US2411929A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

s, MALKE Dm.- 3, 194s;

2,411,529 I. i K RQTARY COMPRESSOR l2 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 24, 1944 Sven Malke IN VEN TOR. v

ATTORNEY Dec. 3, 1946. s. MALKE 2,411,929

' ROTARY COMPRESSOR Y y Filed June 24, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet-Z Sven Malke IN VEN TOR.

' @affq AT TORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3,1946

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Sven Maike, Milwaukee, Wis., asllg'nor to A. 0.

Smith Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of New York Application June 24, 1944, Serial No. 541,915

14 (Cl. 23d-177) The invention relates to a rotary compressor and more particularly to a compressor that may be employed with refrigeration units and the like.

One object. of the present invention is t pro-4 vide a rotary compressor in which lubrication is simplified and friction and vibration is sub-l pressor of improved volumetric efficiency perunit delivery oi' tluid for piston displacement.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description of an embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary compressor ofthe invention designed for refrigeration units;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking ln thedirection of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a section taken on line 2--3 of Figure 1 looking from the left and showing in particular the left hand collector end ring with a part of the ring broken away;

, Figure 4 is la section taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1 showing a topv plan view of one of the cylinders and Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 1 showing a modiiled construction utilizing theprinf ciples of the invention.

The rotary compressor of the invention comprises in general an outer casing having a cupped shaped cylindrical member I sealed and closedy at its open end by a relatively natmember ,2 secured thereto in any. suitable way, as by bolting the members together.

A shaft 3 is journaled .in the opposite ends of the casing, axially thereof. and extends through the head 2 for connection to a motor shaft or the like.

The cylinders 4 and i are secured together at right angles to each other by'bolts l, the shaft I passing transversely therethrough offset from the center of each cylinder. The cylinders are mounted for rotation on end bearings I extending inwardly from the ends of the casing, the axis of rotation of the cylinders -being offset from the axis of the shaft I. The cylinders 4 and 5 are closed at their outer ends by removable caps l and. each cylinder has its outer wall iianged to provide a fiat circularplate 9 integraltherewith and lying in a piane at right angles to the axis of-rotation of the cylinder.

The pistons I0 are reciprocably disposed withl in each of the cylinders 4 and B and the central bore of each piston houses a cylindrical eccentric II which is formed intesral with the shaft is preferably disposed on the shaft at to the other eccentric. The rotation of the eccentrica by shaft 3 reciprocates the pistons I0 within their respective cylinders 4 and l.

The arrangement whereby the axes of eccenl tries II are offset from the axis oi shaft l and -the axis of rotation oi cylinders 4 and l is also odset from that ofthe shaft, effects rotation of cylinders 4 and I .by the eccentrica at one-half the speed of the shaft 3, and also the recipro-v cation of pistons I0 in their respective cylinders.

The cylinders 4 and l are provided'with inlet ports I2 at their inner ends for the intake of fluid, and thediagonal ports I2 `at their outer ends for the discharge of iluid. The inlet ports I2 constitute recesses in the walls of the cylinders by-passing the pistons I0 when the latter are at the extreme inward positions of their respective strokes.

The ports vI2 communicate lwith the central fluid intake chamber around the shaft 3 and extend in registered relation on a circumferential line whereby they are closed by the piston I0 after the commencement of the reversal of v the piston stroke and open to receive duid when the piston of the respective cylinder is in the extreme retracted position.

The ports I3 are disposed only in the outer wall of each cylinder 4 and I and extend diagonally through the cylinder wall to the outermost area of the piston displacement space or cylinder chamber I4.

The closure member 2 of the compressor casing which is shown at the right side of Figure 1 is formed with a ring shaped collector shoe IB adapted to engage the lplate l formed integral with the wal1 of the adjacent cylinder 4.

The collector shoe of member 2 is provided with a passage I8 the inner end of which alter- 'nately registerswith one of the diagonal ports Il extending through the sidewall of cylinder 4 and the outer portion of which is fabricated for receiving any suitable connection to carryoff the compressed fluid.

At the left side of Figure 1, the collector shoe II there shown, which is similar to shoe II, is mounted and held against rotation on casing member I by a plurality of studs Il but is permitted limited axial movement. A plurality of springs I9 are seated within suitable apertures in collector shoe Il and bear against the casing wall. This gives a floating support to the entire compressor assembly in service and eliminates tolerance problems, since the springs I9 serve to bias the collector shoe Il against plate 9 formed integral with cylinder 5 and to bias all of the moving parts to the right to also maintain a tight seal between cylinder 4 and collector shoe I5.

shown at the end of the stroke.

turing tolerances in the construction of the compressor.

A passage 20 is provided through the outer portion of the collector shoe I1 and through the casing member I to carry off discharge fluid from diagonal ports I3 in the wall of cylinder 5 when each port registers with passage 20 in the course of rotation of the cylinder. The passage 20 is connected by a short bellows coupling 2I to the outlet 22 for the pump.

