US2410816A

US2410816A - Mechanical release

Info

Publication number: US2410816A
Application number: US606192A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leonard P Frieder; Walter S Finken
Original assignee: FRIEDER
Current assignee: FRIEDER
Priority date: 1945-07-20
Filing date: 1945-07-20
Publication date: 1946-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 1963-11-12

Description

Nov. 12, 1946.

L. P. FRIEDER ETAL MEcHANicAL RELEASE Filed July 20, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTQEI/ZZY NOV. 12, 1946. p, FRlEDER ETAL. 2,410,816

MECHANICAL RELEASE Filed July 20, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 12, 1945 2,410,816 MECHANICAL RELEASE Leonard P. Frieder, RockvilleCentre, and Walter S. Finken, Brooklyn, N. Y.; said Finken assignor to said .Frieder Application July 20, 1945, Serial No. 606,192

9 Claims.

This invention relates to mechanical releases. It is among the objects of the invention to provide a device for supporting a load and for effecting release when the effect of the load thereon is relieved.

Another object of the invention is to provide a load-carrying and releasing device having a hook for retaining engagement with a supporting line when the device is stored and before it is placed. into use for supporting a load and means for arming the device in response to the application of a load thereto and whereby, when so armed, the hook will be automatically operated to disengage the supporting line upon relief of the pull of the supporting line on the hook although its disengagement from the supporting line is prevented by a positive lock so long as the full effect of the load on the device is maintained.

Another object of the invention is to provide a load-supporting structure wherein provision is made for absorbing shock incident to an abrupt pull upon the device as when a load becomes effective thereon.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention appear in the following description and accompanying drawings in which the principle of the invention and the best mode of applying the same are disclosed.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. 1 i a longitudinal section of a device incorporating the principle of our invention;

Fig. 2 is a section of the device on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the device with its hook displaced to an intermediate position;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal view of the device in extended and armed condition;

Fig. 5 illustrates the action of the device in releasing a supporting line.

The device of the present invention includes an outer tubular casin H) and an inner tubular casing H nested within the outer casing and arranged to slide longitudinally of each other and in telescoping relationship. The outer casing I0 is attached at one end to a block I2 by means of a pin 13 which extends through the block and opposite side walls. of the casing. The block has depending therefrom a lug l4 which is provided with an opening i5 by which a load-supporting line it is fastened to the block and the outer casing. When in use the load which is tobe lowered and released by the device is secured to the load-supporting line It.

The two casings are held in assembled rela- 55 tionship'by a pin 1 l. Opposite walls of the outer casing I 0 engage and support pin ll intermediate theends of the casing and the pin traverses the interior of the casing. The walls l8 and IQ of the inner casing H are provided with longitudinal slots 2t, 2!, for the travel of pin I! when the inner casing is moved longitudinally of, the outer casing. The limits of travel of the inner casing with respect to the outer casing are determined by the slots and pin I! as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4.

Within the inner casing there are mounted a pair of

bars

22,23 which are slotted at 24 and 25, respectively, to permit movement of the bars with the inner casing. The lower ends of these bars are fastened to the inner casing by pins 26, 2?, and the upper ends of these bars are connected to the inner casing by a sleeve 28 and a pin 29. The. upper ends of

slots

24 and 25 in

bars

22 and 23, respectively, engage pin I! when the inner and outer casings are telescoped together, Fig. 2. Sleeve 28 is mounted over a pin 29 which is engaged andsupported by the opposite walls It and IQ of the inner casing.

The inner casing H and attached

bars

22 and 23 constitute a slide through which the pull of the load on one end of the outer casing is transmittedto hook 3! at the other end of the device. The effect of the load suspended from the device is transmitted through the device from hook 38 to pin 29 and from pin 29 to

bars

22 and 23 to pin H and the outer casing when the device is being used to support a load as shown in Fig. 4. While either the inner casing or the bars may be made to, alone fulfill the load transmitting function, the inner casing has the further function of cooperating with the hook to lock the hook in place when the inner casing is extended from the outer casing under load-carrying conditions, as explained hereinafter.

. Before the device is placed in tension by loading, the slide comprising inner casing i l and

bars

22 and 23 is telescoped within the outer casing in the. manner illustrated in Fig. 1. Opening 3! in the base of the hook is elongated to permit limited sliding movement between the hook and the slide. The back of the hook has 'a projection 32 with a flat surface 33 adapted to contact with the inner wall of the outer casing Ill when the slide and the outer casing are in nested relationship, as illustrated in Figs. land 3. The inner casing I I is provided with a slot 341 for this purpose. The outer casing prevents the hook from rotating and releasing ring 35 when the device is being transported (Fig. 1) and until the lock- 3 ing security of the outer casing is transferred to strip 3'! constituting part of the inner easing during use of the device under load, Fig. 4.

The notch in the hook above shoulder 36 enables the upper end of the hook to be drawn from inner casing H to the extent illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. Hook 30 can be easily displaced from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 3 by a light pull on the hook, and when so displaced the hook will be in a position to be locked against rotation by strip 31 until the pull effected through line 38 is slackened. Ring 35 is attached to a supporting line 38 which may be suspended from a hoist or a parachute, depending on the field in which the invention is to be used.

