US2404351A - Forging press - Google Patents

Description

July 23, 1946.

H. N. ANDERSON FORGING PRESS Filed May 28, 1943 2 Sheets-Shagt l INVENTOR. #42010 M 4NQE/F50N July 23, '1946.

H. N. ANDERSON FORGING PRES S Filed May 28, 1943 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATZ'OP/VEKS.

Patented July 23, 1946 FORGING PRESS Harold N. Anderson, Rocky River, Ohio Application May 28, 1943, Serial No. 488,806

10 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a press of the type used for forging and drawing metals and for similar operations. The improvement relates to the changing of the position of the moving die generally while the latter is in motion and provides a means for varying the position of the stroke of a reciprocating press while always providing a positive stroke between rigidly supported members.

'An object of the present invention is the provision, in a machine having a die whose motion is controlled by a rotating shaft, of means for changing the position of the moving die relative to the cooperating die while the shaft is in rotation.

Anothero'bject of the present invention is the provision of novel means for automatically advancing a moving die toward a cooperating die while the moving die is in motion.

A more specific object of the present invention relates to that type of machine in which a die is moved by means of a rotating crank and consists in the changing of position of the crankshaft in a novel manner so as to vary the approach stroke ofthe dies. 1 1

My invention also provides a novel means for shifting the position of a shaft by means of GCCGIl-s,

tric bearings so as to vary the position of .a die driven from that shaft.

, Other improvements found in my present invention relate to a specific hydraulic means for carrying out the above named purposes.

Other advantages of my improved mechanism will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and specification and the essential features will be set forth in the appended claims. 7

In the drawings a v Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a forging press embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmental sectional view taken along the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 isa'diagrammatic view illustrating the hydraulic system for controlling the parts illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3;

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate other positions of one of the valves shown in Fig. 4; while Fig. 7 is a detail of a throttling valve shown in Fig. 4.

One of the disadvantages of forging presses, drawing presses and similar metal working machinery in common use today is that they must work at relatively low speeds if accurate die work is tobe performed. Obviously this remark does not apply to high, speed hammers, but this type of equipment is not adapted for accurate die work. I

The present invention provides means whereby a moving die or hammer may be driven at relatively high speed toward a piece of metal to be formed and which is held in a rigidly fixed coacting die or platen. The stroke of themovingdie is 'very accurately controlled so that an exact predetermined amount of work may be done on the metal at any one stroke and yetthe machine makes use ofthe momentum of the moving die to perform work. My invention is applicable to machines of this type whether they bevertical, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, or horizontal or inclined. h H

In the drawings I have illustrated my invention as applied to a forging press of the vertical type. This press comprises a frame I0 in the lower portion of which is rigidly fixed a platen or die II. In theupper portion of the frame suitably guided for sliding movement in a vertical direction is the slide or movable platen l2. Suitable dies may be provided in either or'both of the platens for producing the desired work in apiece of metal by forging or drawing operations or the like, as

will be readily understood by those skilled in this art. The movement of the platen I2 is provided by means of a rotatable shaft I3 which has a crank throw l4 operatively connectedbyth'e link or connecting rod l5 which is pivotally-mounted in the platen [2 at the point 16. It will be understood that wherever I have referred to a crank connection between the rotatable shaft and the moving platen I intend to include such connections as the Scotch yoke and other similar equiv alent connections. The means for rotating shaft l3 comprises a large gear I! rigidly fixed on or clutched to shaft I3 and meshing with pinion I8 on jack shaft i9. At its oppositeendthis jack shaft carries a combined pulley and flywheel 20 which has a suitable driving'belt connection 21 with the pulley 22 of motor 23.

Means is provided for varying the position of the upper end of connecting rod 15 relative to the frame In so as to vary the stroke of the platen l2, thus varying the relative approach ofthe movable platen to the stationary platen II. In the embodimentsh'own here the shaft l3, as best seen in Fig. 3, is mounted in a bearing 24 which is eccentric with respect to the axis of shaft [3. The bearing 24 is rigidly mounted in a shell 25, which in turn may be mounted in suitable bearings 26 in the frame Ill. The construction is the same in both side portions of the frame [0 and the two shells-25, as clearly shown in Fig.;1, are provided with arms 25a which converge centrally.

and toward the rear of the machine to a common point 21 where they have a pivot connection with there indicated, which moves the center of shaft I 3 from' the. upper position marked |3a to the lower position marked l3a'.

