US2392742A - Stationary ventilator - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 8, 1946. E. M. JENKINS STATIONARY W EZNTILATOR Filed May 25, 1943 INVENTOR v [an 4w 4/. Jaw/m0.

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TTORNEY Patented Jan. 8, 1946 'UNITED STATESMPATVENT OFFICE STATIONARY VENTILATOB Edward M. J enkins, Somerville, N. J assignor to J ohns-Manville Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 25, 1943, smart. 488,345 Claims, (01.98414) .My invention relates to improved stationary ventilators for buildings and like structures. Stationary ventilators, here referred to, are of the ty e including an air eduction pipe or stack communicating with the interior of the building to permit the exhaust of fumes or air, and also including a, weather protecting device overlying the eduction pipe to prevent the entry of rain or other precipitation. More particularly the invention is concerned with such ventilators employing asbestos-cement materials in their manufacture.

Heretofore stationary ventilators have for the most part been made of sheet metal and hence, have been subject to deterioration under severe service conditions, as for example, where corrosive fumes are vented. Also, they have not the permanency required to withstand the action of weather'over extended periods. It has also been proposed to construct ventilators of asbestoscement material-in an attempt to eliminate-these .difficulties, but the proposed constructions have still required the use of metal fiashings and like metal parts which have, to a considerable extent, voided the advantages which would have otherwise been achieved through the use' of asbestoscement. Also the priorvproposals have required a'large number of parts adding unduly to the manufacturing and erectioncosts and furthermore, have not provided the appearance and ventilating characteristics desired.

The principal object of the instant invention is;the provision of an improved ventilator and mounting therefor in which all of the exposed parts are composed of a hardened, compressed, asbestos-cement composition. The improved ventilator of the invention operates efliciently, both from the standpointof air exhaust, and in the prevention of leakage of rain or other precipitation into the eduction pipe.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a. simplified ventilator construction which eliminates the need of metal flashings.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a ventilator, formed for the most. part of hardened, compressed, asbestos-cement materials, in which the entire erection may be made from the top side of the building.

A still further object of the invention. in one form thereof, is the provision of a special type ventilator cap.

My invention will be more fully understood and further objects and advantagesthereof will become apparent when reference is made to the more detailed description .thereofwhich is to follow, and to the accompanying drawing, in which:

' Fig. l is a side elevatlonal view of a ventilator mounted on a building structure;

. 2 is an elevational view on an enlarged scale ofthe ventilator of Fig. 1, with parts in section;

Fig; 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale, illustrating features of the con struction;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig; 3; and

:Figxfi is a view similar, to Fig. 2 with parts omitted for clearness of illustration, depicting a special form of the ventilator cap. Referring now to the drawing and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a ventilator Ii) comprising an eduction pipe 12, supported on a roof structure I 4, and communicating through an opening 16 with the interior of the building. In Fig, 1, the ventilator is shown as mounted upon a pitched roof, but it will be understood that the ventilator may equally well be erected on fiat roofs or on the roof ridge, by properly shap ing the lower portion of the eduction pipe and the other base elements. Also, if desired, the ventilator may be mounted upon a level surface supported on-a curbing built up from the roof."

In accordance with the invention, the eduction pipe or stack 12 is of relatively heavy'cone struction and is suitably formed of a length of hardened, compressed, asbestos-cement pipe, such as that known in the trade as Transite pipe. Surrounding the lower end of the eduction pipe isa base collar or ring I 8, preferably formed of similar asbestos-cement material and of somewhat greater wall thickness. Base ring 18 and eduction pipe [2 are secured together as by bolts 20. extending through aligned bolt holes in the two members, the threaded ends of tliebolts lying in recesses 22 extending inwardly from the peripheral face of the base ring, .Recesses 22 are of such size and character as to receive the nuts to be threaded. upon bolts 20. As will be understood, the number ofibolts employed will be sufiicient toprovide secure anchorage of the two parts, the number varying with the size of the ventilator and the size of the bolts.

