 28 and as'valvc- -as a/unit. The suction dially outward from the axis of rotation,;the more 1 c 44 and finally shuts the same ofi conical or tapered'orifice I8.

to chamber 9, thereby causing diaphragm aill'to move valve '4 toward close'd positionto' throttle the charge sufilciently to at its governedspeed.

It is important that the metering of the air I maintain the engine 1 charge hould be accomplished bya metering pinto meter the air through a valve such as 26,,then

the taper on the valve has tobe so acut'e'to'ob';

tainproper metering of the air bleed that the such as 21 and not by valve 26. If oneattempts '3 valve will stick and cause undesirable surging of I the engine speed. V l In Fig. 3 I have shown a modified formofpvalve; which accomplishes the same end as the valve j shown in Fig. 2. In this form oi valvethe valve 1 housing is integral with theistribu Shaft 7 i9 and the reciprocating valve II is provided with;

a tapered groove 42 which communicates with passageway 3 through a passageway 43 and with 1 atmosphere through airxbleed orifice 44 in the valve housing. In this form 3 of the invention"? valve M functionslthe same as valve 2l, 18,21 1 in the principal form of theinvention. Orifice 46 isshut oilwhen valve 41 abuts the end wall-Q5 of housing 41!. Tapered groove or reliet'llcooperates with-orifice 44 to meteretheair bleed. when the valve 41 is retracted by spring 22 closest to theaxis of rotation, then tapered groove- 42 does "not restrict the airflow through orifice '44. The further centrifugal force moves valve .41 ra-,-

tapered groove restricts air fiowthrough orifice when valve 4| abuts the ,outer emits onthe housing, v i e'y.

4| moves toward closed position against the ten sion of spring 221 and theintake manifold sue-z tionapplied tothe rear. enact the valve.

In the modifiedform shown in Figs. 4 to 7, the 1 several parts of thecentrifug'al air bleed valvemechanism are referenced as-followsz' housing 150 -j mounted on'distributor shaft -5l,-tensionspring -52 fixed at one end to the 'end'oi' the housing as 1 at, 53. andatthe-other end to, the valve body 54' as at.55, conical. valve EBfcan-iedbyvaIve body 5i, conical valve seat 51 against which valve 56 seats,'tapered orifice 58,.and cylindrical metering 1 "pin 59 carried by valve '56. Preferably pin 58, j valve ,56 and body, are integral. Orifice 58, in 3 theiorm shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, is located in orifice member 80 which has a threaded fit il in chamber 62 0i valve housing 50. Compression, j, springtlis positioned'between orifice member andshoulder $4 and holds orifice member 60: in-

itsadjusted position. Member to lszprovided with spaced notches 65 which receive a spanner wrench ioradjustin'g orifice member Gil with respect to valve 56 and pin 59.

vIn the form'of valve shown in Figs. 4 through 7, valve iiseats against valve seat 51 momentarily i to shut off air flow through orifice "58 asj-the .en- 1 gine reaches its govemedspeed, but the -metering of the air fiow through orifice 58 is controlled entirely by cooperation or metering pin and the valve 56 moves of! seat 51, air fiowsfthrough orifice 58, around pin 59 and'the'further toward the right pin 59 is moved, Fig. .4, the greater-the efiec.-- I

tive size of orifice 58 and the greater the air flow; When housing 50 is. rotating at a relatively slow speed, or when not rotating spring 52-holds valve The instant that i body against seat 65. The governed speed of the engine, can be altered by adjustingorifi ce mem- 2 owardthe right to the position shown in Fig. 7,

the governed speed of the engine will be lower a ber 60. If orifice member iiil is turnedjinwardly than orifice member 6|) is turned outwardly or toward the left, Fig. 5. In other words, the imther that orifice member BI! is adjusted inwardly of chamber 62, the lower :the engine speed at which valve 56 will seat against seat 51 and shut ofl the air bleed to the suction device, and vice versa. ,Ihus, by the simpleexpedient'of adjusting orifice member 60 with'respect to valve'56, I am able topcha'nge the {governed speed-of. the engine without i'n any 'wise' adjusting 'orchanging the-stress-on, or tension of spring 52. t "I claim: a i

