US238709A - Huest - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

S. R. PARKHURST. Machine for Opening and Cleaning Wool.

' Patented March 8 NPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER. wAsHxNGToN. D C.

the steel-toothed feed-rollers b b.

STATES FITIC@ STEPHEN R. PARKHURST, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO EMILY R. PARKHURST, OF SAME PLAGE.

MACHINE FOR-OPENING AND CLEANING WOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 238,709, dated March 8, 1881.

Application tiled August 20, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN R. PARK- HURST, of Montclair, in the county of Essex and State ot' New Jersey, have invented an Improvementin Machines for Opening` and Cleaning Wool and other Fibrous Materials, of which the following' is a specification.

In Letters Patent No.56,675 granted to me, there are two feeding-rollers and a belt, from which the wool is taken by a picker-cylinder and transferred to two steel-tooth burr-cylinders, and 'thence removed by a brush.

The object of my present invention is to open and clean the wool instead of picking it. Wool after being washed is matted together, and usnallyit has been subjected to a picking operation to open the wool previous to carding. In the ordinary pickers the wool is torn and thel ber broken to a considerable extent. My machine, patented'as aforesaid, picked and opened the wool with but little injury to the ber. My present invention is made for preventing, as far as possible, any injury to the fiber. This I accomplish by the combination, with the feedrollers and the two steel-toothed cylinders, of two cylinders with hooked teeth that are employed in such a manner that the ber receives three opening and cleaning op'- erations before it reaches the strippers that knock off the burrs and foreign substances, and the speed is regulated in such a manner that the tirst opening operation is slow, the second is faster, and the third still'faster, so that the matted tiber is not torn or cut, but simply pulled apart; and this is done in such a manner that the burrs and foreign substances are loosened, and many fall away before reaching'the strippers; and I make use of an additional beater that acts upon the ber as it is thrown ofi' from the blower, and shake out any loose particles of foreign matter by centrifugal force and concussion.

In the drawing I have represented my improvements by a vertical section of the machine.

Ihe apron a is upon rollers a', and it is moved in the-direction of the arrow to convey the wool, cotton, or other fibrous material to The teeth of the feed-rollers b b stand in the same direction as in the. said Patent No. 56,675, and the wool is taken from them bythe rst hookedtooth opening-cylinder o. The teeth of this stand in the opposite direction to those on the picker in said patent, and carry the wool down instead of up. This allows any heavy or large burrs or other pieces of foreign matter to fall off through the grate s into the receptacle t. 'Ihe ber is subjected to a second opening operation by the hooked teeth of the second opening-cylinder, d. I prefer to drive the cylinder d in the same direction as the cylinder c, so that the wool on the teeth of the cylinder c is acted upon downwardly, and thereby subjected to a second opening operation and carried along over the grating u, so that particles of foreign matter may have an opportunity to fall away, and then the wool is taken up by the toothed opener l to the picker-cylinder g, and by the opener c to the steel-toothed picker-cylinder f. These pickercylinders fand g, and their revolving stripping-rollers h and 7c, are similar to those in the aforesaid patent, but the action in connection with the toothed openers o al is very different from that of the steel-toothed cylinders and the one picker shown in said Patent No. 56,675, for in said patent the adjacent surfaces run in opposite directions, while in my present improvement they run in the same direction. The result is that the action upon the wool is more gentle, and the liber is pulled apart or opened gradually instead of being subjected to the sudden action of teeth movrlng in opposite directions.

I find that the efficiency of the machine is promoted and the wool kept from injury by making use of a surface-speed about that indicated below; but I do not limit myself in this particular. Starting with a surface-speed of one for the feed-rollers, the toothed openingcylinders should travel at about double that speed of surface, so that the tirst opening and cleaning operation between the toothed feedrollers and the hooked teeth of cylinder c will be gradual. If the toothed cylinders c and d travel at the same speed and in the same direction the adjacent surfaces will have a speed of two, and one be moving in one direction and the other in the other direction. This will IOO clean and open the wool in a very thorough manner, and as these teeth are smooth hooking tapered teeth they will pull the lock of wool open without injury.

I remark that with some qualities of wool it may be preferable to revolve the cylinder d in the opposite direction to that shown, and

at a slower speed than the cylinder c, in order that the second opening operation may be as gentle as the rst opening operation.

With the surface-speed of two for the cylinder c the steel-toothed picker-cylinders f and g should have a surface-speed of about six, so as to draw oii' the wool and spread it as a thin layer on each cylinder f and g, and I remark that although the teeth of the cylinders c and d stand as shown, so that the cylinders fand g tend to pull the liber off in the direction of the length of the said teeth on the cylinders f g, still the hooked form of such teeth causes them to hold the looks of wool long enough for them to be thoroughly opened as they are taken upon the cylinders f g.

