US2406172A - Platinum or allied metals, or their alloys, and articles made therefrom - Google Patents

Platinum or allied metals, or their alloys, and articles made therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
US2406172A
US2406172A US478552A US47855243A US2406172A US 2406172 A US2406172 A US 2406172A US 478552 A US478552 A US 478552A US 47855243 A US47855243 A US 47855243A US 2406172 A US2406172 A US 2406172A
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United States
Prior art keywords
platinum
alloys
metals
articles made
rhodium
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Expired - Lifetime
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US478552A
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Smithells Colin James
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Baker and Co Inc
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Baker and Co Inc
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/18—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details
    • H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
    • H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
    • H10N10/854—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising only metals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to platinum, or any of the following allied metals in the platinum group, namely, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, and palladium, and to alloys in which any of these metals forms the principal ingredient.
  • the invention also relates to articles made from such metals or alloys and required to be able to withstand high temperatures and corrosive actions, such as sparking plug electrodes, thermocouples, electric furnace heating elements, and wire gauzes foruse as catalyst gauzes in chemical operations. to minimise the normal tendency of the initially fine-grained structure of such metals or their alloys to change into a coarse-grained structure when subjected to high temperatures with consequent deterioration of their mechanical properties.
  • the invention consists of a material, or an article made therefrom, in the form of a compacted and sintered agglomerate of platinum or any of the allied metals above specified or an alloy thereof, and refractory oxide, the constituents being initially in a finely divided condition.
  • I may use commercially pure platinum, but preferably I use an alloy containing for example, about rhodium, or about 4% tungsten, or up to 30% iridium, or up to 30% ruthenium, the balance being platinum.
  • the required finely divided condition is obtained by any known and suitable process such as precipitation, or decomposition and reduction in hydrogen, and the metal in this condition is intimately mixed with any suitable and finely divided oxide, such as alumina, thoria,
  • the refractory oxide, or compound adapted to produce it subsequently is mixed with a compound of the metal (or compounds of the metals) before the reduction or decomposition.
  • Thequantity of oxide required is usually from about 0.1% to 1% of the weight of the metal, and preferably about 0.25%. The best amount for any particular purpose is readily ascertainable by experiment. If too little is used there will be insuflicient control of grain growth; if too much is used the resulting metal will be difficult to shape by swaging, rolling or drawing.
  • the mixture is then compacted by pressure, sintered, and subsequently swaged, rolled, drawn, or otherwise
  • the object of the invention is rhodium, and thorium oxide.
  • thorium nitrate containing 0.5 gram of thorium oxide (ThOz).
  • ThiOz thorium oxide
  • the resultant paste is evaporated to dryness with constant stirring to ensure a uniform distribution of the constituents.
  • the dried mass is then heated in a current of hydrogen at about 850 C. to decompose the rhodium and the thorium salts,.leaving an intimate mixture of platinum,
  • the product is sieved, packed into a steel mould and compressed under a pressure of about tons per square inch in order to form a coherent mass.
  • the compressed material is then heated at about 1400-1550 C.
  • I employ 96 grams of platinum dissolved in aqua regia, a solution of ammonium tungstate containing 4 grams of tungsten, and another or the same solution containing thorium nitrate having 0.2% grams of thorium oxide.
  • the tungsten and thorium solutions are added to the platinum solution, and after neutralising with ammonia, the mixture is evaporated to dryness.
  • the resulting powder is heated at about 800 C. in air and then heated to about 1000 C. in hydrogen.
  • the product consisting of finely divided platinum, tungsten and thorium oxide is formed into a bar by pressing in a steel mould at about 50 tons per square inch. The bar is then sintered in hydrogen for about two hoursat about 1450 C. and finally swaged, rolled or drawn to the required form and dimensions.
  • Materials made in accordance with the invention are characterised by having a higher tensile strength and greater hardness than corresponding materials made in the usual way, and by a crystalline structure which is satisfactorily stable at high temperatures.
  • the platinum, and platinum alloys produced in accordance with my invention are especially useful for use as sparking plug electrodes. They are also useful for thermo-couples, furnace heating elements, catalyst gauzes, and other articles required to resist high temperatures (of the order of 1000" C. or more), or corrosive actions under which metals produced in ordinary ways are liable to coarsening of the grain structure or other deterioration resulting in weakening such mechanical properties as strength or hardness.
  • a material as claimed in claim 2 which contains platinum alloyed with about 10% of rhodium, and about 0.5% of thorium oxide.
  • a material as claimed in claim 2 which contains platinum alloyed with about 4% of tungsten, and about 0.2% of thorium oxide.

