US2403822A

US2403822A - Cylindrical press structure

Info

Publication number: US2403822A
Application number: US362634A
Authority: US
Inventors: Johan A Muller
Original assignee: Hydraulic Development Corp Inc
Current assignee: Hydraulic Development Corp Inc
Priority date: 1940-10-24
Filing date: 1940-10-24
Publication date: 1946-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 1963-07-09

Description

July 9, 1946. Y I'J. A.YMULLER 3 I J 2,403,822

CYLINDRICAL PRESS STRUCTURE Filed 001:. 24, 1940 5 sheets-sheet 2- 45: 2/ 4 JOHAN A. MULLED July 9, 1946. J A MULLER 2,403,822 v .cYLINb IcAL PRESS STRUCTURE Filed Oct. '24, ,1940 1 5 Sheets-Sheet s V lNvEN oR JoHAN A. MULLER ATTORNEYS y 1946- J. A. MULLER 2,403,822

CYLINDRICAL PRESS STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 24, 1940 2 TB. Int-1.5. 1

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 by JOHAN fLMULl-ER, v

Patented July 9, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE to The Hydraulic Development Corporation, Inc., Wilmington, Del., a corporation .of Dela- Ware Application October 24, 1940, Serial No. 362,634

35 Claims. 1

This invention relates to presses, and in particular to the main body of a press comprising the press head andpress bed. I

Heretofore it was standard practice in the building of presses with a press head and press bed to cast the head andgthe'bed of a press separately and to connect the same by means of strain rods. Such castings include very heavy projecting lugs through which the strain rods pass and which cause such variations in thickness of the sections that it is very ditficult to get a sound casting. Furthermore, considerable machining is required for providing the shoulders on the castingsfor the strain rods and for boring the holes through which the strain rods are passed. In-

addition to the expensive material required for the said strain rods, the assembling and proper locating of the strain rods and of the bed and head castings takes considerable time, thereby further increasing the cost of production of such presses.

It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide a press body comprising a press head and press bed which is simplein construction, relatively cheapto manufacture, and makes it possible materially to reduce the time heretofore required for assembling the various press members.

It is another object of the invention to provide a press comprising a press head and press bed, in whichrthe strain rods heretofore required for spacing and connecting the head and bed of a press are eliminated.

It is a. further object of the invention to provide a press of the type set forth above, in which the press head is directly placed upon the press base.

, ,A still further object of theinvention consists in the provision of a press body with a press head and press bed, in which the press head and press base are ,cast as a single unit of fairly uniformsection and may be machined from oneend of the casting in one machining setup. 7

It is still another object of the invention to provide a press with-apress bed and press head, in which the press bed and press base constitute a single cast unit with a longitudinal cored bore therethrough, which bore is open at one end and closed at the other end and hasapfirtures intermediate said ends for allowing the insertion of the press platen.

It is a still; further object of the invention to provide a press of the- .-type set iorth in the Preceding paragraphs, in which the press base comprises amultiple partpress bed;

.Another object of the invention consists in 2 providing a press body with integral press head and press base, which has simplified means for guiding the press platen and allows of said guiding means being machined with the same machining setup which is used ior machining the cylinder bore in the press ,bocly.

Still another object of the invention consists in the provision of a press body in which the press head is integral with a solid press bed.

These and otherobjects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the fole lowing specification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the press body according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the in.- vention partly in section along the line 2-2 of Figure 3. I

Figure 3 is a. section along the line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 illustrates a-section along the line v4 l of Figure 2. r V

Figure 5 shows a modificationof the lower part of the press body illustrated in Figure 2.

I Figure 6 is asection along the line 6..6 ofthe press body shown in Figure 7 and constitutes a further embodiment of the invention.

Figure 7 shows a Section along the line 1910f Figure ,6 in which, however, the press [ram and press platen are not shown in section to indicate the outer contour thereof. 1

Figure .8 is a still further embodiment ,of the invention showing the presshead and pressbed as separate castings which are directly superimposed upon each other.

Figure 9is an embodiment somewhat similar to Figure 8, in which the press head .and press base are connected with each other by a kind of bayonetjoint.

Figure 10 shows an exploded viewof the bayonet joint ,used in the structure .of Figure 9.

Figure 11 shows, on a somewhat smaller scale, the method-of assembling the press bed of the structure illustratedin Figure 9. K Y

Fi ure 12 shows a detail of the invention.

Figures 13 to i9illustrate:a;,convenient1nanner of assembling the press platen and press bed in a press ;body according to ,the invention.