Preferably power means is utilized for moving the eccentric hearing as just described. To th s 7 end I have mounted a double acting cylinder and piston motor 28 on a trunnion mounting atthe point 29. The piston of this motor is connected by piston rod 3| with the pivot pin at the point' 21. A pressure fluid supply system for motor 25 34, valve 35,; conduit 36, valve 31 and conduit 38 to the upper end of the motorcylinderl; Obviously theworking portion of the stroke'of pIa'tnJZ occurs on downward movementof the later approaching platen l, and the non-working portion'of the stroke is its upper portion. This non-working portion occurs partly on the upstroke and partly on the downstroke. The working portion of the stroke occurs when the platen I 2 strikes the work resting on platen lVIeans is provided 'for "opening valve 31 automatically during the non-working portionof the stroke and for closing the valve during the'workingportion of thestrokea Such a means is here shown-oomprising an arm 3 Ta:for rotating valve31, this'arm having an open slot 31b in its free end which en-' gages 21-pin '39 carried by the platen I2. On the up stroke of platen l2, as best seen'in Fig. 4, the valve is carried to open position as shown in full lines. On the downstroke of platen 12 the valve is carried to closed position,'as shown in dot-dash lines." 'i

V The valve is to control the rate of flow through'-"conduits '34 and 36to valve 31 when it is' open,; Any suitable valve may beusedfo'itthis purpo e. but as here' indicated I have shownarotatable cock having a V-shaped port 35a extending through the center thereof so that'when the apex of theport begins to open a very nicecontrol of thea'mount of fluid flowing is provided.

The valve 33 is under 'controlof the operator and to this end I have'shown an arm 33a for rotating the valve connected by link with'treadle 4| which extendsto the front of the machine where it is provided with a foot-piece 42, The valve 33 has three positions as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. The position shown in Fig. 4 corresponds to the full line position of treadle 4 I and supplies pressure fluid as already described to the upper end of motor 28. Thesecond position of the valve shown in Fig. 515a neutral position which cuts 01? the supply of fluid in either direction. This second position corresponds to the broken; line positionof treadle 4| in Fig. 4 anda heavy spring 43 is provided 'at this point so as to warn the operator upon further depression of the foot piece .42. The third position of valve 33 is' illustrated in 6. This'cuts off the supply of fluid from conduit'32to conduit 34 as previously described and provides a'flow from conduit 32 through conduit 44 to'the lower end of moto'r'28fo1 operating piston 3|] in the opposite direction, This removed from the 'foot piece 42, whereupon spring 45 (Fig. 4) moves treadle 4| to the dot-dash line.

position, moving valve '33 to the position of Fig. 6 just described.

It will be noted that valve 33 and its connections with motor 28 have been arranged for use of an incompressible fluid, such as oil. The passages of the valve are therefore arranged so that in the position of Fig. 4, when flow. occurs between conduits 32 and 34 on the intake side, fiuid' exhausting from.motor 28'flows;frorn conduit 44 to conduit 46, which is intended to indicate a flow back to a tank or reservoir for the pump supplying conduit 32. In like manner, when valve 33 is in the position of Fig. 6 fluid flow is directly from conduit 32 to conduit 44 on the intake side and the return flow is from conduit 34 to conduit I 46 back to the tank.

