US2389761A - Container closure - Google Patents
Container closure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2389761A US2389761A US444082A US44408242A US2389761A US 2389761 A US2389761 A US 2389761A US 444082 A US444082 A US 444082A US 44408242 A US44408242 A US 44408242A US 2389761 A US2389761 A US 2389761A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- coagulated
- container
- sealing
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 36
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000008258 liquid foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008259 solid foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000008 strontium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002982 water resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D53/00—Sealing or packing elements; Sealings formed by liquid or plastics material
- B65D53/02—Collars or rings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
- Y10S277/944—Elastomer or plastic
Definitions
- Thi invention relates to container closures and more particularly to closures having a novel sealing element of a coagulated foam.
- Emcient sealing of bottles, jars and similar contalners requires that an inert and chemically stable surface be tightly but resiliently held over the opening of the container being sealed.
- Many types of sealing members and sealing assemblies have been used for the purpose, but they have not been altogether satisfactory since they have been insufliciently resilient, or have flavored .container contents adversely, or have lacked inertness, or have been non-uniform and inconsistently available.
- a sealing member of resilient water-insoluble coagulated foam formed of a hydrophilic polymeric substance.
- the foam is controllably resilient, stable and inert. It may serve as the surface in contact with the contained material and also provide the resilient support desirable to insure sealing.
- a closure in accordance with this invention therefore, comprises a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening, with fastening means capable of engaging the container, and a sealing member of the coagulated foam.
- the coagulated foam sealing member may serve as a, container stopper or closure without added support.
- the coagulated foam is a resiliently rigid solid structure containing myriads of hollow spaces or cells in the nature of very small bubbles, some readily visible but many visible only under magnification.
- the poresor cells are for the most part enclosed by thin walls forming a continuous structure preventing flow from cell to cell so that penetration by gases and liquids is very slow.
- Foams differ from sponges in this respect, since the voids in sponges are communicating.
- Figure 1 is a crimp type closure having a sealing disc of coagulated foam
- Figure 2 is a screw cap having a sealing disc of coagulated foam and a thin impervious facing on the foam disc;
- Figure 3 is a screw cap having a sealing disc of coagulated foam formed by casting liquid foam into a recessed closure body prior to coagulation in situ;
- Figure 4 is a screw cap with an annular sealing ring of coagulated foam and a thin disc of impervious facing for contact with the contents of a container;
- Figure 5 is a plug closure with a supporting member and a stopper type coagulated foam seating member (alternatively the entire structure may be of the coagulated foam')
- Figure 6 is a crimp type closure with an inside conical annular sealing member of coagulated It will be appreciated many other shapes of closure sealing members may be suitably prepared of the coagulated foam.
- the coagulated foam member in accordance with this invention is obtained by preparing a foam of a liquid comprising a highly P lymeric cellulose glycollic acid, all of the water-soluble type, dissolved in water or similar cellulose ethers of the cold-alkali-soluble type dissolved in aqueousalkali; aqueous solubilized casein, soya bean protein or similar vegetable protein; aqueous polyvinyl alcohol; and the like.
- Coagulation is accomplished by'heating-the liquid foam or by treating it with a salt, with an acid substance, for example, gaseous sulphur dioxide or an aqueous acid, or other coagulant.
- Coagulation preferably involves a chemical change which insolubilizes the polymeric substance.
- cellulose xanthogenate is decomposed to cellulose
- casein may be insolubilized and coagulated with tannic acid or formaldehyde
- cellulose glycollic acid may be insolubilized by formation of an insoluble salt on treatment with a soluble barium or strontium salt.
- the coagulated foam is preferably insoluble in water but it is advantageous for it to be hydrophilic so that water causes slight swelling, insuring an efficient sealing action in the presence of aqueous container contents.
- the known coagulated foam developed by Herzog and Hoffman by heat or acid coagulation of viscose foam has been found to be particularly suitable for the present purpose. It is made by preparing a viscose, i. e., a solution of an alkali cellulose xanthogenate in water or dilute alkali, then preparing a liquid foam of the viscose, and coagulating the viscose foam to a regenerated cellulose foam.
- a regenerated cellulose foam may, for example, be prepared as follows:
- An alkali cellulose of 14-15% sodium hydroxide is prepared in the usual manner and aged for av period of about six hours. The aging period may vary but preferably is less than 10 hours.
