US2396426A

US2396426A - Machine or apparatus for placing concrete pavements and the like

Info

Publication number: US2396426A
Application number: US401180A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jackson Corwill
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1941-07-05
Filing date: 1941-07-05
Publication date: 1946-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 1963-03-12

Description

12, 3945. c, JACKSON 2,396,425

MACHINE R APPARATUS FOR PLACING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE Filed July 5, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l ZZZ Z- INVENTOR. CJfi/WLL 03467601 1 ATT ORNEYS.V H

March 12, 1946. JACKS N 2,396,426

MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR PLACING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE Filed July 5, 1941 s Sheets-Sheet 2 J2 i ll 51 -3 14 41 60 3*}: 40 I u h h Q INVENTOR.

CO/F/Mj c/flZKfiO/Y arch 12, 1946?6 c. JACKSON- 9 3 MACHINE 0R APPARATUS FOR PLACING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE Filed July 5, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

. ATTORNEKE.

Patented Mar. 12, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR PLACING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machine or apparatus for placing concrete pavements and the like.

The main objects of this invention are:

First, to provide an improved machine or apparatus for the placement of concret slabs such as pavements and the like which is highly efficient and results in a pavement of very uniform structure and quality throughout.

Second, to provide a machine or apparatus of this character which minimizes manual labor and is of large capacity and produces a high quality pavement or slab.

Third, to provide a machine or apparatus having these characteristics which is highly suitable for the placement of concrete mixes commonly designated as harsh mixes or mixes having substantially no slump" water content.

Fourth, to provide a method of placing concrete of low water content which may be practiced very economically and which results in a highly desirable and well-finished concrete pavement or slab.

Objects relating to details and economies of the invention will appear from the description to follow. The invention is defined in the claims.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary view partially in longitudinal section on line l-| of Fig. 2 of a concrete placing or paving machine embodying the features of my invention, the machine being illus trated as in use in laying a sub or foundation slab.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation, the side forms which constitute rails for the machine being shown in vertical section, parts only of the machine being illustrated.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section corresponding to that of Fig. 1 illustrating the parts in another adjustment thereof and as laying a surface layer or concrete upon the foundation layer.

Fig. 4 is a view partially in longitudinal section of a modified form or embodiment of my invention, certain of the parts being shown conventionally.

Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of another form or embodiment of my invention, the parts being shown conventionally.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the spreader of the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of still another embodiment of my invention in longitudinal section on line l| of Fig. 8, parts being shown conventionally.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary transverse section on the broken line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, I, I represent the sideforms for the concrete to be placed, these constituting rails or tracks for the paving machine carriage designated generally by the numeral 2. This carriage is provided with wheels 3, certain of which are traction wheels, the engine and driving connections to the'driving Wheels not being illustrated.

The screed 4 is supported to be advanced with the carriage and preferably for reciprocating movement transversely of the path of forward travel, the means for reciprocating being indicated at 5 driven through suitable transmission means designated generally by the numeral 6. The screed, in this preferred embodiment, is provided with a vibrating means comprising the motor designated by the numeral I, the rotor 8 of which is provided with an unbalancing weight 9 indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

I provide an auxiliary carriage including the side members H) which are pivoted at H on the main carriage and the cross member l2 which is in the form of a tube of substantial dimensions adjustably secured to the members Ill by the brackets l3. This auxiliary carriage is provided with carrying wheels l4 adapted to travel on the forms I and provided with supports l5 pivoted at IS on the plate-like hangers I 1 which depend from the transverse member [2, see Figs. 1 and 2. These wheel support members are adjustable on their pivots for raising and lowering the front ends of the side members [0 of the auxiliary carriage and consequently the transverse member !2 and all the parts carried thereby. This adjusting means is designated generally by the numeral 18. As the details of this adjusting means form no part of this invention they are not further illustrated or described.

I provide a spreader for the concrete material to be placed indicated at H! in the drawings. This spreader, in the preferred embodiment, is in the form of a spiral blade Or worm 28 which is disposed horizontally and transversely of the path of forward travel of the machine. This spreader is provided with a shaft 2| journalecl in the shaft hangers 22 at th outer ends of the frame member l2. At each end, the shaft 2! is provided with a sprocket wheel 23 which sprocket wheels are connected with the sprocket chains 24 to the sprocket wheels 25 on the shaft 26 which constitutes the pivot axis for the end members I so that the raising and lowering of these members does not affect the drive.

