US2383852A - Window construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug, 1945.. H; GOLDEN BERG WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 6; 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG;

m .w N n 2 e h 6 P H 4: W n, w w m g m n w 7+ m L s H 3 l e t H Aug. 28 1945. H. GOLDENBERG WINDOW CQNS'IRUCTION Filed 00.1... 6, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Face. 6

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- lrwenfor: HARRY GOLD EN BERG! h++ orney Aug. 28, 1945. H. GOLDENBERG WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed ot. 6, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 //4/A/ PM.-.

' I lnverHOr': HARRY LDENBERG KMZam A-r't-erney Aug. 28, 194 5. H. GOLDENBERG WINDOW CONSTRUQTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct, 6 1945 5 w WWI/ "Yenfor: HARRY G OLDENBERG BS f 7 I A'Horney Patented Aug. 28, 1945 UNITED} STATES PATENT orrica WINDOW- CONSTRUCTION liarry Goldenberg, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor of one-third to Henry Goldenbergand one-third to Charles E. Meyers, both of Philadelphia, Pa.

Application october 6, 1943, Serial'No. 505,101

Claims.

sides of the glass panes of the window sashes accessible from within the room for cleaning.

ventional type of sash-balancing means; and to generally improve the construction of the window unit or my previously issued patent aforesaid.

Other objects and advantages of the invention v and economies effected thereby will be apparent more fully hereinafter, it being understood that I the invention consists substantially in the com- A further object of the present invention is to I provide a window construction of the above type wherein either or both of the slidingsashes may not only be swung inwardly of the window frame but may also be quick-detachably removed therefrom with a minimum of effort and without requiring any disorganization of the sash-balancing mechanism, the latter remaining intact within the vertical boxes provided therefor in opposite sides of the window frame, the arrangement being such that either one of the sashes may be entirely removed from the window frame independently of the other sash.

A further object of the present invention is to improve the design and construction of the means employed for locking the sash-balancing mechanisms in position preliminarily to removal of the sashes from their frames or to the swinging thereof inwardly about their respective pivots,

these locking means being automatically operative upon both sides of each sash to hold the sash-balancing mechanisms in locked position and so render the sash free to be either bodily removed from its frame or swung inwardly about its pivots, as may be desired. Additionally, this 7 had to the sash-balancing weights, when the some are employed, without requiring difficult dismantling of the window frame as is now required in the-conventional type of window construction; to make possible the use of any con Ill) bination, construction, location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will appear more fully hereinafter, as shown in the accompanying drawings and as finally pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the window unit constructed in accordance with and embodying the principles of the present invention, the upper and lower sashes both being shown in closed position;

Figure 2' is a front elevational view showing the lower sash swung out of the plane of the window frame toward the inner or room side thereof;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing the upper sash in lowered position;

Figure 4 is a view showing both of the sashes swung inwardly of the window frame;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along the lines 55 of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to Figure 5 but showing the lower sash removed and the upper sash in lowered position;

Figure '7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line l--l of Figure 1;

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are transverse sectional views taken respectively along the lines 8-8 of Figure 1, '9-9 of Figure 2 and lfii0 of Figure 4;

Figures 11 and 12 are front and side elevational views, respectively, of the locking detents for the sash-balancing devices;

Figures 13 and 14 are transverse sectional views taken respectively along the lines l3--l3 and I4-|4 of Figures 11 and 12;

Figure 15 is a front elevational view of the lower portion of one side of the window frame ventilator designed for use with the unit of the present invention;

Figure 21 is a vertical sectional view of said window ventilator;

Figure 22 is a partial elevational view of one of the sash retaining elements;

Figure 23 is a vertical sectional view of said I sash retaining elements taken on the line 2323 of Figure 22;

Figure 24 isa view similar to Figure 23 but showing the detent lifted to permit removal of one of the sash retaining elements; and

Figure 25 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 25-25 of Figure 2.

