US2414900A - Perforator with projectiles - Google Patents

Description

J. B. SCHIAVON PERFORATOR WITH PROJECTILES Jan. 28, 1947.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 8, 1945 7 WMM WPM JUAN BAUTISTA SCHIAVON H Patented Jan. 28 1947 Argentlna, assignor t o Dlrecclon Genzal De Yaeimientos Petroliferos Fisc;ales uenos Aires.

l Argentina Application June s, 1945, Serial'No. 598,304 In Argentina, June 22, 1944 It 'is frequently the case in oil fl elds to find the 011 contai ning stra.ta ab var1sng dflpths, and as a. result ehe depth cf one well max, and frequently does, 'vary substantiallyfrom that of another; often-times the oil strata are found interca 1ateg between gas or water strata. In the first instance, it is often dificult, if not impossible, 120 ascertain a1: what depth the dri1l ing of a. Weil a5hould be stopped, and in the sec ond instagxce, determine which strata will produce 011 am! which water or gas.

In both cases drill i ng 1 pe1forxhed through all the oil cont aining Strzit9. which 111 is pre sumed are fornring t;he oil deposit. am} subsequentply the wel1s are con ditioned so that a. profitable gelectjve working I 'che actual oil containing strata is parfoxrmed by ellmin ating the wa.ter and ga.s fluids which 1f allowed 120 flow into the we 1l Would l:ua.mper- Ehe normal- 011 production oi the fleld.

One way of periorming this sel ec tive prdcess is as follows: after 311 the strata oi the oil forma.-

tion have been drill ed and the contents of; each has been carefully ascertained, a. casing,- is, positioned in the weil do.wn t0 the hatten; th ereqf a.nd the entire thickness. of the Qi-l strtum is ce-- meutec1 oft; in othep words, the annulgrspace, comprlska@ between uhe external Wall of the pipe a.nd tha. wa-ll of t171 g: weil, is fi1led with cemerirt graut; which, when lt se1;s er hardens, forms an hermetic sea l stopping the fl ow of fluids froin the dri1led strata. into the Wall; subsequer-1QIY the (zubing is perforated at predetermined depths correrponding to the strata whic;h it; is desirad to work, that is to say, the oil strata.

In the modern zartth(= method most generally applied to perform these perforations is to fire laterally, als the d es1red depth mojectiles into the strata by means of a device commonly known as a perforating gun.

'I'he present invention deals with a, device of this natura. and the novel constructive details ofwhich will become apparent from, a reading o! th-is description with the assistance of the drawings, in- Which 'identica1 parts bear the saure reference numerals.

Fig. 1 is an elevatiox; of the device; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal gection; Fig. 3 is a, transverse section on the.line A.-B oii-Fig. 1'; Fig. 4 is a transverse section near the upper end of Fig. 1; anti Figs. 5 and 6 ar detail views.

Figure 1 shows a view of the device which comprises a. steel cylindrical body l o'f variable diameter, depending an the diam eter of th'e tubing within which it: is required to operate'; the fu1l length of which varying aco'rd ir rg to 1;he number 2 of projecti les that are fired simultaneously. Alternatelyyloeated Within said cylindrical body l are conduits Which perforata the oylindrical body in its entire diameter one end of each being clo sed bymeans of a threaded plug 2 and opposing thesame am apertu'xes iorming the bare for auch projectile.

Fisur e 2 shows a longitudinal sect ional vlew cf the devipq in which it is apparent that the device is pe rfora ted ab a. certain distance from its geometrlcal axis, by a conduit 9 of circu'lat crosssection axt endlng from the lower end of the devic to nearr the upper end of the same. The lo wer end 01 the conduit 8 has a ca v ity 6 wherein the head of a closure screw 6' is located (Figure- 5) while;bhe upner end cf the. conduit 9, terminahes .in the transversal cylindrical chamber 8 the Qutev en1arged; end 3 of which is closed with a threaded plug 3", (Figure4). Chamber 8 communicatesbymeans of circuar condult l extending along the ax ls of the cylindrical body 013 the perforator;with the cavity 41 ocated in the upper end of thedevice, sai d cavi1;y7- 4 being. threaded in qrderto a.flx the b0dy of the; pgrforator to the percussion. meqhanlsm. the, purpose 02 the latter beim; explainecl hereimfter.

AlqngtWo generatxices. of the body. l diametri caly onposed an alternately located are canduits 5 which consti,t ute the chamber and bare of t he projectiles H (Figure 3) and the cavities corresnondin e: to the, plugs 2 which communicate with the conduits.