The'eduction pipe 12 and its base ring l8 are supported from a b se plate 24 which rests upon the building structure, and which includes a central opening corresponding with the interior cross-section of pipe l2, Base plate 24, is also preferably formed" of a hardened, compressed, asbestos-cement material. -The base plate may be laid over any type of roofing and has interposed between it and the roofing or roof structure a layer 26 Of. a suitable plastic weather-sealing I compound, such as an asphaltic putty. The base plate may be secured to the roof structure as by lag screws or bolts 28, the particular fastening means depending upon the type of roof construction. Due tothe large area of contact between base plate 24:and the roof structure and l the use of the sealing compound, no further flashing, such as the metal flashing normally em-v between these parts is insured.

ployed is necessary and a weather-tight Joint tained. Annular baffle 54, supported below the Between the lower ends of the eduction pipe and base ring and the face oft-he base plate a,

gasket 30 is interposed (see particularlyFig. 3); The gasket may be of any suitable material of sufficient thickness to accommodate slight irregularities and of sufficient softness to bed the flat surface of the base ring upon the gasket under" the load imposed by the weight ofthe ventilator and the holddown'studs, later described. Also, of

course, the gasket must have a satisfactory life for the conditions under which the ventilator is to be used. It has been" determined, for example,

that a gasket made of standard asbestos, asphalt impregnated'roofing felt of, say, 55 lb. weight, is satisfactory in most cases. Better grades of gasketing material may be employed where necessary or desirable.

Collar l8 is'secured to base plate 24 by holddown studs 32. threads formed in perforations 34 in the base plate, as indicated at 36 (see Fig. 3) or, if desired,

the lower end of the studs may project into re-J cesses 36 in the bottom side of the base plate andreceive nuts 40, or both of these means may be employed In any event the studs are preassembled with the base plate. The studs ex-:

tend upwardly through aligned bolt holes in gasket 30 and base ring I8 with upper projecting threaded ends lying in recesses 42, the latter extending inwardly from the peripheral face of the These may be threaded into Storm band 52 and cap 56 are proportioned and arranged so that rain or other precipitation cannot drive directly into the open end of stack 42. Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that a straight line drawn from the inner, upper corner of the storm band connecting with the. inner, upper corner of the eduction pipe will touch or intersect the cap, preferably the former to prevent unnecessary restriction to air flow. Cap 50 is supported sufliciently. above the end of the eduction pipe and storm band '52 is made of such a diameter that high exhaust capacity is obupper end of. the eductionpipe, prevents uprunningairfrom entering behind the storm band and causing a loss of suction head in the ventilator. That is, there is normally a tendency for such'uprunningiair to pass over the top of the eduction pipe and pocket against the under side of the 'cap, this condition being enhanced'by the stormband overhang. The baffle is extended at least to the inside diameter of the storm band and'preferably to the outside diameter, as shown, andreduces such interference with the exhausting function of the ventilator to a minimum,

, Referring to Fig. 5, a somewhat modified arrangement is showmparticularly with respect to the cap. :As-willbe appreciated, the several elemerits of the ventilator head will be supported by brackets'similarly as before, the brackets'having been omitted from the figure for clearness of illustration. In this form a double cap'62 is employed comprisingtwo dishedmembers, 63 and 64, Ofsubstantially equal diameter with their outer edges spaced a short distance 5 apart as shown. If desired, members 63 and.;64 maybe joined at a central point of contact by any suit able means, such as the bolt 66. The double capdesign solves'a serious leakage problem which has often been encountered, notwithstanding the fact that there is no direct line on which rain may fall into the eduction pipe or stack. It has been debase ring. Nuts. are threaded onto the upper:

ends of the studs'within'the recesses. A suitable number of the studs 32 are employed, pref erably equallyspaced around the base ring, to provide sufficient support of the ventilator on the I basejplate to withstandwindload stresses, vibrae tion, shocks and the like, to which the ventilator may be subjected. Nuts 44 are drawn firmly onto the studs tojcompress'gasket 30 and provide a weather-proof seal between the end of the base ring and the base plate, As will be understood, the gasket is compressed to an appreciable extent by the weight of the ventilator resting on it, but a the compression is increased by the tension in the holddown studs.

