US237668A - Augustus h - Google Patents

Description

DETTE@ STATES PATENT OEETUE..

AUGUSTUS H. AIKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, AND GEORGE K. OSBORN, OF BAY RIDGE, NEW YORK.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,668, dated February 15, 1881. Application led July 6, 1880. (No model.)

T o all whom it may concern Beit known that we, AUGUsTUs H. AIE- MAN and GEORGE K. OsBoRN', the United States, residing, respectively, at Brooklyn and at Bay Ridge, both in the county of Kings and State of New York, have jointly invented certain Improvements in Lamps and Chandeliers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to lamps and chandeliers for burning liquid hydrocarbons; and the principal feature of the invention consists in the novel construction of the burner-tip and the means of adjustingit. The invention embodies, however, other novel features, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate our invention, Figure l is a vertical mid-sec` tion of a bracket-lamp embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is aplan of the same, the inverted reservoir or fount andthe cone being removed. Figs. 3 and 4 are detached detail views, which will be more particularly referred to hereinafter.

The form of lamp chosen to illustrate our invention is that in which the reservoir is supported on a pipe-bracket, generally an ordinary gasbracket; but the invention is equally well adapted to chandeliers with two or more burners, and, indeed, to almost any style of burner or lamp.

A is the fount or reservoir, arranged in an inverted position in a fount-holder, B. The month of the fount is covered by a screw-cap, a, to which is attached an inverted conical tube, b. Into this tube fits a conical valve, c, upon which presses a spring, d, which tends to keep the valve pressed'down upon its seat.

The spring abuts 'against a frame, c, which is4 attached to the cap a. When the fount is in position, as in Fig. 1, the valve c is raised olf its seat, and supported in that position by a pin, f, secured in the fount-holder B. The position of the valve when closed is shown in the sectional detail view, Fig. 4.

In the bottom of the fount-holder B is a socket, g, adapted to receive a tip, h, which is attached to the nipple of the bracket-tube. (Not shown.) This tip may be screwed onto the extremity of a gas-bracket from which a gasboth citizens of l the tip h.

burner tip has been removed, or, in some cases, the gas-burner pillar may be used in lieu of This tip forms the air-inlet for supplying a current of air to the flame, the air being furnished by any kind of air-forcing apparatus connected with the lamp or chandelier by means of a pipe or hose.

C is an air-jet tube, connecting with` the socket g at i, and arranged to produce an induced current through a larger tube, D, which opens into the burner-shell E. This is accomplished by arranging the tip j of the jettube opposite the open end ofthe tube D, as shown.

F is the oil pipe or tube which connects the fount-holder B with the oil-well k ofthe burner. This pipe is bent downward inside the fountholder to insure its extremity being immersed or sealed by the oil, and forms a sort of siphontrap, whereby a small quantity of oil will always be retained in the holder. This prevents smoke from the burner from traversing the pipe F when the lamp is extinguished.

We will now describe our improved means 0f adjusting the burner-tip, whereby we overcome many of the inconveniences and defects inherent in the methods of adjustment heretofore known.

Referring to Fig. 3 (which shows the interrior parts of the burner partially in section and the bottom of the burner-tip cup) in connection with Figs. l and 2, G is a screw for adjusting the burner-tip,.whicl1 is provided with a milled head, Z, or some equivalent device, whereby the screw may be rotated. This screw passes through a stuffing-box arranged in the lower part of the burner-shell, the thread ou the screw engaging a female thread in the bottom of the well 7c. The screw-plug m of the stuffing-box bears upon a suitable packing, a, which we prefer to make of cork, that being less absorbent than textile materials, and not in the least affected by the hydrocarbons. Ve prefer to employ an ordinary bottle-cork, perforated to fit the screw G, and before inserting it to cover its inner end with a little common soap, whereby the escape of oil from the well is the better prevented. The

upper or inner end of the screw G is swiveled in any known manner to the bottom of a cup, o, which bears the burner-tip H, and this cup,

IOO

which does not t tightly in the well k, is guided and steadied in its movement up and down in said well by some suitable form of guides. 'Ve prefer to arrange grooves in the sides of the well and provide the cup with flanges or wings to engage the same, as indicated in Fig. The bottom of the cup o (see bottom view in Fig. 3) is perforated to allow the oil from the well to pass through to the burner-tip.

