US2409303A - Lubricating oil - Google Patents
Lubricating oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2409303A US2409303A US535362A US53536244A US2409303A US 2409303 A US2409303 A US 2409303A US 535362 A US535362 A US 535362A US 53536244 A US53536244 A US 53536244A US 2409303 A US2409303 A US 2409303A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- disulfide
- sulfide
- lubricating oil
- mineral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title description 9
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- -1 anthracyl Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 3
- MVRPPTGLVPEMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 MVRPPTGLVPEMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGVIYLQXUDJMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tridecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O RGVIYLQXUDJMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical compound [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4-ol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSSCl PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXKVYSRDIVLASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dioctylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCC IXKVYSRDIVLASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTMRDOLOEDPHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipentylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCC PTMRDOLOEDPHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMGNVWZXRKJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CDMGNVWZXRKJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGRIFJMWFFDVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexylbenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 GGRIFJMWFFDVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCRKLZYTQVZTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O WCRKLZYTQVZTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPVAPKDUUYWBGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylbenzenethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S LPVAPKDUUYWBGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNMJZXNLJQLBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC1=C(O)C=CC=C1O NNMJZXNLJQLBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UECUPGFJVNJNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylbenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UECUPGFJVNJNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJSPWKGEPDZNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-benzylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HJSPWKGEPDZNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAHMVZYHIJQTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyclohexylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 OAHMVZYHIJQTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHDJXKNWFZQZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-octylbenzene-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1O KHDJXKNWFZQZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100114416 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) con-10 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Cd] NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010292 orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Substances SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/086—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/041—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds involving sulfurisation of macromolecular compounds, e.g. polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved lubricating oil adapted for use in internal combustion engines and particularly to a lubricating oil having one or more additives incorporated there-
- This application is a division of the application of John R. Morris and Rush F. McCleary, Serial No. 390,540, filed April 26, 1941, now Patent No. 2,374,559, dated- April 24, 1945, for Lubricating oil.
- rcsive properties when dissolved or dispersed in mineral lubricating oils. These anti-oxidant or anti-corrosive properties are meant to include all such properties which effect a reduction or bricating oil.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a mineral oil composition possessing detergent properties and enhanced anti-oxidant or anticorrosive properties by combining with the abovementioned multi-functional additive an auxiliary additive ingredient and incorporating the combination in a mineral lubricating oil.
- the invention is based upon the discovery of a novel class of multi-functional additives which may be broadly described as oil-soluble or oilmiscible metal derivatives of alkyl-substituted aryloxy or arylthiooxy sulfides. It has been found that when small proportions of a compound within the scope of the above general class are blended with a mineral lubricating oil, a mineral oil composition is formed possessing eiscellent detergent and anti-oxidant or anti-corrosive properties.
- the compounds of the present invention may be described as oil-soluble or oilmiscible metal salts of the class of compounds having the structure:
- R and R represent alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or naphthenyl or naphthenyl radicals, the alkyl portion of which contains at least 5 carbon atoms.
- R is preferably the same as R, but may also be a different radical within the above group.
- X and X represent either an oxygen or sulfur atom, and n, y, z are integers of 1' or more. 11 and y are usually 1, 2, 3 or 4, while Z usually 1, 2. or 3.
- Sn may be any one Di(tridecylphenol) naphthyl, anthracyl or other condensed aromatic nuclei.
- the positions of the substltuent in the formula are purely diagrammatic and may be connected to any position in the aromatic nuclei.
- the metallic derivatives of this class of compounds in which the hydrogen of the hydroxyl (OH) or sulfhydryl group (SH) illustrated above as XH and XH respectively, isreplaced by a metal, include any of the following metals or combinations thereof: sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese and chromium.
- These derivatives also include the partial derivatives wherein the hydroxyl or sulfhydryl groups are only partially converted into their metallic salts as follows:
- Example IV In the preparation of a partially converted varium salt of di(polymer phenol) disulfide, 100 grams of di(polymer phenol) disulfide (approximately 0.135 11101), from Example 111, were reacted with 11.5 grams of anhydrous barium hydroxide (approximately 0.0675 mol) in the presence of 200 cc. of toluene. The reaction mixture was stirred and heated to reflux under an automatic water separator for four hours, thereafter filterin through cloth and filter-cel. The filtrate then was freed of solvent by heating to -90 C. in vacuo. In the resulting salt it was found that only one-half of the phenolic groups was converted to the barium salt. It analyzed 7.62% sulfur and 7.0% barium.