F gu 20 how a s iqn thr u h-.as t ll fur-- t m iment o t e invention Figure 21 is a viewof a still iurther 'en bodia men o t e invent on w ch -.e.,mbodimen -all w t e .emplqyrnentcf a circu ar p aten a d has nrovisionafora s m ified .assemb here in th press'body.

Figure 22 is a vertical section through Figure 21.

Figure 23 is a section along the line 23-23 of Figure 22, and

Figure 24 is a section along the line of Figure 22.

Referring to the drawings in detail and in particular to the embodiment of Figure 2, the press body illustrated therein comprises a press head I and press base 2 which are integral with each other and preferably cast as a single unit. The press head I carries a fluid storage tank 3 which is connected with the press head in any convenient manner. The press head has a cylinder chamber 4 with a cylinder bore 5, in which the press ram 6 is reciprocably mounted and which is adapted to communicate through a surge valve 1 with the fluid tank 3. The surge valve 1 does not form a part of the present invention and for a more detailed description thereof reference may be had to U. S. Patent No; 2,193,248 to Walter Ernst. The purpose of the surge valve 1 is to prefill the cylinder chamber 4 and cylinder bore 5 at the beginning of the downward stroke of the press ram 6. The press head I is furthermore provided with an inlet 8 communcating with a conduit 9 for supplying pressure fluid from a pressure fluid source (not shown) to the cylinder chamber 4. To prevent leakage from the cylinder chamber 4 and cylinder bore 5 toward the outside, a packing I is provided compressed by a gland As will be seen from Figure 4, the gland H is made up of a plurality of segments, Ila, Ilb, He and lld, which are connected to the shoulder l2 of the press head by means of screws l3 and are inter-connected by connecting members l4 which are fastened to two adjacent segments by means of screws l and connected to the shoulder l2 by screws Hi.

The press ram 6, which is provided with hollow chambers H and bores l8, has a central circular recess I9 with a centering disc 20 therein, a portion of which extends into a recess 2| provided in the press platen 22 which is adapted to support a die (not shown). The disc is intended to properly locate the press platen 22 with regard to the press ram 6.

The structure of Figure 2 is provided intermediate the press head and press base with

lateral windows

23, 24, having machined edges 25 servingas guiding surfaces for gibs 26 connected in any convenient manner, for instance by screws 21, with the press platen 22. The width of the

windows

23, 24 is such as to allow insertion of the press platen 22 with its smaller sides through said windows, while the length of the platen 22 is greater than the width of said windows. Provided in the lower surface of the pres platen 22 and connected therewith in any convenient manner are wear plates 28, preferably provided with a curved portion 29, adapted to be engaged by the correspondingly shaped upper portion of a push back plunger 30. The push back plunger 30 is reciprocably mounted ina push back cylinder 3| which is connected by oems of its flange 32 and screws 33 with hollow-segments 34. To prevent leakage from the push back cylinder 3| toward the outside, a packing 35 compressed by a gland 36 is provided. The segments 34 which may in part be inserted into the press base through the opening 3l'thereof and through the

windows

23, 24, are provided with a shoulder 38 adapted, when properly located, to engage a correspondingly shaped shoulder 39 in the press base. The segments 34 are furthermore provided with a shoulder 40 for receiving and locating a central or cylindrical member 4|;which is of such diameter as to allow its insertion into the press body through the

windows

23, 24. If desired, means such as a key or pin may be provided for preventing an accidental turning movement of the central or cylindrical member 4|. Similarly, the segments 34 are held in their position by keys, pins or the like. The central member 4|, together with the segments 34, constitutes the press bed which is adapted to support a work piece.

After the casting comprising the press head and press base 2 has been properly machined on its inside for receiving the press ram 6, press platen 22 and segments 34, the different press members can easily be inserted into the casting in any desired manner. A convenient method for assembling the various press members is illustrated in Figures 13 to 16. According to this method the casting comprising the press head and press base-2 is placed upside down with the top part on the floor. The ram 6 is then lowered in position through the opening 31 which is slightly greater than the diameter of the press ram in order to provide the necessary clearance therefor. Thereupon the packing H1 is inserted and the gland II, in the present instance made up of four sections, is fastened to the shoulder H to hold the packing in place. After the ram and the gland are thus located, the centering disc 23 is inserted into the recess IQ of the ram. Now as indicated at Figures 14 and 15, the platen 22, the width of which is less than the width of the

windows

23 and 24, is passed with its smaller side portion through one of said windows and pushed over the ram bottom until its recess 2| is engaged by the centering disc 20. The platen 22 is then given a one-quarter turn, as indicated in Figure 16, and the gibs 2B are fastened to the front and back of the platen so that they are adapted to slide along and be guided by the beveled surfaces on the machined edges or surfaces 25. The casting 2, can now be turned over so that the base 2 rests on the floor, while care is to be taken that the ram and platen will stay in their top position. With the press body in its proper position, the bed can now be inserted into the press base. To this end the segments 34 are inserted, preferably through the