The burner-tip H is constructed as follows: A cup, p, is formed from wire-gauze, and is then drawn over a sheet-metal tube, q, (see Fig. 1,) and another tube, r, is slipped over both, as shown, and soldered or otherwise fixed in place. The tube and tip are then filled with some fibrous material to draw the oil up to the tip, the portion of said material within the tip, if not the whole of it, being of a refractory nature, as glass fiber, asbestus, &c. The tip thus formed fits into the bearing-cup 0, the edge of the tube r forming a shoulder to rest on the margin of the latter. This construction enables us to house and secure the ragged edges of the gauze cup p.

It will be seen that there is an annular space all around the burner-tip H and between it and the wall of the well 7c, which allows the overflow from the tip, should there be any, to fall back into the well; and by avoiding all lateral connections usually found in wick-elevating devices, which bridge over the annular spaces, the oil drawn up by the capillary force is prevented from being carried over at the side. In some cases, however, crusts from the tip or other accidental obstructions will bridge over this space, and to guard against such contingencies we provide the upper part of the well-tube k with a surrounding cup, s, to catch such overflow, and cover or line the wall of the well 7c, inside the cup s, with a capillary material, t, (see Fig. 3,) preferably of fine wire-gauze. This serves to form temporarily an auxiliary wick, which, when the burner is in operation, carries the oil up to the top of the well, vaporizes it, and burns it.

Other textile materials may be employed for the capillary surface, but we prefer a refractory material, such as gauze, glass ber, or asbestus.

The air-space of the burner-shell E is provided with diaphragms u u, of wire-gauze or nely perforated metal, arranged substantially as shown in Figs. l and 2, for the purpose of diffusing the current of air before it reaches the burning-point.

I is a cone, ofthe usual construction.

In the construction herein shown the burner tip, oil well, Snc., are of an elliptic form when viewed in plan; but they may be of any shape, or may differ in shape, as desired.

The oil or fluid enters the well 7s from the fount-holder in the usual way, and the air from the jet-tube C enters the burner-shell in the usual way. The oil or fluid stands in the well on the same level that it stands at in the forint-holder, and is fed up to the burningpoint by capillary force.

The burner-tip H is adjusted up and down to regulate the flame by means of the screw G, which is preferably arranged in the vertical axis of the burner-shell.

The method of introducing the current of air herein shown is adapted to bracket-lamps. For chandeliers it will, of course, be arranged differently.

'We are aware that prior to our invention a lamp-wick has been propelled up or down by turning a screw connected with its carrier extending down through a stuffing-box in the bottom of the oil-well and bearing a milled head on its lower end outside of and below the lamp.

le claim as our invention- 1. The mechanism for raising and lowering the burner-tip H, which consists of the male screw G, arranged in the bottoni of the burner-shell E, the stuffing -boX, the cup o, to which the screw is attached, and the well k, in which the cup o is guided, and which forms a nut or female screw for the male screw G, all arranged substantially as set forth.

2. The combina-tion of the burner-tip H, constructed substantially as shown, the bearing-cup 0, the well 7a, the male screw G, and the burner-shell E, provided with a stuffingbox to receive the screw, all arranged substantially as set forth.

3. The burner-tip H, composed of the gauzeroo cup p, the inner tube, q, the outer tube, r, and the refractory fibrous packing, all combined and arranged substantially as set forth.

4. The well 7.1, provided with an overiow cup, s, and a capillary surface, t, substantially 1o 5 as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination, in a hydrocarbon-lamp, ofthe following elements, namely: the fountholder provided with a socket, g, the air-jet tubes C and D, the burner-shell provided with I 1o the diaphragms u u, the oil-pipe F, well k, screw G, cup o, and refractory burner-tip H, all arranged substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof' wc have hereunto signed our names in the presence of two subscribing r 15 witnesses.

AUGUSTUS H. AIKMAN. GEORGE K. OSBORN.

NVitnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, ARTHUR G. FRASER.

Images