US2370486A - Airbrush - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 27, 1945. I J A. PAASCHE 2,370,486

AIR BRUSH Filed Feb. 4, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb.27, 1945. J. A. PAASCHE I2,370,486r

AIR BRUSH Filed Feb. 4, `194:5 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

Jw .mfck@ am @6W/766% Patented Feb. 27, 1945 "UNITED STATES .PATENT OFFICE p AIRBRUSH Jens A. Paesane, chicago, 111. y

Application February 4, 1943, Serial No. 474,664

4 Claims.

I This invention relates generally to airbrushes and more particularly to air brushes adaptedjfor use in art work.

Air brushes of the type contemplated by the present invention must be capable of efficient The present invention relates more specifically to certain improvements in the design of air brushes, and it is one of the important objects of the present invention to provide an air brush structure wherein the pigment receptacle may be secured in various positions of adjustment to accommodate its use to various positions in which the handle of the' air brush is held when in use.

,It is also an object of the present invention to provide an air brush of the type set forth above which will operate very silently and to this end theinvention contemplates an improved actuator wheel construction capable of receiving a device, said view being taken substantially along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the needle guiding bushing and support therefor taken substantially along the line 4 4" of Fig. 5;

of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary detailed sectional view taken transversely of the handle structure substantially along the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is also a detailed transverse sectional view taken substantially along the line S-B of blast of air at its periphery without causing any Y appreciable noise to be developed.

It is another object of the present invention to provide in association with an air brush structure capable of manual manipulation, improved. guiding means for a reciprocable pigment con-v The invention contemplates an air brush struc- ,A ture in which the constituent parts are relatively few in number and whereby both adjustment, repair and replacement may be accomplished with a minimum amount of skill and effort on the porting structure associated therewith;

' Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevational View of the lower lor forward extremity of the air brush structure to illustrate the position occupied by the adjustable pigment receptacle when used in association with a surface slightly inclined from the horizontal; and y Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 disclosing an adjusted position of the pigment receptacle when the air brush is used in association with a surface slightly inclined from the vertical.

Referring now tothe drawings wherein like numerals have been employed to designate similar l parts throughout the various figures, it; will be part of the user and whereby the device vmay be v vvery economically manufactured.

` clearly illustrate the manner in which a supply of needles may be retained within the handle structure;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken substantially along the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged end sectional .viewl of the s 'seen that one embodiment of the invention as disclosed yherein contemplates a. handle structure designated generally by the numeral I2.

side of the wheel M carries a bearing member i6 (Fig. 6) which is adapted to revolve within a complementary hardened bearing member or sleeve I 8. The bearing member I8 is carried by a frame or housing structure `2Il which cooperates with a cover or complementary housing structure 22 in enclosing the actuating Wheel I4 and the bearing elements associated therewith'. Extending upwardly from and secured to the wheel i4 is an eccentric crank member 24 and projecting upwardly from the upper side of the crank 24 is a 1bearing member 26 which is capable `of rotation .u housing structure. In fact, this bearing arrangewithin acomplementary bearing member 28 centrally disposed Within the housing or cover member 22. The bearing members `I and 2S present trunnions whichr cooperate with their respective complementary bearing members I8 and 28 in rotatably supporti/ng the Wheel I4 within the Thev `'left extremity ofthe handle'structure I2 carries van air operatedl actuating wheel I4. The lower 2 ment yis substantially frictionless due to the limited area of contact coupled with the fact y that enclosed lubricant or grease retaining chambers 38 and 32 serve toV continuously retain a supply of lubricant for said bearings. Threaded caps 34 and 36 are provided to 'enable replenishment f lubricant when required. Experience has shown that oncethe chambers 3|! and 32 have been packed with grease, this servicing will sufce for practically the entire life' of the brush.