Referring now to the drawings, it will be observed that the window frame of the present invention which may be formed of wood or metal and of any heighth and width as may be desired, is generally of rectangular form having a bottom sill member ill, a top header member H and a .pair of opposed vertical stiles l2 and I3, all of of the stiles i2 and I3 are a pair of laterally spaced vertical boxes l6 and IT in which are disposed the sash-balancin mechanisms of the type preferably employing a coarse pitch screw l8 which moves axially into and outof an elongated tube immovably fixed in the upper part of the frame against the action of a spirally wound sash-balancing spring encased within said tube. Inasmuch as this type of sash-balancing mechanism is of conventional construction and quite generally used in the art, no further description thereof need be given here, it being understood further that the present invention is, of course, not limited to the use of this type sash-balancing mechanism and that in lieu thereof, the conventional weighted sash cords extending over pulleys fitted in the vertical stiles l2 and I3 may be employed. These pulleys are shown dotted in Figures 5, 6 and 7.

It will be noted that except for the fact that the outer sash I4 is of less width than the inner sash l5, these sashes may be of conventional construction, although preferably, the lower rail member it of the outer sash and the upper rail member l of the inner sash are respectively provided with complementally shapedrabbeted edges to provide an adequate weather tight fit between these meeting rails of the two sashes when the same are both brought into the closed position as shown in Figures 1 and 5. Also, the upper rail N of the outer sash is preferably rabbeted to snugly fit a complementally rabbeted part of the top header member I I of the window frame. In order to compensate for slight difference in widths of the outer and inner sashes and to present the double-hung sash window unit of the present invention with a more or less con ventional appearance, the opposed vertical rails of the outer sash M are each of less width than the corresponding vertical rails of the inner sash l5, thereby providing both sashes with light openings of equal width, as is shown most clearly in Figure 1.

The vertical stiles l2 and I3 of the window frame are each so constructed as to be of stepped formation in their transverse sections (see Figures 8 to 10), this stepped'cross-section of each stile being of gradually reduced width from the outer toward the inner sides of the frame. Thus, each of the stiles l2 and I3 is provided with the laterally off-set vertical faces I9, 20 and 2|, these faces being separated from each other by the intervening boxes or channels l6 and I! in which are operable the sash-balancing devices of the screw type hereinbefore mentioned.

Adapted to be respectively secured to the several off-set faces I9, 20 and 2| of each of the vertical stile's of the window frame are the vertically extending members 22, 23-and 24. Of these members, those designated 22 and 24 constitute the outer guide or channel strips for the sliding sashes l4 and I5, while the'intermediate member designated 23 serves as the parting strip between the sliding sashes. For purposes which will be apparent hereinafter, one of each pair of the sash guiding and retaining members 23-23 and 2424 is split at points intermediate the length thereof so as to permit the removal, when desired, of the lower sections of these members, and in this connection, it will be understood that, if desired, members 22 and the fixed sections of the split members 23 and 24 may be formed as integral parts of the vertical stile with which they are associated.

A typical construction of the split sash guiding and retainer members 23 and 24 is shown in Figures '22, 23 and 24, wherein it will be observed that each of these members is composed of a pair of vertically alined sections 25 and 26, the upper section25 being adapted for permanent securement to the vertical stile of the window frame, while the lower section 26 is adapted to be quick-detachably removed from the stile as desired. The vertically alined sections 25 and 26 have their meeting edges 21 and 28 disposed at elevations sufliciently above the lowered sashes with which they are respectively associated when the sashes are in their lowered positions, so that when the lower section 26 of a split retaining member for a given sash .is removed, the said given sash may then be swung freely out of its normal plane of sliding movement.

As most clearly appears in Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, the left-hand retaining member for the outer sash it, when the window is viewed as shown in Figure 1, is split as at 29 to provide an upper fixed section 25 and the lower removable section 26. The corresponding right-hand retaining member '23 is continuous for the full length of the window frame. On the other hand, the right-hand one of the retaining members 24-44 for the inner sash I5 is split as at 30 to'provide a fixed upper section 25 and a removable lower section 26". It will be observed that the split 30 in the retaining member 24 is at an elevation just above the upper edge of the inner sash l5 when the latter is in its lowered position, while the split 29 in the retaining member 23 is at an elevation just above the upper edge of theouter sash I4 when the latter is in its lowered position.