windows

23, 24, into the press base and so located therein'and connected therewith, that they define a cylinder. Then the lower part of this cylinder is temporarily filled with blocks or a device like a jack which can be worked from below the floor level, whereupon the central member 4| is inserted through one of the

windows

23, 24, and gradually lowered into the cylinder defined by the segments until the cylindrical member 4| engages the shoulder 40 of the segments 34. After the cylindrical member 4| is secured against accidental turning movement in the segments 34, the push back cylinders 3|, together with the push back plungers 30, are lowered into the recesses or cores provided in correspondingly located segments and are fastened thereto by means of the flange 32 and screws33. Finally, the surge valve 1 and the tank 3 are mounted on the press head, while the cylinder chamber 4 and the push back cylinders 3| are connected with their pipes. As is usual in the press art, also stop members 42, not shown in Figures 4 and 5, are connected to the press bed in order to prevent the press platen 22; or a die connected there- -erably; cylindrical and practically without any laterally pro-trudingportions so that the space required; for the press body is reduced to a minimum.- A's-previously mentionedf-the press body comprising the press head and press base ismade as a -single casting with a cored longitudinal bore I therethrough which is closed at the press head and-open at the press base, and intermediate the press'base and press head communicates with the' outsideby the cored windows. *This structure; in addition to its rigidity and materially simplified shape, has the further advantage that the machining operations-are practically reduced to boring and turning work. It should also be noted that due tothe absence of laterally protrudingwall portions of the press body heretofore required for the strain rods, and due to the fact that the press head and press bed'are connected'with-each other by the wall of the press.

body, the horizontal distance between the axis of the press cylinder and the 'remotest point of the wall of the press body is reduced to a minimum; thereby materially decreasing'the bending force exerted by the press ram on the wall of the press body.

' As will be clear. from the above description, the main casting comprising the press head and press base can be machined entirely in one setup from thejbase opening of the casting, The'construction is such that a boring bar may be inserted intothe. casting which is used for driving the cutting tools supported by bearings or steady rests, one mounted outside ofthe base and the other mounted between the head and base section. Also the segments '34 and central member 4| can easily be machined by mere turning operations' Consequently, the press body as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 considerably simplifies the construction and assembly of presses comprising a press head and press bed.

are advantages pQinted out above also apply wholly or to a great extent to the remaining embodiments shown in the drawings.

Referring to Figure 5, the structure shown therein differs from the structure in Figure 2 merely in that the segments 34 and the central member 4| are replaced by a single cylindrical bed member 43 which on its periphery is provided with a thread 44 engaging a corresponding thread in the press base. The bed'member 43 is properly located and held in its position by means of a .pinor key 4'5,'engaging .a bore 46 in the press base and a bore 41 in the bed member 43. The diameter of the thread 44 may be at .least as large as the diameter of the curved wall portions between the windows, in'which wall portions the press platen reciprocates. This arrangement allows of the platen'being inserted through the threaded bore in the press base. structure of Figure 5 corresponds to that of Figure2.

M Withregard to Figures 6 and 7, the press body shown, therein is similar toithe press body of ll'i leZwith the exception of thepress bed.- The; parts pf Figuresfi and 7 corresponding to 6 those-of'Figure 2 are, therefore, designated with the same reference numerals.

-As will-be seen from Figures '6 and 7, the press base 2 is provided with a, cylindrical stepped bore 48 having an annular shoulder 49 on which rests the bed member 50. The contour of the upper portion of the bed member 58 is similar to the outer contour of the platen 22, as illustrated in Figure 18. The bed member 50 is also provided with openings 5| for receiving the push back cylinders 3| in the manner described in connection with Figure 2. Similar to the platen 22, the bedimembercll is inserted'into the

press body through'thewindows

23, 24, as shown in Figure 18, whereupon the bed member 50 is turned by ninety degrees, as indicated in Figure 19, and temporarily held in' lifted position so that its upper portion can be reached through the

windows

23 and 24. Now side members or segment pieces .52, having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the bore 48, are inserted into the press base and connected with the bed member50 in any convenient manner, for instance by screws 53. Thereafter the press bed composed of the bed member 513 and side members 52 is gradually lowered into the press base untilit engages the shoulder 49 of the bore 48. After thepress bed is so located it is prevented from accidental turning movements by a key or the like. The push back cylinders 3| may then be lowered into thepress bed and fastened thereto,

while stop members'54 are mounted on the press bed. .As will be obvious from a comparison of Figuresfi and 7 with Figures 2 and 5, the bed structure of Figures 6 and '7 is somewhat simplified over that shown in Figures 2 to 5.

t Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of the invention according to which the strain rods heretofore required for connecting the press head and press bed with each other are likewise eliminated. According to Figure 8, the. press head 55 and press bed 56 are made as; separate castings which are superimposed upon each other so that the press head directly rests upon the press bed. The press head and press bed are bolted together by bolts 51 passing through flanged portions 58 and'59 of the press head and press bed 7 respectively. Since in this structure the platen 22 may be assembled in the press head before the lower port1on of the press body comprising the press bed is flanged to the press head, the multiple part gland II may be replaced by a single piece gland 60., The remaining parts of the press illustrated in Figure 8 are similar to those of Figures 2, 6 and 7, and are designated with corresponding reference numerals.

Referring now to Figure 9, the structure shown therein likewise comprises a press head and press bed made as separate castings which directly engage each other. However, in contradistinction to the embodiment of Figure 8, the press head 6| rests directly, by means of its flange 32, upon the, floor 63, while the press bed 64 with its flanged portion 65 is suspended on the bottom 66 of the press head 6!. The assembly of the press bed 84 in the press head 6! will be clear from Otherwise the Figures 10 and 11, which show that the flanged order to prevent accidental turning movement of the press bed 64, the press bed and press head are connected with each other by bolts 68. It should be noted that the bolts 68 are merely locating means and may be replaced by a key or the like since any pressure exerted by the press ram on the press bed is transferred from the press bed through the flanged portion 65 to the bottom 66 of the press head. After the flanged portion 65 is thus properly located on the bottom 66 of the press head 6|, segment pieces 19 are inserted through the

windows

23, 24, and are dropped between the flanged portions 65. The segment pieces 19 will then rest with their ends on the bottom 66 of the press head 3| since, as shown in Figure 11, thesegment pieces 19 are longer than the width of the slotted portion 96. The segment pieces 19 snugly fit between the flanged portions 65 so that they are held in their position by the latter, Figure 11 shows only one of the pieces 19 assembled, while the other slotted portion 89 is still to be covered by a segment piece.

The press bed 64 of the structure shown in Figure 9 comprises, in addition to the flanged portion 65 and segment pieces 19, a plate 69 resting with its shoulder 10 on the wall portion II of a cushioning cylinder 12 having reciprocably mounted therein a cushioning piston I3. The cushioning cylinder 12 is connected with pipes ,14 and 15 adapted to supply pressure fluid to the cushioning cylinder and to discharge it therefrom. To prevent leakage from the cushioning cylinder 12, a packing ring 16 is inserted in the wall portion ll of the cushioning cylinder 12 and supports packing material 11 compressed by a gland 18. It is, of course, understood that the cushioning cylinder-piston-assembly I2, 13, may be omitted and the bed plate 69 rested directly on the bottom 66 of the press head 6|. In this instance the bed plate 69 may be provided with a flanged portion similar to the flanged portion 65, while the segment pieces 19 will then supplement the bed plate 69 as they. do now with the flanged portion 65. Aside from the features just referred to, the press of Figure 9 is similar to that of the remaining embodiments so that the various parts are designated with the same reference numerals as the corresponding parts in the previously discussed embodiments.

While in the structures described so far the press platen is guided along the surfaces 25 of the

windows

23 and 24 by means of the gibs 26 connected to the press platen, the press platen 22 may be replaced by a press platen 8!, as illustrated in Figure 12. Figure 12, the press platen 8| is guided, by means of its surfaces 82, along the surfaces 83 of the wall portion 84 of the casting comprising the press head. In this instance the wall portion 84 comprises recesses 85 so that only a small surface is to be machined for guiding the platen 81. This guiding arrangement for the press platen has the great advantage of further simplifying the machining of the press body, since the machining of the guiding surfaces for the platen can without difficulties be effected with the same machining setup which is provided for boring the press body. Any undesired rotation of the platen 8| may be prevented in this construction by stop members 86 connected by screws 81 with the Wall portion 84. If desired, the machining of the press body adjacent the press platen may be omitted, in which case the inner diameter of the press body adjacent the press platen should be larger than the outer diameter of the guiding surfaces.

As will be seen from the said 6 To guide the platen. 8|, gibs may be provided between the said wall portion of the press body and the guiding surfaces of the platen in a manner described later in connection with Figures 21 to 24. These gibs, which directly engage the circular guiding surfaces of the platen, are adjustable from the outside of the press body.