1. In an'internal combustion engine having an intake passageway, a device for governing the speed of the'engine comprising a governor valve .for controlling the fiow of motive fluid through said passageway, a device actuated by intake assageway suctionand having an :operativeconnection with said governor valve, a conduit connect ing saiddevice into said passageway between the governor valve and the'enginea valve housing, a

"conduit connecting said valve housing with the suction device, an orifice in said housing for bleed- .tering the fiuidfiow through said: orifice, said metering meansincreasingly restricting fluid flow through ,the'fiuid bleed orifice Easthe valve moves 1 toward closed position andidec'rasingly restrictinglfiuid bleed through said orifice moves-inthe opposite direction; c 2. In an internalcombustion-engine having an intake passageway, a device for governing the speed of the engine comprisinga governor valve forxcontrolling the now c'f 'motive fluid through said passageway, a-device actua'tedby intake pas sageway-suction and having an operative con nection with said governor. valve, a conduit connecting said device into said passageway between the governor valve and the engine, a valve. housing, a conduit connectingsaid valve housing with the suction device,an orifice in said housing for J bleeding .fiuid into said conduit, a centrifugaily unbalanced piston in said housing responsive to changes in engine speed, a valve :carried by said piston and moving therewith solely ior closing said .oriiice as the engine exceeds its governed speed and for'o'peningsaid orifice as theengine falls belowit's governed speed, and metering mearisfalso carried by said piston and co-acting with said fluid bleed orifice solely for metering the fluid fiowthrough said orifice, saidmetering means'increasingly restricting fiuid fiowthrough I the fiuid'bleed orificeas the valve moves toward closed position and decreasinglyrestricting fiuid bleed throughsaid orifice as the valve moves in the opposite direction. r

3. In an internalv combustion engine having an 'intakejpas'sageway; a device for: governing the} speed ofthe engine comprising agovernor valve for controlling the fiow of motive fiuid through 1 said passageway, a device actuatedby' intake pas? sageway suctionyand having an operative con- H nection with. said governor valve, a conduit con-- meeting said device into said passageway between the governor valve and the engine, avalve 110115.

ing, a conduit connecting said valve "housing with .the suction device, anorifice in said housing 'for bleeding fiuid .into said conduit, a valve seat at as the valve ing said orifice as the engine zwhenrithe'lengiineifexedseitsoflovernlid sped ami airs J b samrnmneepssid ,nrtenng eass ajeereesngese sire tives z rptsiiiahsiaimeseerases-sashes vt intake passa e a"; evice, overning the speed oi the vernor; ,v,'a1ve sic: ,cbntmHing-rth;idem.ot'iniotiveifiuidQthriifi'kh said passageway, a device actuaiedibfiifithiktcpatfi Seaway aw r a a 1 nection swith' s' i itigbv'niuivilve, a cohduit' -cori; nectin'gfisaid device into said jplt'ssagewaybetv en age-s l tive conspeed, a valve carried by said piston for seating I against said vaiveseat and serving solely for closing said orifice when the engine exceeds its governed speed and for opening said orifice when tapered metering pin carried by said valve and always projecting into said orificei'or metering the fluid now through said orifice, said metering pin decreasing the effective size of said fluid bleed the engine falls below its governed speed, and a orifice as the valve moves toward closed position and increasing the effective size of said orifice as the valve moves in the opposite direction.

5. The combination as set forth in claim 4 wherein the valve and metering pin areeach frusto-conical with the taper of the metering pin more acute than that of the valve whereby the valve will notstick in the valve seat upon'closing.

6. In an internal combustion engine having an intake passageway, afdevice for governing the speed of theengine comprising a governor valve for controlling the flow of motive fluidthrough said passageway, a device actuated by intake pas- 1 sageway suction .and having an operative connection with said governor valve, a conduit connecting said device into said passageway between the governor'valve and the engine, avalve housing, a conduit connecting said valve housing with the suction device, an orifice in said housing for bleeding fluid into said conduit,-a-centrii'ugally unbalanced piston in said housing responsive to Sta stands t tre wwtdzpassagewaycbetween if? V? esifditheien iuenavalveihcusa-- isgpaaesu t ofrh ctingsaid valve housing-with" the suction deyi e a nerifie t: n, "said N) n nsaeentmussny sauna ted; tifivg iir sii, ligating; mslpon'sive to d eiigiiiegp a; gsi g saidmriifice fi'sitiit-bi in t t jqz er eg spsgdsmmsor phi! she thed engzne fai lpsgbeloggits ja diacent mamas a sis? said-orifidf-idr H eteri', r t anesthesia-sass? medita ng-avia a id a ir d-i t ,t'