It will thus be apparent that when the lower section 25 of the retaining member 24 is removed, in the manner to be described hereinafter, the sash 15 may be swung about its left-hand pivots MI -30 out of its normal plane of vertical sliding movement. Similarly, when the lower section 26 of the inner retaining member 23 is removed, the outer sash l 4 may likewise be swung 2,888,862 inwardly of the window frame and out of its normal plane of vertical sliding movement about its vertically spaced pivots 31-31, as shown in Figure 3.

In order to secure in position the removable lower sections of the split sash retaining members 23 and 24, a detent 32 is employed. The construction and operation of this detent is shown most clearly in Figures 22 to 24 wherein it will be observed that this detent is preferably a sheet metal plate member of generally U-shape. the

leg 33 of which is slidably fitted within a slot 34- provided in the lower end of the fixed section 25 of the sash retaining member. This leg 33 of the detent is notched as at 35 to receive a transverse pin 36 carried by the section 26, this pin coacting with the notch 35 in the detent to limit the vertical movement of the latter upwardly and downwardly. The base portion 31 of the U-shape detent is adapted to be received in a slot 36 formed in the upper end of the removable section 26 of the sash retaining member, while the outer leg 39 of the U-shape detent is disposed exterig orly of the said member and serves as a handle by means of which the detent may be raised and lowered. When the detent 32 is in its lowered position as'shown in Figure 23, the removable section 26 of the sash retaining member is locked in place by the depending part 40 of the detent handle part 39, while when the detent is raised ,sides of the window frame, they are each slotted,

as at 4|, so as to adapt them to be slipped over the shank of a headed pin ,4 1 extending laterally from the stile of the window frame against which the removable section of the sash retaining member is removably secured in position.

As appears most clearly in Figures 1 to 10, inclusive, the outer sash i4 is fitted along its righthand edge with a pair of vertically spaced male hinge pins 42 adapted respectively to engage with the female hinge elements 43 when said outer sash is moved into its lowermost position, as shown in Figures 3, 4, 6 and 7. Similarly, the inner sash i is provided along its left-hand edge with vertically spaced male hinge pins 44 which are adapted respectively to engage the female hinge elements 45 when said inner sash is lowered into its lowermost position, as shown in Figures 1 to 5.

From -the foregoing, it will be observed that when either or both of the sashes l4 and 15 are lowered into their respective lowermost positions, they may be swung inwardly of the frame about their respective pivots, assuming, of course, that the removable sections 26 and 26 of the retaining members which respectively engage the free or unpivoted edges of the sashes are removed from the frame. Thus, if it is desired to swing the inner sash I5 inwardly, it is merely necessary to lower this sash so as to effect a pivotal connection between the hinge elements 44 and 45 and then remove the lower section 26 of the righthand sash retaining member 24. The inner sash may-then be swung inwardly of the room, as ilorder to swing the outer sash i4 inwardly of the room, as shown in Figure 4, the said sash is first lowered so as to effect a pivotal connection between the hinge elements 42 and 43, following which the lower section 26' of the sash retaining member 23 is removed, thereby permitting sash to be swung inwardly as shown.

- The pivotal connections between each sash and the window frame are such as to permit the sashes to be readily removed bodily from the frame, it being merely necessary, in order to effect this, to lift each sash sufficiently to disengage the hinge pins (which are fixed to the the sashes) from the female hinge elements (which means new to be described. 2

As has been previously mentioned, each of the sash-balancing mechanisms is disposed for operation within the vertically extending boxes or channels 16 and I! provided in each of the vertical stiles of .the frame. These sash-balancing mechanisms may be of any conventional type, as hereinbefore mentioned, such as the screw type shown more particularly in Figures 11 and 12, or of the type employing weighted sash cords-such as are designated by the reference numeral 46 in Figures5 to 7 and 16 to 19,- both inclusive. The sash-balancing mechanism of whichever type is employed is detachably secured to the sash by the means new to be described, it being understood, of course, that a pair of these sash -balancing devices is operatively associated with each sash.