It is believed that the operation of my improved device will now be apparent. With the parts in the full line position of Figs. 3 and 4, the shaft I3 is in its uppermost position and the platen I2 is in its most remote position with respect to platen l Control button 41 or some similar control rneansris now operated to start motor 23. An abutment type of air clutch (not shown) in the drive from motor 23 to shaft I3 is then engaged; This produces rotation of shaft |3, which, by the crank connection l4, causes repeated vertical strokes of platen Y |2. If an -article to be worked uponis held betweenthe eoacting platen a stroke of predetermined length will produce a predetermined amount of work on the article until some change in eccentric bearing 24 occurs. If the opposition of Fig. 4, fluid is supplied through valves 33. 35 and 31 at eachgupward stroke Of platen I2. Since this occurs when the loadis removed from the moving platenit is notjvery difficult to rotate theeccentric bearing. At, each upward movement of platen l2 a. shot of pressure fluid is supplied abovev'piston 30, causing intermittent downward movement of the same, which carries with it the arms 25a soas to gradually rotate the eccentric bearing 24 to the dot-dash position of Fig. 3. .{Ifhe amount of each of these successivemovementsor the amount of the shot of. fluid suppliedateach operation of .valve 31 depend s upon the setting of the control valve 35 as willreadily appear. The operator may maintain the foot piece 42 in the fully depressed position indicated at full lines in Fig. 4 as long a s he desires the platen l2 tobe movedcloser to the platen II on each stroke. If at any time he desires two or more strokes without further relative approach between". the two platens he simply decreases the pressure on the foot piece 42 until spring 43 moves to its unstressed position indicated in Fig. 4, whereupon the treadle is inthe brokenlineeposition there shown and the valve 33 is inthe neutral position of Fig. 5. In this position of the parts n0 movement of piston .30 occurs. Upon completion of the work upon the article the operatorremoves his foot permitting treadle 4| to move tothe dotdash position of Fig. 4 and placing valve-33 in the position of Fig. 6. This suppliesfluid'b eneath piston 30 and returns the arms 25a to theiruppermost position and turns the eccentric bearin 24 to the position indicated in full lines in'Figs. a 3 and 4. The parts are then in the position for operating upon another article. Y a

The valve 33 might be arranged to'supplyfluid directly from conduit 32 to conduit3|i in the neutralposition shown in Fig. 5. butotherways of re moving p essurefrom the pump are-we'll known;

such as a spring-loaded by-pass direct from th pump discharge to the supply tank. i

It will be noted from Fig. 2 that the relationship between gear I1 and pinion I8 is such as to permit the downward movement of gear l1 along with shaft I3 in the manner just described without seriously interfering with the suitable mesh ing of the teeth of the gear and pinion. Other means are available for accommodating this downward movement of shaft l3,- but the same forms no part of the present invention. J

It will be seenfrom the above description that I have provided rigid support for platen l2 at all times with meansfor varying the position of platen 12 relative to platen I I while the machine is operating and shaft l3'fis rotating; The change of the stroke of platen l.2']is always deflnit and is under the control of the operator. 'He'may produce a small or large increment of approach between the coacting platens at each stroke of the movable platen and he may stop such approach movement or cause retrograde movement between the platens at any time he desires.

My improved device herein disclosed has the advantages of a press and of ahammer also. It is like a press in that the stresses are self-contained and the amount of deformation of the metal worked upon is predetermined by the setting of the dies. In hammer operations there is no predetermined distance between the dies at each stroke, but instead the amount of deformation occurring at each stroke of the hammer is dependent upon the resistance of the work. It

has the advanta e of a hammer over a press in that it permits a gradual approach of the dies, shaping the work by repeated blows, which refines the metal and which permits the removal of scale between blows. My improved device is able to; duplicate the higher momentum of the hammer, forcing the metal into the sharp corners of the dies, if there be such.

What I claim is:

1. In a press of the type comprising a pair of coacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a substantially linear stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an operative connection between said movable platen and said shaft including a connection eccentric with said shaft, and means operable by movement of the press for varying the eccentricity of said connection relative to said shaft.

2. In a press of the type comprising a pair of coacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a substantially linear stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an operative connection between said movable platen and said shaft including a connection eccentric with said shaft, power means for varying the eccentricity of said connection relative to said shaft, and control means for said power means having an operative connection with said movable platen.

