US2399385A - Sandblasting apparatus and the like - Google Patents

Description

April 30, 1946. J. w. RAsMUssEN l SANDBLASTING lAPPARATS AND THE LIKE Filed May 2, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l IZO INVENTOR.

IN' H4 IZA 106108 Iza April 30, 1945 J. vv. RAsMUssEN 2,399,385

SANDBLASVTING APPARATUS AND THE LIKE Filed May 2, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT OR.

April 30, 1946. J, W RASMUSSEN 2,399,335

SANDBLASTING APPARATUS AND THE LIKE Filed May 2, 1944 5 sheets-sheet s IN V EN TOR.

Patented Apr. 30, 1946 UNITE-D S'I'ilXTiES PATENT OF FIC-E SANDBLASTING APPARATUS AND THE LKE James William 'Rasmussen-Los Angeles,'0alif.

ApplicationMa-y', 1944, SerialNo. 533,671

.fl Claims. (Cl. E11- 12) My .invention relates to sandl blasting .machines and apparatus and moreiparticularly to the construction and operation of the sand blasting equipment, including its controls and regulators, which are especially adapted-for ,controlling and yfor directing the flowof fluids, of sand andair, in Va suitably combined lform when .passing through said apparatus and for directingthe fluid Vblasting forcefina volume, Vvelocity .and the intensity ,of force,during the sand blasting operation.

Accordingly, i.an object of my invention is to Aprovide -asimple and aninexpensive sand `blast- `ing apparatus, which is soconstructed and arranged, whereby a required volume of sand, `or r`other suitable-material, such asabrasiveor steel shots, `or a combination of suitable `insulating =material, fsuch as a granulated cork or the like, fmayfbe suitably mixed and then be applied -with Asufiicientf'orce uponthe surface or surfaces, re-

quiring such treatment.

YAnother-object of myrinvention is to provide ceiving and for holding therein a quantity of Vsand or of other suitable material whichmay be most adaptable for'application by meansof blast, said .tankmeans having a suitably arranged-sand loading means, and also having means for cleaning same, further, saidtank means ,having -a central `passage means, which is zat its bottom section, said `Vcentr-al passage means isconnected with an fairiinlet pipemeans and in close proximity thereabovea suitable sand lin-iiowcontrolling valve means .i is connected, which `is l controllable .from 'the' outsideof vsaidvalve means for regulating the lvolume of sand passing `therethrough .and Ainto said central passagemeansand in addition Isaid central passage means, at its side section, is con- .nected with a exible tube, V.the endof which is provided with :a knozzle means, ywhich 4 is .adapted for directingand for controlling the ysand blast operation.

`A further object of my invention is toprovide .said tank means with aset of ,inletair controlling means, whichprovidethe -air,.at a required pressure, Linto said tank means and also .to v:provide .means for blowingsaid sand from the reservoir thereof intothe central tubular. means andwhile the amount of said sandpassing into-said central passage means is controlled `and regulated by .meanSQL-theJn-.HOW controlling valve, in volume Aasmay be required.

.Another .object of .my invention is tn provid said nozzle means .with l.a suitable uid mixing chambermeans which is providedwlth-a passage andterminates with a discharge nozzle tube, also, internally, said vchamber means, in close Vproximity to said passage "has an air delivery tube means which is adjustably positioned therein and which supplies a volume of air'therein, at a pressure which may be suitable for mixing said incoming sand and fluid within Said mixing chamber means, and thereby providing a blast of a sandand uid mixture which is directed into and for passing out of said discharge nozzle of the apparatus.

a'suitable tank `rmeans whichis adapted .forre- `A further objectof my invention is to-provide said device with a suitable shell member having a fluid mixing chamber therein, also, having a lnozzle connected to itsdischarge end and terminating with a iuid mixing'and spraying means, and in vaddition having said shell member and said iiuidmixing and `spraying means connected -with asetof fluid directingpipes, each of which is provided with a suitable regulating valve for regulating the'flow of the fluid andmixture during their passage therethrough and for regulating theforce and the impact of said liuid combination while emerging-outof the nozzle.