For assisting in unlocking hook 30 and disengaging the hook from ring 35, a spring 39 i provided. The upper end of this spring is attached to a loop of wire 40' which engages a, hole 4| in the hook located on the side of pin 28 opposite from the point of engagement of ring 35 with the hook. The lower end of spring 39 has an elongated loop 42 which is engaged by a loop 43 of a connecting wire whose other end is also provided with a, loop 44 surrounding. a pin 45 which is fastened in the block [2 of the outer casing. The two

loops

42 and 43 are so proportioned as to avoid causing the tensioning of spring 39 during most of the movement of hook 30 from the position illustrated in Fig. 1 to the position illustrated in Fig. 3. In the latter position, spring 39 is slightly tensioned.

When the efiect of the load comes upon the device, hook 30 and the'slide, comprising

bars

22 and 23 and the inner casing H, is drawn from within the outer casing until stopped by engagement of the

lots

24 and 25 with pin H, as illustrated in Fig, 4. The efiect of shock resulting from a sudden pull on the device is absorbed during initiation of the pull by the bearing pressure of surface 33 on the inner wall surface of outer sleeve ID. This pressure is proportional to the amount of the load being applied through the supporting line 38. Because of the location of the point of application of force between ring 35 and hook 30, the hook tends to rock and thereby provides pressure betweenthe back edge of the hook and the outer casing. This is important in preventing strains in the supporting lines and also in a parachute when the device is being used to drop a load to the ground. When abutment 32 at the back of the hook passes beyond the outer casing the hook is locked in position relative to the inner casing by strip 31 of the inner casing. During withdrawal of the hook and slide spring 39 becomes tensioned, as illustrated in Fig, 4, and exerts a couple on hook 30 in a direction for unlocking the hook from strip 31 and disengaging the hook from ring 35.

When the device is armed and the inner sleeve is fully extended, as shOWIl in Fig. 4, the inner sleeve is locked in extended position by a spring 46. Spring 46 is fastened to the outer casing and is disposed in a slot 41 through which it projects when uncovered by the inner casing to a, position below the lower edge of the inner casing, as shown in Fig. 4. The spring is provided with a lip 48 whereby the spring may be retracted when it is desired to telescope the inner casing within the outer casing.

When the device is relieved of its carrying function, as when the load being carried thereby is caused to alight upon the ground, spring 39 retracts hook 30 to a position below the upper end of slot 34 and thereby disengages the hook from locking relation with strip 37. The hook then pivots and passes through slot 34 under the action of the sprin in the manner illustrated in Fig. 5, thereby releasing ring 35.

Another device may then be attached to ring 35 for a subsequent carrying and releasing operation.

The device is attached to a ring 35 by first withdrawin the inner casing from the outer casing and then placing the ring within the inner casing and manually engaging the ring with hook 30. While the hook is thus engaged, locking spring 45 is manually displaced from engaging position with the lower edge of the inner casing and the inner casing is telescoped within the outer casing in the manner illustrated in Fig. l. 49 is a ring reinforcing the end of the inner casing and serves as a stop bearing against the outer casing when the inner casing is fully nested within the outer casing.

What is claimed is:

1. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising an outer casing, means for attaching a load to said casing, an inner casing in sliding relation to said outer casing, a pin supported from opposite sides of said outer casing and extending through longitudinal slots in said inner casing, a pair of longitudinally-extending bars within said inner casing, said bars being attached to said inner casin and having longitudinal slots for the passage of said pin, said inner casing being displaceable relative to said outer casing and limited to extended displacement by said pin, means supported by said inner casing, a hook disposed within said inner casing whereby a line may be hooked, said hook having an opening engaged by said last-named means, means for holding said inner and outer casings in extended positions, and a spring having one end attached to the back of said hook and its other end attached to said outer casing, said spring being adapted to exert force on said hook when a pull is exerted on said hook by a supporting line attached thereto and to rotate said hook on its supporting means when the pull on the supporting line is slackened.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising an outer casing, means for attaching a load to said casing, an inner casing in sliding relation to said outer casing, a pin supported from opposite sides of said outer casing 5 and extending through longitudinal slots in said inner casing, a pair of longitudinally-extending bars within said inner casing, said bars being attached to said inner casing and having longitudinal slots for the passage of said pin, said inner 55 casing being displaceable relative to said outer casing and limited to extended displacement by said pin, a pin supported by said inner casing, a

hook disposed Within said inner casing whereby a line may-be hooked, said hook having an open- 0 ing surrounding said last-named pin, said openin being elongated to permit limited sliding of said hook relative to said last-named pin, a projecting surface on the back of said hook projecting through an opening in said inner casing 65 and adapted to engage the inner surface of said outer casing. when said casings are in inwardly telescoped relation, means fOr holding said inner and outer casings in extended position, and a spring having one end attached to said hook and 70 its other end attached to said outer casing, said spring being adapted to retract said hook longitudinally of said bars when pull on the supporting line is slackened and to rotate said hook through the opening in the inner casing to release the sup- 7 porting line.