To facilitate the machining operation of the press bodies shown in the various figures of the drawings, the press body may, if desired, at its head portion be provided with a bore 88, through which the boring rod may be introduced or in which it may be guided. After the press body has been machined, the bore 88 is plugged, e. g., by a threaded bolt 89.

Referring now to Figure 20, the press body shown therein differs from the structure illustrated in the preceding figures in. that it has a solid press bed; in other words, the'press head, the press base and press bed constitute a single casting. In order to allow the machining of the press cylinder, the press head is provided with a bore 90, through which the bore rod may be introduced and which is closed in any convenient manner, e. g., by plug 9|, after the machining is completed. Aside from the press bed, the structure of Figure 291s similar to that of Figures 6 and 7, and windows are provided intermediate the press head and press bed through which the press ram and the press platen can be inserted into the press. The rim portion of the press bed can be machined with the general machining setup, while the remaining portion of the bed may then be machined through the windows. However, instead of the last mentioned operation through the windows, it may be preferable to provide a recess 92 in the bed casting and, after machining of the rim portion 93, to insert a bolster plate 94 which may be introduced into the press through the windows thereof. The shape of the bolster plate 94 is preferably similar to the bed member shown in Figure 19, which consists of a main member 50 and side members 52 attached to the main members by screws 53.

To reduce the weight of thepress, the press bed is preferably provided with cavities 95 communicating with the recess 96 at the foot of the press.

Finally, referring to the embodiment shown in Figures 21 to 24, also in this embodiment the press head I and press base 2 are integral with each other. Similar to the embodiments of the previous figures, the fluid tank 3 is mounted on the press head, and surge valves 1 are associated with the press head to control the additional supply of fluid from the tank to the cylinder chamber 4, or the exhaust of fluid from the cylinder chamber 4 to the tank 3. The press is furthermore provided with a conduit 9 for supplying pressure fluid to actuate the press ram 6 which is operatively connected with the press platen 91. While in the previous embodiments the press platen is shown with two flat and two curved sides, the press platen 91 is completely circular. The diameter of the press platen 91 is not greater than the opening 98 in the press base, which opening is at least as large as the diameter of the ram 6. In this wa the ram, as well as the platen, may be introduced into the press body through the opening 98. The opening 98 is closed by the press bed 99, having a larger portion 100 and a smaller portion NH, and resting with its larger portion on segment pieces I62, I03, which engage an annular recess I04 in the lower wall portion of the press body.' Two push back cylinders 3| as shown in Figure 21.

eg -e2 jg are supp orted by and connectedwith thefpress bed in a manner similar to the push backlcylmders 3l inlthe previously described embodiments.

However," while in the embodiments ,hereinb efore described the push back plunger merely ngages the press platen but is not rigidly connected therewith, the push back plungers [05 in the em,- bodiment of Figures 21 to 2 i are.connected, for instance, by screws, with the platen 91 Since accidental turning movement of the press bed I00 is prevented by positioning screws I65, accidental rotation'of the platen :91 cannot occurdue to the push back plungersconnected with ,th pla-ten andguided in the push back cylinders 1.05;

The embodiment of Figures-21 to 2 further;- more differs from the-previously described embodiments in that the platen 91" is guided by segmental-shaped gibs I07 arranged in the bore portion; Hit. The gibs' I01- may be adjusted; and

positioned in a desired manner by means of cornbined positioning and adjusting screwsltfl which are preferably arranged in'a, staggered manner,

;The combined positioning and adjusting screws do not form'a part ofthe present invention and for-a more detailed description thereof reference'may be 'had to U. S. Patent No. 2,336,351, to Flowers issued December 7, 1943, It is of course understood that, instead of the combined screws I09',any other positioning, and adjusting screws may be provided.

Thelembodiment shownsirrFigures 21 to 24 is of particular importance with regard to a simpli fied machining of the press body and the members,associatedtherewith and' also enables a very simpleassembly of the vario'usmembers. In this 9 introducedthrough thebas'e'opening'98. There 1 uponrthe segmentsilM, I03 are inserted so that they engage the annularrecessll'lld. Nowthe press is turned so that it willflbestanding on its base and afterthe; bed I00 is properly located in the segments I 02; I03 and spaced from the platen v91, sembled. The gibs -l 01 may then be inserted through the

windows

23, 24 and properly'positioned and adjusted by the screws ")9 which extend through the wall of the press body and can be'operated; from the outside of the press body.