Description

Patented Aug. 20, 1946 PLATINUM OR ALLIED METALS, (SR THEIR ALLOYS, AND ARTICLES MADE THERE- FROM Colin James Smithells, Rugby, England, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Baker and Co. Inc.,
Newark, N. J.
No Drawing. Application Mai-ch 9, i943, Serial 1109122478552. In Great Britain February '7', g
6 Claims. (Cl. i 22) This invention relates to platinum, or any of the following allied metals in the platinum group, namely, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, and palladium, and to alloys in which any of these metals forms the principal ingredient. The invention also relates to articles made from such metals or alloys and required to be able to withstand high temperatures and corrosive actions, such as sparking plug electrodes, thermocouples, electric furnace heating elements, and wire gauzes foruse as catalyst gauzes in chemical operations. to minimise the normal tendency of the initially fine-grained structure of such metals or their alloys to change into a coarse-grained structure when subjected to high temperatures with consequent deterioration of their mechanical properties.
The invention consists of a material, or an article made therefrom, in the form of a compacted and sintered agglomerate of platinum or any of the allied metals above specified or an alloy thereof, and refractory oxide, the constituents being initially in a finely divided condition.
For the production of materials consisting essentially of platinum, I may use commercially pure platinum, but preferably I use an alloy containing for example, about rhodium, or about 4% tungsten, or up to 30% iridium, or up to 30% ruthenium, the balance being platinum. The required finely divided condition is obtained by any known and suitable process such as precipitation, or decomposition and reduction in hydrogen, and the metal in this condition is intimately mixed with any suitable and finely divided oxide, such as alumina, thoria,
zirconia, lime, or oxides of the rare earths or alkaline earths, which are not easily reducible at the sintering temperature. Alternatively the refractory oxide, or compound adapted to produce it subsequently, is mixed with a compound of the metal (or compounds of the metals) before the reduction or decomposition. Thequantity of oxide required is usually from about 0.1% to 1% of the weight of the metal, and preferably about 0.25%. The best amount for any particular purpose is readily ascertainable by experiment. If too little is used there will be insuflicient control of grain growth; if too much is used the resulting metal will be difficult to shape by swaging, rolling or drawing. The mixture is then compacted by pressure, sintered, and subsequently swaged, rolled, drawn, or otherwise The object of the invention is rhodium, and thorium oxide.
treated to bring it to the form of a wire, or sheet 55 "is added an aqueous solution of rhodium ammonium chloride containing 10 grams of rhodium,
and an aqueous solution of thorium nitrate containing 0.5 gram of thorium oxide (ThOz). The resultant paste is evaporated to dryness with constant stirring to ensure a uniform distribution of the constituents. The dried mass is then heated in a current of hydrogen at about 850 C. to decompose the rhodium and the thorium salts,.leaving an intimate mixture of platinum, The product is sieved, packed into a steel mould and compressed under a pressure of about tons per square inch in order to form a coherent mass. The compressed material is then heated at about 1400-1550 C. in hydrogen for about one hour, the effect of this heating being to alloy the rhodium with the platinum, and to sinter the mass into a dense body, sufiiciently strong to enable it to be swaged, rolled, drawn, or otherwise treated to bring it to the form of a wire, sheet or any other desired condition.
In another example, I employ 96 grams of platinum dissolved in aqua regia, a solution of ammonium tungstate containing 4 grams of tungsten, and another or the same solution containing thorium nitrate having 0.2% grams of thorium oxide. The tungsten and thorium solutions are added to the platinum solution, and after neutralising with ammonia, the mixture is evaporated to dryness. The resulting powder is heated at about 800 C. in air and then heated to about 1000 C. in hydrogen. The product consisting of finely divided platinum, tungsten and thorium oxide is formed into a bar by pressing in a steel mould at about 50 tons per square inch. The bar is then sintered in hydrogen for about two hoursat about 1450 C. and finally swaged, rolled or drawn to the required form and dimensions.
Materials made in accordance with the invention are characterised by having a higher tensile strength and greater hardness than corresponding materials made in the usual way, and by a crystalline structure which is satisfactorily stable at high temperatures.
In the foregoing I have described the application of my invention to platinum or platinum alloys. But the invention is applicable in essentially the same way to the other allied metals already mentioned, namely, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, and palladium.
The platinum, and platinum alloys produced in accordance with my invention are especially useful for use as sparking plug electrodes. They are also useful for thermo-couples, furnace heating elements, catalyst gauzes, and other articles required to resist high temperatures (of the order of 1000" C. or more), or corrosive actions under which metals produced in ordinary ways are liable to coarsening of the grain structure or other deterioration resulting in weakening such mechanical properties as strength or hardness.
