US2373661A - Electron discharge vessel - Google Patents

Electron discharge vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
US2373661A
US2373661A US518379A US51837944A US2373661A US 2373661 A US2373661 A US 2373661A US 518379 A US518379 A US 518379A US 51837944 A US51837944 A US 51837944A US 2373661 A US2373661 A US 2373661A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electron
wall portion
thin
discharge vessel
vessel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US518379A
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English (en)
Inventor
Phillips Henry Alfred De
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US518379A priority Critical patent/US2373661A/en
Priority to GB2876/45A priority patent/GB592015A/en
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Publication of US2373661A publication Critical patent/US2373661A/en
Priority to FR911147D priority patent/FR911147A/fr
Priority to BE459389D priority patent/BE459389A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J33/00—Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel; Lenard tubes

Definitions

  • a v My present invention relates to electron discharge vessels and more particularly to discharge vessels for emitting electrons into the space outside of these vessels.
  • 'It is a.further object of my present invention to providega new type of electron transmitting windows for-electron discharge vessels which are simple in construction and reliable in operation.
  • my present invvention relates to. an electron discharge vessel.
  • One of the preferred embodiments of such an accelerating electrode is a very thin accelerating electrode plate provided with a great number of small ap erturesserving'for the passage of electrons.
  • An other embodiment of such an accelerating electrode consists-era flat accelerating electrode grid forming. a'plurality of grid apertures through which the electrons accelerated by the-'gridare passing.
  • this thin wall portion 'of the discharge ,vessel can be substantially reinforced by sealingthe above-mentionedaccelerating electrode to it, i. e., combining this wall portion with this accelerating electrode in such a manner that they'form practically a single unit;
  • sealingthe above-mentionedaccelerating electrode to it i. e., combining this wall portion with this accelerating electrode in such a manner that they'form practically a single unit;
  • both'these parts haveto be made'ofmaterials having at least substantially the same temperature co-efiicient, i. e;, thematerials ofwhich the electrode "and wall portion consisthaveto expand in the same way and degree-whensubject ed to equaltemperature variations.
  • the-thin walltportion forming part'of the i 0 electron transmittingtwindow consists preferably of an electricallyv non-conductive material
  • the electrode has to be electrically conductive and therefore I use an electrically well-conductive materialior making it, such as a metal or an alloy.
  • ,1 make the thin wall portionof lead glass and use an alloy comprising nickel, iron, chromium, andtraces of cobalt for the ac,- celerating'electrodeflsealed to the same. I have found that this alloy has at least substantially the, same temperature co-efiicient as lead glass.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a part of an electron discharge tube having an electron transmitting window comprisinga thin wall por tion and an accelerating electrode sealed thereto in accordance with my present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an end view of the accelerating electrode shown in Fig. 1, seen in direction of arrow 2 on Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an end view of a grid-shaped enibodb ment of my new accelerating electrode
  • Fig. 4 is a side View of an entire electron emitting vacuum tube, partly in section, provided with a modified electronv transmitting window according to my present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of still another modification of my new electron transmitting window particularly adapted for irradiating substances passing through an irradiating tube arranged within the discharge vessel.
  • the evacuated electron tube 10 used for the purposes of my present invention contains electron emitting means II and a first accelerating electrode I2. Both these electron emitting means I I and accelerating electrode l2 are of usual type, well-known to everybody skilled in this art, and therefore need not be described in detail.
  • the metallic coating l3 on the inner wall of the evacuated electron tube In serves as second accelerating electrode and is connected with an electric circuit in well-known way by means of an electric contact I4 and an electric conductor, not shown in the drawings.
  • I provide in wall lb of the electron tube I an extremely thin wall portion [6 made of an electron transmitting electrically non-conductive material, e. g., glass.
  • This wall portion II has preferably a thickness of less than one thousandth of an inch and is sealed into a corresponding opening in the wall ii for instance in the way shown in Fig. 1.
  • a Window of such extreme thinness is preferably produced by separately making a glass foil thin enough for the.
  • Such a thin glass foil can be made by blowing a glass bulb having a wall of the required thinness and then sealing a portion of this bulb wall into the open end of wall l of the electron tube ID.
  • This sealing process is preferably executed by heating circular edge I! of the opening in wall 15 and then contacting the glass tube blown in the above described way with this heated edge portion of wall 15. This contact causes the extremely thin wall of the glass tube to melt along the contacting edge and to adhere permanently to the same, thereby covering the opening at the end of the tubular wall IS with the needed eX- tremely thin wall portion I5.
  • this accelerating electrode 3 is sealed to the extremely thin glass wall portion It supporting andreinforcing the same as well as to the adjacent wall portion 2
  • This accelerating electrode I8 is connected with the corresponding contact member 23 by the conductor 22 in the usual manner.
  • This contact 23 is then connected with an electric circuit supplying the accelerating current for the accelerating electrode I8.
  • I might produce an electron transmitting window of the above described type also by first inserting into the opening at the end of the tubular wall 15 the accelcrating electrode I 8, heating the same and there aftercontacting a thin glass foil of the type described above with the outer surface of the thus arranged heated electrode 13, thus causing this glass foil to melt and to adhereto the electrode l8 and the edge I! of the tubular wall l5.
  • part of the molten glass will enter the apertures i9, thus forming a single composite unit consisting of the electrode 18 and the glass foil it partly penetrating into and filling the apertures IS in the electrode and firmly adhering to the same.
  • a gridshaped electrode 24 of the type shown in Fig. 3 instead of the plate-shaped electrode 18 for the purposes of my present invention.
  • Such a gridshaped electrode is then arranged in the same way as the plate-shaped electrode shown in Fig. 1 and thus need not be described in detail.
  • a grid-shaped accelerating electrode will also concentrate the electrons 20 so as to force them through the grid apertures 25 against and through the thin glass wall l6 behind the grid.
  • a grid is used as accelerating electrode, it might be made of extremely thin wire and practically embedded into the thin glass wall 16, thus forming a combined wire reinforced glass wall portion serving as accelerating electrode.
  • FIG. 4 another embodiment of an electron tube with an electron transmitting window of the new type proposed by me is shown.
  • the electroneinitting means are provided in the usual way.
  • the electron transmitting window 2'! is not arranged in the wall l5 of the tube but I provide an additional glass tube 28 sealed into a corresponding opening 29 of the tubular wall 15 as shown at the top of Fig. 4.
  • the bottom part of this tube 28 consists of an extremely thin wall portion 36.