It will be understood that I desire to comprehend within myinvention such modifications as comewithin the scope of 1 the'cl'aims and the inventionp I r Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is: v r

, 1. A pressicomprising in combination a press head, a press base, a cylinder integral with and interconnecting said press head and press base,

and a multiple partpress bed mounted in said press base and composed of a central member and means laterally connected thereto for supplementing the supporting area of said central member. r

2. In combination in a press, a single cast unit the push'back cylinders and pistons are asincluding'a press head, a press base, and a cylindrical body interconnecting said head andlsaid tral member {adapted base, said body being hdllow and havingan open ing toward the outside l intermediate ,saidjpress head and said press base, a pressplungerreciprocably mounted insaid press head, apressplaten operatively connectedwith saidpress'plunger and reciprocable in said cylindrical, body, and means associatedqwith 'said platenfand extending into said opening for guiding said platen.v H r 3. A press comprising a hollow cylinder including a press head and a press base, said cylinder 7 having an opening in its sidewall intermediate the press headand press base, ,apre'ssplunger movablein said press head, means for reciproeating said press plunger, and ta pres's; bed having a plurality of segmental ring pqrtionsanda. cen- V to be received and located bylsaid ring portions. f g I 4; A press body comprising a press head, a base integral. with said press head, and'a'press bed surrounded by said. pressbase anddetachably connected therewith, said press bed including a central cylindrical portion and means adapted to be interposed between saidbase ,andtsaid cylindrical portion forflocatingthe latter. i p l '5] A hydraulic press comprising'incombinae tion a cylindrical:'hollowbody; said body includ ing a press head. and a press b ase integral with one another, an opening in the wallportion. of said cylindrical body intermediate said press head and said press base, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said press head, means'for; supplying fluid pressure to said-press ram, a; press; bed mounted in said press base and composed of a central member and lateral members detachably I connected thereto for supplementing theworking area of said centralmemben-eachof said meme bers being, adapted .to-be inserted into said body through the opening in the side wallthereof.

6. "In combination in a press, a press headincluding' a' cylinder, a press plunger reciprocably mounted in said cylinder, a press platen operatively connected with said press plunger, a cylindrical .press base, a hollow cylindrical body inte-v gral with said press head and said press base and having a window between, said head and said base, said window being slightly-widerth-an the width of said platen, a pressbed supported by I saidpress base and including an element of a shape similar to the shape of said, platen, and hydraulic means supportedzbysaid press bed and operatively connected with said-press platen 'for actuatingthe same. f i

f7; A press comprising a hollow cylindrical press body open at the lower end thereof, said body including a press head and a press base integral with one another and having windows-in the wall portion of said body intermediate said press; head and said press base, a press plunger reciprocably mounted in a cylinder formed by said press head,

a pressplaten operatively connected with said press plunger, ,means for aligning said press platen with said press plunger-,said press platen being adapted to be inserted into said body through said windows, means for guiding said stationarily platen in said body, and apress bed mounted in said press base.

8. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, open atone end and closed at the other end and having windows in its wall portions intermediate said ends, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said body adjacent the closed end thereof, a 'press platen operatively connected with said ram, a

multiple part press bed adapted'to be mounted in said body adjacent the open endthereof, the fdimensions'of certain of said bed parts being such as to allow insertion thereof through the open end of said cylindrical body.

' 9. A press comprising a cylindrical body having integral therewith a cylindrical press head and a cylindrical press base, a press cylinder formed in said press head and having reciprocably mounted therein a press plunger, means for admitting pressure fluid to said cylinder to actuate said press plunger, a press bed surrounded by and mounted in a recess in said press base, a press platen operatively connected with said press plunger and guided by wall portions of said cylindrical body intermediate said press head and press'base, said wall portions defining windows having a width only slightly greater than the width of said platen, so as just to allow insertion of said press platen therethrough with the narrow side thereof, and hydraulic motor means interposed between said press bed and said press platen for effecting a retraction stroke thereof.

10. A press comprising a cylindrical press base,

a cylindrical press head spaced from said press base by curved wall portions integral with said press head and press base and defining windows therebetween, said press head including a cylinder having a press plunger reciprocably mounted therein, said press base being open at its end and being adapted to allow assembly of said press plunger through said opening, a press platen operatively connected with said press plunger and adapted to be inserted between said wall portions through said windows, said platen having two longer flat sides and two smaller curved sides with the curvature thereof corresponding to the inner contour of said wall portions, and means associated with said platen for guiding the latter between said wall portions. I

11. A press comprising a press base, a press head spaced by cylindrical wall portions integral with said press head and press base and defining windows therebetween, said press base having an opening therein adapted to be closed by a press bed portion, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said press head and adapted to be assembled therein through said opening in the press base, a press platen operatively connected with said press ram and adapted to be inserted between said wall portions through the windows defined thereby, means associated with said platen and engaging said windows for guiding said platen, and hydraulic motor means interposed between said platen and said bed portion for actuating said platen.