Other and further objects and advantages of my .invention as will hereinafter more fully appear,'[ attain by the construction herein described inithe specification and illustrated in the drawings, formingalpart of my application.

Reference `is had to the accompanying drawings, in which the :similar reference characters denote the similar parts.

Inl the drawings:

Fig. 1 is-the vertical cross sectional view of the sand blasting tank, showing its internal construction.

Fig. laiisla fragmentary, vertical sectional View -of the `Sandblasting apparatus, showing same in a modified form.

Fig. 2=is the vertical sectional view of the air inletl valvetaken'on the line 2-2 of the Fig, la.

Fig. 3 s'anothersectional view of the air inlet valve, ltaken on the line 3--3 of the Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is 4the fragmentary horizontal and sectional view of the valve, taken on the line ill-fi vilarposition. as illustrated in Fig. 1, showing the valve. in its operating, position.

`Fig. r{.is thefragmentary sectional view of the sand flow control valve, showing said valve closed and in its inoperative position.

Fig. 8 shows the sectional View of the valve, taken on the line 8-3 of the Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 shows the fragmentary front elevational view of the hand lever and the indicating plate, of the sand flow control valve.

Fig. 10 is the longitudinal sectional view of the sand blasting nozzle.

Fig. 11 is the vertical sectional view of the nozzle, taken on the line II-II of the Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is the fragmentary elevational and sectional view of a nozzle, showing same in a modified form. l

Fig. 13 shows the enlarged sectional view of the nozzle discharge end, taken from Fig. 12 and disclosing its construction.

Describing my invention more in detail, in its broader aspects, said invention comprises a tank 2 having a bottom end 4 and an inverted top end 6, of which, said top end 6 is set slightly below the tank rim section 8 for providing a reservoir I0, while said bottom end 4 is disposed outwardly from the tank edge I2 and thus forming a reservoir I4 within said tank structure.

In order to hold said tank 2 in its preferred upright position, suitable leg members I6 are provided at the tank bottom section, as shown.

Also, said tank 2 is provided with a, man-hole I8 at its side and close to the bottom end 4, which is inclosed by means of a man-hole cover 29, and in addition, said tank 2 is provided with a comparatively large passage 22 which is enclosed by means of a suitable plug member 24, so that said tank 2 may be readily inspected and cleaned, when need be.

The top end 6 of said tank 2 is provided with a divisional plate 25 which divides said reservoir I0, of which, the sub-section 28 at its topmost edge 39 is provided with a, perforated plate or screen 32, thus providing suitable means for screening the sand or any other material before it is poured in and through the passage 34 for depositing same within the tank reservoir |4, then, in order to hold the pressure within said tank 2, the edge section 36 of said passage 34 is provided with a suitable gasket member 38 againstwhich a cone shaped cover member 49 is placed and which is held in position by means of a chain member 42 having its end connected and fastened to a crossshaft member 44 to which an operating lever member 46 is attached as shown.

Said tank 2, at its nearly central position, is provided with an upright pipe 48, the lower end of which is attached to the pipe housing 50 and the bottom air inlet pipe member 52, while the upper end 54 of said pipe 48 is disposed within a pipe housing member 56 which is, substantially, a part of said inverted top end 6 of said tank 2.

In order to eliminate and to prevent the dragging of the passing sand or abrasives and to prevent the wear of said pipe 48, its entire internal surface is provided with a suitable internal liner 58, which in its preferred form is made out of suitable resilient or elastic material, and thus providing a passage 59 the purpose of which will be presently described.

In order to keep said sand element, within said tank reservoir I4 at a constant motion, said tank 2 is provided with an air inlet pipe 60, which has an air inlet member 62 connected to the tank bottom end 4 and also having a suitable valve 64 adapted for controlling an air volume passing therethrough, while the top end 6 of said tank 2 is provided with a pipe connection 66 including an air pressure valve 68 and a gauge I0 which connect through a coupling 12 leading to the main air line 14.