As regards materials produced from any of the other allied metals mentioned or alloys in which these metals form the principal ingredients I am unable on the basis of my present experience to specify any purpose for which they are especially useful, but such metals or their alloys, also possess the same property as the platinum materials above described, in that their grain size is satisfactorily stable at high temperatures, and.
therefore they may be applicable to a variety of uses in which this property serves a useful purpose.
In the foregoing I have given examples which enable anyone skilled in the art to produce materials in accordance with the invention, but I wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to those examples, as the relative proportions of the ingredients, the nature of the metals to be alloyed with the principal metal, the nature of the oxides used, the temperatures employed for heating the substances, and the mode of bringing the ingredients to the finely divided condition may be varied, provided always that the end product consists of the desired comacted, sintered a l merat As regards the pressures to which the ingredients are subjected,
these may vary over a wide range, as for example from 5-50 tons per square inch, the most appropriate pressure being dependent on the metal or alloy and the fineness of the powder, in all cases it being advantageous to make the compressed mass as dense as possible.
Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
l. A material in the form of a compacted and sintered agglomerate of a metal chosen from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium and alloys of these metals, and a refractory oxide, the constituents being initially in a finely divided condition.
2. A material in the form of a compacted and sintered agglomerate of platinum alloyed with a metal chosen from the group consisting of rhodium, tungsten, iridium nd ruthenium, in the approximate proportions specified, and a refractory oxide, both being initially in a finely divided condition, and the proportion of oxide being from about 0.1% to 1.0% of the weight of the metal. v
3. A material as claimed in claim 2, in which the oxide consists of thorium oxide.
4. A material as claimed in claim 2, which contains platinum alloyed with about 10% of rhodium, and about 0.5% of thorium oxide.
5. A material as claimed in claim 2, which contains platinum alloyed with about 4% of tungsten, and about 0.2% of thorium oxide.
6. Sparking plug electrodes, thermo-couples, electric furnace heating elements, catalyst gauzes, or like articles required to resist high temperatures or corrosive chemical actions, and
. made from a compacted and sintered agglomerate as claimed in claim 1 and containing platinum as the principal ingredient.
- COLIN JAMES SMI'I'HELLS.
US478552A 1942-02-07 1943-03-09 Platinum or allied metals, or their alloys, and articles made therefrom Expired - Lifetime US2406172A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1654/42A GB578956A (en) 1942-02-07 1942-02-07 Improvements relating to sparking plug electrodes

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BE (1) BE466569A (en)
CH (1) CH266685A (en)
DE (1) DE838067C (en)
FR (1) FR941701A (en)
GB (1) GB578956A (en)
IT (1) IT460208A (en)
LU (1) LU28048A1 (en)
NL (1) NL69608C (en)

Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467446A (en) * 1944-11-08 1949-04-19 Baker & Co Inc Catalytic oxidation of ammonia to oxides of nitrogen
US2476222A (en) * 1944-03-10 1949-07-12 Int Nickel Co Production of powdered metal mixtures for sintering
US2476208A (en) * 1943-10-28 1949-07-12 Int Nickel Co Sintered precious metal product
US2506414A (en) * 1947-12-05 1950-05-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealed wire contact device
US2537733A (en) * 1950-05-01 1951-01-09 Adolph Cohn Variable resistor
US2545438A (en) * 1949-01-12 1951-03-20 Baker & Co Inc Spark plug electrode
US2636819A (en) * 1951-01-31 1953-04-28 Baker & Co Inc Grain stabilizing metals and alloys
US2641582A (en) * 1950-10-03 1953-06-09 Universal Oil Prod Co Regeneration of a platinumcontaining catalyst
US2699518A (en) * 1952-03-19 1955-01-11 Cohn Eugene Grid for electron tubes
US2708253A (en) * 1950-11-18 1955-05-10 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniters
US2708252A (en) * 1950-11-18 1955-05-10 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniters
US2737541A (en) * 1951-02-17 1956-03-06 Roger S Coolidge Storage battery electrodes and method of making the same
US2752665A (en) * 1950-04-21 1956-07-03 Baker & Co Inc Grain stabilized metals and alloys
DE959857C (en) * 1954-06-16 1957-03-14 Thyssen Huette Ag Protection tube for thermocouples of the platinum group
US2786925A (en) * 1952-12-31 1957-03-26 Sprague Electric Co Metal film resistor
US2844868A (en) * 1954-06-01 1958-07-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Method of joining refractory metals