, ffv e d t. F i- 1 i so. m sses: "'sistm ctiftiiizin iit'viiig'anintake passageway, a device for governing the speed 01' the engine comprising a-governor valve for controlling the flow o1 motive fluid through said passageway, aidevi'ce actuated by intake passageway suction and having an operative connection with said governor valve, a, conduit connecting said device into said passagewaybetween the governor valve and the engine, a valve housing, a conduit connecting said'valve housing with the suction device, an adjustable orifice member in said housing having an orifice for bleeding fiuid into said conduit, a centrifugally unbal-,

anced valve in said housing responsive to changes ,i in engine speed for closing saidorifice as the I engine exceeds its governed speed and for open- Iing said orifice as the engine falls below its .govemed speed, housing responsive tochanges in engine speed and metering means in said and co-acting with said fluid bleedoriflce for metering the fluid flow through said orifice, said metering means increasingly restricting fluid flow changes in engine speed, a b'y-pass passageway about said piston whereby when the orifice is open fluid can bleed through the orificeand by the piston into the conduit connecting the valvehousing with the suction devim, a valve carried by said piston and moving therewith solely for. closexceeds its governed speed and for opening said falls below its governed speed, and metering means also carried by said piston and co-acting with said fluid bleed orifice solely for metering the fluid fiow through said orifice, said metering means increasingly restricting fluid flow through the fluid bleed orifice asthe valve moves toward closed position and decreasinglyrestricting fluid bleed through said orifice the opposite direction. e

7. In an internal combustion engine having an orifice as the engine as the valve moves in" nection with said governor valve, a conduit connecting said device into said passageway between the governor valve and the engine, a valve housing, a conduit connecting said valve housingwith the suction device, an orifice member'in said 7 valve seat therein,

housing having a conical orifice and a conical the taper of the valve seat beinggreater than that or the conical orifice, a centrifugally unbalanced piston in said housing responsive to changes in engine speed, a conical valve carried by said piston and moving therewith for seating against said conical valve seat s s wavsagdcviceiaetuated,baintake pas zouemwsmaivemwonduihconlasters spawns ig i h ine s01- comprising a governor valve 7 throughsaid orifice asthe engine i j exceeds its governed speed, andcylindrical me-' tering means carried by said valve and projecting into said tapered orifice forco-acting with said i I said orifice,.sa1dcylindrical metering pin increasingly restricting fluid fiow through said tapered orifice as the valve moves toward closed position and decreasingly restricting fluid flow through said orifice as the valve moves in the opposite direction. V

10. The combination asset forth in claim -8 including: resilient means opposing the closing a valve housing, a passageway leading from the suction chamber of said suction device into said ;valve housing, an orifice member for said housing, a valve controlled in accordance with entapered orifice to meter the fluid .flow through 3 gine speed for controlling said orifice and the flow of air from said orifice through said housing into said passageway, said valve tending to close said air inlet orifice; as the engine reaches its 1 governed speed whereby said suction device responds to intake passageway suction and moves the governor valve toward closed position, resilient means opposing theclosing or said air bleed, valve, and..means for adjusting the orifice mem- .ber relative to'sa'id speed controlled valve whereby the governed speed of'the engine can, be changed 1 without adjusting the stress, on said resilient means. a

- v I I MARION MAL RY.

REFERENCES CITED v The following reference's are-otrecordin the I file of this p aten'tzj 'Nu'mber Namef v Date- I r 2,381,550 Ma11'ory Aug. 7, 1945 2,065,909 Rockwell Dec. 29, 1936 1,440,198 Wissing" DEC. 26,1922 1,835,333 Rasmussen et a1. Dec. 23,1931 2,359,485 Lowther Oct. 3, 1944 NITED STATES PATENTS 1 Kittler July 20, L943

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