As appears most clearly in Figures 11 to 16, inclusive, the means employed for removably securing each side of a sash to its operatively associated balancing device essentially consists of a block 41 which is slidably disposed within each ofv the vertically extending boxes or channels l6--l6 and l'|-I| provided in the side members of the window frame. To provide for ease of movement of this block 41 in its channel, the latter may be provided with asheet metallining .such as is designated by the numeral 48 in Figures shown in Figures 11 and 12, the lower end of the screw I8 thereof is projecte through the opening 50 and into the pocket 5i of the body member 41 wherein it is secured by the transversely ex-' tending pin 53. Where the weighted sash cord balancing mechanism is employed, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the free (unweightedl end of the cord 46 is projected through the end opening 50 and then knotted a'sat 54 in such manner as to permit the knotted end to be packed into the socket 5|.

The body member 41, as most clearly appears in Figures 11 to 16, is provided with an integrally formed element 55 which projects frontally of the body member and into the path of sliding movement of the sash, this element being adapted for reception within a notch formed in the side edge of the sash. Inasmuch as a pair of the sash connecting members 41 is employed in connection with each sash, it will be understood that each sash is provided with a pair of notches for respectively receiving the projecting elements 55. Thus,as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the inner sash I5 is provided with a pair of such notches dos--- fully closed position as shown in Figures 1', 5, '7 z and 8, in which position said sashes are disposed for normal sliding movement vertically within the window frame, each sash is operatively connected to its pair of sash-balancing devices. This operative connection remains intact and unimpaired so long as the sashes are disposed in their normal planes of vertical movement.

Pivotally secured to the lower end of each of the sliding blocks 41 is a detent element 58. This detent element 56 is provided with an integrally formed head 59 which is generally wedge shaped in transverse cross-section to provide a camming surface 60 against which the edge of the sash may bear to actuate the detent element. As most clearly appears in Figures 16 and 17, the detent 58 is pivoted to the body'member 4! by means of a transverse pivot pin 6|. A coiled compression spring 62, disposed in intervening relation between the head 59 of the detent 58 and the relativeiy stationary member 41, imparts such bias to the detent as to maintain the head 49 thereof in the outwardly extended positionas shown in Figure 16. In this spring-pressed position of the detent 58, its lower main body portion 62 is pressed flatwise against the inner wall of the. channel in which the body member 41 is slidably disposed, as is shown more particularly in Figure 12. This depending body portion 62 of the detent element is transversely apertured as at 63 for reception of a pin or stud 66 which is securedin flxed position to the inner wall or base of the channel which receives the sliding block 41.

In the operation of the sash-detaining means just described, it will be assumed that the inner sash I5 is in its normal vertical sliding position as is shown in Figures 1, 5, 7 and 8. In this position of the sash l5, the opposite edges thereof will overlie and be in close proximity to the exposed surfaces of the sliding detainer blocks 51, and the projecting elements 55 of the latter will be received respectively in the notches 56-56 provided in the opposite side edges of the sash; Also, while the sash is in this normal position, the opposite side edges thereof will press against the heads 59 of the pivoted detent members 58 and willforce the same inwardly against the normal bias of the compression springs 62, thereby rotating the body portions 62 of the detents into the dotted line position shown in Figure 12 with the result that the detent is free of the retaining pins or studs 64. The detaining blocks 61 are thus free to move with the sash l5 and being connected to the latter by means of the projecting elements 55, the sash is operatively connected to its sash-balbut they also free the heads 59 of the detent members as so as to permit the latter to rotate about its pivot under the biasing influence of the spring 62. This latter action is automatic upon swinging of the sash inwardly of its normal plane of vertical movement and efiects instant engagement of the apertured ends 58 with the fixed pins or studs 64 to thereby anchor the sliding blocks 61 into position as shown in Figures 11, 12, 18 and 19. The sash-balancing devices are thusheld against retraction, that is, in their fully extended condition, whereby the sashes may be bodily removed from the window frame without disturbing the sash-balancing mechanisms. It will be understood, of course, that exactly the same action occurs in the-case of either sash and that automatically as either sash is swung. inwardly of theframe about its pivots, the sash-balancing devices are locked in position to thereby permit bodily removal of the sash, if desired, from the window frame.

