US2409325A

US2409325A - Inhibiting treatment

Info

Publication number: US2409325A
Application number: US472410A
Authority: US
Inventors: George C Ward; Burnard T Pull
Original assignee: Celanese Corp
Current assignee: Celanese Corp
Priority date: 1943-01-14
Filing date: 1943-01-14
Publication date: 1946-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 1963-10-15

Description

Patented Oct. 15, 1946 INHIBITING TREATBIENT George C. Ward and Burnard T. Pull, Cumberland, Md., assignors to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 14, 1943, Serial No. 472,410

24 Claims (Cl. 8-61) This invention relates to the treatment of dyed textile materials and relates more particularly to the preparation of dyed fabrics made of or containing yarns having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose having colorations thereon fast to acid fading.

An object of our invention is to provide a novel method of treating colored fabrics having a basis of'cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose yarns which have been dyed with colors ordinarily not fast to acid fumes to inhibit the fading of said colored textile materials when exposed to suchfumes.

Another object of our invention is to provide colored fabrics having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose yarns, which colored fabrics are highly resistant to acid fading. p p

Other objects of our invention will appear from the following detailed description.

In the coloration of textile materials it is very desirable that the colors produced on the materials be as fast as possible to light, washing, and to other agencies such as acid fumes. Many dyestuffs yield on organic derivative of cellulose materials desirable shades which are fast to wash ing but these dyestuffs often suffer from a lack of fastness to acid fumes. When fabrics to which these dyestuffs have been applied are exposed to acid fumes, for example, the products of combustion of coal, gas, etc., the color undergoes a change in shade. This change is usually referred to as acid fading. The change which occurs may be a'dulling of the brightness of the shade in some instances, and in others there may be a definite change in color. This undesirable effect is frequently observed inthe case of many anthraquinone dyestuffs which yield valuable blue colors on organic derivative of' cellulose materials. When fabrics dyed with these colors are exposed to acid fumes the colors change from a pure blue shade to one having a reddish cast. On continued exposure to the acid fumes the blue color may even change to a pink color. Such changes naturally restrict the range of usefulness of thesedyestuffs and methods of'increasing the resistance of these dyes to acid fading are of great commercial importance. I

W have'now discovered that the acid-fading characteristics of organic derivative of cellulose textile materials dyed with dyestuffs which are ordinarily notfast to the action of acid fumes maybe substantiallyiimproved if there is applied to said dyed materialsya primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic hydroxy aminehaving at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatic amine. Examples of suitable aliphatic amines which may be employed in accordance with our invention are 3-amino-4-heptanol, 3-diethanolamino-4+heptanol, 3-amino-3-methyl-2-butanol, 2 -amino-2methyl-1:3-propane-diol, 3-diethylamino-propane-diol and N-dibutylamino-ethanol. The application of these hydroxy amines to dyed organic derivative of cellulose fabrics renders said fabrics highly resistant to the fading action of acid fumes. Due to this enhanced acid fading resistancewhich is imparted to the 'dycd fabrics by our novel treatment, the fabrics are much more satisfactory in service. They may be exposed to the concentrations of acid fumes normally present in the air for relatively long periods without any observed effect on the color. Fabric or other textile materials treated in accordance with our invention are highly satisfactory in service and, consequently, are of greatly increased commercial value.

The aliphatic hydroxy amine acid fading inhibitors of our invention may be applied to said dyed textile materials from aqueous or aqueous alcoholic solutions by immersing the textile material in the aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solutions thereof, but preferably the solutions are applied by padding operations.

The concentration of the aliphatic hydroxy amines in the aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solutions from which they are applied may vary depending on the amount of the hydroxy amine it is desired to place on the textile material. Satisfactory results may be obtained by having present in the solutions from 0.5 to 10% by weight of the hydroxy amine. However, we have found that in such solutions a 2% concentration of the hydroxy amine yields optimum results with respect to inhibiting acid fading. The aqueousalcoholic solutions employed as the solvent may comprise from 10 to by weight of alcohol but, preferably, the alcohol is present in such amount that it comprises about 35% by weight of the solution employed. The use of aqueous-alcoholic solutions enables the acid-fading inhibiting aliphatic hydroxy amines to be applied to said textile materials more rapidly and at lower temperatures. Better penetration is obtained due to the slight swelling effect which the: alcohol exerts on the organic derivative of cellulose materials and increased amounts of the hydroxy amines are soluble in the aqueous-alcoholic solutions.