Securedto the upper end of the eduction pipe as by bolts 46 are a plurality of supporting brackets48. The brackets are made of flat pieces of termined that when a driving rain strikes the edge or adjacent the edgeof member 63 (the path of rain dropsbeing indicated'by the arrows in'Fig; 5),;the rain drops fall or flow down the edg and due to their relatively high velocity; swing: inwardly as they break loose from the our face tension andfall from the edge. In manyin:

material, preferably hardened, compressed, as- V bestos-cement material. The bracket are preferably spaced at equal distances around the circumference of the eduction pipe. Brackets 48 support a cap 50,. storm band 52 and annular baflile 54. These several parts are secured to the supporting bracket 48 by bolts or the like 56. It will benoted that in'each instance the ends of the bolts are recessed in the members 50, 52, or 54, as the case may be, the bolts extending through perforations in bracket 48. These per forations terminate in transverse perforations 58 which receive thenuts or other retaining means on the ends of the bolts.

stances theinward swing (see arrow 70) ,i in the absence of the special cap construction here provided, is sufiicient to permit'the drops to fall into the eduction pipe. The presence of member 64 v solves this problem as the swinging drops strike the latter member and flow over its edge to fall: substantially vertically outside the 'eductionpipe (see arrow 12), as by this time the high velocit of the drops'is substantially dissipated.

' As previously pointed out, the heads, of the bolts:

or studs employed to secure the several parts together lie in recesses. Upon assembly of the ventilator these recesses are filled with a suitable plastic sealing compound or putty, such as arias phaltic putty, whereby no metal is exposed tocorerosiveinfluences, and flush; smooth surfaces are obtained. The heads ofbolts 20 and 46 lyingin the eduction pipe 12 may similarly be recessed; if desired, or in lieu thereof, the heads may be cov ered with the putty or sealing compound, as in-, dicatedatfl. Y f

In the erection of a ventilator in accordance with the invention, a base plate 24 is first laid in a mopping or layer of the sealing compound en i o ed ha t entra n na il the opening ln-the-roof'of-the building; The

asecma opposite sides of the ridge and joined at the peak, the Joint being sealed by suitable compound, such asthatemployed at 2B. In lieu of laying the base plate directly on the roof, a curb may be built up, and a fiat surtace provided for the ventilator, as previously explined. The base plate,

with the studs 32 previously inserted and extending therefrom, is secured in position by the bolts or lagscrews.

After the base plate is in position, gasketing material 30 is positionedto surroundthe opening.

Preferably thisis supplied in the form of a sheet with a. central opening corresponding with the, After 1 the ventilatory l opening in the base plate. is mounted the gasket sheet is trimmed to size by scoringor cutting it around the periphery of the basering. If the installation is made on a pitched roof or on the ridge, basering l8 and eduction pipe, l2 are cut at their lower ends to conform with the configuration of theroof, as illustrated, for example, in Fig. 1 where a pitched roofinstallation is shown. The ventilator, preferably in assembled form, is lowered onto the base plate 24 with'studs 32 entering the bolt holes in the base ring. Nuts are then placed on the ends of the studs in the recesses 42 and drawn down firmly to secure the ventilator in position and to compress gasket ring 30. Recesses 42 are then filled with a plastic putty, as previously referred to.

As will be appreciated from the foregoing description, the ventilator, constructed and mounted in accordance with the invention, provides a permanent installation not subject to deteriora tion through the action of corrosive fumes or weathering conditions. The ventilator may be mounted entirely from the top side of the roof and may be removed from time to time, as required. Mounting or dismount ing of the ventilator will in no way interfere with normal activities, as no scaffolding or other erection need be employed within the building.

Having thus described my inventionin rather supporting said pipe,lflexible 'gasketing means confined: between said base ringand base plate:

having fan'opening'leading into said eductionpipe, a relativelythick walled substantiallycylindrical; I integral base ring embracing and supporting said: eduction pipe, a flexible gasketing means between.

said base ring and.base plate, and means securing said, base ring" and base plate together and compressing said gasket therebetween, said parts, with the exceptionof the gasketing, means, beingcomposed of ahardenedcompressed, asbestoscement. materiaL' V g 4. A ventilator construction comprising an eduction pipe, a base plate resting on abuilding structure and secured thereto, said base plate having an opening leadinginto said'eduction pipe, plastic material between said base plate. andstructure, anintegral base ring embracing and and securing means projecting from said base plate andextending into said'base ring to bind the same together and to .compress the gasketirxg means.

5. A ventilator construction comprising a base plate resting on a building structure and secured thereto, said base plate. having an. opening therein, plastic material between said base plate.

and structure, an eduction pipe extending'upwardly from saidbase plate around said opening,

a.;base ring'surrounding said pipe adjacent said base plate, a gasket confined between the lower end of the base ring and the base plate, bolt holes extending substantially axially of said ring from the lower end thereof, slots extending inwardly full detail, it will be understood that these details need not be strictly adhered to but that various changes and modifications will suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, all falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the subjoined claims.