The shaft 26 is connected to the driving sprocket 21 driven by the transmission mechanism indicated at B, the sprocket 21 being connected by the sprocket 28 to a sprocket 29 on the shaft. The transmission includes reversing means controlled by the lever 30 so that the direction of rotation of the spreader may be manually changed as may be necessary to effect the proper spreading of the concrete material across the paving slab or between the forms.

The plate-like hanger members I! constitute end members for supporting the concrete at the ends of the spreader and it will be noted that they depend somewhat within the forms, see Fig. 2.

The machine is especially designed for the spreading of harsh concrete mixtures commonly consisting of aggregates, fines, cement, and water, the water content being so low that the mixture is commonly designated as unworkable. Broadly considered, my present machine is adapted to practice the method of my Patent 1,787,449, issued January 6, 1931.

At the rear of the spreader and in such relation thereto as to rearwardly support a substantial mass of the concrete being placed is a combined vibratory member and strike-off 3|. This member is supported from the end plates by means of yielding

supports

32, 33, so that the member may vibrate freely without substantially imparting vibration to the hangers I1 and through them to the frame. Also, the support is such as to effectively advance the vibratory member against a substantial mass of concrete while permitting free vibratory movement thereof at high frequency.

The member 3| is preferably vibrated by means of a vibratory motor 34 having a rotor 35 provided with an unbalancing weight 36, the vibrating means, in this embodiment, being the same as that provided for the screed. The axis of the rotor is disposed in parallel relation to the vibratory member. The Vibratory member is disposed at the rear of the spreader and in such relation thereto as to vibrate the material while it is acted upon by the spreader, this vibrating of the material changing the character or condition of the concrete mixture from the harsh no-slump condition to a fluid or semi-fluid workable condition which enables its being effectively spread by the spreader and uniformly distributed between the forms without manual labor. The concrete mixture may be dumped between the forms in suitable quantities and the machine advanced thereto, with the vibratory member under vibration, the spreader being driven in the required direction to properly distribute the material and reversed as may be required. I have mentioned high frequency vibration-in the neighborhood of 3600 R. P. M. being satisfactory.

When the machine is operating in the placement of a pavement having reinforcing material such as indicated at 31 incorporated therein, the foundation slab or bed portion 38 of the pavement is laid as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, the screed 4 not being employed during this step. The vibratory member 31, however, acts as an efficient strike-off so that the foundation 38 is ready to receive the reinforce. The surfacing layer is then applied with the spreader and its coacting vibratory member in operation, the screed being positioned to act upon and finish the material discharged from the spreader and vibratory member. The screed is positioned so that it acts upon such material while it is in a fluid or semifiuid condition, the fluid or semi-fluid condition being induced by the action of the vibratory member. This is found to result in a highly satisfactory pavement with a desirable finish.

The screed in the preferred embodiment is of the transverse reciprocating type as this serves to effectively smooth and trowel the surface as well as to further compact the concrete. By associating the spreader and vibratory member so that the spreader acts upon the vibrated material, they coact both to secure an effective and uniform spreading with a minimum of power output and also this combined working of the material is highly effective in eliminating voids and consequent compacting of the material. However, it is in a fluid or semifiuid condition when acted upon by the screed so that a highly satisfactory surface results.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 4, the screed is omitted, the carriage 40 bein designed to carry the combined spreader and strike-off unit. The carriage is powered by an engine conventionally shown at 4| and the spreader 42 is of the spiral blade type disposed in front of and operatively associated with the strike-off 43 supported on hanger members 44, which hanger members are carried by the vertical screw shafts 45 having threaded engagement at 46 with the member 44 and supported in vertical bearings 41. At their upper ends, these screws are provided with beveled gears 48 meshing with gears 49 connected to sprockets 50, the sprockets being connected with the sprocket chain 5|. A driving crank 52 is provided. The sprockets and gears on opposite ends of the machine are carried by shafts 53. The combined spreading and strike-off unit may be adjusted for laying the foundation layer 38 or elevated to lay the surface layer to be followed by proper screeding and finishing.

In the embodiment of 'my invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the spreader is in the form of a winged member 54 which is provided with a carriage 55 having grooved wheels 56 engaging the ways or rails 51. This spreader 54 is adapted to reciprocate back and forth and it is designed to be reversely driven so as to move the material in the desired direction. It is driven from the sprocket chain 58, the ends of which are connected to the carriage, it being passed around the sprocket wheels 59 on the frame 60 which frame is carried by the vertical screws El threadingly engaging the member 62 on the frame and supported by the bearings 63 on the main frame members 64 of the carria e 65. These screws are connected by sprocket chains 66 and suitable sprockets, one of the screws being provided with a hand wheel 61. One of the sprockets 59 is driven through the driven beveled gear 68 and its coacting beveled driving pinion 69 driven from the flexible shaft 10.- Means are provided for reversing the drive and as these will be understood, they are not illustrated.