3. In a device of'the character described the supported from opposite sides of said outer casing and extending threugh longitudinal slots in said inner casing, a pair -01? longitudinally-extending bars within said inner casing, said bars being attached to said inner casing and having, longitudinal slots for the passage of said pin, said inner casing being displaceable relative to said outer casing and limited to extended displacement by said pin, a pin supported by said inner casin a hook disposed within said inner casing whereby a line may be hooked, said hook havin an opening surrounding said last-named pin, said opening being elongated in a direction longitudinally of said bars for permitting relative movement between said hook and said bars, a spring attached to the back of said hook and to said outer casing and normally ineffective to restrain the movement of said hook relative to said bars, but effective to exert restraint on said hook when said inner casing is drawn from within said outer casing by a pull on the supporting line, a bearing surface on the back of said hook for frictio-nally engaging said outer casing when the supporting cord initiates pull on said hook for extending said inner and outer casings, and means cooperatively associated with said inner and outer casings for holding said casings in extended position after a load has been supported by said device.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising an outer tubular casin an inner casing intelescoping relation with said outer casing, means for limiting the amount of extension of one of said casings to the other, means for attaching a load to said outer casing, means for attaching a supporting line to said inner casing, said last-named means including a hook pivotally supported from said inner casing, spring means having one end attached to the back of said hook and its other end attached to said outer casing, said spring means being normally ineffective to exert influence on said hook when said casings are in closed telescoping relationship but eiiective on said hook when said casings are extended from one another,

and means to hold said casings in extended rela-.

casing whereby connection is made between a supporting line and said casing, said means ineluding a-slide which is slotted for sliding engagement with a pin supported by said casing, a second pin carried by said slide, a hook pivotally mounted on said second pin and normally disposed within said casing, a spring having one end anchored to said casing and its other end secured to the back of said hook, said spring being adapted to be extended to exert force on said hook when said hook and slide have been displaced lengthwise of said casing under pull thereon by the supporting line and to cause pivoting of said hook to release said supporting line when the pull on said line is slackened, and means for holding said slide in displaced relationship with respect to said casing.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising a casing and means for attaching a load to the casing, means within said casing whereby connection is made between a supporting line and saidcasing, said mean'sin= eluding a slide which is slotted for sliding engagement with a pin supported by said casing, a'se'cond pin carried by said slide, a hook havinga slot surrounding said second pin, said'slot beingelongated in a direction for movement of said hook 'loiigitudinally of said slide, a spring connected to the back of said hook and to said casin for effecting force on said hook when said hook and slide have been displaced relatively to said casing by a pull on the supporting line attached to the hook, whereby when the pull of the supporting line on said hook is slackened said hook is drawn lengthwise of said slide and rotated from hooking engagement with said line, and means for holding said slide in displaced relationship with respect to said casing.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising a casing and means for attaching a load to the casing, means within said casing whereby connection is made between a supporting line and said casing, said means including a slide which is slotted for sliding engagement with a pin supported by said casing, a second pin carried by said slide, a hook pivotally mounted on said second pin and normally disposed within said casing, said hook being held within said casing by contact with said casing, but adapted to be rotated for releasing a line therefrom when said hook and slide have been displaced lengthwise of said casing, a spring having one end anchored to said casing and its other end secured to the back of said hook, and means for locking said slide and casing in displaced relationship,

8. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising an outer casing and means for attaching a load to said outer casing, means within said outer casing whereby connection is made between a supporting line and said outer casing, said means including an inner casing which is slotted for sliding engagement with a pin supported by said outer casing, a second pin carried by said inner casing, a hook pivotally mounted on said second pin, a slot in said inner casing for permitting the back of said hook to contact with said outer casing when said inner casing is within said outer casing, means on said inner casing for preventing rotation of said hook relative to said second pin when the inner casing and hook are displaced relatively to the outer casing, means for holding said inner casing in displaced relationship with respect to said outer casing, and a spring connected to said hook and to said outer casing for effectin force on said hook when said hook and inner casing have been displaced relatively to said outer casing by a pull on a supporting line attached to said hook, whereby when the pull of the supporting line on said hook is slackened said hook is drawn from engagement with said rotation-preventing means on said inner casing and rotated from hooking engagement with said line.

9. In a device of the character described, the combination comprising an outer tubular casing, means for attaching a load to said casing, an inner casing in telescoping relation to said outer casing, a pair of bars secured to said inner casing, a pin secured to said outer casing and extending through longitudinal slots in said bars and inner casing whereby the sliding of said casings relatively to each other is limited, means supported by said inner casing, a hook disposed within said inner casing whereby a supporting line may be hooked, said hook having an eloncasing are displaced relatively to said outer casing and to pivot said hook when restraint on said hook is relieved, and means for holding said inner casing displaced with respect to said outer 5 casing.

LEONARD P. FRIEDER. WALTER S. FINKEN.