US2414796A - Electric circuit breaker - Google Patents

Electric circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US2414796A
US2414796A US342569A US34256940A US2414796A US 2414796 A US2414796 A US 2414796A US 342569 A US342569 A US 342569A US 34256940 A US34256940 A US 34256940A US 2414796 A US2414796 A US 2414796A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
lever
circuit breaker
crank
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US342569A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bresson Charles
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US2414796A publication Critical patent/US2414796A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H75/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of power reset mechanism
    • H01H75/02—Details
    • H01H75/04—Reset mechanisms for automatically reclosing a limited number of times
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H75/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of power reset mechanism
    • H01H75/02—Details
    • H01H75/04—Reset mechanisms for automatically reclosing a limited number of times
    • H01H75/06—Reset mechanisms for automatically reclosing a limited number of times effecting one reclosing action only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric circuit breakers, and more particularly to a mechanism which causes the currentI interrupting means, following their separation responsive to the occurrence of a fault in the electric system protected, to be reclosed extremely rapidly.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to reduce the amount of energy required for such reclosing of the current interrupting means.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for reclosing the current interrupting means in an electric breaker, which comprises a mechanism for storing up potential energy during the separation of the current interrupting means, and redelivering said energy as additional energy for the reclosing of said current interrupting means.
  • the stored energy is obtained from the kinetic energy of the movable parts of the circuit breaker.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation and partly diagrammatic of a circuit breaker, and an operating column therefor, and operating connections between the column and the movable contact of the breaker.
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of means for turning the operating column of Fig. 1 together with a diagrammatic circuit arrangement for controlling such means.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views showing certain of the operating parts in diierent operating positions.
  • Fig. 5 is a detailed view, partly in elevation and partly broken away, showing a gearing co-nnection between the column and the contact operating mechanism, and
  • Fig. 6 is a detailed view of a time lag device for controlling the reclosing of the circuit breaker contacts.
  • Said polyphase circuit breaker comprises a normal or main circuit breaker A (see Fig. 2) having connected in series therewith an ultra-rapid circuit breaker B which, upon the occurrence of a fault, acts 2 t immediately to break the circuit of the electric system to be protected, viz: in that phase only which is affected by said fault, and thereaiter recloses said circuit, before the normal or main circuit breaker A having a slow or delayed operation has time to operate.
  • Said normal circuit breaker A is actuated to definitely break said circuit only in the event that the fault' persists.
  • the circuit interrupting means of breaker B comprises a stationary contact Cz (see Fig. 1) and a movable contact lever, the latter consisting of a rod C ⁇ which passes through an arc drawing chamber D and is actuated by suitable means, such as a lever L1, fulcrumed upon a fixed shaft L2 mounted in the frame Ct of the apparatus.
  • Said lever L1 is pivotally connected to the upper end of said movable contact C by a short link I, and intermediate its ends, i. e. at P, is pivoted thereto one end of a link Be, whose other end is pivotally connected at P1 to the one end of a double lever P3 freely fulcrumed upon a horizontal shaft T and having its other end formed as a nose L5.
  • An intermediate member or actuator E is splined upon said horizontal shaft T adjacent said lever P3 and carries a stop-stud Le. Said nose L5 abuts the stop-stud La due to the action of an energy storing spring R1 on said double-lever Pa, said spring R1 being connected between said pivot P1 and a stud P2 of said actuator E. Said spring R1 stores up energy, when the contact C is withdrawn from contact C2 and redelivers said energy subsequently to accelerate the movement of the movable contact C, when the circuit to be protected is reclosed. This will be fully explained hereinafter.
  • Said actuator E is operatively connected to a rotary column I by means of a beveled gear g2 mounted on the upper reduced end I2 of said column I (see Fig. 5) and engaging a beveled gear g3 secured on said horizontal shaft T which is rigidly fastened to actuator E.
  • a crank arm Mg Upon the lower reduced end I1 of said column I which is adapted to rotate in suitable bearings located at both ends. is rigidly secured a crank arm Mg (see Fig. 2).
  • the bearings of column I may be of any suitable conventional structure and are omitted in Fig. 1 of the drawings in order not to encumber the latter unnecessarily.
  • a cam Ca engaging said crank Mg is mounted to rotate around a vertical shaft V (see Fig. 2).
  • Said gear u is driven by an electric motor Mo through a worm W and tensions saidspring S, when said contacts C and C2 are closed and said cam Ca is locked against further counl ter-clockwise rotation by engagement of nose b with said stop roller at R2.
  • crank My engages a stop Lr, and is temporarily locked by the latter against further movement (see position of crank Mg'indicated with a dotted line in Fig. 2).
  • crank Mg'indicated with a dotted line in Fig. 2 is pivoted at P5 to the frame of the apparatus and connected to said frame by a two-link tpggle Lc which is similarly constructed as toggle ls, Z4 above described.
  • a piston Pr is operated after a certain time interval to break said toggle Lc and 40 thereby release said crank Mg so thatlt can cause said movable contact C to move towards the stationary contact C2 'and thereby close the circuit to be protected.
  • a Said piston Pr is actuated and controlled for this purpose by a retarding or time lag device DM.