- the aged alkali cellulose is then reacted with carbon disulphide in'a ratio of 10 kg. of the latter for each kg. of alkali cellulose for approximately 6 hours'at 23 C.
- the resulting cellulose xanthogenate is then dissolved in five times its weight of water.
- the cast viscose foam is then heated, preferably at about fill-100 C., and preferably in an atmosphere substantially saturated with water vapor.
- the heat causes spontaneous coagulation of the viscose foam, usually in less than 48 hours, to form a solid coagulated with chemical change of the xanthogenate to regenerated cellulose.
- the coagulated form is washed for a prolonged period in running water until it is substantially free of water-soluble substance, and then dried. For some purposes washing may be superficial or merely sufficient to remove most of the water-soluble materials.
- the dried foam may be cut to the desired shape for subsequent use as a sealing member if further shaping i required.
- a container closure may be prepared, in accordance with this invention by casting a liquid foam in or about a suitable container body adapted to receive the foam, into substantially the ultimate shape and position of tne solid foam. The liquid foam is then coagulated in situ, washed if desired, and dried.
- the rigidity and resilience of a coagulated foam may be controlled at will.
- Rigidity (and density) of the coagulated foam is regulated most easily by regulation of the concentration of the polymeric substance in the liquid from which the foam is prepared. The lower the concentration of the polymeric substance in the liquid, the lower will be the rigidity and density of the coagulated foam. Additional variation is by variation of the amount of air whipped into the liquid foam as a liquid foam of high air content forms a light foam upon coagulation.
- the coagulated foam may contain solid fillers such as pigments, clay, ground cork, wood flour or pulp, cotton fibres, asbestos, glass wool, and the like. Such materials are dispersed in the liquid or liquid foam prior to coagulation.
- the foam may also have dispersed therein or be impregnated with, water-resistant materials such as waxes, rubbers, resins and pitches. Paraffin is especially suitable. Preferably such materials are dispersed asemulsions in the liquid or liquid foam prior to coagulation. Mixtures of polymeric substances may be used in the foam.
- the foam may be modified by the incorporation of plasticizers by impregnation of the coagulate'ci foam or incorporation in the liquid foam.
- the sealing member of the closure in accordance with this invention may consist entirely of coagulated foam or it may comprise coagulated foam with a facing or thin facing member of an impervious nature such as, for example, a coating of wax; a coating of cellulose derivative lacquer, resin, or varnish; a sheet of tin foil or lead foil: a sheet of resin-impregnated cloth, paper, or
- fibrous sheeting a him of cellulose derivative composition, vinyl ester polymer, or the like.
- Container closures according to this invention have the advantage of an efficient seal due to the controllable resilience of the foam sealing member.
- the sealing member is impervious to oil, and inert with respect to foodstuffs and most commonly bottled fluids.
- the closure may be made entirely from inexpensive, readily available materials.
- Hydrophilic foam substances are swelled somewhat by water.
- the present invention particularly includes a method of sealing materials comprising water in a container by providing a closure seal for the container of a hydrophilic waterinsoluble coagulated foam, whereby the water insures a tight seal by a swelling action on the foam.
- a container closure comprising a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening and a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being noncommunicating.
- a container closure comprising a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening and a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being noncommunicating, and having a water repelling substance distributed therein.
- a container sealing member comprising a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being non-communicating, with an impervious facing on surfaces exposable in use to the container contents, suitably shaped to engage and seal the opening of a container.
- a container sealing member comprising a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being non-communicating, and having a water-repelling substance distributed therein, suitably shaped to engage and seal the opening of a container.
- a container closure comprising a closure body having a sealing liner consisting of a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells of which are non-communicating, with an impervious facing on surfaces exposable in use to container contents.
- a container sealing member consisting of a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells of which are non-communicating, suitably shaped to engage and sealthe opening of a container.