The volume and the velocity of air, at a given pressure and passing into said tank 2, is controlled by means of a main valve "I6 which connects with said air pipe line I4 and also an auxiliary valve 'I8 which' controls the volume of air passing into said inlet pipe 60, and thereby supplying sufficient air pressure into said tank 2, so that the sand element may pass through the passage carrying with it and therethrough a volume of sand with air into the passage 59, the amount of which is controlled by means of th'e sand control valve member 82.

Said sand control valve member 82 comprises an extension tube 84, which is provided with said passage 80 and one end of which, as at 96 is disposed within a collar 88 provided at the side section of said upright pipe 48, at which point, said liner 58 is provided with an opening or passage 99 for allowing the sand to pass therethrough and into the passage 59, hereinbefore named.

The other end 92 of said tube 84 is provided with a suitable union member 94 which is iltted into the inside diameter of the valve guide member or tubing 96 which is disposed within the wall 98 of said tank 2 While the end of said union member 94 is enclosed by means of a suitable plug member |90, the purpose of which' will be presently described.

The outer end of said plug member is provided With a hole |02 adapted for receiving and holding therein a section of the valve control tubing member |04.

The end section |96 of said valve guide tube 96 is provided with a casing member |08 to which the valve indicating plate |I0 is attached and which also provide means for connecting said casing member I 98 to said guide tube 96 by means of screws I I2.

Said outer end |96 of said guide tube 96 is also provided with' an end plug ||4 which is provided with a packing recess and a suitable packing I6, and, if so desired, another packing gland ||3 may be provided in said unit for insuring the safety and positiveness of performance of the apparatus.

The extended end |20 of said control tube member |94 is provided with a control valve lever |22 which is held in place by means of screws I 24, While said tube member |94, at its end, is provided with a suitable pipe cap |26, so that said tube member |94 may be cleaned at the passage |20 including at the opening |30, which is positioned within the rotary in-flow valve member |32, and which is attached to the end |34 of said tube member |04.

Said rotary in-ow valve member |32 is providedwith a suitable packing |36 and an angularly disposed feed surface |38, the angle of which extends partially the length of said valve, and which is used for restricting the opening of said passage 80 by turning the valve lever |22 in the direction desired,y so that a variable flow of sand and air may pass into the passage |28 and through the opening 90, said flow thereai ter passing into and through the pipe member 48, as shown in Fig. 6, or causing it to close the passage entirely, as shown in Fig. 7.

Also, in order to stir the passing sand upwardly from the bottom of said reservoir 4, a suitable air inlet member 62 is provided, to the end that said sand may be very readily picked up and car'- ried b y the air current and directed through' the `passage i280, fthus-,passing A byu the centrolwalvem *andintosaidpassage.' e

As shown in Fig. la, said tank 2 isvprovide'd with V"awsanii -ewcontrol 5valve |4lJ, which comprises-a housing f M2 and/i whichgitsitop section -44iis Aattachedv 'to 'a vpipe member |418 which-is fmade substantially la part of said tan-k 22 at the -tanlrbettomfendl I Said-heusingl liz-extends dow-nwardlyffor for-ming aschamberil'ilfof which, itsbottomffzsection y `is "provided with lafplug l|52 :and-at onelof `its '-sidesii-tis provided with `'an fairfoutletrsection 1&54 which terminates @with Ia fflange .156, while its opposite side section isz provided :with: a'sui-t- :ablehole |58 wherein -an-air yinlet pipe l46|! is positioned.

fsaidhole 158 4is-lalso usedfor lni-ng-upsa-id lhousing M142 4.wl'ien'-fboring f the 'recess f L62 l adapted fior-receiving vtherein a suitable fresilient pad Amember |384. "Said padme'mber |5`4in its preferred form is made out of suitable resilient-ma'- teriaL such V`as 'rubber A or tthe like, and @is also radapted ffor providing fan abutment for 'the fend `section 166 of rthe discharge "hose Amember `|63, the en'dfof :whichisheldfin'placebymeans nf i `a suitable iiange l-l'having a set of screws or ,other suitable 'fastenings |112 provided thereir ffor holding itk against the housing -flange I 58.