US2856491A (en) * 1952-09-27 1958-10-14 North Electric Co Electrical contact alloy of platinum group metal and zinc and method of making same
US2861114A (en) * 1955-05-23 1958-11-18 Nishimura Hideo Thermocouple and elements thereof
US2866692A (en) * 1954-06-28 1958-12-30 Roehm & Haas Gmbh Catalytic apparatus and method for protecting a metallic catalyst against injury
US2957037A (en) * 1959-07-16 1960-10-18 Battelle Development Corp Thermocouple
US2978314A (en) * 1956-03-05 1961-04-04 Fairchild Camera Instr Co Compositions for electrical resistance films
US3007990A (en) * 1960-03-29 1961-11-07 Gen Electric Thermocouple
US3009779A (en) * 1953-02-25 1961-11-21 Basf Ag Production of hydroxylamine
US3044867A (en) * 1957-05-15 1962-07-17 Messrs Aktiebolaget Svenska Me Method for the production of metallicceramic materials
US3049577A (en) * 1959-08-28 1962-08-14 Engelhard Ind Inc Composite material and thermocouple made therefrom
US3061756A (en) * 1960-07-05 1962-10-30 Monsanto Chemicals Spark plug
US3070436A (en) * 1959-03-17 1962-12-25 Curtiss Wright Corp Method of manufacture of homogeneous compositions
US3082277A (en) * 1960-04-19 1963-03-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Thermoelectric elements
US3099575A (en) * 1959-10-20 1963-07-30 Engelhard Ind Inc Thermocouple
US3109716A (en) * 1957-07-22 1963-11-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Lamellar metal structure
US3159460A (en) * 1957-07-10 1964-12-01 Engelhard Ind Inc Composite material
US3166417A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-01-19 Int Nickel Co Platinum-group metal sheet
US3229139A (en) * 1962-10-18 1966-01-11 John E Watson High temperature spark plug
US3305817A (en) * 1964-04-02 1967-02-21 Hitachi Ltd Electric strain gauge having platinumpalladium-molybdenum alloy filament
US3305816A (en) * 1964-02-08 1967-02-21 Hitachi Ltd Ternary alloy strain gauge
US3306857A (en) * 1962-03-28 1967-02-28 Du Pont Solid solution of w-v sc and thermoelectric element consisting of same
US3326645A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-06-20 Beckman Instruments Inc Cermet resistance element and material
US3362799A (en) * 1964-05-13 1968-01-09 Int Nickel Co Ductile ruthenium alloy and process for producing the same
US3423248A (en) * 1963-10-08 1969-01-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Gas diffusion electrode for electrochemical fuel cells and method of making same
US3506494A (en) * 1966-12-22 1970-04-14 Engelhard Ind Inc Process for producing electrical energy utilizing platinum-containing catalysts
US3622310A (en) * 1968-01-20 1971-11-23 Degussa Process of preparing noble metal materials having improved high temperature strength properties
US3665756A (en) * 1965-10-18 1972-05-30 Microdot Inc Strain gauge temperature compensation system
US4049513A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-09-20 Erco Industries Limited Treatment of cell anodes
US4186110A (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-01-29 United Technologies Corporation Noble metal-refractory metal alloys as catalysts and method for making
US4301032A (en) * 1980-05-21 1981-11-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Thorium oxide-containing catalyst and method of preparing same
EP0350152A2 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd An igniter plug particularly for use with very low temperature liquid fuel
US5275670A (en) * 1993-07-06 1994-01-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration High temperature, oxidation resistant noble metal-Al alloy thermocouple
USRE34778E (en) * 1981-04-30 1994-11-08 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Spark plug and method of manufacturing the same
EP0982409A2 (en) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-01 C. HAFNER GmbH & Co. Process for preparing articles from rhodium powder and articles prepared thereby
US6663728B2 (en) 2000-09-18 2003-12-16 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh & Co. Kg Gold-free platinum material dispersion-strengthened by small, finely dispersed particles of base metal oxide
US20090218647A1 (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-09-03 Ev Products, Inc. Semiconductor Radiation Detector With Thin Film Platinum Alloyed Electrode
US8436520B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2013-05-07 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode material for use with a spark plug
US8471451B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2013-06-25 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Ruthenium-based electrode material for a spark plug
US8575830B2 (en) 2011-01-27 2013-11-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode material for a spark plug
US8760044B2 (en) 2011-02-22 2014-06-24 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode material for a spark plug