The shaft 3 may have a longitudinal port 23 and suitable transverse ports 24 communicating therewith for the purpose of distributing lubricants to the desired bearing surfaces.

'I'he actual operation of the compressor of the invention may be confined to describing they operation of cylinder 4 and its associated parts since the description with respect to cylinder 5 would be similar.

Referring now to Figure l, the piston III is At this time the fluid enters through inlet ports I2 into chamber I4 of cylinder.4. Upon entry of fluid into chamber I4 piston I0 begins to advance on its reverse stroke by action of eccentric I I rotated by shaft 3.

The collector ring I5 closes the outlet port I3 during the time when the piston I is in its compression stroke and is being advanced in chamber I4 toward the head of the cylinder by eccentric II to compress the fluid contained within thev chamber and until the piston I0 is substantially in the extreme outward stroke position.

In the final stages of compression of the fluid the rotation of cylinder 4 registers port I3 with passage I3 in collector ring I5 and the compressed fluid is discharged through the registering port and passage by the'flnal stroke movement of the piston in chamber I4.

same in the manner described is then commenced again to provide for a continuous pumping of compressed fluid. l

While at one end of cylinder 4 the piston I0 is compressing and discharging uid through port I3, at'the' other end the piston III is beingfree tracted and effects the entrance of iiuid through ports .I2 at that end.

Since cylinder is preferably disposed at a 90 angle to cylinder 4 there are four discharges 'of compressed fluid for each complete revolution of the cylinders, and for every two revolutions of the shaft.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 4, the outer casing need not be sealed and can be eliminated. The inlet of :duid is provided through conduit 25 and passage 26 in the end bearing 'I to ports-I2 radially spaced around each cylinder.

In the modified construction illustrated in Fig. 5, there is no outer casing and air enters the cylinders directly through the ports I2' in the cylinder walls from the outside. In this construction the ports I 3 may also-be used for inlet of uid to the cylinders by uncovering the same during the intake stroke of the pistons. This is readily accomplished by slotting the collector ring I5' in the sector representing the intake cycle of the respective cylinders. In Fig. 5 collector ring I5' is sectioned at the top where the discharge cycle is shown but atlthe bottom-of the figure where the inlet is shown the' ring I5" is not sectioned but is in full, representing a slot therein through which air may pass to port I3.

The invention provides a rotary compressor in which lubrication is held at a minimum since The cycle of inflow of fluid into chamber I4 and compression of the friction is substantially eliminated by the parfticular t`ype of construction employed.

The sealing surface for the fluid passages the end of the unit where there is no chance for binding. The floating support of the assembled parts of the unit compensates for tolerances and clearances and maintains the required seals.

Various embodiments of the invention may be employed within the scope4 of the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. A rotary compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on a fixed bearing to rotate on a vtransverse axis, reciprocating means for compressing fluid in said cylinder, a transverse shaft supporting said means and extending through said bearing to rotate said means on an axis offset from the transverse axis of the cylinder to effect rotation of the latter and reciprocation'of said means therein, passages through a side wall of said cylinder to supply fluid thereto during a portion of the rotation cycle of the cylinder and to discharge compressed fluid from the cylinder during another portion of the rotation cycle of the cylinder, and valve means operable in response to the rotation of said cylinder to open and close said passages in synchronism with the reciprocation of said first named means.

2. A compressor comprising a cylinderrotatably disposed on a fixed bearing to rotate on a transverse axis, a reciprocating piston for compressing fluid in said cylinder, a transverse shaft supporting said piston and extending through said bearing to rotate the piston on an axis offset from the transverse axis of yrotation of the cylinder to effect rotation of the latter and Vreciprocation of the piston therein, a passage through the side wall of said cylinder to supply fluid thereto and discharge compressed fluid therefrom, and a collector 'plate disposed against the side wall of said cylinder to close the said passage during the compression cycle and to open said passage for supply and discharge of fluid therethrough.

3. A compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on a transverse-axis, reciprocating means for compressing fluid in said cylinder, a passage through the side wall of said cylinder to discharge compressed fluid therefrom, a collector plate disposed in said compressor to close said passage during the compression cycle, and floating support means to support said collector plate and bias the same against said cylinder wall to substantially eliminate clearance problems in the assembled parts.

4. A compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on a transverse axis, reciprocating means for compressing iluid in said cylinder, a

- passage through the side wall of said cylinder to discharge Icompressed fluid therefrom, a col,

lector plate disposed in said compressor to close said passage during the Acompression cycle, a passage in said collector plate registering with the passage in said cylinder during the discharge cycle to provide means to carry olf the discharged compressed fluid, and floating support means to support said collector plate and bias the same against said cylinder wall to substantially eliminate clearance problems in the assembled parts.

