US2381868A - Textile printing compositions - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 14, 1945 John R. Abrams, Jersey Oity, N. 3.,

assignorto Intel-chemical Corporation, New York, N. 13, a

corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application May Serial N0. $91,143

4 Claims.

This invention relates to compositions for use in textile decorating with pigments, and is directed particularly to such compositions in which the pigment binder comprises a carbamide-formaldehyde resin and methyl abietate.

Conventional textile printing is ordinarily done with water solutions of dyestufls containing water-soluble thickening agents in sumcient quantity to retard the spreading of the color on the fabric after printing. The dyestuif is fixed onto the fabric by some chemical process, and the thickening agent is then washed out of the fabric. The time and expense involved in this after-treatment, added to the originally high color cost for light and tub-fast dyes, has been a major problem in textile printing. Anunsolved problem has been the reproduction of very fine designs. Since the pastes spread on the fabric phase which is at least 20 per cent. of the total emulsion, by weight. Preferably, the binder of the lacquer is one which is originally soluble in after printing when thin enough to be removed sharply from fine engravings, giving blurred designs, it has been found impomble to use photogravure cylinders or extremely fine mill and dye engravings. Attempts to modify these pastes by addition of wetting agents and emulsification of oils therein have not solved the basic diiliculties.

The use as printing pastes of colored lacquers (which, for the purpose of this application are defined as dispersions of color in vehicles consisting of a solution of a plastic or solid filmforming, water-resistant binder such as a cellulose derivative or a resin, in an organic solvent or mixture of solvents) has been attempted in order to overcome the dimculties with prior-art pastes, but has not been successful commercially. Relatively few lacquer compositions withstand both drycleaning and washing; and such compositions as are resistant have been generally unacceptable due to the fact that the fabrics, when printed with these lacquers, develop an undesirable stiff feel (known to the trade as hand") to the necessity for using large amounts of color to obtain deep shades, and to the tendency of colored markings to rub off onto other clothing and leave a mark (known as "crocking).

In the Jenett U. S. Patent No. 2,222,581, is-

ordinary organic solvents andwhich can be converted into an insoluble state after printingmost desirably, a readily heat-polymerizable synthetic resin, best exemplified by the plasticized urea formaldehyde resins.

The use of pastes made in accordance with this patent permits of the use of cheap pigments and avoids the after-treatment necessary with conventional printing pastes, The pastes separate sharply even from very fine photogravure cylinders, although thickened sufliciently to prevent any spreading on the fabric; this makes possible much finer printing than can be obtained with conventional pastes. The hand imparted to fabrics by these pastes is very much less than the hand imparted to similar fabrics by ordinary lacquer pastes having the same binder, the amount of color needed to produce deep shades is sharply reduced, and the crocking substantially eliminated.

I have discovered that improved results can be obtained in pastes of this type, particularly with respect to wash-fastness, by using as the binder a carbamide-formaldehyde resin in the solventsoluble state and the methyl ester of abietic acid.

In general, I use from 1 to 4 parts by weight of resin to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate; all compositions in this range give acceptable prints which are superior in wash-fastness to combinations of urea formaldehydeand alkyd resins. The optimum wash-fastness is obtained with from 2 to 3 parts of resin per part of methyl abietate.

I do not know why such superior wash-fastness is obtained by the use of this ester as a sued November 19, 1940, there is described a new typ of textile printing paste which eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional dye printing pastes and avoids the difiiculties which have been encountered in the prior art lacquer printing pastes. These pastes are emulsions in which an outer continuous water-immiscible lacquer phase is thickened by an inner aqueous so plasticiaer, since abietic acid, and abi etic acid alkyd resins, are notas good when" with carbamide-formaldehyde resin, as ordinary oilmodified alkyd resins in this respect.

This type of emulsion paste, while intended:

primarily for printing, may be used for dyeing by immersing the cloth in the emulsion paste, and forcing the paste through the cloth by mechanical or other action. When so used, the resin-pigment *complex does not saturate the fabric, but on microscopic examination is found as isolated islands spaced in such fashion that a full color effect is given to the unaided eye. Hence, the fabric remains completely pervious to washing as when the composition is printed, and the fibers are not matted together as in ordinary impregnations. This discontinuity of film in both printing and dyeing to distinguish this type of fabric treatment from fabric coating.

Typical examples of my invention are the following:

is added slowly to the organic mixture, with stirring. The complete mixture is passed through a colloid mill, and gives a smooth water-in-lacquer emulsion.

when printed or padded onto fabric, it can be set by heating for several minutes at 250 F., or for some seconds at 300 F.; the resultant print is unusually wash-fast.-

Example 2 Parts by weight Urea resin solution of Example 1 22.50 Methyl abietate 3.75 Pine oil 6.20 Solvesso 14.55 Indanthrene Blue' GGSNL, 15% water paste 20.00 Bentonite dispersion-85% 17.70 Water 15.30

Example 3 i Parts by weight Melamac 245-8 (50% solution of melamineformaldehyde resin in butanol-iwlene) 20.