Within said chamber rF58' a `suitable shoe-mem `ber'MZis positioned,which -is provided -withan 1,- -airvpassage H1B-.and a groove I?'|8,vthus providing afpair of lsi'de flangesg |80, see'- Fig. 2,1whichA extend `upwardly and `through which theholes- |82 and |84 are drilled.

bosses |-9U1an`d '|92 respectively, eac'hvof :which'is `provided@witha packing recess'whereinl a suitable packing |1941 is placed and' which 'arel held in place fby means of screwslg, las shown.

Within saidholes of said packing glands -I95 includingvsaid'holes |86 and I disposed in said shoe member |14, suitablerod members 200 and -282 are slidably positioned, of which, one end `thereof is screwed in'lpla'ce and within the respective sides of the valveblock 284, which is slidably disposed withinsaid-groove |'|'8,while =sai`d rods 2|!!!v and202 extend outwardly from vsaid housing |42, so that when said valve block "204 is in its vcf-mtral position it will close the passage 286 which leads into the `passageZlJ'l and therecharge hose member |68, during the operation of thelapparatus, and it may be'note'd, that in operation, the position of said valve block 284 may be so arranged and adjusted, whereby the bridging of the sand may be prevented land entirely eliminated.

Within said tank 2 said pipe 'member |46 is vprovided with a'nipple 34|) having a plurality of vholes or Vslots 342 provided therein and having its'top section provided with a conical hood mem- V`-ber 344, which is 'for preventing thesand from r`bycontrollingthefiow df sand which is pickedV up byimeans of the air passing ifrom said air inlet -pipe |88 and throughthe passage 208 ofthe dis- .end ofvfwhich :is .connectzed nto 1 the pipe. .housing 56 andflsiheld in ,place `:by: means 'of screws :2.12 iwhir-leiits upper end 52.! 4 is :.rnzovideii with a con- .nectionr 2 t6 :having #a set of bolts ,2 t8 :adapted ttor holding i itzin zplace, :as shown, and also i'having f a,.suitable loop-member 228 adapted for freceiving and for holding in place the endse'ction 2122 of the spring lhousing fmember 1224.

Internally :within :said 'discharge connection 2t0 is placed 1a cushioning member .22.8 which l-ies againsttthe internal liner 228 las shown in :'Eg. A5, uvhiie Lthe :connection 2|-5 v-holds 4the end of `the fdischargei'hoseiz, :the length of which maybetoxsuit anyfdesired purpose .as in'praotice "maybe `mostfdesirable zand the. end .of which terminateswith anozzle ora gun spray 'member 232.

.'Itmayrbe noted ithatthe; supply of airinto isaid pipe 521mayfbe .provided through ,a suitable pip- :ling-1:4, whichmay come from-'a suitable 'accumun later vcr `a compressor, and (that :the lpipe '48 including the vdischa-rge :extension 2 |10, zand the pipe 9.5.0 interconnecting the discharge hose memberY r8.8 mayibeofi any-..desired Vsize and area,

as inpractice may rbemost fdesirable for secur- :ing the :best results.

Thedischarge nozzle 232 comprises :aihousing member .234 which `is provided with Ya Asuitable mixing chamber 23S having an in1et=passage 258 which connects Ywith the/end -of the discharge 'fhose-230,wherein .it is held in place by means elf clamping member `240, also, 'having "the discharge end 242 Aprovided with fa .suitable .recess '-244 whereina resilient .member 24h` is placed,

against which .the nozzle extension 12148 is held and fastened in its position .by means of a-'collar 25B and aisetof screws'252.

lDirectly in line and rearwardly `within said mixing chamber .238 an extensible Vtubing :mem-

'ber`254 is placed which is tted snugly within thehole 255 of-said housing '234, wherein itis adjustably positioned and held in place byimeans cfa Vset screw '258, while'the `.outside .section of saidtubing member i254, so Vdisposed'within said fmixingcharnber 236, 'is entirely covered with a resilient covering .or rubbertube 259y so as to prerventthe wearrof saidtubing member 254 during the operation of the apparatus.

