US2371421A - Wooden roof - Google Patents

Description

J. F. 13| AsKl` WOODEN ROOF Filed sept. 11, 1942 March 13, 1945.

2 Sheets-Sheet l vwooden roof truss with 'margins of the plates.

Patented Mar. 13, 1945 ,Y UNITED ySTATES PATENT OFF! WOODEN ROOF John F. Biaski, oiiic'agg, In. Application kseptember 11, 1942, serial No. 457,994 2 claims. i(wol. 10s-23) My invention relates to wooden roof .and

method of making the same and contemplatesv a plurality of wooden trusses, which, for 'lack of a better term, will be herein referred to as boX- like or of boxlike form. The trusses yare laterally spaced one from another, and the intervening spaces between them are closed by plywood panels to complete the roof structure.

vGenerally speaking, the invention contemplates the .construction of boxlike wooden` trusses having roof and ceiling plates of plywood,with pipes constituting the struts arranged-along the side margins of the plates, so that a completed trusspwill have as integral parts a roof portion 'and a ceiling portion.

An object of my invention is to provide a wooden roo-f truss with plates formed of plywood panels. y

Another object of my invention is to provide a and pipelike struts connected along the side A further object of my invention is to provide a wooden roof truss with upper and lower chords of vplywood panels which perform the double function of chords for the Vtruss and form permanent roof and ceiling members. 7

A still further object of my invention is to provide a wooden roof truss having upper and lower chords of plywood panels which are connected together in lapping end-to-end relation,

plates of plywood panels* with the overlapping ends of the several panels being those ends which are farther from the mid-length of the truss.

My invention has for an additional object the 'I attachment of provision of yangle brackets for pipelike struts to plywood plates.

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Another object of my invention includes the provision of` clip means having prongs entered in the lapping surfaces of the panels as a `means for preventing relative movement of the lapped ends of the panels. n

An additional object of my invention is to pro vide a wooden roof Vcomprising a pluralityof trusses laterally spaced fromone another with the intervening spaces bridged by plywood panels.

An additional object of my invention is to provide a roof comprising a plurality of laterally spaced trusses with intervening spaceslbridged by plywood panels arranged with the panels of the roof vboards overlapping the roof panels of the trusses.

An additional object of my invention is to provide a wooden roof structure comprising boxlike trusses having plates formed of plywood panels constituting roof boards and' the ceiling memlber ofthe trusses with the intervening spaces between the trusses bridged b'y plywood panels', with the bridging panels of the .ceiling overlying the ceiling'panels of the trusses. v

Another and further object of my invention is to provide a light-weight wooden roof truss construction in which plywood panels are used as the chords of the truss and which, in addition, form the roof and ceiling b oards of the truss, thus reducing the amount of necessary material below that needed in a roof construction wherein laminated rafters are used as chords and separate roof and ceiling boards are used' tol complete the roof and ceiling respectively.

A further object of my invention is to provide ka wooden roof truss construction inl which the usual laminated rafters are replaced by plywood panels which serve the double purpose of chords and covering material.

*The above, other and further ofbjects of my invention will be apparent 'from the'following description and accompanying drawings.) f vThe accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of my invention and indicate the manner of practicing my thereof are as follows:

Figure 1 is a side elevational View of a truss embodying the principles of my invention and constructed in accordance with my method.

Figure 2 i's av plan view of a row of plywood Vpanels secured together in end-to-end relation and constituting one of the plates or chords of the truss. f

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmental section taken through two vadjacent trusses, yshowing the manner of construction of the trusses and :also the manner of securing the bridging panels to adjacent trusses to complete the roof.

Figure 4 is a fragmental ping ends of twor of the panels of a truss and showing parts of adjacent 'bridging panels.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional View taken in the plane lof rline 5-5 of Figure 4. l

- Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional viewtaken in theplane of line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a fragmental plan view of a portion of a roof showing the boxlike trusses and bridging members in place.

Figure 8 is a fragmental portion of a side elevational view of a clip employed to maintain the lappingportions of the panels in place..

Figure9 is a cross sectional view takenv in the plane of line 9-9 of Figure 8.