  • Said devices DM and Pr control the reclosing of the circuit ybreaker contacts each time after said contacts have been separated and after a certain period of time has elapsed. Such intervals are necessary for'the deionization of the air at the place where the fault occurred in the circuit to be protected by the circuit breaker.
  • the retarding or time lag mechanism DM and piston Pr actuated by said time lagr device are lower arm ofadouble-lever I2 of the retarding 65 mechanism DM.
  • Said double-lever I2 swings around the same pivm ⁇ I 6 as a gear sector'l1 which is pulled by a main spring I8 in the direction ⁇ of arrow I9.
  • a train of gears 20 including a first gear 2I having a ratchet wheel 22 is in en- 70 gagement with the gear sector I1.
  • Said train of gears 20 is under control of an escapement 23 which permits the gears t0 turn but in eXac-tly timed continuously interrupted intervals in a manner well known.
  • the retarding the gear sector I1 are operatively linked to each other by a short spring 24l in such a manner that the lever I 2 will follow the movementsy of the gear sector I1, when the latter is moved inthe direction of the arrow I9.
  • the gear sector I1 is in engagement with the train of gears 20 controlled by the escapement 23, the turning of said sector and of double-lever I2 occurs also in exactly measured timed- /intervals
  • its upper arm strikes a catch I3, which then releases a shorter arm 28 of a crank-lever Il, the latter being operatively connected to the piston Pr through a link I5.
  • crank-lever I4 the piston Pr is released and is pushed downwards by a spring 2 placed over the piston rod and acting on the piston Pr. which breaks the toggle Lc whose function has been described above.
  • the upper arm N of said crank vMg swings in the opposite direction, as indicated by arrow f2 and thereby turns the double-lever I2 in the direction of the arrow f3.
  • double-lever I2 pulls the gear sector I1 with the aid of the shortspring 24 in the opposite direction of arrow I9, whereby the main spring I8 is tensioned.
  • the ratchet wheel 22 allows the movementl of the gear sector I1 in the opposite direction of arrow I9 without interference of the train of gears 20 and action of the escapement 23.
  • the upper arm of double-lever I2 returns the crank I4 in the initial position lin which the shorter arm 28 of crank lever I4 is held by the catch I3.
  • the gear sector I1 has a stop 25 which limits the rotation of said gear sector I1, when the latter is turned in the opposite direction of arrow I9, i. e. when the main spring I8 is tensioned.
  • said stop 25 engages the lower part of a timing lever 1 fulcrumed at the same pivot 26 as crank-lever I4.
  • a dial 21, for example graduated in seconds indicating the time lag, is provided opposite Ithe upper end of said timing lever 1
  • a transformer Ti is provided, whose primary is supplied with electric energy of the circuit to be protected by the circuit breakers A and B from a suitable alternating current source through mains MI and M2.
  • the present invention enablesV all the energy use'd for separating the contacts of circuit breaker B to be stored on the conclusion of the circuit interrupting operation and to be re-utilized for the rapid reclosure of the main circuit by said circuit breaker B. Consequently, a much smaller motor Mo than heretofore required can be used, whereby the same speed for the closure is secured.
  • the power of the motor Mo can be reduced by the same amount, while a speed of operation is obtained which is comparable to that heretofore obtained with circuit breakers using much more powerful motors without having means for storing the energy. during the opening movement.
  • said present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without depart ⁇ tact to break the circuit by moving said movableA contact away from said fixed contact, said means comprising a rotary column, a spring operatively connected. between said column and said movable contact, a stop to arrest the movement of said .movable contact when the latter reaches the end of its circuit breaking stroke, whereby'continued rotation of said column is retarded by the means adapted to release said spring to cause it to redeliver its stored energy to allow said-movable contact to move towards said fixed contact to close the circuit, and a time lag device controlling the release of said spring.
  • an electric circuit breaker comprising a xed and a movable contact in the circuitto be protected by said breaker, operating means being constructed and arranged to actuate said movable contact to break the circuit, means for storing up energy during the circuit breaking operation, said operating means comprising a cam, a crank driven by said cam, and a toggle mechanism, said toggle mechanism being adapted to lock said movable contact in its open position after completion of the separating movement of said contact, means to break said toggle mechanism, and a timing device adapted to actuate'v said breaking means after a predetermined time lag to free said crank and 4'thereby allow said means for storing energy to cause the closing movement of the movable contact.

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US342569A 1939-06-27 1940-06-26 Electric circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US2414796A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU219778X 1939-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2414796A true US2414796A (en) 1947-01-28

Family

ID=19732396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US342569A Expired - Lifetime US2414796A (en) 1939-06-27 1940-06-26 Electric circuit breaker

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2414796A (fr)
BE (1) BE441389A (fr)
CH (1) CH219778A (fr)
FR (1) FR867126A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549350A (en) * 1944-09-14 1951-04-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2697149A (en) * 1949-07-26 1954-12-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Operating mechanism for line sectionalizers and the like
US3209101A (en) * 1963-01-08 1965-09-28 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Motor and spring operated vacuum switch

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549350A (en) * 1944-09-14 1951-04-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2697149A (en) * 1949-07-26 1954-12-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Operating mechanism for line sectionalizers and the like
US3209101A (en) * 1963-01-08 1965-09-28 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Motor and spring operated vacuum switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR867126A (fr) 1941-10-01
CH219778A (fr) 1942-02-28
BE441389A (fr) 1900-01-01

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