Alsojfor preventing thelair, when under pressure, from escapingoutoffsaid mixing `chamber iik-35, saidxtubing 'member '254 isprovided with a resilient collar 268, one side of which is fitted 'intothe recess 262,'asshown, andthereby provi'ding an .adequate iitting rforfsaid collar and preventing its shifting.

Therearwardly extending end26`4 voi said tubingmeniber'254 is connected'to a pipeelbow 265 which'connects with an air pipe 268 and which lleads tc-and is connected with an `auxiliary air supply line (not shown) Forincreasing"the velocity of the fluidal mass passingithrough the passage 5S a suitable tube member 846 covered with afresilient coating 348 may be `provided therein, as shown in Fig. l, -whichimaybe of any suitablelength or size as may be required or-desirable, also, to relieve the airpressure `from `said'tanlrZ said pipe connection E6 is provided with suitable valve', which 'manually operated, and then to insure the "safety of the apparatus, ya suitable Vautomatic, safetyvalve -3Y5Zis connected to said pipe connection -line 56, as shown-in Figs. l and l'lh It 'maybe noted, thatl whenl said sand blasting apparatusisl in` operation, :and I the sand, abrasive or ether'suitable material ismixed with the air and when it reaches said mixing chamber 236, the velocity of the fluidal mass is slightly retarded and the blasting force is diminished in the process unless an additional volume of air, at a greater pressure, is added therein passing from the line of supply and controlled by the controlling valves 'I6 and 18.

When, however, it may be required to maintain a comparatively low velocity of said uidal mass, allowing it to pass through the apparatus, and it is found then to be essential to increase said nuidal velocity for securing the best results, then the passage 210 of said nozzle 248 is employed, thereby increasing the impact of said fluidal mass, allowing the air to pass through the adjustable tubing member 2-54 and consequently increasing the efficiency.

It may also be noted, that said elbow connection 266 may, if so desired, be provided with or be substituted for a valve, with which the passing volume of air from said auxiliary supply line may be controlled and regulated as required.

In Figs. 12 and 13, the spray discharge nozzle member 232 is shown in a modied form, which comprises said housing member 234 wherein the mixing chamber is positioned, having a base member 210 wherein the end of the hose member 230 is held in place by means of the clamping member 240.

Said mixing chamber 236 is also provided with a sub-chamber member 212 which is divided, by means of a valve 214 into a lower chamber 216 and the upper chamber 218, said chamber 218 having its discharge end 219 provided with a tube 280 which is directly in line with the nozzle extension member 248.

The lower chamber 216 is supplied with air through the pipe supply connection 268 and a pipe connection 282, which is also provided with a suitable gage member 284 so that the air pressures may be noted and accordingly controlled as required.

Said valve 214 is of a conventional type, it being provided with a valve disc 286 which is supported in place by means of a spring 288, having its disc seated upon the ridge 290, also having a stem member' 292 which extends upwardly and passes through the valve cap 294. The lifting of said disc member 286 is accomplished by means oi' a lever member 296 which is attached to the end of the stem extension 292 by means of a suitable pin 298.

Said extension member 248 is provided With a spray nozzle member 300, comprising a housing 302 which is divided into air chamber 304 and a fluid supply chamber 306, having an annular divisional wall 308 positioned therein as shown, and which extends to the ared out end 3|0, wherein said air chamber 304 is provided with a plurality or a set of tube members 3|2, which are disposed at a suitable converging angle and each of which is provided with a plurality of holes 3 I4 the openings of which are conned within said air chamber 304 while the tube extending end 3|6 passes through a passage 318 which is larger than the outside diameter of said tube member 3| 2 and disposed within the outer wall 320 of said supply chamber 306.

