US2375124A - Process for modifying the dyeing and other properties of cellulosic textile materials - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 1, 19451 UNITED STATE PROCESS FOR MODIFYING DYEING AND OTHER PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSIC TEXTIIEBIATERIALS James Hutchison MacGregor, Booking, Braintree,

England, assignor Courtaulds Limited.

London, England, a British company No Drawing. Application January 23, 1942, Serial In Great Britain December 24,

a Claims. (o1. 8-100) This invention relates to the treatment of cellulosic textile material for the purpose of imparting to it wool-dyeing properties, and at thesame time giving it a softer silkier handle and appearance.

It is well known that wool-dyeing properties.

can be imparted to cellulosic material by applying to it a soluble condensate of formaldehyde and urea 0r thiourea or related compounds -such as cyanamide, guanidine, dicyandiamide, dicyan-' diamidine, biguanide, methylurea, or the mixture of urea, biuret, guanidine and cyanuric acid obtained by decomposing urea by heat at about 160 centigrade, and then heating the material to a temperature of for instance 130 to 160 centigrade until the soluble condensate is converted into an insoluble condensate. Instead of employing the soluble condensate of formaldehyde and urea or related compound, a mixture of these two compounds can be used, although it may be dimcult to distinguish clearly between a'solution containing the two ingredients, and one containing more or less of the soluble condensate, since it is believed that as soon as the formaldehyde and urea are put together in aquous solution, reaction commences with at least some formation of the soluble condensate.-

I have now found that the aflinity of cellulosic textile material for those dyestuffs used fordveing wool and the like animal fibres "can be increased and at the same time a softer silkier handle and appearance can be imparted to they said cellulosic textile material by treating the said material with a solution containing formaldehyde and an arylguanidine, either as such or more probably in the form of their watersoluble condensate, and then converting the mixture or the soluble condensate into an insoluble condensate,

for instance by heating to a temperature of 140 centigrade in the presence ofan acid catalyst.

As an example of an arylsuanidine which can be used according tothis invention I mention diphenylguani v CiHt-NB-C-NH-Cdii Theprocess according to this invention can, if desired, be carrled out in the presence of other watersoluble condensates, such for instance as urea-formaldehyde, thiourea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde, and it will be found that the presence of the arylguanidine formaldehydecompound improves both the wool-dyeing properties of the cellulosic textile material and also its handle; the fastness to light of the dyed that a stabilising effect is exerted on the-said urea-formaldehydecondensate on the additionof an acid'catalyst. When'carrying out the process'of the present invention I have found that it is desirable to avoid the useof a large excess of formaldehyde. The following examples illustrate the invention but they are not to be considered as limiting it in any way.

' Example 1 30 grams of diphenylguanidine are dissolved by warming with 30, cubic centimetres of per cent acetic acid. 160 cubic centimetres of 40 per cent formaldehyde are added with sufficient distilled water to make 1 litre of solution.. A sample of an all viscose satin fabric is immersed therein andafter saturation the fabric is removed from the solution and is squeezed evenly so that it contains from to per cent of its own weightof the liquor. The fabric is then placed on a' pin stenter frame so that it retains its original dimensions, and is dried at just under 100 centigrade. The fabric is heated at centigrade for 15 minutes to effect the formation of the insoluble condensation product from the diphenylguanidin'e and the formaldehyde. The resultant fabric is then dyed at the boil for 15 minutes with 1 per cent Azo Geranine 208 (Colour Index No. 31) and 2 per cent formic acid based on the weight of the fabric, in a bath containing a fabric to liquor ratio of 1 to 40. The fabric is dyed a full shade of red comparable to that obtained with wool. The fabric has a soft silky handle and appearance and the dyed material has an improved fastness to light.

Example! 30 grams of triphenylguanidine hydrochloride and 200 cubic centimetres of 40 percent formaldehyde are dissolved in sufilcient distilled water to make 1 litre of solution. A sample of.an all 'viscm satin fabric is soaked in this solution.

The fabric is removed fromthe solution, squeezed evenly and dried at Just under 100 centigrade Emmple 3 A watersoluble urea-formaldehyde condensate 18 made by mixing together 135 grams of urea, 312 cubic centimetres of 40 per cent formaldehyde and "19 cubic centimetres of methanol, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9.5 and the solution is boiled under reflux for minutes, after which it is cooled as rapidly as possible.

grams of di-phenylguanidine are dissolved in 30 cubic centimetres of per cent acetic acid and this solution is added to grams of the urea-' formaldehyde condensate prepared above and mixed with suflicient distilled water to make 1 litre of solution. A sample of, an all viscose satin fabric is immersed therein and after soaking the fabric is removed from the solution and squeezed evenly so'that it contains from 90 to per cent of its the said material before dyeing an aqueous solution containing a watersoluble condensate of tion containing formaldehyde and an arylguaniformaldehyde and an arylguanidine and then con.

verting the soluble condensate into an insoluble of an acid catalyst. I

2; The process of increasing the afflnity of cellulosic textile material for those dyestuffs used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibers, and imparting a soft silky handle thereto, by treating the said material before dyeing with anaqueous soludine andthe'n converting the mixture into an the formaldehyde is split of! from the urea-'formaldehyde condensate and combines with the diphenylguanidine. The formation of the insoluble condensation product is effected by heating the fabric at centigrade for 15 minutes. The .fabric is dyed at the boil for'20 minutes with 1 per cent Coomassie Violet RS (Colour Index No." 698) and 2 per cent'forl nic acid based on weight of the fabric in a'bath containing a fabric to liquor ratio of l to 40. The fabric is dyed a fullshade of violet. The material is crease-resistant and possesses a superior handle compared with" insoluble condensate. by drying and heating in the presence of an acid catalyst.