A needle actuating member or varm 38` is pro. vided with a longitudinal recess 4D through which the crank pin 24 extends. armv 38 is pivotally yconnected at .42 to Yone extremity of a recprocable piston member 4,4.v Thisr piston member44 is continuously urged to the right under the influence of a coil spring 46. The opposite extremity ofthe needle actuatingmem- One extremity of theA ber or arm 38 is pro-videdfwith an elongated section having a slot 48 for receivingthe bent over portion of -a needle 58 (see Figs. B'and 5). lFrom the forego-ing it will be apparent that rotation of the wheel I4 will efvectoscillation of the arm 38 and consequent longitudina1 reciprocation of the needle 58.

tangentially from the lower casing or frame' structure 2U. This arm 5,6 is provided with a recess 58 for accommodating Aand guiding the bent portion of the needle 58, as clearly shown in Fig.

3. The free extremity f` JG lle` arm 5.6 is recessed atv 6.0 to accommodate a receptacle supporting' member 62 and is bifurcated so as torenable a screw member 6 4' (Eigs. 3 and .8) when tightened to rigidly clamp the member (i2-.in place. The

arm 56 also serves as asupportfor aneedle, guidable adjustment of the receptacle 'I4 may be made about an axis substantially coincident with the axis of the needle 50 so thatwhen such adjustment takes place no lateral displacement of l the needle guiding bushing 52 will result,

l A nozzlel 'I8 which terminates adjacent the portion `of the needle 5I) which projects beyond the guide bushing 52 serves to direct an air blast across the needle after it has been supplied with pigment. A suitable needle valve 8l] serves to .control the amount of air passing through the nozzle 18. The nozzle "i8 is connected to the handle structure 'I2 by a suitable coupling 82 (Figs. l and 5),.y Air, is directed into the coupling 82 from la passage 34 within the handle structure I2 (Fig. 2). The air vblast from this passage is also Adirected against they yperiphery of the wheel I4 through a conduit 86 (Figs. 2, 5 and 7). The air1 blast through this conduit 86 is controlled by a suitable needle valve' 88. Control of air pressure directed against the actuating wheel i4 and the pointed extremity oi the needle 5D isv eiected by the manual manipulation of a finger operated button 66.

This` button et is so positionedthat the user of the air brush in grasping the, handle structure I2 may conveniently depressl and tilt 'the button. Depending from the button 98 is a lever 92 which is pivotally supported in the outer bent extremity of a control rod` 96. Theportion of the lever 92 extending -below the bent Aextremity of the rod 96 is adapted to engage the outer extremity of the piston member 44. .As the button 90 is inwardly depressed, the downward moveing element 6.6, yThis member 6'6 is axially adjust able upc-n a threaded stud 6.8 and is provided with an inclined needle engaging and guiding surface 18. Ifthe member 66Vis adjusted downwardly from-the position shown in Figy', the needle 5I)` is shifted laterally tofthey left. Thus,vthe member 6,6 serves as a. needle guiding means and` also as means for controlling the path in which the needle reciprocates. That is, to say,A the surface 7,8, cooperates with` the guiding bushing 52Min,A

maintaining the needle in its' proper path of rrei' ciprocation at all times. A coil spring 'I2 serves to frictionally maintain the member 66' in various positions of adjustment'. Slight adjustments of the surface 'I0 may be made by rotatably engaging` the knurled extremity ofthe member B6.

Attention is now directed to a pigment receptacleA i4. This receptacle serves to` retain a supply yof pigment and thechamber of the receptacle communicates with theI areain the vicinity. of