' Figure l0 is a vertical sectional view taken method, and the views plan view of the lap- 2 through one end of a truss, showing the manner of securing the ends of the plates in xed position.

The drawings will now be explained.

A designates a truss shown in side elevation y in Figure l, in partial section in Fig. 3 and in plan view in Fig. 2.

The plate B, forming the roof boards of the truss, and the plate C, forming the ceiling of the truss, are formed by a plurality `of plywood panels connected :together in endwise relation, as shown in Figure 2, and in lengths sufiicient to reach from end to end of the completed truss.

In making the truss of my invention, a plurality of plywood panels I5 are connected togetheri-n endwise lapping relation by bolts i6. The vcentral or mid panel a of the roof plate B is arranged with both of its ends overlapping the adjacent ends of the adjacent panels I5, .as .may

be seen in Figure l. The successive panels in the -plate are :arranged with the ends-.of the panels .farther `from the Ymid length .of the truss, A.overlapping .the ends `of the adjacent panels. 4This :construction forms a water-:tight roof l.and causes the water or snow to .drain off .the .roof without entering any of .the Ajoints between the several -panels.

The panels .constituting Vthe ceiling :plate `C are .connected :together in like manner.

.Prior to the time the lapping .ends of the `*panels are lbolted together, fclips D v(Figure "8) are in- .serted :between .the lapping aces voi the panels. Thesefolips are made .of metal with teeth .Il .and i8 .struck vout .of the :body :of :the metal, `which extend in opposite directions .from the -body .i8

fof thestrip 'These :prongs .arepointed rso as to .readily .enter the lwooduoi the lapping :sur-.faces 4vas the *bolts are tightened. Figure 6 shows one :of Athese clips vin position. 'The purpose .of the clips is to serve as a means for preventing relative movement :between the Vlapping por-tions of Kthe panels, which means is in addition to the connection formed by the bolts.

After the `two long `strips of panels have kbeen connected together as described, angle .brackets E yare attached ,along the plates adjacent their margins. Every bracket :is secured in 4place by bolts passing through the plates .and the hori- .zontal `flanges 2l `of the brackets. Every one of the vertical flanges 22 is provided with a single .bolt hole 23.

The struts 24 are 'formed of pipe, with ktheir ends flattened as at 25, which ends are bored with single bolt holes.

The two long panels, as shown in Figure 2, Y

are then connected together by the pipelike 'struts 'in a manner illustrated in VFigure l. The upper ends of the struts are secured to the brackets E of the roof plate by bolts .26, while the lower ends of the struts are connected to the 'brackets E attached to the ceiling plate C by bolts 21. The angle brackets E are so disposed as to maintain the struts in properly inclined position to function withthe plates in creating a rigid truss.

u Referring to Figure 10, the end 'of a plate B is attached to the adjacent end of a plate C by one or more bolts 28. Inserted between 'the ends of the 'plates are ller blocks 29 having the outer surfaces suitably inclined to conform to the inclination of the adjacent ends of the plates. Between the inclined faces ofthe blocks 28, clips D are inserted so that the prongs thereof enter the wood of the adjacent lapping surfaces of the `plates 4and filler as the bolts 28 are tightened.

In this manner the ends of the trusses are secured together against relative movement.

The trusses are then set up in the usual manner, and the ends supported on posts, bed plates or the like, with the several trusses spaced apart, one from another.

The spaces between the adjacent trusses are then lled by rows of plywood panels F secured together in end-to-end relation and laid on top of .the yadjacent .margins of the `ceiling .plates C of .two .of theftrusses, as :shown in Figure 3. The panels F are secured to the plates C by bolts or nails.

A similar row of panels G is then applied to bridge the space between the roof plates B of two adjacent trusses. In order to make weathert'ight joints between the rows of panels G and the plates B, filler Istrips 30 are laid along the side margins of the panels of the plates B. The panels ci the row G are laid on top of these ller strips with `the end margins lof the Voverlapping panel ends of the bridging rows G aligned with the .margins of the overlapping ends of ithe pan- `els15 of the plates B, as may be seen in Figure 7. `'Ihisiconstruction provides a roof of Vpleasing appearance-and without breaking joints between the adjacent .row-s fof plywood panels, as :otherwise would be necessary.