  • the cupshaped accelerating electrode 3! is placed over the bottom portion of the tube 28 entirely enclosing the same and sealed to the wall of this tube 28 as well as to the thin wall portion 30 at the bottom of the same in the way described above.
  • is also provided with small apertures 32 of the type described above and thus operates in the same way as the electrode shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • This embodiment of my present invention enables placing of substance, e. g., fluid, into tube 28 and irradiation of the same by electrons while the irradiated substance is arranged in direct contact with the elect'ron transmitting wall portion 30
  • the embodiment shown I in 5' is par-ticw larly adapted for irradiatlng 'fluid's during passage of thefsamethrough an irradiating tube M a-r rangedf. within- 'electron- 'tube For: this: pur
  • tube 32 -isconnected with an inlet' tube 33 'and anoutlet tube 3Land-all three tubes 'jare isealed into the wall- I5: of the electron tube W in the way shown in Fig; 55..
  • a; semitron-transmittingelectricallynon-conductivematerial, and a flat accelerating electrode grid-forming: a ..p1uralitys of grid apertures for the passage of:electronsbeingiarranged: adj acent to that surfacezoflsaidzthin' wall 'portion' w'hich is inside said I electron' discharge vessel covering said?v surface and :thus' supporting sai'd'rthin 'wallipo'rtion of said cylindrical acceleratingelectrode 35 of thetype described ⁇ Of-course, this: accelerating electrode 1 35 is seaied-to1the'thin: glas's wall portion 35:3116' to the adjaxient wall portions of irradiating tube 32? in the way explained and descrihed" above.”
  • this accelerating electrode aesconnect-ed to-contact 38 which in turn is" connected to: an electric circuit supplying the needed acceleratingcurrent by a conductor: not:
  • saidxflat accelerating electrode beingsealdto-said thin wall portion forming one single; unit with: the same and thus supporting said. thinwallportion of saidselectron dischargesvessel.
  • 5'.--Inan-ele'ctron discharge vessel for emitting.- electrons into the space outside said. vessel an electron-transmitting. windowin the wall of said discharge vessel, said;electrontransmitting window- -comprisinga thin wall portion :of an electron transmitting electrically non-conductive.
  • said electron transmitting win;- dow comprising a thin wall portion of an electron transmitting electrically non-conductive material, and a fiat accelerating electrode'provided with a "plurality of apertures: for: the pas:
  • said electron transmittingwim doW cOm prising a thin wall portion of an ele.ctron transmitting "electrically: non-conductive material, and a thin passage'of'electrons being arranged adjacent to that surfaceof said thin wall portion which. is
  • saidzelectron transmitting window comprising. athin glassxwall portionyand:
  • an electron discharge vessel -for' emitting: electrons intothe space 0utside '-said vessel an electron transmittingrwindow in the wallet i said I discha-rgevvessel, said electron: trans!hittingv winit dow comprising a thinwall portion of an elecfor: emitting electrons intnthe: space outside said: vessel an; electrontransmittingv wind-ow inlthe wall of said a thin accelerating electrode plate provided with a pluarlity of small apertures for the passage of electrons arranged within said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin glass wall portion sealed to and forming one single unit with the same,
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin glass wall portion and a flat accelerating electrode grid forming a plurality of grid apertures for the passage of electrons being arranged in said discharge vessel covering said thin glass wall portion and being sealed to the same and thus supporting said thin Wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprisin a thin wall portion of an electron transmitting electrically non-conductive material, and a flat accelerating electrode consisting of an electrically conductive material ex panding when exposed to temperature variations in the same way as the material of which said thin wall portion consists, said fiat accelerating electrode being provided with a plurality of apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the'same and thus supporting said. thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin wall portion of an electron transmitting electrically non-conductive material, and a thin accelerating electrode-plate consisting of an electrically conductive material having the same temperature coefficient as said electrically non-conductive material of which said thin wall portion consists, said'thin accelerating electrode platebeing provided with a plurality of apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said ing the same temperature coefficient as said electrically non-conductive material of which said thin wall portion consists, said flat acceleratingelectrode grid forming a plurality of grid apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus supporting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin glass wall portion, and a fiat accelerating electrode consisting of a metal havingthe same temperature coeflicient as said glass of which said thin glass wall portion consists, said flat accelerating electrode being provided with a plurality of apertures for the pas-. sage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and form-- ing one single unit with the same and thus supporting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron discharge vessel for emitting z electrons into the space outside said vessel an side said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus supporting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the Wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin glass wall portion, and a flat accelerating electrode grid consisting of a metal having the same temperature coeflicient as said glass of which said thin glass wall portion consists, said flat accelerating electrode grid forming a plurality of grid apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion,-sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus sup porting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin lead glass wall portion, and a flat accelerating electrode consisting of an alloy having the same temperature coefiicient as said lead glass of l which said thin lead glass wall portion consists, said flat accelerating electrode being provided with a plurality of apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus supporting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel comprising a thin lead glass wall portion, and a thin accelerating electrode plate consisting of an alloy having the same temperature coefiicient as said lead glass of which said thin lead glass wall portion consists, said thin accelerating electrode plate being provided with a plurality of apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same discharge vessel, said electron transmitting window comprising a thin lead glass wall portion, and a flat accelerating electrode grid consisting of an alloy having thesame temperature coefficient as said lead glass of which said thin lead glass wall portion consists, said flat accelerating electrode grid forming a plurality of grid apertures for the passage of electrons and being an discharge vessel, said electron transmitting window comprising a thin lead glass wall portion, and
  • a thin accelerating electrode plate consisting of,
  • said thin accelerating electrode plate being provided with a plurality of apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus supporting said'thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.
  • an electron discharge vessel for emitting electrons into the space outside said vessel an electron transmitting window in the wall of said discharge vessel, said electron transmitting wiridow comprising a thin lead glass wall portion, and a flat accelerating electrode grid consisting of an alloy comprising mainly nickel, iron, chromium, and traces of cobalt, said'flat accelerating electrode grid forming a plurality of grid apertures for the passage of electrons and being arranged inside said discharge vessel adjacent to said thin wall portion, sealed to said thin wall portion and forming one single unit with the same and thus supporting said thin wall portion of said electron discharge vessel.