3. In a press of the type comprising a pair of coacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a substantially linear stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an operative connection between said movable platen and said shaft including a connection eccentric with said shaft, power means for varying the eccentricity of said connection relative to said shaft, and op-.

erator-operable control means for causing said power means to vary the eccentricity of said connection in a manner to produce closer relative approach movement of said coacting platens, said control means being provided with means automeans by said operator to produce-retrograde movement of said movable platen relative'to said tatable' shaft, a drive connection between said movable platen and said shaft, a bearing for "said shaft'eccentric of the latter, cylinder and piston, motor means having an operative connectionwith said bearing for rotating the latter, a pressure fiuid supply for operating said motor in a direc tion to vary the eccentricity of said bearing in a manner to produce-closer' relative approach movement of said coacting platens, a valve in said pressure fluid supply, and means foropeningsaid valve responsive to a portion of said stroke when said movable platen is out of engagement with the work.

5. In a pressof the type comprising a pair of coacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a stroke movement wherein the working portion of the stroke occurs upon.

relative approach of said platens and the nonworking portion of the stroke occurs upon relative recession of said platens, a rotatable shaft, a drive connection between said movable platen and said shaft, a bearing for said shaft eccentric of the latter, cylinder and piston motor means having an operative connection with said bearing for rotating the latter, a pressure fluid supply for operating said motor in a direction to vary the position of said bearing in a manner to produce closer relative approach movement of said coacting platens, a valve in said pressure fluid supply, means for opening said valve during the nonworking portion of the stroke of said movable platen, and a second valve operator-controlled in series with said first named valve.

6. In a press of the type comprising a pair of coasting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a stroke movement wherein the working portion of the stroke occurs upon relative approach of said platens and the nonworking portion of the stroke occurs upon relative recession of said platens, a rotatable shaft, a drive connection between said movable platen and said shaft, a bearing for said shaft eccentric of the latter, double-acting cylinder and piston motor means having an operative connection with said bearing for rotating the latter, a pressure fluid supply for operating said motor in a direction to vary the position of said bearing in a manner to produce closer relative approach movement of said coacting platens, a valve in said pressure fluid supply, means for opening said valve during the non-working portion of the stroke of said movable platen, and a second valve operator-controlled in series with said first named valve, said second valve having three positions, namely, a fluid supply position, a fluid cut-off position, and a third position adapted to supply pressure fluid for operating said motor in the opposite direction for producing rotation of said eccentric bearing in a manner to provide retrograde movement of said movable platen relative to said coacting platen.

'7. In a press of the type described, a frame, a relatively fixed platen, a crankshaft, a movable platen carried thereby in position to coact with said fixed platen, said frame having spaced rigid members, axially alined bearings equally eccentric with respect to said shaft and supporting the latter. in said frame members,-.and means for simultaneously rotating said bearings to vary the distance between said platens.

8. In a press of the type comprising a coacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an operative connection between said movable platen andsaid shaft, power means for varying the relative approach movement of said coacting platens, a power source for said power means, a control member for said source, means for moving said control member to power supply position responsive to a portion of said stroke when said movable platen is. out of engagement with the work, and a second operatoroperable c'ontrol 'member connected with said power source in series with said first named controlmember.

9. In a press of the type comprising a pair ofcoacting platens at least one of which is movable relative to the other in a stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an operative connection between said movable platen and said shaft, power means for varying the relative approach movement of said coacting platens, a power source for said power means, a control member for said source, means for moving said control member to power supply position responsive, to a portion of said pair of stroke when said movable platen'is out of engage ment with the work, and a second control member, connected with said power source in series with said first: named controlmember and adjustable to vary "the amount of powerrsupplied upon movement ofsaid first named control memher to power supply position.

10. In a press of the type comprising a pair of coacting platens at least one ofwhich is movable relative to the other in a stroke movement, a rotatable shaft, an'operative connection between said movable platen and :said shaft, power means for varying the relative approach movementsof saidcoacting platens, arpower sourcefor said power means, a controlmemberfor said source, means for moving said-control member to power supply position responsive toga portion of said stroke when said movable platen is out of engage- HAROLD N; ANDERSON.

Images