- a lubricating composition comprising a mineral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1-5.0% by rivative of a compound of the formula in which R and R are radicals selected from the alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalky1 and other condensed of a sulfurized terpene hydrocarbon.
- a lubricating composition comprising a min- 011 having incorporated therein 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal salt of an alkyl substituted aryloxy sulfide and 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of a sulfurized terpene hydrocarbon.
- a lubricating composition comprising a mineral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1-5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal salt 7 0.1-5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal deriva- 5.
- a lubricating composition comprising a mintive of a compound of the formula: eral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl phenol sulfide, and a 0.6 to 5.0% by weight of a sullurized terpene hydrocarbon. 6.
- a lubricating composition comprising a minin which R and R are radicals selected from eral lubricating oil having incorporated therein the group consisting of alkyl; aralkyl, cycloalkyl 0.1 to 5.0% by weight or an oil-soluble metal salt and naphthenyl, the ailryl portion 0! which con- 10 of an alkyl phenol sulfide and 0.5 to 5.0% by talns at least 5 carbon atoms, X and X are eleweight of a suliurized terpinolene.
- v ments from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, 1!, v, z are integers 01 at least 1, and 0.5 JOHN R. MORRIS.
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 15, 1 946 2.409.303 LUBRICATING OIL John R. Morris, Lawrenceviile,
Ill, and Rush F.
McCieary, Beacon, N. Y., assignors to The Texas Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of ware Io Drawing. Original a Serial N 390,540, dated April 24, 1945.
tion May 12, 1944, Se
This invention relates to an improved lubricating oil adapted for use in internal combustion engines and particularly to a lubricating oil having one or more additives incorporated there- This application is a division of the application of John R. Morris and Rush F. McCleary, Serial No. 390,540, filed April 26, 1941, now Patent No. 2,374,559, dated- April 24, 1945, for Lubricating oil.
It is generally conceded that in the recent development of internal combustion engines, and particularly engines designed for heavy-duty service, the increase in operating temperatures, together with the reduction of clearances and the use of hard bearing alloys, such as copper-lead, cadmium-silver, etc., have set up such severe operating conditions as to necessitate an improvement in the highly solvent-refined mineral oils refined for use as crankcase lubricants. These rigorous operating conditions, which are most prevalent in Diesel and gasoline engines used in heavy duty bus and tractor service, have seriously accentuated such problem as corrosion, oxidation and resin formation in the solvent-refined mineral lubricating oils with the resultant dele-,
terious effect on the emciency of the engines. The nature and extent or these problems depend upon the conditions of operation of the particular engine type, the type and extent of refining ofthe base oil used, and numerous other factors.
The tendency of mineral lubricating oils to deposit gums, resins, soot and varnish-like materials about the valves, rings, pistons, cylinders and other engine parts can be largely overcome by the addition of certain types of additive ingredients which possess detergent properties when dissolved or dispersed in mineral lubricating oils. By detergent properties is meant not only that property which aids in dispersing, removing or purging foreign materials which accumulate on the surface of the engine parts, but also that property which prevents the accumula-' tion or deposition of such materials, as distinguished from solvent action upon thes accumulations or deposits.
In addition thereto the added tendency of these oils to corrode the metal surfaces with which the lubricating oil comes in contact may be overcome or reduced by the addition of additive components which possess anti-oxidant or anti-corpplication April 26, 1941, now Patent N Divided and this applicarial No. 535,362
6 Claims. (01. 252-42.7)
rcsive properties when dissolved or dispersed in mineral lubricating oils. These anti-oxidant or anti-corrosive properties are meant to include all such properties which effect a reduction or bricating oil.
It is the object 01' the present invention to provide a mineral oil composition which possesses the above-mentioned detergent and anti-oxidant or anti -corrosive properties by incorporating in a mineral lubrlcatng oil a novel additive ingredient of multi-functional activity.
A further object of this invention is to provide a mineral oil composition possessing detergent properties and enhanced anti-oxidant or anticorrosive properties by combining with the abovementioned multi-functional additive an auxiliary additive ingredient and incorporating the combination in a mineral lubricating oil.
The invention is based upon the discovery of a novel class of multi-functional additives which may be broadly described as oil-soluble or oilmiscible metal derivatives of alkyl-substituted aryloxy or arylthiooxy sulfides. It has been found that when small proportions of a compound within the scope of the above general class are blended with a mineral lubricating oil, a mineral oil composition is formed possessing eiscellent detergent and anti-oxidant or anti-corrosive properties.
