US2408406A - Electrical apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Patented vOct. 1, 1946 UNITED? STATES orifice .-.2408406 ELECTRICAL APPARATUS o n .Hugofenioii La Canada, Qaliflfassignofby mesneassignments, to SubmarineSignaLCom-J,

pany, Boston, Mass., a corporation-of Delaware original 'application April so, 194,1, serial NO .I

391,153,..l Divided and. this application October 8, 1941, Serial No. 414,133

The present application is a division of my` tive radiation with the use of a radiating horn' if flesiured.V

The presentinvention further is concerned with the production and radiation o frincreased power at thesevery,highvfrequenciesand to this'end employs aspecial type of .high frequency tank oscillator in which increased powermay be developed,y Thisoscil1ator preferably contains in series a main spark gap and two auxiliary spark gaps although the\.auxiliary spark gaps may be eliminated in the operation of the system. The power is supplied to this series circuit through the secondary of an air core transformer the primary of which is operated by a condenser discharge tube controlled or triggered periodically by means of a control tube, preferably a. thyratron. The circuit formed by the discharging condenser, the tube and transformer are arranged to have sufficient resistance to provide a highly damped type of oscillation so that only vthe initial oscillation will operate the circuit.

Further advantages and features of the present invention will be understood from the specication below taken in connection with the drawings in which Fig. 1 shows a 'vertical section through the apparatus; Fig. 2 shows a modified detail of an element shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 shows a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 shows a top view of the detail shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 shows a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 6 shows a circuit diagram which may be used in connection with any of the figures.

In Fig. 1 there is provided an airtight chamber I within a casing 2 which may be made of metal or conducting material with a valve 3 at one side through which air or gas may be pumped under pressure. The top of the casing is covered by a plate 4 which hermetically seals the casing by means of the bolts 5, 5, etc., extending all the way around the periphery and clamping the cover to the easing with an airtight seal 6 in between the top and the clamping edge and composed of 3 claims. `(c1. 25o-"arf A material transparent to waves suchv as Bakelite.'I T glass'or ceramic. Mounted on the bas'e 1'1of the" casing'is av supporting bracket V8` containing the sparklovscillating device 9 of the general type'de-L scribed in my 'cope'nding' application' Serial No.

362,434, med' october'l 23,' 1940. but 'differing in certainv respectsy willbe described later-;

are

Two high-tension insulators "I3 and II mounted in the'base 1 of the'c'hamberl and pro'- vide ai support 'respectively for the conductors" I2 and '1 3 in 'series with'eac'h of whichare resistors I4 and'IS and'thesparkg'aps I6 andv I1, re-

spect'ively.' Thev spark gaps"I3 and I1 are op-L. posed to the terminals I8 and I9, respectively, which,V in turn, connect to the 4metallccones'20.

and 2| tapering to center points.22 and 23 which are preferably ofsome, hard metal suchas tung-V sten. The cones 20 and 2I,are supported by mica insulating plates 24 and 25,.respe`ctively, which are mounted at the ends of the element 23 which is cylindrical in its outer shape .with 'the interior hollowed out to the shape of cones so that the i 24 and 25 are held fast. In back of the casing 2 may be operated and controlled through a circuit in which the thyratron tube 41 initiates the discharge through one of the condensers C1, C2 or C3 through the proper connection of the switch 44. The condensers C1, C2 and C3 are charged by the direct current high potential source indicated at 46 through one of the resistances R1 to R5 depending upon the position of the switch 45. The condensers are discharged by means of the thyratron tube 41 the grid of which is biased by the battery 48 in series with a triggering oscillating source 49 which may be sinusoidal peaked or sawtoothed in shape and may periodically furnish a suicient potential to the grid to initiate the discharge of the condenser circuit between the cathode and anode of the thyratron tube 41, and thus control the time of spark discharge. When the thyratron 41 breaks down, the resistance R1 to R5 connected in circuit is substantially shorted,

but the damping of the discharge is controlled by the adjustable resistance 43 to provide one major oscillation with only minor subsequent ones insufiicient to cause a breakdown of the oscillator spark circuit.

In the operation of the system shown in Fig. 1, the tank circuit is charged across from the spark point I5 to the spark point Il which, in turn, breaks down with the breakdown of the sparking points 22 and 23, thus causing an oscillation of electrical energy in the cones 20 and 2l and a radiation in the direction of the horn 50.

In the modication shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 an arrangement showing substantially half of the member 9 is illustrated. In this case the central conical element 5l is supported by the conical shell 52 by means of the mica disc 53 through the screws 54 holding the cone 5I to the mica and screws 55 holding the mica disc to the external cone 52. A uniform space 56 is provided between the elements 5| and 52. At the apex of the cone 5l there is attached a tungsten other sparking point 5l which is opposed by the point 53 adjustably positioned by means of the screw 5S on which the spark 55 is mounted. The screw 59 threads through the cylindrical end 6U of the element 52 and permits an adjustment by means of the screw 5S of the spark gap along the center axis of the cone. A window El is provided so that the adjustment of the gap may be properly viewed.

. Mounted in the cone elementV 5I may be the antenna t2 which may be of such a vdimension as to provide the desired resonance in tuning of the system. This unit may be substituted for the unit 9 in Fig. 1.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

1. An ultra-high frequency electromagnetic spark oscillating system, comprising, in combination, an electromagnetic spark oscillator, a charging circuit comprising a power source, an air core transformer having its secondary connected to said spark oscillator, a condenser and a resistor all in series with each other, a grid controlled gaseous discharge tube having its anode connected through said resistance to said powerl source on one side thereof and its cathode to said power source on the other side thereof and means for supplying a potential to said grid at predetermined times to operate said circuit.

2. An ultra-high frequency electromagnetic spark oscillating system, comprising, in combination, an electromagnetic spark oscillator, a charging circuit comprising a power source, an air core transformer having its secondary connected to said spark oscillator, a condenser and a resistance all in series with each other, a grid controlled gaseous discharge tube having its anode connected through said resistance to said power source on one side thereof and its cathode to said power source on the other side thereof and means for supplying a potential to said grid at predetermined times to operate said circuit and resistance means connected in series with said transformer to control the damping in the operation of said circuit.

3. An ultra-high frequency electromagnetic spark oscillating system, comprising, in combination, an electromagnetic spark oscillator, a charging circuit comprising a power source, an air core transformer having its secondary connected to said spark oscillator, a condenser and a resistance all in series with each other, agrid controlled gaseous discharge tube having its anode connected through said resistance to said power source on one side thereof and its cathode to said power source on the other side thereof and means for supplying a potential yto said grid at predetermined times to operate said circuit and resistance means connected in series with said transformer to control the damping of the discharge of said circuit by providing substantially one major electrical oscillation for the operation of said spark oscillator with only subsequent vminor oscillations incapable of operating said spark oscillator.

HUGO BENIOFF.

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