3. As a new article of manufacture, cellulosic textile material which i has been treated with a solution containing a watersoluble condensate of formaldehyde and an arylguanidine, said watersoluble condensate thereafter being converted into aninsoluble condensate, by drying and heating in the presence of an acid catalyst.

solution containingformaldehyde and an arylj guanidine, saidmixttirethereafter being converted into an insoluble condensate, by drying and heating inthe presence of an acid catalyst.

' 5. The process of increasing the affinity of 5 cellulosic textile materials for those dyestufls used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibres, and imparting a soft, siikyhandle thereto,including fabric which has been impregnated flar s n formaldehyde alone. r If desired, a watersoluble diphenylguanidineformaldehyde condensate may be substituted for thediphenylguanidine in this example. What I claim is:.

l. The process of increasing the aflinity of cellu-' ,losic textile material for those dyestuffs used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibers, and imparting a soft silky handle thereto, by treating a ent No. 2,575,121

was aurcnrsoanaeonseoa. a It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification treathig the" material before dyeing with an aqueouss'olutio'n selected from the group consisting of a solution of formaldehyde and anarylguanidine, a and a solution of a water-soluble condensate of 1 formaldehyde and an arylguanldine, and thererial in presence of an. acid catalyst.

JAB. 'n. mcaamon.

of the above mambered patent requiring correction as follows: Page-2 second column, line 17, 3,and line 21 claim for "with a read h n aqueous--; and that the said Letters 'Patent shouid'beread with i this correction therein that the same may conform to the record "in the Patent Office.

' i signed and sealed this fin r 9 e 9 5 Leslie Frazer acting Commissioner of Patents.

Emmple 3 A watersoluble urea-formaldehyde condensate 18 made by mixing together 135 grams of urea, 312 cubic centimetres of 40 per cent formaldehyde and "19 cubic centimetres of methanol, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9.5 and the solution is boiled under reflux for minutes, after which it is cooled as rapidly as possible.

grams of di-phenylguanidine are dissolved in 30 cubic centimetres of per cent acetic acid and this solution is added to grams of the urea-' formaldehyde condensate prepared above and mixed with suflicient distilled water to make 1 litre of solution. A sample of, an all viscose satin fabric is immersed therein and after soaking the fabric is removed from the solution and squeezed evenly so'that it contains from 90 to per cent of its the said material before dyeing an aqueous solution containing a watersoluble condensate of tion containing formaldehyde and an arylguaniformaldehyde and an arylguanidine and then con.

verting the soluble condensate into an insoluble of an acid catalyst. I

2; The process of increasing the afflnity of cellulosic textile material for those dyestuffs used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibers, and imparting a soft silky handle thereto, by treating the said material before dyeing with anaqueous soludine andthe'n converting the mixture into an the formaldehyde is split of! from the urea-'formaldehyde condensate and combines with the diphenylguanidine. The formation of the insoluble condensation product is effected by heating the fabric at centigrade for 15 minutes. The .fabric is dyed at the boil for'20 minutes with 1 per cent Coomassie Violet RS (Colour Index No." 698) and 2 per cent'forl nic acid based on weight of the fabric in a'bath containing a fabric to liquor ratio of l to 40. The fabric is dyed a fullshade of violet. The material is crease-resistant and possesses a superior handle compared with" insoluble condensate. by drying and heating in the presence of an acid catalyst.

3. As a new article of manufacture, cellulosic textile material which i has been treated with a solution containing a watersoluble condensate of formaldehyde and an arylguanidine, said watersoluble condensate thereafter being converted into aninsoluble condensate, by drying and heating in the presence of an acid catalyst.

solution containingformaldehyde and an arylj guanidine, saidmixttirethereafter being converted into an insoluble condensate, by drying and heating inthe presence of an acid catalyst.

' 5. The process of increasing the affinity of 5 cellulosic textile materials for those dyestufls used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibres, and imparting a soft, siikyhandle thereto,including fabric which has been impregnated flar s n formaldehyde alone. r If desired, a watersoluble diphenylguanidineformaldehyde condensate may be substituted for thediphenylguanidine in this example. What I claim is:.

l. The process of increasing the aflinity of cellu-' ,losic textile material for those dyestuffs used for dyeing wool and the like animal fibers, and imparting a soft silky handle thereto, by treating a ent No. 2,575,121

was aurcnrsoanaeonseoa. a It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification treathig the" material before dyeing with an aqueouss'olutio'n selected from the group consisting of a solution of formaldehyde and anarylguanidine, a and a solution of a water-soluble condensate of 1 formaldehyde and an arylguanldine, and thererial in presence of an. acid catalyst.

JAB. 'n. mcaamon.

of the above mambered patent requiring correction as follows: Page-2 second column, line 17, 3,and line 21 claim for "with a read h n aqueous--; and that the said Letters 'Patent shouid'beread with i this correction therein that the same may conform to the record "in the Patent Office.

' i signed and sealed this fin r 9 e 9 5 Leslie Frazer acting Commissioner of Patents.