- a method for preparing a container closure having a resilient sealing member which comprises casting a foam of a viscous solution essentially comprising a cellulose xanthogenate dissolved in aqueous alkali, in substantially the ultimate shape of the said sealing member, in a container closure member adapted to receive the foam and adapted to hold the sealing member in sealing relation to a container, and decomposing the cellulose xanthogenate in the cast foam to form by said decomposition a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells'thereof being non-communicating.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Description
Nov. 27, 1945. A. BURGENI CONTAINER CLOSURE Filed May 22, 1942 COAGULATED COAGULATED FIGJ COAGULATED FOAM COAGULATED FIG.5
COAGULATED COAGULATED MEI FIG.6
FIC5.3
INVENTOR.
Patented Nov. 27, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CONTAINER cLosUiu:
Alfred Burgeni, East Orange, N. J. Application May 22, 1942, Serial No. 444,082
7 Claims.
Thi invention relates to container closures and more particularly to closures having a novel sealing element of a coagulated foam.
Emcient sealing of bottles, jars and similar contalners requires that an inert and chemically stable surface be tightly but resiliently held over the opening of the container being sealed. Many types of sealing members and sealing assemblies have been used for the purpose, but they have not been altogether satisfactory since they have been insufliciently resilient, or have flavored .container contents adversely, or have lacked inertness, or have been non-uniform and inconsistently available.
In accordance with this invention, these disadvantages are overcome by a sealing member of resilient water-insoluble coagulated foam formed of a hydrophilic polymeric substance. The foam is controllably resilient, stable and inert. It may serve as the surface in contact with the contained material and also provide the resilient support desirable to insure sealing. A closure in accordance with this invention, therefore, comprises a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening, with fastening means capable of engaging the container, and a sealing member of the coagulated foam. In some cases, the coagulated foam sealing member may serve as a, container stopper or closure without added support.
The coagulated foam is a resiliently rigid solid structure containing myriads of hollow spaces or cells in the nature of very small bubbles, some readily visible but many visible only under magnification. The poresor cells are for the most part enclosed by thin walls forming a continuous structure preventing flow from cell to cell so that penetration by gases and liquids is very slow. Foams differ from sponges in this respect, since the voids in sponges are communicating.
Some examples of closures in accordance with this invention are shown in the sectional views in the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 is a crimp type closure having a sealing disc of coagulated foam;
Figure 2 is a screw cap having a sealing disc of coagulated foam and a thin impervious facing on the foam disc;
Figure 3 is a screw cap having a sealing disc of coagulated foam formed by casting liquid foam into a recessed closure body prior to coagulation in situ;
Figure 4 is a screw cap with an annular sealing ring of coagulated foam and a thin disc of impervious facing for contact with the contents of a container;
Figure 5 is a plug closure with a supporting member and a stopper type coagulated foam seating member (alternatively the entire structure may be of the coagulated foam') Figure 6 is a crimp type closure with an inside conical annular sealing member of coagulated It will be appreciated many other shapes of closure sealing members may be suitably prepared of the coagulated foam.
The coagulated foam member in accordance with this invention is obtained by preparing a foam of a liquid comprising a highly P lymeric cellulose glycollic acid, all of the water-soluble type, dissolved in water or similar cellulose ethers of the cold-alkali-soluble type dissolved in aqueousalkali; aqueous solubilized casein, soya bean protein or similar vegetable protein; aqueous polyvinyl alcohol; and the like. Coagulation is accomplished by'heating-the liquid foam or by treating it with a salt, with an acid substance, for example, gaseous sulphur dioxide or an aqueous acid, or other coagulant. Coagulation preferably involves a chemical change which insolubilizes the polymeric substance. For example, cellulose xanthogenate is decomposed to cellulose, casein may be insolubilized and coagulated with tannic acid or formaldehyde, cellulose glycollic acid may be insolubilized by formation of an insoluble salt on treatment with a soluble barium or strontium salt.
The coagulated foam is preferably insoluble in water but it is advantageous for it to be hydrophilic so that water causes slight swelling, insuring an efficient sealing action in the presence of aqueous container contents.