To restore the sash-balancing device into operative condition, it is merely necessary to swing the sash back into its normal sliding position within the frame whereupon the projecting elements 55 of the sliding detainer blocks operatively engage the sash and connect the blocks thereto,

simultaneously as the detents 58 are rotated out of engagement with their detaining pins or studs 64.

It will be understood, of course, that the device for connecting the sashes to their respective balancing mechanisms, consisting of the members 41 and 58, may be constructed of any suitable material. Preferably, these members are molded out of plastic material, although it will be understood that the present invention is not limited to the method of constructing this connecting device to the material of which it is formed;

In addition to the foregoing, the present invention has as its object a construction of window framewhich provides ready access to the sashweight boxes from the front or room side ofthe window frame. This construction is shown most clearly in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, and 25. As most clearly appears in Figure 25, the opposite verticall extending members 65-65 of the frame and which extend laterally of the vertical stiles l2 and I3 to form the front panels of the sashweight boxes are each provided in the lower portions thereof with an opening 66 (see Figure 25) through which access is had into the interior oi the sash-weight boxes for removal, replacement or adjustment of the sash-weights and their supportingcords. These openings 66 are each normally closed by a closure member 61 which is so constructed as to provide a main body portion and its cooperating screen or storm sash is more specifically shown in my prior Patent No. 2,221,-

69 and the closure 81. It will be apparent that upon withdrawal of the pin 88, the closure member 61 may be removed and so expose the opening in the frame member 65 for access to the interio of the sash-weight box. v

Although the present invention provides for inward swinging of the sashes and bodily removal thereof from the frame, it will be apparent that when the, sashes are disposed in their normal planes of vertical'movement, the sashes are then slidable in the frame in the same manner as any conventionally constructed double-hung sash, and when so operated, the window of the present invention may be equipped with a screened ventilating unit such as is shown more particularly in Figures 20 and 21. This ventilating unit, which forms part of the present invention, essentially consists of a pair of side me'mbers 10-10 of generally trapezoidal shape, these members being secured together in the spaced relation shown by an inclined base member H and a longitudinal stretcher member I2, these latter members being secured together in any suitable manner, as at 13, and to the side members Ill-10 to form a rigid unit. The frontal edges of the members I'|0 are each rabbeted or grooved, as at 14 (see Figure 20), to provide a pair of opposed channels within which are removably received the opposite edges of a glass panel 15. This .glass panel 15 and the stretcher member I2 forming the lower base board for the channel are commonly disposed in a plane located inwardly of the inner sash l5 and inclined with respect thereto.

'Fitted within the rear of the ventilating unit is a removable screen 16 having a rigid frame 11, the opposite edges of which are slidably fittedbetween the side members '|0-10 of the ventilating unit, this screen being so disposed within the ventilating unit that when the latter is mounted in position as shown in Figure 21,, the screen is disposed substantially in the plane 0fthe sash I5.

It will be observed that the side members '|0'I0 of the Ventilator unit are each provided in the bottom edges thereof with notches l8 and that these bottom edges are so shaped complementally with respect to the transverse shape of the window sill Hi to provide for a snug and secure fit of the ventilating unit upon the sill. Also, it will be observed that the upper edges of the side members Ill-10 of the ventilating unit are each notched, as at 19-49, to receive the lower edge of the window sash l5 when the latter is moved downwardly into the position shown in Figure 21, it being observed that in this position, the window sash I5 is so interlocked with the window ventilator as to secure the latter in its operative position. In addition, the rear edges of the side members Ill-l0 of the window ventilator are notched, as at 80-80, to accommodate the lower hinge elements 43 and 45, which are respectively secured to the vertical stiles I3 and 12 of the window frame.

