US2383562A - Beam letoff - Google Patents

Beam letoff Download PDF

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Publication number
US2383562A
US2383562A US470474A US47047442A US2383562A US 2383562 A US2383562 A US 2383562A US 470474 A US470474 A US 470474A US 47047442 A US47047442 A US 47047442A US 2383562 A US2383562 A US 2383562A
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United States
Prior art keywords
warp
yarns
yarn
beams
warp beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US470474A
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English (en)
Inventor
Plunkett Brian
Robert C Scheib
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
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Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR954508D priority Critical patent/FR954508A/fr
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US470474A priority patent/US2383562A/en
Priority to GB21735/43A priority patent/GB574066A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2383562A publication Critical patent/US2383562A/en
Priority to CH274809D priority patent/CH274809A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B27/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, warp knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind

Definitions

  • This invention relates to warp-knitting machines and relates more particularly to a positive, continuous warp beam drive for letting oir yarns from the warp beams on which they are wound in a continuous manner.
  • the yarns from which the fabric is knitted are normally wound on one or more beams in the form of Warps.
  • the yarns are drawn slowly from the beams, causing the latter to rotate, and are knitted by the moving needles into the desired fabric.
  • 'Ihe rotation of each beam is usually controlled by means of a brake which prevents the beam from rotating freely when the yarn is not being drawn oi and being released when tension is put on the yarn.
  • 'I'he warp beam brake is usually released by the action of a tension rod operatively connected thereto, over which tension rod the yarns from the warp beam pass on their Way to the needles.
  • the fabric being knitted may be of such design that for a given number of stitches a greater amount of yarn is drawn from one beam than from the other.
  • the amount of yarn Wound on each of the beams differs, and the yarns are drawn from each beam at different speeds during the knitting operation. No matter how carefully the yarn is measured as it is wound on each of the beams and run off from the same, it has been. found that with mechanisms now available the yarns cannot be run out with a suicient degree of accuracy to ensure having no yarn left on one beam when the yarn on the other beam has been exhausted. Excess yarn left on the beam in this Way constitutes one of the most prolic causes of knitting yarn waste.
  • Another object of our invention is the pro'- vision of a plurality of Warp beams of such relative dimensions that said beams may be opera.- tively connected positively driven so that Warp yarns wound thereon will be let ,olf in a constant and unvarying linear ratio as said beams rotate.
  • a further object of our invention is the provision of a plurality of warp beams of such relative dimensions that said beams may be operatively connected and positively driven so that warp yarns wound thereon will be let off in a constant and unvarying linear ratio as ,said beams rotate.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of our novel Warp beam driving mechanism showing the yarns leaving a pair of Warp beams, which ⁇ beams are positively driven and operatively connected together as by suitable gearing,
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view in section of a plurality ofwarp beams containing yarn wound thereon, in which the dimensions of said beams have a. specific relationship one to the other.
  • Fig., 3 is a front elevational view of another form of apparatus wherein yarns are let oil from a pair of warp beamsin a ilxed linear ratio. showing drive means for rotating the lower warp beam and a belt and pulley arrangement whereby the upper beam is driven from the lower beam.
  • a machine frame generally indicated by reference numeral III, which frame carries a lower warp beam II and an upper warp beam I2 rotatably mounted thereon as by shafts I3 and I4, respectively.
  • vlower warp beam II is rotated by means of a drive shaft I5 which rotates in bearings I5 and I1 which are suitably mounted, as shown.
  • 5 causes the lower warp beam II to rotate through the action of a worm gear I3 keyed thereto, which worm gear meshes with a .gear I9 mounted on warp beamv shaft I3.
  • the shaft I5 is, in turn, driven by means of a positive infinitely variable (P. I. V.) reducing mechanism 20. Power from the reducing mechanism 251s transmitted to shaft I5 through a worm drive gear 2
