US2379083A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

June 26, 1945. R. c. JEPERITINGER FURNACE Filed June 4, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ewhard U. Jp aprlmq'br June 26, 1945.

R. c. JEPERTINGER' 2,379,083

, FURNACE] 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June- 4, 1941 .Ezahard 5 June 26, 19 5. R. c. JE'PERTINGER 2, 8

FURNACE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 4, 1941 J 26, 9 R. c. JEPERTINGER 2,379,083

FURNACE Filed June 4, 1941 I 4 Sheet-Sheet P? LJ .Fzchard [1J9 rimy Patented June 26, 1945 FURNACE Richard C. Jepertinger, Milwaukee, Wis., now by changev of name Richardv C. Jaye, assignor to Syncromatic Air Conditioning Corporation,

Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application June 4, 1941, Serial No. 396,531

2 Claims. (Cl. 126-439) This invention relates to furnaces and refers particularly to hot air furnaces of the type designed primarily for home heating.

The conventional hot air furnace consists of a fire pot enclosed within an outer shell through which the air to be heated flows.

It is, of course, obvious that the efficiency of the furnace depends largely upon the area of the heated surfaces contacted by the air. I o

this endattempts were made in conventional hot air furnaces heretofore in use to increase the area of the heating surface by the addition of doughnut shaped flue passages, baffles and other devices for lengthening the path of the heated gases in their passage from the fire pot to the exhaust, flue, but even with the best of these expedients, the efficiency of conventional hot air furnaces heretofore in use was not high.

It is, therefore, an important object of this invention to provide a furnace which is so designed that considerably greater heating area is obtained without increasing the overall dimensions of the furnace per rated capacity but rather with the accompaniment of substantial reduction in overall dimensions.

The various schemes employed in conventional hot air furnaces heretofore, in use for increasing the area of the heated surface resulted in tortuous passages within which soot accumulation was inevitable and from which it was difficult if not impossible to remove the soot. Consequently, these past furnaces were subject to a continual decrease in efliciency due to the increasing ac cumulation of soot and the consequent loss of heat transfer.

It is, therefore, another object of the presentinvention to provide a furnace which is so designed that the flues or passages through which the heated gases flow are so disposed that there will be no accumulation of soot on those surfaces relied upon for heat transfer.

Another object of this invention is to provide damper mounted in the front of the furnace and so arranged as to obviate the customary check valve in the chimney flue.

Another object of this invention is to provide I an auxiliary exhaust flue which is automatically opened upon opening of the fire door to thus preclude the discharge of smoke and heated gases into the furnace room during firing of thefurnace.

With the above and other objects in view. which will appear as the description proceeds, this invention resides in the novel construction,

. combination and arrangement of parts substana furnace of the character described which is so be readily adapted for either coal firing or oil firing.

A further object of this invention is to provide a novel combination draft regulator and check to illustrate the manner in which the damper for tially as hereinafter described and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it beingunderstood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one complete example of the physical embodiment of the invention constructed according to the best mode sofar devised for the practical application .of the principles thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a front View of a furnace constructed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on a plane set back from the front of the furnace;

Figure 3 is a detail-sectional view'taken through Figure I on the plane of the line 33 to show the combination draft regulator and check;

Figure 4 is a detail sectional View taken through Figure 1 on the plane of the line 4'4 toillustrate the manner in which the doors close with a gas tight seal;

Figure 5 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken through Figure 1 on the plane of the line 5--5;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view taken hrough Figure 5 on the plane of the line 6-45;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional View on a reduced scale illustrating the manner in which an air cleaner and blower may be attached to the furnace;

Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken through Figure l on the plane of the line 8-8 the auxiliary exhaust flue is controlled by the fire door; and

Figure 9 is a detail sectional view taken through Figure l on the plane of the line 9-9 showing the upper portion of the furnace;

Referring now particularly to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals indicate like parts, the numeral 5 designates the outer shell of the furnace into which the air to be heated tively. Both doors are suitably hinged to swing to and from closed position in the customary manner.

Inside the shell 5 i a gas chamber designated generally by the numeral l3 and comprising a bottom wall I4, a top wall I5, side walls IS, a back wall I! and a front wall formed by the front panel ID with its doors II and [2.

Within the gas chamber is an inner chamber providing a fire pot or combustion chamber l8 and an ash pit l9 separated by the usual grate 20, if the furnace is designed to be coal fired. If it is oil fired the grate is omitted and the burner is arranged to project its flame into the inner chamber through the ash pit opening as is customary. I

The walls of the fire pot or combustion chamber are of suitable refractory material. The rear wall of the fire pot or combustion chamber conforms to the shape of the rear wall I! of the gas chamber which overlies the same for the'height of the fire pot or combustion chamber and the front wall of the fire pot is cut down at the fire door.

It is to be observed that this inner chamber consisting of the fire pot or combustion chamber and the ash pit is not as tall as the gas chamber 13 and that as a consequence, a gas dome 2| and a gas collecting chamber 22 are formed respectively above the fire pot or combustion chamber and beneath the ash pit.

An exhaust flue 23 leads from the lower gas collecting chamber 22 to connect with the chimney. Hence, the heated gases rising from the fire pot or combustion chamber must flow down around the sides thereof to reach the exhaust flue. To this end the side walls [6 of the gas chamber have a novel formation which not only provides a plurality of separate vertical gas fiues 24 of small cross section leading from the dome 2| to the collecting chamber 22 but affords an exceptionally large area of heated surface for contact with. the air to be heated.