If desired, the outer side of the window frame may be fitted with a removable auxiliary frame 8 l, to one vertical edge of which is suitably hinged a screen 82 (see Figures 3 and 4), or a storm sash (not shown) This auxiliary screen or storm sash is. so hinged as to adapt it to be swung inwardly of its supporting frame 8|, it being understood, of course, that this inward swinging of the auxiliary frame is effected only when the sashes l4 and I5 are'both swung into their open position as shown in Figure 4. Such an auxiliary frame 515, hereinbefore referred to, it being apparent that the construction of the present invention is adapted to receive such screen and/or storm sash assembly in essentially the same manner as does the construction of my said prior patent.

It will be understood, of course, that the invention is susceptible of various changes and modifications from time to time without departing from the real spirit or general principles thereof and it is accordingly intended to claim the same broadly, as well as specifically, as indicated by the appended claims.

1. In a window construction, in combination, a main frame, apair of double counter-balanced sashes slidably mounted therein, means permitting said sashes to be swunginwardly of the frame about hinges respectively-secured to opposite sides of saidframe simultaneously as said sashes are disconnected from their respective counter-balancing devices, spring-pressed detents for connecting said counter-balancing devices to said frame automatically as said sashes are swung out of their'normal planes of sliding movement, said frame :being provided in the opposite sides thereof with sash-guidingchannels and said channels being vertically recessed to accommodate said spring-pressed detents and means operatively associated with each detent for detachable engagement with-opposite sides of each sash for normally connecting the latter to its opposed counter-balancing devices, the opposite edges of each sash being provided with blind recesses for receiving said last-mentioned means and concealing the same from external view when the sashes are in their normal sliding positions.

2. In a window construction, in combination, a main frame, a pair of double counter-balanced I sashes slidably mounted therein, means permitting said sashes'to be swung inwardly of the frame about hinges respectivelysecured to op;- posite sides of said frame simultaneously as said sashesare disconnected from their respective counter-balancing'devices, spring-pressed detents for connecting said counter-balancing devices to said frame automatically as said sashes are swung outof their normal planes of sliding movement, said frame being providedin the opposite sides thereof with sash-guiding channels and said channels being vertically recessed to accommodate said detents, a fixed anchorage for said last-mentioned means projecting from the base wall of each of said vertical recesses in the sashguiding channels, and means operatively associated with each detent for detachable engagement with opposite sides of each sash for normally connecting the latter to itsv opposed counterbalancing devices, the opposite edges of each sash being provided with :blind recesses for receiving said last-mentioned means and concealmg the same from external view when the sashes are in their normal sliding positions.

3. In a device for effecting automatic quickdetachable connection \between a sliding window sash and a sash-balancing mechanism therefor,'

able securement to one side edge of awindow sash, said latter means including a projecting element on said body member adapted for accommodation within a blind notch formed in the inner surface of the window sash adjacent said side edge thereof. and a spring-pressed anchoring element pivoted to said main body member and having a normal bias tending to press the lower iree extremity thereof away from said edge of the sash and into engagement with a ilxed element on the window frame.

4. In a device for efleeting automatic quickdetachable connection between a sliding window sash and a sash-balancing mechanism therefor. a main body member having m'eans for permanent seeurement to one end 01 a sash-balancing mechanism and additional means for disengageable securement to one side edge of a window sash, said latter means including a projecting, element on said body member adapted for aceommodation within a recess formed in thelnner surface oi the window sash adjacent the said side edge thereof, and a spring-pressed anchoring element pivoted to said main body member and having-a normal bias tending to press the lower tree extremity thereo! away from said edge of the sash and into engagement with a fixed element on the window frame, said spring-pressed detent being normally rotated about its pivot out of engagement with said fixed element when said sash is connected to said member by said coaoting projecting element and notch.

5. In a device oi the character defined in claim 4 wherein said spring-pressed detent is provided with a cam-edged head adapted for engagement by said side edge 0! the sash'when the latter is swung laterally into its vertical plane of sliding movement to automatically eflect disengagement of said detent from said fixed element simultaneously as said sash and body member are connected together.

HARRY GOLDENBERG.

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