What I claim is:

1. A stationary ventilator comprising an eduction pipe, a substantially cylindrical base ring surrounding and engaging the eduction pipe, a cap member, a storm band surrounding the end of said eduction pipe and said cap member, and supporting members therefor, said parts being composed of a hardened, compressed and densified asbestos-cement material.

2. A stationary ventilator comprising an eduction pipe, a base plate to rest on a building structure and to be secured thereto, said base plate having an opening leading into said eduction pipe, a relatively thick walled substantially cylindrical, integral base ring embracing and supporting said eduction pipe, a flexible gasketing means between said base ring and base plate, and means securing said base ring and base plate together and compressing said gasket therebetween.

3. A stationary ventilator comprising an eduction pipe, a base plate to rest on a building structure and to be secured thereto, said base plate from the peripheral face of said ring at the upper ends of said bolt holes, studs engaged in and projecting from said base plate and penetrating said bolt holes, said studs including threaded ends projecting into said slots, and nuts on the threaded ends of said studs within said slots.

6. A ventilator construction comprising abase plate to rest on a building structure and to be secured thereto, said base plate having an opening therein, an eduction pipe extending upwardly from said base plate around said opening, a base ring surrounding said pipe adjacent said base plate, a gasket confined between the end of said base ring and said base plate, bolt holes extending substantially axially of said ring, slots extending inwardly from the peripheral face of said ring at the upper ends of said bolt holes, studs engaged in and projecting from said base plate and penetrating said bolt holes, said studs including threaded ends projecting into said slots, nuts threaded on said projecting stud ends within said slots, aligned, radially extending bolt holes in said eduction pipe and base ring, recesses in the peripheral face of said base ring at said bolt holes, means extending through said bolt holes for securing said base ring and eduction pipe together, said means including nuts in said recesses, and a hardened, plastic sealing compound filling said slots and recesses.

'7. A ventilator construction comprising a base plate to rest on a building structure and to be secured thereto, said base plate having an opening therein, an eduction pipe extending upwardly from said base plate around said opening, a base ring surrounding said pipe adjacent said base plate, a gasket confined between the end of said base ring and said base plate, bolt holes extending substantially axially of said ring, slots extending inwardly from the peripheral face of said ring at the upper ends of said bolt holes, studs engaged in and projecting irom said base plate and penetrating said bolt holes, nuts threaded on said projecting stud ends within said Y slots, aligned, radially extending bolt holes in said eduction-pipe and base ring, recesses in the peripheral face of said base ring at said bolt holes, means extending through said bolt holes for securing'said'base ring and eduction pipe to-- 7 gether, said meansincluding nuts in said recesses and a hardened, plastic sealing compound filling saidslots and recesses, said parts, with the exception of said studs and securing means, being composed of a hardened, cement composition. a 4 n 8.'A ventilator constructioncomprising a base plate to rest on a building structure and to be compressed, asbestossecured thereto, said base plate having an opening therein, an eduction pipe extending upwardly from said base plate around said opening, an integral base ring surrounding and embracing said pipe adjacent said base plate and secured to saideduction pipe, gasketing material confined betweensaid base ring and base plate, securing means extending into said base ring and base' exception of said securing means and gasketing 2,392,742 I s g V -material being composed, ofa hardened, com,-

pressed, asbestosr-cement, composition 9. A ventilator construction {comprising aneduction ipe, a storm band surrounding. the outer end of said pipe; a cap spaced above said outer end and means for supporting said storm band and cap from said pipe, said cap including a plurality of upwardlydished members of-approxi-V 'mately equal diameter with their peripheral edges vertically spaced from one another. 7

10., A ventilator construction comprising 'an eduction pipe, a storm band surrounding the outer end of said pipe, a cap member spaced above.

said outer end and lying within the confines of said storm band, the'relationship between said,

pipe,'cap and storm band being such that rain cannot drive directly into the pipe, and means supporting saidstorm band and cap from said pipe, said cap including a plurality of adjacent dished members of approximately equal diam! V eters with their peripheral edges vertically spaced a short distance from one another, whereby water striking the outer one of'said dished members and tending to swing inwardly from the edge thereof will strike said lower dished member and be prevented from falling into said eduction pipe..

EDWARD M. Jnmrms.

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