The known coagulated foam developed by Herzog and Hoffman by heat or acid coagulation of viscose foam has been found to be particularly suitable for the present purpose. It is made by preparing a viscose, i. e., a solution of an alkali cellulose xanthogenate in water or dilute alkali, then preparing a liquid foam of the viscose, and coagulating the viscose foam to a regenerated cellulose foam. A regenerated cellulose foam may, for example, be prepared as follows:
An alkali cellulose of 14-15% sodium hydroxide is prepared in the usual manner and aged for av period of about six hours. The aging period may vary but preferably is less than 10 hours. The aged alkali cellulose is then reacted with carbon disulphide in'a ratio of 10 kg. of the latter for each kg. of alkali cellulose for approximately 6 hours'at 23 C. The resulting cellulose xanthogenate is then dissolved in five times its weight of water. A quantity of water between 4 and 7 rods, other molded shapes, or into a reces therefor in a closure body. The cast viscose foam is then heated, preferably at about fill-100 C., and preferably in an atmosphere substantially saturated with water vapor. The heat causes spontaneous coagulation of the viscose foam, usually in less than 48 hours, to form a solid coagulated with chemical change of the xanthogenate to regenerated cellulose. The coagulated form is washed for a prolonged period in running water until it is substantially free of water-soluble substance, and then dried. For some purposes washing may be superficial or merely sufficient to remove most of the water-soluble materials.
The dried foam may be cut to the desired shape for subsequent use as a sealing member if further shaping i required. However, a container closure may be prepared, in accordance with this invention by casting a liquid foam in or about a suitable container body adapted to receive the foam, into substantially the ultimate shape and position of tne solid foam. The liquid foam is then coagulated in situ, washed if desired, and dried.
The rigidity and resilience of a coagulated foam may be controlled at will. Rigidity (and density) of the coagulated foam is regulated most easily by regulation of the concentration of the polymeric substance in the liquid from which the foam is prepared. The lower the concentration of the polymeric substance in the liquid, the lower will be the rigidity and density of the coagulated foam. Additional variation is by variation of the amount of air whipped into the liquid foam as a liquid foam of high air content forms a light foam upon coagulation.
The coagulated foam may contain solid fillers such as pigments, clay, ground cork, wood flour or pulp, cotton fibres, asbestos, glass wool, and the like. Such materials are dispersed in the liquid or liquid foam prior to coagulation. The foam may also have dispersed therein or be impregnated with, water-resistant materials such as waxes, rubbers, resins and pitches. Paraffin is especially suitable. Preferably such materials are dispersed asemulsions in the liquid or liquid foam prior to coagulation. Mixtures of polymeric substances may be used in the foam. In addition, the foam may be modified by the incorporation of plasticizers by impregnation of the coagulate'ci foam or incorporation in the liquid foam.
The sealing member of the closure in accordance with this invention may consist entirely of coagulated foam or it may comprise coagulated foam with a facing or thin facing member of an impervious nature such as, for example, a coating of wax; a coating of cellulose derivative lacquer, resin, or varnish; a sheet of tin foil or lead foil: a sheet of resin-impregnated cloth, paper, or
fibrous sheeting; a him of cellulose derivative composition, vinyl ester polymer, or the like.
Container closures according to this invention have the advantage of an efficient seal due to the controllable resilience of the foam sealing member. The sealing member is impervious to oil, and inert with respect to foodstuffs and most commonly bottled fluids. The closure may be made entirely from inexpensive, readily available materials.
Hydrophilic foam substances are swelled somewhat by water. The present invention particularly includes a method of sealing materials comprising water in a container by providing a closure seal for the container of a hydrophilic waterinsoluble coagulated foam, whereby the water insures a tight seal by a swelling action on the foam.
What I claim as my invention is:
1. A container closure comprising a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening and a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being noncommunicating.
2. A container closure comprising a closure body adapted to hold a sealing member in sealing relation to a container opening and a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being noncommunicating, and having a water repelling substance distributed therein.
3. A container sealing member comprising a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being non-communicating, with an impervious facing on surfaces exposable in use to the container contents, suitably shaped to engage and seal the opening of a container.
4. A container sealing member comprising a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells thereof being non-communicating, and having a water-repelling substance distributed therein, suitably shaped to engage and seal the opening of a container.
5. A container closure comprising a closure body having a sealing liner consisting of a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells of which are non-communicating, with an impervious facing on surfaces exposable in use to container contents.
6. A container sealing member consisting of a resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells of which are non-communicating, suitably shaped to engage and sealthe opening of a container.