US8766519B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2014-07-01 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode material for a spark plug
US8890399B2 (en) 2012-05-22 2014-11-18 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Method of making ruthenium-based material for spark plug electrode
US8979606B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2015-03-17 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Method of manufacturing a ruthenium-based spark plug electrode material into a desired form and a ruthenium-based material for use in a spark plug
US10044172B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2018-08-07 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode for spark plug comprising ruthenium-based material

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FR2429264A1 (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-01-18 Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PLATINOID COMPRISING A DISPERSE PHASE OF A REFRACTORY OXIDE
DE4417495C1 (en) * 1994-05-19 1995-09-28 Schott Glaswerke Prodn. of pure platinum materials reinforced with yttrium oxide
DE10005559A1 (en) * 2000-02-09 2001-08-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Metal alloy with ruthenium and spark plug with this alloy
EP3121297B1 (en) 2015-07-23 2020-12-16 Cartier International AG Method for obtaining a trim component in platinum alloy

Cited By (65)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476208A (en) * 1943-10-28 1949-07-12 Int Nickel Co Sintered precious metal product
US2476222A (en) * 1944-03-10 1949-07-12 Int Nickel Co Production of powdered metal mixtures for sintering
US2467446A (en) * 1944-11-08 1949-04-19 Baker & Co Inc Catalytic oxidation of ammonia to oxides of nitrogen
US2506414A (en) * 1947-12-05 1950-05-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealed wire contact device
US2545438A (en) * 1949-01-12 1951-03-20 Baker & Co Inc Spark plug electrode
US2752665A (en) * 1950-04-21 1956-07-03 Baker & Co Inc Grain stabilized metals and alloys
US2537733A (en) * 1950-05-01 1951-01-09 Adolph Cohn Variable resistor
US2641582A (en) * 1950-10-03 1953-06-09 Universal Oil Prod Co Regeneration of a platinumcontaining catalyst
US2708253A (en) * 1950-11-18 1955-05-10 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniters
US2708252A (en) * 1950-11-18 1955-05-10 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniters
US2636819A (en) * 1951-01-31 1953-04-28 Baker & Co Inc Grain stabilizing metals and alloys
US2737541A (en) * 1951-02-17 1956-03-06 Roger S Coolidge Storage battery electrodes and method of making the same
US2699518A (en) * 1952-03-19 1955-01-11 Cohn Eugene Grid for electron tubes
US2856491A (en) * 1952-09-27 1958-10-14 North Electric Co Electrical contact alloy of platinum group metal and zinc and method of making same
US2786925A (en) * 1952-12-31 1957-03-26 Sprague Electric Co Metal film resistor
US3009779A (en) * 1953-02-25 1961-11-21 Basf Ag Production of hydroxylamine
US2844868A (en) * 1954-06-01 1958-07-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Method of joining refractory metals
DE959857C (en) * 1954-06-16 1957-03-14 Thyssen Huette Ag Protection tube for thermocouples of the platinum group
US2866692A (en) * 1954-06-28 1958-12-30 Roehm & Haas Gmbh Catalytic apparatus and method for protecting a metallic catalyst against injury
US2861114A (en) * 1955-05-23 1958-11-18 Nishimura Hideo Thermocouple and elements thereof
US2978314A (en) * 1956-03-05 1961-04-04 Fairchild Camera Instr Co Compositions for electrical resistance films
US3044867A (en) * 1957-05-15 1962-07-17 Messrs Aktiebolaget Svenska Me Method for the production of metallicceramic materials
US3159460A (en) * 1957-07-10 1964-12-01 Engelhard Ind Inc Composite material
US3109716A (en) * 1957-07-22 1963-11-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Lamellar metal structure
US3070436A (en) * 1959-03-17 1962-12-25 Curtiss Wright Corp Method of manufacture of homogeneous compositions
US2957037A (en) * 1959-07-16 1960-10-18 Battelle Development Corp Thermocouple
US3049577A (en) * 1959-08-28 1962-08-14 Engelhard Ind Inc Composite material and thermocouple made therefrom
US3099575A (en) * 1959-10-20 1963-07-30 Engelhard Ind Inc Thermocouple
US3007990A (en) * 1960-03-29 1961-11-07 Gen Electric Thermocouple
US3082277A (en) * 1960-04-19 1963-03-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Thermoelectric elements
US3061756A (en) * 1960-07-05 1962-10-30 Monsanto Chemicals Spark plug
US3306857A (en) * 1962-03-28 1967-02-28 Du Pont Solid solution of w-v sc and thermoelectric element consisting of same
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB578956A (en) 1946-07-18
LU28048A1 (en)
CH266685A (en) 1950-02-15
DE838067C (en) 1952-03-27
IT460208A (en)
FR941701A (en) 1949-01-19
BE466569A (en) 1947-01-11
NL69608C (en) 1952-03-15

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