As best shown in Figure 5 these side walls [6 are corrugated and the inner edges of the corrugations contact the outer faces of the refractory side walls of the fire pot or combustion chamber. The gas fiues 2 3 are thus bounded by the metal walls of the corrugations and the refractory walls of the fire pot or combustion chamber so that the gases flowing down through the fiues are intensely hot for a substantial portion of their length; and in view of the small cross section of the fiues maximum heat exchange is effected between the hot gases descending the fiues and the air rising up between them.

Another advantage of the vertical gas fiues and the downward fiow of heated gases is the freedom from soot accumulation on the walls relied upon for heat transfer.

As distinguished from past practice, where tortuous passages are utilized to increase the surface area of the heated walls, heat transfer in this instance is effected almost wholly through the vertical walls of the gas fiues 24 upon which soot accumulation is negligible. The bottom wall I4 of the gas chamber upon which the soot carried by the combustion gases is dropped, is not relied upon for heat transfer.

This bottom wall I4, as best shown in Figure 3, is in line with the bottom of the ash pit door opening. Consequently, when the ash pit door I2 is open, soot accumulated on the wall M may be readily removed.

It is also to be observed that the bottom wall of the ash pit is at an elevation between the top and bottom edges of a draft and check opening 25 in the ash pit door 12. This enables the use of a combination damper and check valve 26 which in one extreme position closes the draft and opens the check and vice versa. Opening of the check valve opens a direct passage to the exhaust flue 23.

Any suitable means may be used for swinging the combination damper and check valve on its pivotal mounting as for instance a control chain Zl' and a weight 28 connected to the combination surfaces.

door by a lever 29.

Under ordinary circumstances when the furnace is in operation and the flues are hot the down draft in the fiues is sufficient to preclude the discharge of smoke and gases into the furnace room when the fire door is opened, but when the furnace is cold there may be a tendency at times for smoke and fiue gases to discharge through the open fire door; To preclude this objectionable condition an auxiliary exhaust fiue 30 leads from the upper dome 2| directly above the fire pot. This auxiliary exhaust fiue is normally closed by a damper 3! but is opened automatically upon opening of the fire door. For this purpose a link 32 is connected to the fire door as at 33 and to a crank 34 on the damper shaft.

It is to be observed that the construction employed in the furnace of this invention entirely eliminates the necessity fora cast iron fire pot and enables the use of sheet steel for all metal This facilitates fabrication and allows for a welded gas-tight construction as distinguished from the cemented connections used in conventional furnace construction.

Protection against leakage of gas at the door openings is afforded by bounding the door openings by flanges 35, the front edges of which engage paoking strips 36 carried in suitable channels formed on the inner surfaces of the doors as clearly shown in Figure 4.

The high efiicienoy of the furnace of this invention in most instances obviates the need for forced air circulation, but as will be readily apparent from Figure '7, if it is desired to use this system, the outer casing or shell may be of modified design to provide an air inlet chamber 31 containing a filter 38 and a blower 39. The air entering this chamber from the return ducts (not shown) first passes through the filter and then enters-the blower to be discharged into the .air chamber of the furnace.

capacity, and that loss in efficiency due to soot accumulation is avoided.

What I claim as my invention is: 1. In a furnace of the character described,

said furnace having a combustion chamber; an exterior wall having a, draft opening; an ash pit below the combustion chamber having its bottom Wall on a level between the upper and lower edges of the draft opening; means defining a gas chamber, part of which is disposed beneath the ash pit; means for delivering gases from the combustion chamber to the gas chamber; an exhaust fiue for exhausting gases from the gas chamber, said flue taking the gases from the bottom thereof beneath the ash pit; and a combination damper and check door mounted adjacent to the draft opening for simultaneously closing the draft opening to the ash pit and opening the check draft to the gas chamber beneath the ash pit and vice versa; and means for controlling said combination damper and check door.

2. In a heating apparatus: means defining a combustion chamber having opposed upright flat side walls of refractory material; vertically corrugated metal side walls covering the exteriors of said flat refractory side walls of the combustion chamber and projecting above and below said flat refractory side walls with their corrugations substantially flat sided and V-shaped in cross section and having edge contact with said flat refractory side walls so that said refractory side walls cooperate with the corrugations to define two opposed banks of separated substantially V-shaped vertical flues collectively extending across the width of said fiat refractory side walls and joining the spaces above and below the combustion chamber, the apexes of the corrugations in the corrugated side walls being vertically parallel straight lines and parallel to said refractory side walls of the combustion chamber so that the substantially V-shaped vertical flues have a uniform cross section throughout their length, said corrugated side walls resting against said refractory side walls whereby they are free to expand and contract, accordion fashion, without interference from the adjacent refractory walls and without breaking their edge contact with said refractory walls; top and bottom walls secured to the upper and lower ends of the corrugated side walls to close the ends of the fiues; front and back walls joined to the corrugated side walls and the top and bottom walls to coact therewith and define a gas chamber surrounding the combustion chamber; an exhaust flue leading from the bottom portion of the gas chamber and communicating with the bottoms of the vertical flues so that heated gases emanating from the combustion chamber flow downwarding through the opposed banks of separated substantially V-shaped straight, uniform cross sectioned vertical flues in direct contact with the hot refractory walls of the combustion chamher; and means forming a housing around the corrugated metal side walls to define vertical air passages extending along the exterior of said corrugated metal side walls so that air conducted to said air passages flows over the corrugated metal side walls and between its corrugations to be heated thereby.

RICHARD C. JEPERTINGER.

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