Specifically, the compounds of the present invention may be described as oil-soluble or oilmiscible metal salts of the class of compounds having the structure:
in which R and R represent alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or naphthenyl or naphthenyl radicals, the alkyl portion of which contains at least 5 carbon atoms. R is preferably the same as R, but may also be a different radical within the above group. X and X represent either an oxygen or sulfur atom, and n, y, z are integers of 1' or more. 11 and y are usually 1, 2, 3 or 4, while zis usually 1, 2. or 3. Either or both of the aromatic nuclei diagrammatically shown may be substituted by a by Sn may be any one Di(tridecylphenol) naphthyl, anthracyl or other condensed aromatic nuclei. The positions of the substltuent in the formula are purely diagrammatic and may be connected to any position in the aromatic nuclei. The sulfide bond between the nuclei represented of the following structural groups:
The metallic derivatives of this class of compounds, in which the hydrogen of the hydroxyl (OH) or sulfhydryl group (SH) illustrated above as XH and XH respectively, isreplaced by a metal, include any of the following metals or combinations thereof: sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese and chromium. These derivatives also include the partial derivatives wherein the hydroxyl or sulfhydryl groups are only partially converted into their metallic salts as follows:
R e R I Q 15 XM XH and 8,. (Where M is a divalent metal) As illustrative of the specific compounds whose oil-soluble metallic derivatives fall within the scope of the present invention, the following list of compounds is presented:
Di(pentadecy1phenol) disulfide Di(octylphenol) disulfide Di(tridecylphenol) sulfide polysulflde Di(octadecylphenol) trisulfide Di(diamylphenol) disulfide Di(dioctylphenol) sulfide Octylphenol-amyiphenol sulfide Cetylnaphthol-isoamylphenol trisulfide Di(o-phenylphenol) sulfide Di(p-phenylphenol) di'sulfide Di(p-phenylphenol) polysulfide Di(o-benzylphenol) sulfide Di(p-benzylphenol) disulfide Di(amylresorcinol) sulfide Di(octylpyrogallol) sulfide Dl(o-cyclohexylphenol) disulfide Di(p-cyclohexylphenol) polysulfide Di(o-cyclohexylphenol) sulfide Di(naphthenylphenol) sulfide Di(naphthenylphenol) disulfide Di(pentadecyl-thiophenol) sulfide Di(tridecyl-thiophenol) disulfide Di(octyl-thiophenol) polysulfide Di(o-cyclohexyl-thiophenol) disulfide Di(p-benzyl-theiophenol) disulfide Di(o-phenyl-thiophenol) disulfide Di(naphthenyl-thiophenol) disulfide The following examples illustrate suitable methods for preparing the above-described multifunctional additives:
(Where M is a monovalent metal) aluminum, Y
Example I Example [I Percent Ash 18.8 Sulfur 6.9 Free sulfur 0.86
Eample 111 To '100 grams of polymer phenol (hydroxyl No. 166) prepared by the alkylation of phenol with a mixture of olefins (Bromine No. 129), with a boiling range of 350-450 E, which was separated from the raw polymer fraction from the catalytic polymerization of gasoline, was added an equal volume of carbon disulfide. A solution of 135 grams of sulfur monochloride in an equal volume of carbon disulfide was added portionwise to the solution of polymer phenol at room temperature while stirring. The resulting solution was maintained at room temperature until'the spontaneous evolution of hydrogen chloride gas had ceased then warmed gently on a steam bath to evaporate off th solvent, unreacted sulfur monochloride, and residual hydrogen chloride. The resulting di(polymer phenol) disulfide appeared as a dark residue and gave the following analysis:
Percent Total sulfur 8.13 Free sulfur Trace Example IV In the preparation of a partially converted varium salt of di(polymer phenol) disulfide, 100 grams of di(polymer phenol) disulfide (approximately 0.135 11101), from Example 111, were reacted with 11.5 grams of anhydrous barium hydroxide (approximately 0.0675 mol) in the presence of 200 cc. of toluene. The reaction mixture was stirred and heated to reflux under an automatic water separator for four hours, thereafter filterin through cloth and filter-cel. The filtrate then was freed of solvent by heating to -90 C. in vacuo. In the resulting salt it was found that only one-half of the phenolic groups was converted to the barium salt. It analyzed 7.62% sulfur and 7.0% barium.