7 The temperature at which the amine-containingsolutionsare applied to the dyed textile material may vary. When the solution comprises an aqueous solution of the amine and is applied by immersing the textile material therein, the temperature at which the solution is maintained may be from 40 to 90 C. and the material may be held therein for from 5 to 60 minutes to ensure that a suitable amount of the amine will be absorbed by the textile material. When a padding operation is employed for applying the aqueous amine solution, higher solution temperatures may be employed, for example temperatures of from 6.0 to 90 C. Usually, temperatures of about 85 C. are preferred for carrying out the-paddingoperation. When aqueous-alcoholic solutions of the amines are padded on the textile materials, lower temperatures such as to 40 .C ,i. e., about room temperature, are preferred.

Advantageously, certain cation-active agents may be applied to the textile materials prior to or simultaneously with the application of the acid-fading inhibitors. These agents not only serve to improve the adherence .of the inhibitors to the textile materials but also render the treated textile .materials quite resistant to the deleterious effects of washing. As a result, fabrics which have been so treated may be washed with little or no loss in their resistance to acid fading.' The cation-active agents employed in accordance with this invention are usually substituted quaternary ammonium compounds, for example, the quaternary ammonium .salts of fatty acid alkylamides, and are sold under the trade names of Aero Catamine, Sapamine KW, Igapal W, Hyamine A and Trigamine. When applied prior to the application of the amine, the manner in .which the cationactive agents are placed on the textile materials may comprise either. immersing the textile material in an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution of the cation-active agent or padding it with such solution. When applied simultaneously with the acid-fading inhibitor, the cationactive agent is added to the aqueous or aqueousalcoholic solution of the amine and the resulting solution may then be applied as heretofore described. Relatively small amounts of cationactive agents may be employed to obtain the desired results. Thus, for example, when the cation-active agent is applied in aqueous solution, prior to'treatment with the amines, to the organic derivative of cellulose textile materials, aqueous solutions containing from 0.2 to 1% by weight of the cation-active agent aresatisfactory. Maintaining the .textile materials in the solution for from 5 to 60 minutes while said solution is at a temperature of 30 to 75% C. is sufiicient to. render the material highly resistant to washing after the acid fading inhibitor is applied. Where the cation-active agent is added to the amine-containing aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution and is applied to the textile material simultaneously therewith, the cation-active agent may be present in the solution in concentrations of from 0.1 to 2% by weight. Optimum results are achieved with the cation-active agent present in the solution in a concentration of about 0.2% by weight.

In order further to illustrate our invention but without being limited thereto, the followin examples are given:

Example I ard acid fading test method. The unwashed sample undergoes no change in shade after a 16 hour exposure and becomes only slightly duller after a 40 hour exposure. The washed sample undergoes a slight change toward red after a 1G hour exposure and becomes considerably redder after a 40 hour exposure. The untreated fabric fades considerably after 16 hours exposure and fades completely to pink in 40 hours.

Example II A cellulose acetate fabric, dyed as in Example I, is immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.2% by weight of Aero Catamine which is at a temperature of 50 C. and is maintained therein for 45 minutes. After this treatment the fabric is entered into an aqueous bath containing 3% of 3-amino-4-heptanol maintained at50 C. and is held therein for 30 minutes. The treated fabric is then dried and a portion thereof is washed in 0.5% soap solution at 37 C. for 15 minutes. After drying, the washed and unwashed treated fabric is exposed to acid fumes in the standard testing device. The washed and unwashed treated fabrics undergo no change in shade after 16 hours exposure to the acid fumes and only a slight change in shade is observed after 40 hours exposure. As indicated in Ex.- ample I, a dyed but untreated sample of fabric fades completely after 40 hours exposure.

Example III Cellulose acetate fabric, dyed as in Example I, is padded with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing 34.8% by weight of ethyl alcohol and 4.3% by weight of 3-diethanolamino-4-heptanol. The solution is padded on the fabric at 20 C. After the padded fabric is dried, part of the treated fabric is washed in 0.5% soap solution at 37 C. for 15 minutes. After drying both washed and unwashed samples of the treated fabric are exposed to acid fumes. No change in shade takes place on 16 hours exposure and the treated fabrics become only slightly redder after 40 hours exposure.

Example IV Cellulose acetate fabric, dyed as in, Example I, is padded with an aqueous solution containing 2% of 3-amino-3-methyl-2-butanol, the solution being at C. during the padding. The padded fabric is dried and a part washed for 15 minutes at 37 C. in 0.5% soap solution. Dried samples of both the washed and unwashed treated fabrics are exposed to acid fumes. No change is observed in the shade of the unwashed sample after lfi hours exposure but the washed sample becomes slightly redder in that period. After a 40 hour exposure the unwashedsample becomes sliglliltly redder while the washed sample becomes pin While our invention has been described more particularly in connection with the treatment of dyed textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate to inhibit the tendency thereof toward fading when exposed to acid fumes, dyed textile materials having a basis of other organic derivatives or cellulose may be treated in like pionate and cellulose acetate-butyrate, and cellulose ethers such as ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely'by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

2. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile materials to acid fading, which comprises applying to said organic derivatives of cellulose textile material a cation-active agent and amember of the roupconsisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxymono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

3. Process forimproving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises applying to said cellulose acetate textilemateriala cation-active.

agent and a member of the group consisting of primary; secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of saidaliphatic hydroxy monoamine.