Methyl abieta 5.0 Pine oil 5.0 Turpentine "13.0 Copper phthalocyanlne blue, 20% water pulp 7.5

Water 49.5

a Patent No. 2,581,868.

It is" hereby certified oi the above numbered patent requiring correction e'.

Example 2, for "85%". read "8.5%"; page 2, second eolmnn,

colmnn, line 39 csarrrrcsm as commoner.

JOHN RFABRAHS.

a,ae1,ees I Changes can obviously be made in'the examples without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, any of the heat-convertible carbamide-iormaldehyde resins can be used; resins made from thiourea, biuret, guanidine, etc. are all of this type. In general, these resins can be made from carbamides having the following general formula 4 Nix-R.

where x is O, S, or N, and R1 and Re are alkyl. aryl, or H. The pigments andsolvents in the pastes are of course changeable at will. as is well known to the art, to give desired wash-fast shades and setting speeds.

The extra wash-fastness of my compositions can of course be obtained without the emulsificatlon of water into the composition.

I claim:

1. A textile decorating composition comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 1 to 4 parts by weight of a carbamide-formaldehyde resin soluble in a mixture of butanol and xylene. to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate.

2. A textile decorating composition comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 2 to 3 parts by weight of a carbamide-formaldehyde resin soluble in a mixture of butanol andxylene, to 1 part by weight 4. A textile decorating composition-comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 2 to 3 parts by weight of a urea formaldehyde resin soluble in amixture of .b'utanol and xylene, to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate, the lacquer having emulsified therein, as a discontinuous phase, at least 20% oi water by weight.

. 5 JOHN R. ABRAMS.

August lib, 1914-5.

that error .appears in the printed specification s follows: Page '2; first line 11,'Examp1e 3, for thatportion of the formuldrcedingX-C" read tion therein that the same "may conform to. the spacer ent Office.

Signed and (Seal) and that the said Letters Patent should be read-with this correcd of the ca'se in the Pat- Leslie Frazer First Assistant cqmnissioner. of Patents.

impregnations. This discontinuity of film in both printing and dyeing to distinguish this type of fabric treatment from fabric coating.

Typical examples of my invention are the following:

is added slowly to the organic mixture, with stirring. The complete mixture is passed through a colloid mill, and gives a smooth water-in-lacquer emulsion.

when printed or padded onto fabric, it can be set by heating for several minutes at 250 F., or for some seconds at 300 F.; the resultant print is unusually wash-fast.-

Example 2 Parts by weight Urea resin solution of Example 1 22.50 Methyl abietate 3.75 Pine oil 6.20 Solvesso 14.55 Indanthrene Blue' GGSNL, 15% water paste 20.00 Bentonite dispersion-85% 17.70 Water 15.30

Example 3 i Parts by weight Melamac 245-8 (50% solution of melamineformaldehyde resin in butanol-iwlene) 20.

Methyl abieta 5.0 Pine oil 5.0 Turpentine "13.0 Copper phthalocyanlne blue, 20% water pulp 7.5

Water 49.5

a Patent No. 2,581,868.

It is" hereby certified oi the above numbered patent requiring correction e'.

Example 2, for "85%". read "8.5%"; page 2, second eolmnn,

colmnn, line 39 Changes can obviously be made in'the examcsarrrrcsm as commoner.

JOHN RFABRAHS.

ples without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, any of the heat-convertible carbamide-iormaldehyde resins can be used; resins made from thiourea, biuret, guanidine, etc. are all of this type. In general, these resins can be made from carbamides having the following general formula 4 Nix-R.

where x is O, S, or N, and R1 and Re are alkyl. aryl, or H. The pigments andsolvents in the pastes are of course changeable at will. as is well known to the art, to give desired wash-fast shades and setting speeds.

The extra wash-fastness of my compositions can of course be obtained without the emulsificatlon of water into the composition.

I claim:

1. A textile decorating composition comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 1 to 4 parts by weight of a carbamide-formaldehyde resin soluble in a mixture of butanol and xylene. to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate.

2. A textile decorating composition comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 2 to 3 parts by weight of a carbamide-formaldehyde resin soluble in a mixture of butanol andxylene, to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate.

3. A textile decorating composition comprisin pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 2 to'3 parts by weight of a 'carbamide-i'ormaldehyde resin soluble in a mixture of butanol and xylene, to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate, the lacquer having emulsified therein, as a discontinuous phase, at least 20% of water by weight.

4. A textile decorating composition-comprising pigment dispersed in a lacquer the binder of which comprises from 2 to 3 parts by weight of a urea formaldehyde resin soluble in amixture of .b'utanol and xylene, to 1 part by weight of methyl abietate, the lacquer having emulsified therein, as a discontinuous phase, at least 20% oi water by weight.

. 5 JOHN R. ABRAMS.

August lib, 1914-5.

s follows: Page '2; first line 11,'Examp1e 3, for thatportion of the formuldrcedingX-C" read ent OiEfice.

Signed and (Seal) and that the said Letters Patent should be read-with this correcd of the ca'se in the Patsealed this 25th day of December, A. D. 'l9ll5.- I

Leslie Frazer First Assistant cqmnissioner. of Patents.