5. A rotary compressor comprisinga casing having a cupped s hapedmemberclosed at the open end by a substantially flat closure member, a shaft journaled for rotation in said casing, eccentrics disposed-on said shaft at substantially to each other. a pair of cylinders mounted I in said casing eccentric to said shaft and secured together at substantially right angles to each other, pistons provided in each of said cylinders and disposed on the shaft for reciprocation by said eccentrics, passages disposed in the wall of each of said cylinders for inlet and outlet of fluid, and a collector plate disposed at each end of the casing to close the discharge passage in each said cylinder during the compression cycle thereof and to open the same for discharge thereafter.

6. A rotary compressor comprising a casing having a cupped shaped member closed at the open end by a substantially ilat closure member, a shaft journaled for rotation in said casing, eccentrics disposed on said shaft at substantially 180 to yeach other, a pair of cylindersmounted in said casing eccentricto said shaft and secured together at substantially right angles to each v other, pistons provided in each of said cylinders and disposed on the shaft for reciprocation by said eccentrics, passages disposed in the wall of each of said cylinders for inlet and outlet of fluid, and a collector plate disposed at each end l of. opposed collector plates spring biased toward each other and between which said cylinders rotate with a side wall of each cylinder engaging the face of a collector plate, and inlet and discharge ports in the cylinder walls adapted to be closed by said collector plates duringv the compression cycle of the respective cylinders and to register with passages in the collector plates to providel for the control of fluid discharge from the ends of the cylinders.

8. In a compressor of the class described having a pair of angularly disposed cylinders secured together and mounted for rotation eccendischarge from the ends` of the cylinders as the latter rotate.

10. In acompressor of the class described, a cylinder, a collector plate against which one side wall of the cylinder rotates, said cylinder side wall having an outer port disposed to be closed j by the collector plate during the compression portion of the compressor cycle, said collector plate having a port for transmitting compressed fluid discharged through said cylinder port during the discharge portion of the compressor cycle, and said collector plate uncovering said cylinder port to provide for inlet of fluid to the cylinder during the intake portion of the compressor cycle.

11. In a compressor of the class described, a cylinder, a collector plate against which one side wail of the cylinder rotates, said cylinder side wall having an outer port disposed to be closed by the collector plate during the compression portion of theV compressor cycle, said collector plate having a port for transmitting compressed fluid discharged through-said cylinder port during the discharge portion of the compressor cycle, said collector plate uncovering said cylinder port to provide for inlet of fluid to the cylinder during the intake portion of the compressor cycle, and

an auxiliary intake port for said cylinder adapted to be opened' and cut off by a reciprocating piston in the cylinder. v

12. In a compressor of the class described. a cylinder, bearings for rotatably supporting said cylinder on a transverse axis, a rotary shaft extric to a shaft passing transversely therethrough,

a pair of opposed collector plates facing toward each other and between which said cylinders rotatewith a side wall of each cylinder engaging the face of a collector plate, and inlet and discharge ports in the cylinder walls adapted to be closed by said collector plates during the compression cycle of the respective cylinders and to provide for the control of fluid discharge from the ends of the cylinders.

9. In a compressor of the class described having a pair of angularly disposed cylinders secured together and mounted for rotation eccentric to a shaft passing transversely therethrough, a pair of opposed collector plates facingtoward each other and between which said. cylinders rotate with a side wall of each cylinder engaging the face of a collector plate, inlet ports in said cylinder walls adapted to be controlled by pistons in the cylinders, and discharge ports in said cylinder walls adapted to be closed by said collector plates and to register with passages in the collector plates to provide for the control'of fluid register with passages in the collector plates to tending through and eccentrically of said bearings, a piston in said cylinder, an eccentric on said shaft for operating said piston ad for rotating said cylinder on its bearings, an inlet port in the side of the cylinder adapted to be covered and uncovered by the piston in said cylinder, and an outlet port in said cylinder disposed to be opened at predetermined cycles in response to rotation of said cylinder for discharge of compressed iluid.

13. In a compressor of the class described, a

cylinder, bearings for rotatably supporting said cylinder on a transverse axis, a piston in said cylinder operative to compress fluid therein, a rotary shaft extending eccentrically through one of said bearings and supporting said piston to operate the same, an. inlet port in the side of saidv cylinder adapted to be covered and uncovered by the piston during operation thereof, a pas' sage through one of lsaid hearings for conducting fiuid to said inlet port, and an outlet port in said cylinder disposed to be opened at predetermined cycles in response to rotation of said cylinder for discharge of compressed fluid.

14. In a compressor of the lclass described, a cylinder, bearings for rotatably supporting said cylinder on a transverse axis, a rotary shaft extending through and eccentrically of said bearings, agpiston in said cylinder, an eccentric on said shaft for operating said piston and for rotating said cylinder on its bearings,.an inlet port in the side of the cylinder adaptedto be covered and uncovered by the pisto'n in said cylinder. a

`*passage through one of said bearings for conducting fiuid to said inlet port, and an outlet SVENMALKE.

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