4. Process forimproving the 'fastness'ofcolorations on dyed organic derivative of cellulose texi tile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile material with an aqueous solution of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous solution of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linkedto the N-atom of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

5. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed organic derivative of cellulose textile material with an aqueous solution of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least 3 carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N -atom of the aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

6. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous solution of a cation-active agent and then .N-atom of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

7. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials a to acid fading, which comprises treatingsaid dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous solution containing from 0.2 to, 1% by weight of a cation-active agent and then treatingsaid material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy monoamines having at least 3 carbon atoms, in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of the aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine 8. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on, dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed material with an aqueous solution containing from 0.2 to 1% by Weight of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous alcoholic solution containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least 3 carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of the aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine. l l l l 9. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials toacid fading, which comprises treating the said dyed cellulose acetate textile material withsan s aqueous solution containing, from 0.2 to 1% by tion at a temperature of 10 to 40 weight of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous-alcoholicsolu- C. containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of a member of the group consistingof primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least 3 carbon atoms in at least one of the alkylchains linked to the N-atom of the aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine. a

10. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile mate rials to acid fading, which comprises treating the diethanblamino-4-heptano1.

said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous solution containing from 0.2 to 1% ing said material with an aqueous alcoholic solution containing from 0.5 to 10% by weight of 3- 11. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueousalcoholic solution comprising a cation-active agent and a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatichydroxy mono-amine.

12. Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing from 0.5 to 10% by weight of a member of the group consisting ofprimary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least taining from 0.5 to

13. Process for improving the fa'stness-of coloration-s ondyed cellulose acetate textile materials .to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous solution containing from 0. '1 to2% of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous solutioncontaining from 0.5 to 10% by :weight of a'member of the :group consisting of primary, secondaryand tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in atleast one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atomof said :aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

14. Process for improving the .f-astness of colan aqueous-alcoholic solution containing from 0.1 to 2% of a cation-active agent and then treating :said material with an aqueous solution coniby weight of a member of thegroup consisting of-primary, secondaryand tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at vleast three carbon atoms :in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said .ali-

,phatic'hydroxy mono-amine.

:15. Process for improving the 'fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with van aqueous-alcoholic solution at :a temperature of 10 to 40 C. containing from 0.5 to 10% by weight of a'member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic .hydroxy monoamines havingcat least three carbon atoms in at leastrone of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom ofsaid aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

16.Process of improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises padding saididyed celluloseacetate textile material 'with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing from 0.1 to 2% of a cation-active agentand from 0.5 to 10% by weight of a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the-alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatic 'hydroxy mono-amine.

17. Process for improving the .fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing a cationactive agent and from 0:5 :to 10% lby'weight of '3-diethanolamino-4-'heptanol.

18. Process for improving the fastness of .colorations on dyed cellulose acetatetextile material-s to acid rading,:which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing a cationactive agent and from 0.5 to 10% by weightof 3-amino-4-heptanol.

'19.'Process for improving the fastness of colorations on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fa/ding, which comprises padding said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous-alcoholic solution containing from 0.1 to 2% of a cation-active agent and from 0:5 to 10% by weightof 3-diethanolamino-e heptanol.

20. Process for improvingthe fastness of colorations-on dyed cellulose acetate textile materials to acid fading, which comprises treating said dyed cellulose acetate textile material with an aqueous solution containing from 0.1 to 2% of a cation-active agent and then treating said material with an aqueous solution containing from 0.5 to 10% by Weight of '3-diethanolamino-4- heptano'l.

'21. 'Dyed textile materials having a basis of an organic derivative of cellulose which are resistant to acid fading, characterized by having present thereon a cation-active agent and a member of the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines, having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the'N-atom'of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

22. Dyed textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate whichare resistant to acid fading, characterized by having present thereon a cation-active agent and a member of the group consisting .of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic hydroxy mono-amines, having at least three carbon atoms in at least one of the alkyl chains linked to the N-atom of said aliphatic hydroxy mono-amine.

123. Dyed textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate which are resistant to acid fading, characterized by having present thereon a cation-active agent and 3-diethanolamino-4- heptanol.

'24. Dyed textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate which are resistant to acid-fad- ,ing, characterized by having present thereon a