Figure 3 illustratw a cross sectiou of the device alo n'g the axis B-B; in thjs vie'w i t is apparent tha1; the longitudinal conduit 9 communicates with a cavii;y 13 made in. plug 2 through a. conduit III which is perfora.ted from the cavity o! plug 2. It is obvious, in this figure, that. the body of the perforator l ls transversally piercedby a condui t 5 constitu'ting the, chamber and bore of the project ile l'l an d furthermore by a threaded ca.vity receiVing the plug 2 wit hin which is located a concentric' cavity orexplosion chamber I3 wherein 1:hecharge of powder I4. is placed. The plugs 2 are: provided with a recess of a speclal form, the purpose of which is to receive the locking disc I5-l6. 'Ihis locking disc I 5'lli cousists of one disc of iron, I5 and one of copDer I6, which have been joine d together with a eoating of tin or the like. The iron disc I5 is provided with two projections I9 (Figure 6) which lodge in corresponding notches located in the recesses 0f p1ug 2, the purp ose '0f the proj ections being so permit the disc 'l5-IG to rota.te with the plug 2 when the Iatter is screwed into position until it is sei: against the bottom o1 the cavity.

The screwing of the plug is made with the assistance cf reference marks so as to place the conduits III in communication with a. slot I I made in the disc I-IG (Figures3and 6) whfle a1; the same time said slot II communicates with the channel I2 located in the plug 2 and through same with the chamber I3. In like manner, the

disc I5l6,' on being firmly held between the..

p1ug 2 and the bottom of the cavity, separates the chamber I3 from the conduit 5 until the I;ime cf operating the device in the manner as hereinafter explained.

Operation The plugs 2 corresponding t'o the brojectileis which it is desired to fixe are unscrewed, and a charge Of powder I4 is placed in each plug, together with the discsl5-IG, the whole being hereafter.screwed in p1ace in operative position into thecorresponding cavity and with theassistance of the refe'rence marks, so as to maintain the communlcation between the main conduit 9 sind the explosion chamben I 3 by means of the conduits l, slot II 011 parts I5-I6 and channel I2 of plug 2. In 1ike manner the primary charge-of powder is renewed from chamher 8' .b removing threaded plug 3' (Figure 4) which -is ag ain= screwed it1i;o posltion once the' charggpflpowder has been placea therein; preyiouslyihe prpjecigiles.l1 h'ave been place d in their respective chambe'rsqorresponding to the chargeg I4 and hel'ql temporax ll inpo sition by meahs f 'stoppers I8.v

.Whr=n -the devic'e. is Ioac'ledin the aQforemeii- ;;tioned manner, and as illustrated in Figure2, -the percussion mechanism 'screWed into position in 'cavity 4; This, percussion mechan ism qonsists cf known mechanical elements, not described hrein, which actuabe'on a fulmin'ate am d which provoke, through conduit I, the ignitiq'n Qf the primary charge locared in cavity v; the

ig nition pf said p'rimary charge is 'propagate'd Ishrough t he longitudinal conduit 9 and trans- 4 introduced as regards the construction and appearance of the perforator with projectlles described, without departing from the spirit and scope 013 this invention as clear1y defined in the appendecl claims.

1. A device for perforating tuioing by means of projectiles, consisting of a cylindrical body with alternate diametrical conduits traversing the cylindrical body through its entire diameter; one end cf each of said conduits being provided with -a recess within which is 1ocated a hollow plug; passages in the cylindrical body communicating the chamber of said plugs with a conduit located longitudinally within the cylindricat body, but 01T- set from the geometrical axis cf said cylindrical body to carry a train ot fiash from a primary charge; means for detach'mg the chambers in eachcf the plugs from said diametrical couduits, the latter serving for the purpose 0f loading projectiles; a closing member associated with each plug, and the provision of slots in said closing members adapted to be connected with said passages, thereby permitting communication o! the longitudinal conduit intheuylindrical body with the chambers in said plugs.

2. A device for perforating tubing by mea.ns of projectiles, consisting of a. cylindrical body in whcih is located a. conduit follqwing the l eng th of said cylindrical body, but offset f1om the geometrical axis of same; to carry a train o f; flash irom a primarycharge the provision ofsecondary conduits located in said cylindfical body communicating said longitudinal vcon du it with J;he chambers in interchangeable hollow plugs 10- cated in conduiadapted, toreceive I: heprojectiles to be fired, said conduits being positioned iransversely in thecylindrical body of the devic e.

3. A device-for perforating tubing by means of projectiles which. comprises a cylin dricza.l body With .transversally and. alternatelypositioned conduits traversing the; cylindrical body in its entire diameter; projectiles in said conduits, interchangeable hollow plugs closing one end cf said conduits and individual cha.rges of-an explosive in the chambers of said hollow plugs; said plugs being provided .with ape'rtures Communicating the chambers in: said plugswith a principaiconcluit longitudinally positioned in the cylindrical body of the device for carrying a 'train of fiash from a primary charge.

JUAN BAU'IISTA SCHIAVON.

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