In this manner said housing 302 becomes an independent unit which is supplied with a suitable fluid, such as shellac or paint through the pipe connection 322 leading into said fluid supply chamber 306 from the connecting pipe 324, and also, having the air pipe extension 326 connected to the air chamber 304 which leads from the air supply pipe 268 and which, when so desired, it may be provided with a suitable control valve, not shown.

It may be noted that said mixing chamber 236 of said gun housing member 234 may be used for drawing and for dispensing continually a quantity of grounded cork or other suitable material rby allowing it to pass through the passage 328 of said extension member 248, and also, by allowing a suitable volume of air, under pressure, to pass into said chamber 304, said air in escaping through the holes 3|4 and the tube passage 330 will create a siphonic action within the passage 318 of said supply chamber 306, thus causing the shellac or paint collected therein to be drawn and sprayed at said passages 3|8, and thereby, by means of said spray so formed, it will cause said granulated cork or other suitable material passin-g from said passage 328 to be deposited upon and adhere to the surface upon which it is applied.

In this manner, an effective coating of any suitable material may be applied upon the surface, said material to be in one or more combinations, such as a rust preventing coating upon the hull of the ship, or a mixture of cement with a spray of water, or other powdered material which may be mixed with a suitable iiuidal medium and thereupon be applied evenly as a waterproof coating over the wall surfaces of fortifications, buildings or the like, o-r be used for iilling cracks, ruptures in cement walls, cellars and foundations, and which may be accomplished quickly, effectively and inexpensively.

While I have thus described my invention with great particularity, it will be clear that the sam may be modified throughout a wide range.

I accordingly do not propose to be limited to the exact details of construction herein shown on the drawings and described in the speciiication, but reserve the rights in practice to make the necessary changes and modifications therein, which may come within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a Sandblasting apparatus having a valve connection of the class described connected to the sand blasting apparatus and adapted for controlling the air and sand inow therethrough, comprising, a housing, a sand reservoir in said housing, an air inlet passage in said housing for supplying the air into said sand and passing into said valve at a pressure, a slotted nipple means having a conical hood for controlling the ow of said sand into said valve connection, a control passage means disposed in said housing and in close proximity to the air discharge of said housing, and a sidewardly movable block valve means in said control passage for regulating the volume of sand passing therethrough and out of said sand blasting apparatus and fox preventing the bridging of said sand therein.

2. In a sand blasting apparatus of the class described having in combination, a tank, a sand reservoir in said tank, air inlet in said tank for forcing the sand out of said reservoir, and slotted passage means in said tank for directing the pas- I sage of sand from said tank and to the tank outlet including means connecting said tank Outlet for imparting another element into said mixture of sand and air and for increasing the velocity of the passing fluids when reaching said passage mea-ns in said tank, substantially as described.

3. In a sand blasting apparatus of the class described comprising a tank, a sand loading means in said tank, a slotted sand in-ow controlling means in said tank, an air inlet connection means connecting said last mentioned means for intermixing the air with the passing sand, means connected to and extending out of said tank for directing the uldal mixture of said sand and air, and air passage means in said last mentioned means for intensifying said blast of said lfluidal mixture passing from said sand blasting apparatus.

4. In a iiuidaly mass blasting apparatus of the class described, comprising, a tank, a reservoir means in said tank, a loading and sealing means Cil in said tank for sealing the sand or other suitable materiai therein, an air inlet connection means connecting said tank, a slotted nipple in said tank having a hood disposed thereover for restricting the iiow of said sand, a mixing valve means connecting said tank and interconnecting said last mentioned means for mixing a portion of said material stored in said tank with a volume of air passing therethrough, and control means in said mixing valve means for controlling and for regulating the volume of said fiuidal mass passing through said valve.

JAMES WILLIAM RASMUSSEN.

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