7. A method for preparing a container closure having a resilient sealing member which comprises casting a foam of a viscous solution essentially comprising a cellulose xanthogenate dissolved in aqueous alkali, in substantially the ultimate shape of the said sealing member, in a container closure member adapted to receive the foam and adapted to hold the sealing member in sealing relation to a container, and decomposing the cellulose xanthogenate in the cast foam to form by said decomposition a sealing member of resiliently rigid cellular regenerated cellulose structure, the cells'thereof being non-communicating.
ALFRED BURGENI.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US444082A US2389761A (en) | 1942-05-22 | 1942-05-22 | Container closure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US444082A US2389761A (en) | 1942-05-22 | 1942-05-22 | Container closure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2389761A true US2389761A (en) | 1945-11-27 |
Family
ID=23763420
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US444082A Expired - Lifetime US2389761A (en) | 1942-05-22 | 1942-05-22 | Container closure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2389761A (en) |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2427699A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1947-09-23 | Samuel I Aronovsky | Crown closures |
US2432971A (en) * | 1945-03-31 | 1947-12-16 | United States Gypsum Co | Porous composition of matter and method of manufacture |
US2444978A (en) * | 1944-11-08 | 1948-07-13 | Crown Cork & Seal Co | Closure |
US2447581A (en) * | 1944-07-28 | 1948-08-24 | Milton M Weinstein | Sealing cap for vacuum bottles and the like |
US2514310A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1950-07-04 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Composition for producing fire extinguishing foams and method |
US2610923A (en) * | 1949-04-26 | 1952-09-16 | Taylor Hugh Campbell | Caulking composition |
US2626073A (en) * | 1948-06-30 | 1953-01-20 | Armstrong Cork Co | Venting closure and liner therefor |
US2700186A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1955-01-25 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Method of making closure caps |
US2817454A (en) * | 1952-08-05 | 1957-12-24 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Sealed package |
US2964424A (en) * | 1955-06-15 | 1960-12-13 | Mast Laban | Bitumen-impregnated-foam packing material |
US3005457A (en) * | 1957-04-01 | 1961-10-24 | Ortho Pharma Corp | Methyl cellulose sponge and method of making |
US3037474A (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1962-06-05 | Armstrong Cork Co | Method of making a foramed plastic lined crown |
DE1134170B (en) * | 1957-12-09 | 1962-08-02 | Grace W R & Co | Compound for the production of sealing inserts |
US3057745A (en) * | 1960-08-30 | 1962-10-09 | Du Pont | Cellulose sponge |
DE1176014B (en) * | 1955-11-29 | 1964-08-13 | Crown Cork & Seal Comp Inc | Process for the production of a sealing insert made of elastic foam plastic in crown closure caps |
US3202307A (en) * | 1954-12-31 | 1965-08-24 | Crown Cork & Seal Co | Plastic liners |
US3325035A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1967-06-13 | Rosen And Strickman | Container closures |
US3373889A (en) * | 1961-05-31 | 1968-03-19 | Phoenix Metal Cap Co Inc | Pressure sealing jar lid |
US3786954A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1974-01-22 | Anchor Hocking Corp | Closure cap liner |
US3907953A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1975-09-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Container closure and method |
US3966071A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-06-29 | Northup John D | Venting bottle closure |
US3976217A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1976-08-24 | Joseph Dukess | Cap liner construction |
US4632265A (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1986-12-30 | Cochrane Benjamin A | Press-on cap and seal |
USRE33764E (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | Press-on cap and seal | |
US5244635A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-09-14 | Cirrus Diagnostics, Inc. | Centrifuge vessel with coaxial waste chamber having cap to prevent waste fluid transfer from the chamber into the vessel |
USD435217S (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-12-19 | Supreme Corq | Synthetic cork for a liquid container |
-
1942
- 1942-05-22 US US444082A patent/US2389761A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2427699A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1947-09-23 | Samuel I Aronovsky | Crown closures |
US2447581A (en) * | 1944-07-28 | 1948-08-24 | Milton M Weinstein | Sealing cap for vacuum bottles and the like |
US2444978A (en) * | 1944-11-08 | 1948-07-13 | Crown Cork & Seal Co | Closure |
US2432971A (en) * | 1945-03-31 | 1947-12-16 | United States Gypsum Co | Porous composition of matter and method of manufacture |