12. A press comprising a cylindrical hollow body including a press head and press base integral with one another, windows in the wall portions of said hollow body intermediate said press head and press base, a press plunger adapted to be inserted into said press head through a cylindrical opening in said press base, a. press platen having two flat portions and two curved portions, the curvature of which corresponds to the inner contour of the wall portions between said windows, said press platen being adapted to be inserted through said windows, a press bed having two flat portions and two curved portions, the curvature of which corresponds to the diameter of a bore in said press base, said diameter being greater than the diameter of said opening in said press base, while the distance between said flat sides of said bed is less than the width of said windows, and segments adapted to be connected with said bed along the fiat portions thereof so as to fill in the space between 12 said fiat portions of the bed and the adjacent curved wall portions of the bore in said base.

13. A press comprising a press head, a press base integral with said press head and forming a hollow body therewith, said body being closed at its upper end and having an opening in the bottom thereof, and a multi-part press bed some of the parts of which are adapted to be inserted from the outside through said opening in the base bottom so as to cause said bottom-to support said bed.

14. A press body comprising a press head, an open press base integral with said press head and defining therewith a hollow cylinder, a multipart pressbed closing said open base, there being windows intermediate said press head and said press bed, said press head having a bore therein of a diameter sufficient to' allow introduction of a boring rod therethrough, and means for closing said bore.

15. A press comprising in combination a press head, a press base having an opening therein and being spaced from said head by a cylindrical wall portion integral with 'said head and said base and having a window therein, and a, multiple part press bed mounted in said press base, said press bed including a main member with arcuate endsand flat sides adapted to be assembled in said base through said opening, and also including segments adapted to be assembled through said windows and to supplement said main mem ber to a circular bed.

16. In combination in a press, a press cylinder, a press ram movable in said cylinder, a press bed, a press base supporting said press bed and being integral with said press cylinder, said press base and press cylinder defining a bore with a window in its side wall, and a press platen movable in and confined by said bore and having its periphcry on two opposite'sides shaped in conformity with the contour of said bore, said window having a width greater than the width of said platen but less than the length of said platen.

17. A press comprising in combination a press cylinder, a ram movable in said cylinder, a bed, a base supporting said bed and being integral with said cylinder, said base and said cylinder defining window portionsxtherebetween, a press platen having curved portions at its periphery and being operatively connected with said ram, and means detachably connected with said platen and engaging guiding surfaces on said windows for guiding said platen and preventing rotation thereof.

18. A press comprising in combination a press head, a press base having an opening therein and being spaced from said head by a cylindrical wall portion integral with said head and said base and having a window therein, and a multiple press bed mounted in said press base, said press bed including a cylindrical main member and subsidiary members engaging the wall of the press body and supporting said main member.

19. A press comprising in combination a press head, a press base having an opening therein and being spaced from said head by a cylindrical wall portion integral with said head and said base and having a window therein, a cylindrical press bed provided with an annular flange, and supporting members engaging an annular recess in said press body and'supporting said flange of said press bed. 7

20. In combination in a press, a press base having a bore therethrough, a press head having (5 a plunger reciprocably mounted therein, a cysaid press base and said head, anda press bed mounted in said bore, said press bed comprising a central member mounted in said bore, and means insertable through and mounted in said bore and interposed between said base and said central member for partially supporting the latter.

21. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base supported from each other by wall portions integra1 with both, a plurality of apertures in said cylindrical body, one of said apertures forming a bore through said press base and at least one other of said apertures forming a window in said wall portion, a press ram reciprocably mountedin said press'head, a press platen operatively connected. with said ram, a press bed mounted in and supported by said press base, said ram, said platen and said bed being adapted to be inserted through said apertures for assembly within said cylindrical body.

22. A presslcomprising, in combination; a press cylinder, a ram reciprocable in said cylinder, a press bed, a press base supporting said bed, said base and cylinder being integrally connected by portions having guide surfaces parallel to in' said presslieadthrough which boring means may be introduced, and a press bed fitting said stepped opening and including interfitting sectorshaped parts resting upon the step of said opening.

28. A press comprisinga unitary frame having an internal cylindrical surface closed at one end to form a press cylinder and having openings in its side walls defining guide edges parallel to the directionof reciprocation of a piston in said cylinder, a platen having projecting portions slidably fitting said cylindrical surface adjacent said edges, and gills-attached to said edges and contacting said platen to limit its movement to reciprocation along said edges.