The surface-speed of the strippers h k should be about ltwice as great as that of the cylinders fg, as usual in this class of machines. The action of these strippers, as is well known, is to spread and open the locks of wool and beat out any burrs or particles of foreign matter. The burrs from the stripper It are received into a box at a', as heretofore employed. The burrs from the stripper 7s fall down and eventually drop through the grating or screens a s.

The blower t is connected, by the trunk c', with the closed box t beneath the gratings u s, so as to exhaust and drive away any dust that is separated from the wool, and not only aid in clearing the wool, but prevent the dust passing out into the mill. i

The delivery-brush Z is similar to that shown in my aforesaid Patent No. 56,675. It takes the ber oif the steel -toothed picker-cylinders fand g and blows it away through the trunk 7c.

In Letters Patent No. 163,687 I have shown a range of fingers in the delivery-trunk of a blower to catch the fiber, and the saine is swept oft' the fingers and subjected to a concussion by a revolving beater.

I have discovered that it is preferable to dispense with the fingers and allow the beaters to act directly upon the fibers or locks of Wool as they float in the air, and by concussion and centrifugal action throw off burrs and particles of heavy or foreign matters that may be with the fiber.. ith this object in view I introduce in the trunk k a revolving beater, m, the case or spout at this place having a curved top, L', and a grated bottom, lz, above the box q, and by preference a detlector-plate, I3, is applied at the Lipper part of the spout or trunk, so as to give a downward direction to the ber floating in the air, so that the beater m may project the same downwardly against the grating Z2 at the bottom for the aforesaid purposes, and I prefer to use a second revolving` beater, a, and a second deector, o, so as to expose the escaping ber to a second cleaning action of the same character as last described, and I remark that a third beater might be employed.

The means for giving rotation to the respectve rollers and cylinders are preferably as folows:

The power is applied to the shaft a2 of the toothed opening-cylinder c, and by thc gearwheels 2, 3, and et motion is communicated to the second opening-cylinder, d.

Upon the shaft a2 there is a small pulley, and by the belt 5 motion is given to the pulley 6, pinion 7 and gear-wheel 8, which latter is on the shaft of the feed-roller b', and a small wheel on this shaft gears into a wheel on the shaft of the feed-roller b,to give motion to said feed-rollers.

The picker-cylinders f and g are rotated by the belt 9, which passes over pulleys on the shafts of f and g, and also over a pulley on the sha-ft of the intermediate gear, 3.

The delivery-brush lis revolved by a belt, 10, that passes over a large pulley upon the shaft a2, and over a pulley upon the shaft of l.

A large pulley upon the shaft of the opening-cylinder d, and the crossed belt 11, give rotation to the shaft 12, and by the belt 13 motion is given to the stripping-rollers h and k.

A crossed belt, 16, from the pulley on the shaft of d gives motion to the shaft of the blower, and by the crossed belt 14 rotation is given to the beater fm, and by the belt 15 motion is given to the second beater, a.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, with the steel-toothed picker-cylindersf g, and strippers l1J 7c, of the two opening cylinders c d, having hooked teeth, and acting with the cylinders f and g, respectively, and the feed-apron a, and feedrollers b b', substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of apairof toothed feeding-rollers, b b', an opening-cylinder, c, acting to open and comb the wool as delivered from the feed-rollers, a second opening-cylinder, d, acting with the cylinder c to open the wool, a grating beneath the cylinders c d, steel-toothed pickin g-cylinders fg, acting, respectively, with the cylinders c and d, and a brush to remove the ber from the cylinders f g, substantially as specified.

3. In a fiber-cleaning machine, the combination, with the delivery-brush l and the trunk thereof, of a revolving beater acting upon the fiber, and a grating beneath the beater, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the delivery-brush and spout or trunk in a ber-c1eaning machine, of a deflector in the trunk or spout of the brush, and a revolving beater that acts upon the fiber as it passes through said trunk, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with the delivery-brush and trunk or spout, in a ber-cleanin g machine, of a deflector in the trunk of the brush,

IOO

IOS

IIO

:t revolving beater, a screen or grating, and a upon the Wool and open, brush, and clean the 1o closed box beneath the beater, substantiallyas same, substantially as set forth.

set forth. Signed by 'me this 16th day of August, A.

6. The combination, in a machine for remov- D. 1880. 5 ing foreign substances from Wool or other ber, s R PARKHURSCR of a feeding-belt, toothed feed-rollers, two

hooked-tooth opening-cylinders, two steel- Witnesses:

tooth piokeroylinders and strippers, a deliv- GEO. T. PINCKNEY, ery-brush, and a beater to act in succession WILLIAM G. MOTT.

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