  • the infinitely variable reducing mechanism 20 is driven by means of a drive chain 25 which runs at a constant speed and is in turn driven from some suitable power source (not shown) which is coordinated with and drives the knitting mechanism, as is well understood in the art.
  • a drive chain 25 which runs at a constant speed and is in turn driven from some suitable power source (not shown) which is coordinated with and drives the knitting mechanism, as is well understood in the art.
  • shaft I3 on which the lower warp beam I I is mounted is provided with a gear 21, which gear meshes with an idler gear 25.
  • the latter drives a gear 29 which is fixed to upper warp bam shaft I4, the rotation of shaft I4 causing warp beam I2 to revolve.
  • a l'I'he idler gear 28 rotates on a stub shaft 30 mounted on frame III.
  • the gears are designed to operate at such ratios that the rotating warp beams have a relatively low angular velocity and the yarn is let off to the needles without undue slack.
  • the rotation of upper warp beam I2 lets off a plurality of yarns indicated by reference numeral 3
  • the rate at which the beam I Lrotates to maintain the yarn feed rate constant is controlled by the speed at which shaft I5 is driven.
  • the rotational speed of the warp beam shaft must be gradually increased since, as the yarns leave the respective beams, the effective diameter of the warp beam continually decreases and for each revolution there will gradually be less yarn let off.
  • This gradual increase in the speed of the warp beam is eifected by the action of a lever 33 having a roller 34 at one end thereof and attached at the other end to the speed control link 35 of the P. I. V. reducing mechanism 25 through a rod 35 attached to lever 33 by means of a U-shaped collar 31.
  • Rod 35 is provided with a turnbuckle adjustment 38 by means of which the effective length of said rod. may be varied.
  • Lever 33 is pivotally mounted on a pin 33, carrying a mit holes 43 at the end of the lever 33.
  • rod 35 shifts speed control link 35 causing it to effect an increase in the gear ratios in the P. I. V. reducing mechanism 2li, thus gradually speeding up the rotational velocity of drive shaft I5, and yarns 3
  • Arm 45 pivots on a shaft 45 set in frame I0 and arm 51 pivots on a like shaft 45.
  • Shafts 48 and 43 go the full width of the machine.
  • Pressure is maintained on arm 45 to resist tbe downward pull of yarn 3
  • the degree of pressure exerted by the spring may be varied by adjusting a knurled nut 52.
  • the warps are wound so that they contain equal lengths of yarn and the top warp is so geared to the bottom Warp that each warp beam makes the same number of revolutions.
  • the arrangement described above satisfactorily causes the two warps to run out at equal speeds.
  • the top warp When the top warp is required to feed in at a different rate than the bottom warp, however, merely gearing the warps together is quite insufficient where it is desired that the yanr feed from the respective beams be in a constant ratio. If the empty Warp beams are of the same diameter and, for example, one and one-half times as much yarn is wound on the top warp beam as on the bottom beam so that the yarns may run od together in a ratio of one and one-half to one, merely gearing the top warp beam solidly to the bottom warp beam in that ratio will not produce the desired result.
  • a gear ratio which will hold good at the start of the knitting operation to let the respective yarns off in the desired linear ratio will not hold good at the end to maintain the let off in the same constant linear ratio since the diameter of each of the full warp beams is decreasing at a rate which is constantly changing.
  • this ratio will not be constant all through .the knitting operation as the effective diameter of each beam decreases.
  • the upper warp beam is replaced by another beam wherein the diameter of the new upper warp beam is such that it bears a definite relationship to the amount of yarn to be wound thereon and to the diameter of the lower warp beam, the respective filled warp a--the radius of the original warp beams or cores,
  • beams Il and I2 are of unequal initial diameter and the effective beam diameters thereof change constantly as the yarns run olf, it is necessary, in order to maintain'the yarn let olf from beam l2 in a precise linear ratio to the constant let oi from beam H, to change the ratio between conical pulleys 58 and 59. This change is effected by shifting the position of belt 60.
  • This change in ratio between conical pulleys 58 and 59 is controlled by the changing position of a control roller 6
  • r and R may be solidly geared together and when so geared will let on the yarns therefrom in a constant and unvarying linear ratio. Accordingly, since the dimensions a, b and B as defined are known, i. e. these dimensions are those which were normally employed heretofore, the substitution of these values in the formulae given above will yield, by solving one formula., the desired dimension for the radius of the new upper warp beam when empty, i. e. radius r, and by solving the other formula, the radius R, i. e. the radius of the filled warp beam, may be obtained. Ernploying an upper warp beam of radius r wound with yarn so that it has a.