US2514310A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1950-07-04 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Composition for producing fire extinguishing foams and method |
US2626073A (en) * | 1948-06-30 | 1953-01-20 | Armstrong Cork Co | Venting closure and liner therefor |
US2610923A (en) * | 1949-04-26 | 1952-09-16 | Taylor Hugh Campbell | Caulking composition |
US2700186A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1955-01-25 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Method of making closure caps |
US2817454A (en) * | 1952-08-05 | 1957-12-24 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Sealed package |
US3202307A (en) * | 1954-12-31 | 1965-08-24 | Crown Cork & Seal Co | Plastic liners |
US2964424A (en) * | 1955-06-15 | 1960-12-13 | Mast Laban | Bitumen-impregnated-foam packing material |
DE1176014B (en) * | 1955-11-29 | 1964-08-13 | Crown Cork & Seal Comp Inc | Process for the production of a sealing insert made of elastic foam plastic in crown closure caps |
US3005457A (en) * | 1957-04-01 | 1961-10-24 | Ortho Pharma Corp | Methyl cellulose sponge and method of making |
DE1134170B (en) * | 1957-12-09 | 1962-08-02 | Grace W R & Co | Compound for the production of sealing inserts |
US3037474A (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1962-06-05 | Armstrong Cork Co | Method of making a foramed plastic lined crown |
US3057745A (en) * | 1960-08-30 | 1962-10-09 | Du Pont | Cellulose sponge |
US3373889A (en) * | 1961-05-31 | 1968-03-19 | Phoenix Metal Cap Co Inc | Pressure sealing jar lid |
US3325035A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1967-06-13 | Rosen And Strickman | Container closures |
US3786954A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1974-01-22 | Anchor Hocking Corp | Closure cap liner |
US3907953A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1975-09-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Container closure and method |
US3976217A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1976-08-24 | Joseph Dukess | Cap liner construction |
US3966071A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-06-29 | Northup John D | Venting bottle closure |
US4632265A (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1986-12-30 | Cochrane Benjamin A | Press-on cap and seal |
USRE33764E (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | Press-on cap and seal | |
US5244635A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-09-14 | Cirrus Diagnostics, Inc. | Centrifuge vessel with coaxial waste chamber having cap to prevent waste fluid transfer from the chamber into the vessel |
WO1994000762A1 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-01-06 | Cirrus Diagnostics, Inc. | Centrifuge vessel for automated solid-phase immunoassay |
USD435217S (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-12-19 | Supreme Corq | Synthetic cork for a liquid container |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2389761A (en) | Container closure | |
US3005457A (en) | Methyl cellulose sponge and method of making | |
US2140063A (en) | Process for producing resilient fibrous material for stuffing upholstery | |
US2860801A (en) | Coated synthetic resin container | |
US5348392A (en) | Apparatus for mixing and dispensing a multicomponent composition | |
SU468396A3 (en) | The method of manufacture of the drug, continuously evolving volatile biologically active substance | |
EP1714767B1 (en) | Method of making foamed polymer articles of liquid silicon rubber | |
US2433849A (en) | Cork substitute and aprocess for its production | |
US2268160A (en) | Spongy superpolymer | |
USRE32513E (en) | Method for dispensing at a visibly detectable rate, continuously or discontinuously, for discrete periods of time at a steady rate, a volatile composition of matter from a container into the atmosphere as well as the container used in the method | |
US2805208A (en) | Process for preparing resinous expanded solid | |
US2321111A (en) | Process for forming foam rubber and products thereof | |
EP0053333A1 (en) | Process for the production of pre-foamed particles of polypropylene resin | |
US2077412A (en) | Process for the preparation of a molded cellulose foam from viscose and product thereof | |
EP0751900A1 (en) | Interlocked fibre stopper | |
US2138081A (en) | Process for the production of sponge rubber from aqueous rubber dispersions | |
US3032826A (en) | Crown closures | |
US3746196A (en) | Coated plastic container for liquid medicine | |
US2427699A (en) | Crown closures | |
US2206757A (en) | Manufacture of spongy and cellular products from rubber and rubberlike materials | |
US2140062A (en) | Manufacture of rubber products, more particularly of porous and spongy masses and articles | |
US1777945A (en) | Process of treating rubber latex | |
RU2175937C2 (en) | Sealing device for container and method of its making | |
US2506249A (en) | Process for manufacturing artificial chamois | |
US2426430A (en) | Manufacture of sponge rubber |