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US518379A 1944-01-15 1944-01-15 Electron discharge vessel Expired - Lifetime US2373661A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US518379A US2373661A (en) 1944-01-15 1944-01-15 Electron discharge vessel
GB2876/45A GB592015A (en) 1944-01-15 1945-02-05 Electron discharge vessels
FR911147D FR911147A (fr) 1944-01-15 1945-05-28 Récipient de décharge électronique
BE459389D BE459389A (en(2012)) 1944-01-15 1945-07-23

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US518379A US2373661A (en) 1944-01-15 1944-01-15 Electron discharge vessel

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US2373661A true US2373661A (en) 1945-04-17

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BE (1) BE459389A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR911147A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB592015A (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2617953A (en) * 1949-06-28 1952-11-11 Electronized Chem Corp Window structure for cathode-ray tubes
US2746129A (en) * 1949-11-16 1956-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing a taut thin member
US3106660A (en) * 1959-12-14 1963-10-08 Bausch & Lomb Face plate support structure for high resolution cathode ray tube
US3243642A (en) * 1962-10-30 1966-03-29 Radames K H Gebel Image intensifier
US3469139A (en) * 1968-02-27 1969-09-23 Ford Motor Co Apparatus for electron beam control
US3702973A (en) * 1970-09-17 1972-11-14 Avco Corp Laser or ozone generator in which a broad electron beam with a sustainer field produce a large area, uniform discharge
US3749967A (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-07-31 Avco Corp Electron beam discharge device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL106303C (en(2012)) * 1957-12-23

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2617953A (en) * 1949-06-28 1952-11-11 Electronized Chem Corp Window structure for cathode-ray tubes
US2746129A (en) * 1949-11-16 1956-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing a taut thin member
US3106660A (en) * 1959-12-14 1963-10-08 Bausch & Lomb Face plate support structure for high resolution cathode ray tube
US3243642A (en) * 1962-10-30 1966-03-29 Radames K H Gebel Image intensifier
US3469139A (en) * 1968-02-27 1969-09-23 Ford Motor Co Apparatus for electron beam control
US3702973A (en) * 1970-09-17 1972-11-14 Avco Corp Laser or ozone generator in which a broad electron beam with a sustainer field produce a large area, uniform discharge
US3749967A (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-07-31 Avco Corp Electron beam discharge device

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Publication number Publication date
GB592015A (en) 1947-09-04
BE459389A (en(2012)) 1945-08-31
FR911147A (fr) 1946-06-28

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