  • a gear arrangement of the required gear ratio connecting lower driven warp beam il having the dimensions a and B with the said upper warp beam will permit the run od of the yarns 3l and 33 from said warp beams in a constant and unvarying linear ratio from the beginning to the end of the knitting operation.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown an embodiment of our invention lwherein other means are employed for maintaining the yarn feed fromtthe warp beams to the knitting mechanism in a constant linear ratio.
  • lower warp beam l i is mounted on shaft I3 and upper warp beam i2 is mounted on shaft i4, the shafts t3 and id being journaled in suitable bearings 56 and 5l', respectively, on frame iii.
  • the lower warp beam Il is driven and its speed controlled in the same manner in both modifications.
  • the upper warp beam l 2 is driven--and its speed controlled by different means.
  • warp beam H is transmitted to warp beam l2 through means comprising a frusta-conical pulley 58, keyed to lower warp which is attached througha link 63 to a collar t4 keyed to a shaft t5.
  • roller ti moving toward the beam causes shaft 65 to rotate slowly.
  • This slight but continuous rotation of shaft 65 is stepped up by a suitable gear train in gear box 66 which transmits the enhanced rotation to a threaded shaft bl.
  • Mounted on shaft Sl is a threaded carriage S8 which slides on a guide bar 89 and carries a fork it so positioned as to engage the edges of belt Si).
  • the pulleys, as well as the other mechanism, are enclosed by a guard ii which is attached to frame id.
  • the rotation of threaded shaft Si causes carriage 68 to move gradually in a. horizontal direction and this movement carries belt t@ with it, causing the latter to move across the driving surface of pulleys d and 5d. Since the pulleys are of conical shape, every position of the belt represents a slightly different ratio between the rotational speed of the lower warp beam il and the upper warp beam i2.
  • the pulleys are so designed that they cause ,the upper and lower warp beams to rotate at speeds such that the respective yarns are let off from each of the warp beams at a uniform even rate which, due to the pulley dimensions, remains in a predetermined, linear ratio throughout the entire simultaneous run on of the yarns from each beam.
  • the device of our invention enable warp knit fabrics to be knitted without the formation of stop-marks and with the elimination of yarn waste, but there is yet another advantage which is observed when said device is employed. Owing to the fact that in each instance .the yarn is positively fed to the needles and the yarn guides and needles do not have to pull the yarn from the warps, the knitting elements -of the machine maintain correct alignment much longer and wear on such parts is greatly reduced. Furthermore, since better alignment can be maintained', greatly increased machine speeds are possible.
  • said speed controlling means being responsive to the quantity of yarn on at least one of said packages, whereby the yarns are simultaneouslyvand continuously let oii' said packages in a positive manner and are fed to a textile mechanism at a constant and unvarying ratio.
  • said means for controlling the speed of said rotating packages comprising a pivotally mounted lever carrying a roller at one end thereof in contact with the yarn surface on said iirst-mentioned package, and fixed at the other end to the speed control link of the package driving means, the roller and lever responding to the quantity of yarn on said package, whereby the yarns are simultaneouslyvand continuously let on said packages in a positive manner and are fedto a textile mechanism at a constant and unvarying ratio.
  • the step of positively and simultaneously unwinding yarn from two operatively connected, rotating yarn packages at a xed and unvarying linear ratio one package having a. core radius of a and a full radius of B and the other package having a core radius of r and a full radius of R, r being equal to and R being equal to yarn yielding radius Ron a core of radius r on to a core of radius a.
US470474A 1942-12-29 1942-12-29 Beam letoff Expired - Lifetime US2383562A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR954508D FR954508A (fr) 1942-12-29
US470474A US2383562A (en) 1942-12-29 1942-12-29 Beam letoff
GB21735/43A GB574066A (en) 1942-12-29 1943-12-28 Improvements in the feeding of yarns in warp knitting and like textile machines
CH274809D CH274809A (fr) 1942-12-29 1947-10-21 Procédé d'alimentation en fils d'une machine textile, et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US470474A US2383562A (en) 1942-12-29 1942-12-29 Beam letoff