29. A press comprising a one piece body having a bore extending from one end part way therethrough. the said bore having one diameter adjacent the open end of said body, a smaller diameter adjacent the closed end of said body and a larger diameter intermediate the said ends,

window means in the wall of said body between the direction of reciprocation of said ram, a

platen connected to move with said ram and guided by and between said surfaces, and guide means attached to said portions and contacting said platen to limit the same to reciprocation along said surfaces. 7

23. In combination with a hollow press base, having an internal shoulder, a bed comprising a plurality of sector-shaped parts supported on said shoulder, and jointly defining a central opening, and a central base part fitting said opening and maintaining said sector-shaped parts in position.

24. In combination with a press base having a cylindrical shouldered opening therein, a plurality of sector-shaped base parts, said parts resting on the shoulder of said cylindrical opening and shaped to conjointly define a central shouldered opening, and a central member fitting said central opening and supported upon the shoulder thereof, all said parts having substantially coplanar upper surfaces to define a press bed.

25. In combination with a press base having a cylindrical shouldered opening therein, a plurality of sector-shaped. parts resting on the shoulder of said opening throughout the complete circumference thereof, said parts being shaped to conjointly form a central shouldered cylindrical opening, and a center part fitting said center opening and resting on the shoulder thereof, all said parts coacting to form a press bed.

26. In a press, a single unitary casting having substantially cylindrical walls closed at one end to form a press cylinder, and having its other end open to form a press base, there being an opening in said :walls between said head and base, and a multi-part press bed supported within said base and including at least one part insertable through said press base and a second part through said wall opening, said parts interfitting to form a rigid press bed.

27. A press body comprising a hollow cylinder closed at one end to form a head and also having a stepped opening at the other end forming a base, there being openings in the side walls of said cylinder between said ends and an opening the ends thereof, a press plunger reciprocable in the smaller portionof said bore, a press bed mounted in the larger diameter portion of said bore adjacent the open end thereof in order to close the said open end, a press platen operatively connected with said press plunger, and means for guiding said press platen on the wall portions of said body adjacent said window means.

30. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base supported in spaced relationship by a wall integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body at least one thereof forming a bore through said base and at least another forming a window in said wall, a, press ram reciprocably mounted in said press head, a press platen connected to reciprocate with said ram, a multipart press bed mounted in and at least partially supported by said press base, the said ram, platen and bed being adapted for insertion through said apertures for assembly within said cylindrical bore.

31. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base supported in spaced relationship by a wall integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body at least one of which forms an axial bore through said base and another of which forms a window means in said wall, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said press head, a press platen connected to reciprocate with said ram, a press bed mounted in and at least partially supported by said press base, the said ram, platen and bed being adapted for insertion through said apertures for asssembly within said cylindrical body,

and other ram'means carried between said bed and said platen for retracting the latter.

32. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base supported in spaced relationship by a wall integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body at least one of which forms an axial bore through said base and another of which forms a window means in said wall, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said press head, a press platen connected to reciprocate with said ram, a press bed mounted in and at least partially supported y said press base, the said ram, platen and bed beingadapted for insertion through said apertures for assembly Within said cylindrical body, means spaced about the said wall portion and in engagement with said platen for guiding the latter in non-rotative reciprocation within said body, and other ram means supported by said bed an engaging said platen for retracting the latter from said bed.

33. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head anda press base supported in spaced relationship by wall portions integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body one of which opens through said base and at least another of which opens through said wall to form a window, a press ram reciprocably mounted in said head, a platen connected to be reciprocated by said ram, a press bed mounted in and supported by said press base, the said ram, platen and bed being adapted for insertion through said apertures for assembly within said cylindrical body, and ram means carried by said bed and reciprocable toward and away from the head end of said body.

34. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base spaced apart by a wall integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body one of which opens axially through said base and at least another of which forms a. window in said wall, a downward acting ram reciprocable in said head, a press platen connected to be actuated by said ram, a press bed mounted in and supported by said press base, the said cram, platen and bed being adapted for insertion through said apertures for assembly within said body, and a plurality of upward acting rams carried by said bed, at least some of which act directly on said platen.

35. A press comprising a hollow cylindrical body, said body including a press head and a press base spaced apart by a, wall integral with both, a plurality of apertures in said body one of which opens axially through said base and at least another of which forms a window in said wall, a downward acting ram reciprocable in said head, a press platen connected to be actuated by said ram, a press bed mounted in and supported by said press base, thesaid ram, platen and bed being adapted for insertion through said apertures for assembly within said body, means guiding said platen in non-rotative reciprocation within said body, and upward acting ram means carried by said bed and at least a portion thereof acting on said platen in opposition to said downward acting ram.

JOHAN A. MULLER.