The vibratory member "H is supported substantially the same as I have described, this vibratory member being provided at th bottom thereof on its front edge with a tubular nose piece 12 which reinforced and provides a reinforcing and wear member for the vibratory member.

Both embodiments shown in Figs. 4 and 5 are provided with vibrating motors 7. In this structure, the vibrating and spreading assembly is supported by the thrust bracket 14 having a thrust roller on the lower end thereof, this taking much of the strain and operation off the suspending screws 6 I.

In the embodiment of m invention shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the screed I6 is substantially that of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and needs no further description. In this embodiment, however, the carriage frame 11 extends forwardly beyond the screed to support the spreader and the vibratory elements supported therewith. In this embodiment, the spreader i8 is of the spiral type, its driving connection being indicated at 19. It will be understood that this is also a reversible driving connection. Associated with the spreader in the same general relation as in the previously described figures is a vibrator member 80 preferably in the form of a wooden plank or plate of suitable length and width to support the material treated in the same relation to the spreader as has been described. This member 88 is provided with an angle iron reinforcing and wear plate 8!. On the rear side thereof is mounted the vibrating means illustrated in the form of a vibrating motor 34. The member 8| is supported by the flexible hanger straps 82 from the bell crank levers 83 which are mounted on the rocksh-aft 84 extending across the frame.

At the rear of the vibratory member I provide depending thrust abutments 85 which coact with the resilient buffers or thrust members 86 on the rear side of the vibratory member. In front of the vibratory member I provide depending abutments 8! which coact with the resilient thrust member 86 so that the vibratory member is held in upright position and is advanced in proper relation to the spreader and at the same time is supported for free vibratory movement.

In this embodiment, the vibratory member may be raised and lowered independently of the spreader and the screed, one of the levers 83 being provided with a nut 88 which is engaged by the screw 89 having a hand wheel 90 so that manual adjustment to the desired position is possible.

In all of these embodiments, the vibratory member and spreader coact to effectivel spread and strike off the material. When the screed is in operation the material is struck off and is rendered fluid or semi-fluid so that the screed may act most effectively in producing a smooth and highly satisfactory paving or concrete slab. The machine is of very large capacity and performs the work of a number of men commonly required where the concrete material is spread between the forms by manual labor which labor is very arduous owing to the character of the material, and this is the case even where great care is exercised in dumping or discharging the material from the mixer or dumping trucks as the case the fact that the voids are Very effectively worked even from a harsh mixture or a mixture having substantially no-slump water content, and the material is delivered to the finishing screed in a highly workable state for screeding and surface finishing so that the several steps may be successfully performed in succession,

I have illustrated and described m invention in certain embodiments thereof which I believe will enable those skilled in the art to embody my invention as may be desired and also I have illustrated apparatus for the practicing of my method which I believe will enable those skilled in the art to practice my method by other suitable means.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a carriage, a screed adapted for ad vancement with the carriage, a manually controlled reversibly driven spiral spreader for the material to be placed disposed horizontally and transversely of the path of forward travel and in advance of said screed for advancement therewith, a plate-like combined vibratory member and strike-off disposed at the rear of said spread er for advancement therewith and adapted to support a substantial mass of material in such relation to the spreader as to vibrate the material and render it fluid or semi-fluid while it is being acted upon by the spreader thereby facilitating the spreading and placement thereof, means for vibrating said vibratory member at high frequency mounted thereon, flexible hangers for said vibratory member, bell crank levers for supportin said flexible hangers, means for adjusting said bell crank levers whereby said vibratory member is vertically adjusted relative to the screed and to said spreader, front and rear thrust abutments bination of a carriage, a spreader for the material to be placed, a vibratory member disposed at the rear of said spreader for advancement therewith and adapted to support a substantial mass of material in such relation to the spreader as to vibrate the material and render it fluid or semi-fluid while it is being acted upon by the spreader thereby facilitating 'the spreading and placement thereof, means for vibrating said vibratory member at high frequency mounted thereon, flexible hangers for said vibrator member, means for supporting said flexible hangers, means for adjusting said hanger supports whereby said vibratory member is vertically adjusted relative to said spreader, front and rear thrust abutments adjacent the ends of said vibratory member, and cushioning buffers disposed on said vibratory member to coact with said thrust abutments.

CORWILL JACKSON.