US241529A - Manufacture of sheet-iron - Google Patents
Manufacture of sheet-iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US241529A US241529A US241529DA US241529A US 241529 A US241529 A US 241529A US 241529D A US241529D A US 241529DA US 241529 A US241529 A US 241529A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- oxide
- sheets
- sheet
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 32
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- NZKITCCKLZNMRX-SJEOTZHBSA-M sodium;5-chloro-4-methyl-2-[(2E)-2-(2-oxonaphthalen-1-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N\N=C\2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC/2=O)=C1S([O-])(=O)=O NZKITCCKLZNMRX-SJEOTZHBSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/30—Foil or other thin sheet-metal making or treating
- Y10T29/301—Method
- Y10T29/302—Clad or other composite foil or thin metal making
Definitions
- Thesheets are then done up in packages of convenient size, so as to exclude the air from circulatingamong them-as by wrapping with sheet-iron and wire-and heated in a furnace to a moderately bright-red heat from one-half hour to an hour and a half, depending much on the thickness of scale to be revived and the degree of heat used.
- the metal of the oxide of iron may be restored in a much less time by a temperature but little short of a welding-heat; but this high heat favors crystallization of the iron, impairing its flexibility and toughness, and is therefore to be avoided. I then withdraw the package from the furnace, and as its interior parts cool to a low red heat I separate the sheets, and by exposure to the air allow them to slightly reoxidize.
- oxide of tin, oxide of antimony, and oxide of lead or either of them but I find the following proportions, by weight, economical and best: oxide of tin, one part; oxide of antimony, one part; oxide of lead, four parts.
- the process herein set forth of both deoxidizing and alloying the surface of the sheets at one and the same heat by applying to the surface of the sheets a composition of matter consisting of combustible carbon and one or more of the metallic oxides named, and 1c then maintaining at a red heat in suitable furnace until the purpose is accomplished.
Description
v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ISAAC E. CRAIG, 0F CAMDEN, OHIO.
MANUFACTURE OF SHEET-IRON.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,529, dated May 17, 1881.
Application filed March 9, 1881.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ISAAC E. CRAIG, a citizen of the United States, residing at 0am den, in the county of Preble and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful improvement in the manufacture of sheet-iron by deoxidizing or clean sing the surface of the sheets from the scale of oxide of iron formed thereon during the process of heating and rolling them, in a manner less expensive and more efficient than heretofore practiced and as a part of the same process, and without further labor and expense, alloying the surface of the sheets with other metals found to be desirable in reducing their tendency to corrosion; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
Heretofore it has been practiced to revive the metal of the superficial coating of oxide on the sheets by heating them for a sufficient length of time with layers of powdered charcoal or other carbonaceous matter between them, and afterward to rub the surfaces with powdered oxides of other metals and heat again until the oxides so applied were revived by the reducing-gases contained in the furnace or expelled from the body of the sheets and the restored metals drawn into the pores of the surface of the sheets and partly alloyed therewith.
The object of my invention is to lessen the length of time and quantity of fuel necessary to be used in reviving the metal from the coating of oxide of iron, and at the same time, and by the same heat, to alloy the metals of the other-or applied oxides with the surface of the sheets.
To carry my invention into effect I intimately mix, by grinding or otherwise, the metallic oxide or oxides to be used with some carbonaceous matter-as powdered charcoal, or preferably lamp-black, in the proportion, by weight, of one of the oxide to two of lampblack-and treat the resulting mixture with so much of some volatile fluidas naphtha or spirits of turpentine-as will reduce it to the (No model.)
consistency of an easily-working paint, and then apply it with a brush to the surface of the sheets, sprinkling afterward on each surface, and before dry, a thin coating of powdered charcoal. Thesheets are then done up in packages of convenient size, so as to exclude the air from circulatingamong them-as by wrapping with sheet-iron and wire-and heated in a furnace to a moderately bright-red heat from one-half hour to an hour and a half, depending much on the thickness of scale to be revived and the degree of heat used. The metal of the oxide of iron may be restored in a much less time by a temperature but little short of a welding-heat; but this high heat favors crystallization of the iron, impairing its flexibility and toughness, and is therefore to be avoided. I then withdraw the package from the furnace, and as its interior parts cool to a low red heat I separate the sheets, and by exposure to the air allow them to slightly reoxidize.
In the preparation of the materials for this treatment I makeuse of the oxide of tin, oxide of antimony, and oxide of lead, or either of them but I find the following proportions, by weight, economical and best: oxide of tin, one part; oxide of antimony, one part; oxide of lead, four parts.
By the means described I am able to dispense with one heat heretofore used for the purpose of alloying the surface after the pro- A less cess of reviving the iron of the oxide, as the more fusible metals act as a channel or intermediary for the outflow of oxygen from the iron to the carbon. I am also able to use a much larger proportion of lead in the application to the surfaces than has heretofore been practicable without leaving lead in a globular state on the surface of the sheets, saving cost and improving the power of the surface to resist air and moisture. After this the sheets are carefully brushed, and may then be polished by the ordinary means of passin g them in packages at suitable heat between rolls, or by hammering under power-hammers in bundles at a moderate red heat.
Having fully described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-
As an improvement in the manufacture of sheet-iron, the process herein set forth of both deoxidizing and alloying the surface of the sheets at one and the same heat by applying to the surface of the sheets a composition of matter consisting of combustible carbon and one or more of the metallic oxides named, and 1c then maintaining at a red heat in suitable furnace until the purpose is accomplished.
ISAAC E. CRAIG. WVitnesses:
JAMES L. THOMAS, ASBERRY DECKER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US241529A true US241529A (en) | 1881-05-17 |
Family
ID=2310867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US241529D Expired - Lifetime US241529A (en) | Manufacture of sheet-iron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US241529A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3711428A (en) * | 1971-02-01 | 1973-01-16 | Ibm | Electrical resistor paste containing a small amount of charcoal |
| US20100193984A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2010-08-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Foam sheet-forming composition, heat conductive foam sheet and process |
-
0
- US US241529D patent/US241529A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3711428A (en) * | 1971-02-01 | 1973-01-16 | Ibm | Electrical resistor paste containing a small amount of charcoal |
| US20100193984A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2010-08-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Foam sheet-forming composition, heat conductive foam sheet and process |
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