Publications (1)

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US2383562A true US2383562A (en) 1945-08-28

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US470474A Expired - Lifetime US2383562A (en) 1942-12-29 1942-12-29 Beam letoff

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2383562A (fr)
CH (1) CH274809A (fr)
FR (1) FR954508A (fr)
GB (1) GB574066A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430022A (en) * 1945-01-04 1947-11-04 Lambach Fritz Warp yarn feeding means for warp knitting machines
US2441189A (en) * 1945-12-05 1948-05-11 American Viscose Corp Warp knitting machine
US2446104A (en) * 1946-10-22 1948-07-27 Celanese Corp Web letoff mechanism
US2489609A (en) * 1947-02-17 1949-11-29 Vanity Fair Mills Inc Thread-feeding mechanism
US2514824A (en) * 1947-09-02 1950-07-11 Vanity Fair Mills Inc Thread letoff mechanism
US2600256A (en) * 1946-02-12 1952-06-10 Fnf Ltd Thread controlling apparatus in textile machines
US2664724A (en) * 1951-12-28 1954-01-05 Robert Reiner Inc Warp knitting machine
US2699051A (en) * 1951-05-01 1955-01-11 Kidde Mfg Co Inc Warp tension control device for knitting machines
US2924957A (en) * 1956-01-16 1960-02-16 Alfred Hofmann & Co Tensioning means for flat knitting machines
US2929233A (en) * 1955-04-29 1960-03-22 Textile Machine Works Yarn tensioning means for knitting machines
CN101831757A (zh) * 2010-05-20 2010-09-15 常州市第八纺织机械有限公司 双轴向经编机的恒线速送经方法
CN104630982A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-20 无锡爱依特纺织有限公司 一种渐变色经编织物的生产方法

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430022A (en) * 1945-01-04 1947-11-04 Lambach Fritz Warp yarn feeding means for warp knitting machines
US2441189A (en) * 1945-12-05 1948-05-11 American Viscose Corp Warp knitting machine
US2600256A (en) * 1946-02-12 1952-06-10 Fnf Ltd Thread controlling apparatus in textile machines
US2446104A (en) * 1946-10-22 1948-07-27 Celanese Corp Web letoff mechanism
US2489609A (en) * 1947-02-17 1949-11-29 Vanity Fair Mills Inc Thread-feeding mechanism
US2514824A (en) * 1947-09-02 1950-07-11 Vanity Fair Mills Inc Thread letoff mechanism
US2699051A (en) * 1951-05-01 1955-01-11 Kidde Mfg Co Inc Warp tension control device for knitting machines
US2664724A (en) * 1951-12-28 1954-01-05 Robert Reiner Inc Warp knitting machine
US2929233A (en) * 1955-04-29 1960-03-22 Textile Machine Works Yarn tensioning means for knitting machines
US2924957A (en) * 1956-01-16 1960-02-16 Alfred Hofmann & Co Tensioning means for flat knitting machines
CN101831757A (zh) * 2010-05-20 2010-09-15 常州市第八纺织机械有限公司 双轴向经编机的恒线速送经方法
CN104630982A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-20 无锡爱依特纺织有限公司 一种渐变色经编织物的生产方法
CN104630982B (zh) * 2015-02-16 2016-10-05 无锡爱依特纺织有限公司 一种渐变色经编织物的生产方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB574066A (en) 1945-12-19
FR954508A (fr) 1950-01-03
CH274809A (fr) 1951-04-30

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