To makethe joints between the plates B and -the bridging rows G weather-tight, the end ctv-one :filler 30 lon top of the underlapping panel l5 is brought :aga-inst 4the end :margin of the overlapping panel I5, as may be 'seen in Figure -6. The nnderlapping panel 3l of the row -G overlaps the overlapping end of the panel :I5 Aof the vpla-te B, a width `equal I.to that of the filler 30. 'The 'overlapping ypanel-32, of `the bridging row G (Figure 6), therefore, is spaced above the overlapping panel t5 of the plate B. `Interposed be- 'li tween the panels 32 and 15, are other -iillers 33.

The l'lers are held in -place by nails or other securing means passed through .the lapping side margins of the panels constituting the plates B and the bridging members G.

I have found that this construction .provides .joints which are weather-tight for all practical purposes.

Referring to Figure 7, it will be noted that the bridging panels G overlap the side margins of the plates B of the trusses, thus providing a roof which is not only weather-tight, but of pleasing appearance.

The provision of the ceiling members formed by the plates C and the bridging of the spaces between the plates C, forms a dead air space which possesses certain insulating characteristics so that a roof constructed in accordance with my invention will be insulated to an Vextent not possible in a .trussed roof of ordinary construction.

.By way of example, it .might be stated that a roof constructed in accordance with my invention for a span of approximately fty feet may be `made with plywood panels of three-quarters of an inch thickness for the roof plates B and of one-half inch thickness for the ceiling plates C, and the pipelike `struts may be -made of pipe of one inch outside diameter. A roof constructed of the material of the dimensions given is in all respects strong enough and rigid enough to function under any and all weather conditions.

It will be observed that myinvention con; templates the construction of a wooden roof truss using plywood panels for the plates of the truss and pipes for the struts. The roof plate B may be termed the compression member of the truss, while the plate'C may be termedk the tension member of the truss. Thus, when loads such as snow, are'imposed on the roof, these plywood plates will function in all respects in the same manner and accomplish the same purpose as that accomplished by chords vconstructed yof 4laminated wood. Y

Constructing roof trusses in the manner stated reduces the lamount of material necessary to com-plete a` roof having a ceiling throughout the extent of the roof, as what amounts to the ceiling in my invention functions as a chord of a truss. The invention aiords a complete roof which is 'covered and sealed and which is cornpleted with a fewer number of board feet of material than would be required if the trusses were made as laminated rafters and roof and ceiling boards used.

The plywood panels of my invention perform double functions-that is to say, they serve as compression and tension members of the truss and as surface coverings.

In carrying out the method of my invention, I connect together a plurality of panels to form a roof plate B, and another plurality of panels to form the ceiling plate C. Thesepanels' are then set on edge, the angle brackets applied, and then struts are connected to the angle brackets along the edges of the plates which are then uppermost. The plates are then overturned to present the other edges as uppermost to enable application of the brackets and struts along the opposite margins of the plates. When the struts have been so applied, the ends of the plates are -sc limited, as it Will connected together Vin the manner heretofore described and as illustrated in Figure loof the drawings.

I do not intend to limit my invention to the specific constuction shown and described except only in so far as certainof the claims may be appear to those skilled in the art that ,changes in the construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the principles of my invention.

I claim: l 1. A Wooden roof truss comprising upper and lower. chords, said chords consisting of plywood panels connected together to form roof and ceiling members respectively, angle brackets fastened tosaid chord panels in spaced relation along the side margins thereof, the brackets of the upperchord being staggered endwise of the chord with respect to the brackets ofthe lower lchord, and pipelike struts connected to said brackets to complete the truss.

2.. A wooden roof truss comprising a plurality of elongated plywood panels connected together in lapping end-to-end relation and constituting the upper chord member, another plurality of elongated plywood panels connected together in lapping end-to-end relation and constituting Athe lower chord member, struts connected to each panel of each of said chord members along their side margins and inclined longitudinally of vsaid chord members, the overlapping ends of the said several panels being those ends which are farther from the mid-length of the truss.

JOHN F.y BLAsKr.

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