These compounds have been excellent detergent However, the proportions preferred herein are between 0.25 and 2.0% by weight.
the folr An additional feature of is the combi colored compound as against the usual darkcolored sulfurized compounds.
As illustrative of the anti-corrosive properties of a lubricating oil containing either or both of suits oi the following empincal tests are presented: A copper-lead bearing specimen, incased in a special non-wear bushing and rotatably unless otherwise noted, are the normal salts, e. 3., containing no free hydroxyl groups. The results of two runs at 250 F. and 350? respectively. are presented:
Bearing corrosiom-c'opper lead (10 hours) Loss of weight in mgs. Oil tested 250 F. 350 F. Reference oil 38, 39 133, Reference oil-+05% barium di (tridccyl phenolete) disulfide l, 1 67, 71 Reference oil-l-0.6% barium di (polymer-phenolate) disulilde 0,0 Reference oil+0.5% calcium di (tridecyl phenolate) disulflde 2, 3 Reference oil+0.6% barium di (polymer-phenolate) disulflde+l.0% sulfurized terpinoleua. 0, l 0. 5 Reference o1l+0.5% barium di (polymer-phenolate) disulilde+3.0% sulfurized clay tower polymers 0, 0 0.1
pended claims.
We claim: 1. A lubricating composition comprising a mineral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1-5.0% by rivative of a compound of the formula in which R and R are radicals selected from the alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalky1 and other condensed of a sulfurized terpene hydrocarbon.
2. A lubricating composition comprising a min- 011 having incorporated therein 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal salt of an alkyl substituted aryloxy sulfide and 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of a sulfurized terpene hydrocarbon.
3. A lubricating composition comprising a mineral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1-5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal salt 7 0.1-5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble metal deriva- 5. A lubricating composition comprising a mintive of a compound of the formula: eral lubricating oil having incorporated therein 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an oil-soluble alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl phenol sulfide, and a 0.6 to 5.0% by weight of a sullurized terpene hydrocarbon. 6. A lubricating composition comprising a minin which R and R are radicals selected from eral lubricating oil having incorporated therein the group consisting of alkyl; aralkyl, cycloalkyl 0.1 to 5.0% by weight or an oil-soluble metal salt and naphthenyl, the ailryl portion 0! which con- 10 of an alkyl phenol sulfide and 0.5 to 5.0% by talns at least 5 carbon atoms, X and X are eleweight of a suliurized terpinolene. v ments from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, 1!, v, z are integers 01 at least 1, and 0.5 JOHN R. MORRIS.
to 5.0% by weight of sulfurized terpinolene. RUSH F. MccLEARY
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US535362A US2409303A (en) | 1941-04-26 | 1944-05-12 | Lubricating oil |
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US390540A US2374559A (en) | 1941-04-26 | 1941-04-26 | Lubricating oil |
US535362A US2409303A (en) | 1941-04-26 | 1944-05-12 | Lubricating oil |
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US2409303A true US2409303A (en) | 1946-10-15 |
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US535362A Expired - Lifetime US2409303A (en) | 1941-04-26 | 1944-05-12 | Lubricating oil |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2595161A (en) * | 1950-05-24 | 1952-04-29 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating composition |
US2673881A (en) * | 1951-10-31 | 1954-03-30 | Standard Oil Developoment Comp | Lubricant additives and production thereof |
US2690998A (en) * | 1951-04-18 | 1954-10-05 | Texas Co | Metal soap grease containing alkaline earth metal phenolate |
US2721845A (en) * | 1951-04-18 | 1955-10-25 | Texas Co | Metal soap grease containing alkaline earth metal alkyl phenol sulfide |
DE1068213B (en) * | 1959-11-05 | |||
US4225448A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1980-09-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Copper thiobis(alkylphenols) and antioxidant compositions thereof |
-
1944
- 1944-05-12 US US535362A patent/US2409303A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1068213B (en) * | 1959-11-05 | |||
US2595161A (en) * | 1950-05-24 | 1952-04-29 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating composition |
US2690998A (en) * | 1951-04-18 | 1954-10-05 | Texas Co | Metal soap grease containing alkaline earth metal phenolate |
US2721845A (en) * | 1951-04-18 | 1955-10-25 | Texas Co | Metal soap grease containing alkaline earth metal alkyl phenol sulfide |
US2673881A (en) * | 1951-10-31 | 1954-03-30 | Standard Oil Developoment Comp | Lubricant additives and production thereof |
US4225448A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1980-09-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Copper thiobis(alkylphenols) and antioxidant compositions thereof |
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