the bushing 52 throughv an aperture or conduit' in a radially projecting member 'I6 which is enlarged at its free extremity tc'pprovide` the bushing support or head 54. rIhe free extremity of the arm 62 is secured to the radially, projecting member 'I6 and thus serves as a support for the receptacle 14. It will be notedfthat the receptacle 74 may be tiltablyfadjusted aboutA the axis ofthe member 62 by looseningthe screwl orV stud' 64. The purpose of this adjustment will be more apparent as the descripticnprogresses. It is impcrtant,'however, at this point? tov note that tiltating rod 64 outwardly so as to vautomatically close the valve against a gasket or seat |02 when pressure` is released from the button 98. A suitable` screen or lter IGA serves to remove all foreign elements from the air before it enters the chamber e8. An adjustable abutment screw IUE is mountedv in the outer portion of the rod 94 and serves as a positive stop to limit the tilting of the button 96 to the left (Figs. 1 and 2). Thus,when the valve 96 is unseated by the downward movement of the control button Bihan air blastis directed against the periphery of the actuating wheel I4 through the conduit 86, and the nozzlerl` directs an air' blast yagainst-'the pointed extremity of the reciprocatingneedle. "I-his air blast against the reciprocating extremity of' the needle causes pigment to be removed in the form of a'stream from the need-le- The quantity of pigment discharged from the needle may be regulated by oscillating the lever 92. Thus, by tilting the lever to the right from the position shown in Pig. 2 the piston 44 and consequently the actua-tingyarm 38 is shifted to the left. yThis causes the needle 58 to experience `agreater degree of reciprocatio-n and consequently enables ala-rger quantity of pigmenty to be discharged from* the pointed extremity of the needle. Thus, by slight tilting movement of the lever 92 a veryv fine control of the quantity of pigment may beobtained. Also the volume of a-ir may be simultaneously controlled by downywarclly depressing the button 68, as previously described. Further adjustment ofair blast may be obtained by adjustment of the needleY valves 88 and 88. Y Y vAttention isr now directed to the specificarrangement of air receiving recesses or serrations Hi8 provided along the periphery of the wheel I4. It will be noted that these recesses are relatively shallow and completely traverse the relatively narrow width of the Wheel. It has been found that the use of these relatively fine serrations enables the wheel to be air operated with substantially no noise. Thus, the Wheel and its associated parts operate very silently and free..

from vibration.

In using the air brush just described the handle structure I2 is gripped similarly to the gripping of a writing pen. When the brush is to be used on a surface which is parallel to or slightly inclined from the horizontal as indicated in Fig. 9, the receptacle 'M is secured in the .position shown. When the surface to be treated is positioned more nearly to the vertical, the handle structure is positioned as shown in Fig. and a tiltable adjustment of the receptacle lil may be made so as to retain said receptacle in a substantially horizontal position. Thus, regardless of the position in which the handle structure is held, while the brush is in use the receptacle may be adjusted so as to positively .prevent spilling of pigment therefrom. This adjustment may be effected, as previously pointed out, by loosening the set screw 54 and then shifting the receptacle or cup to the desired position. This shifting is accomplished Without disturbing the alignment of the removable bushing 52 from its support.

It will be noted that the needle valve 80 is secured in any position of adjustment through the agency of a coil spring |09, Fig. 5. The pressure of this coil spring against the under side of the screw head is suicient to preventinadvertent rotation thereof. To further protect the screw against inadvertent rotation, a suitable cap I l I is placed over the head of the screw, as illustrated in Fig. 5. This cap is disassociated from the other figures wherein the needle valve 80 appears merely for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the structural characteristics of the valve.

It will also be noted that the recess in the bearing member I8 for receiving the'rotary pintle or bearing member I6 is relatively deep. This insures the wheel I4 against tilting out of alignment plated, and that the invention should not lbe limited thereby as is apparent from the scope of the appended claims.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

l. An air brushI including an air operated actuating wheel having a relatively nely serrated periphery, an oscillatory needle actuating member driven by said wheel, means for directing an air blast against the serrated periphery of said wheel for actuating same, a needle connected with and longitudinally reciprocated by said oscillatory actuating member, guide means for said needle in the vicinity of the pointed extremitythereof, a pigment receptacle communicating with an area traversed by the pointed extremity of the reciprocable needle, angularly and longitudinallyadjustable receptacle supporting means for securing said receptacle in various positions of adjustment to accommodate it to various positions in which the air brush is held when in use, means for directing an air blast tothe pointed extremity of the needle after it has been supplied with pigment from the aforesaid area, a handle structure, and manually operable air blast control means carried by said handle structure.

2. An air brush as set forth in claim 1 wherein the guide means for the needle is carried as a unit' A bushing member and a support therefor, said when the cover or housing structure 22 is removed.` By maintaining the axis of the Wheel in its upright position, the ease with which the cover may be reapplied and the bearing member 28 thereof registered with the complementary pintle or bearing y26 is greatly facilitated.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the invention contemplates an air brush of extremely practical yet simple construction. The device is extremely easy to operate and the driven parts operate free from noise or vibration. The ease with which the reciprocating needle may be continuously maintained in proper alignment and the simplicity of the removable guide 'bushing 52 materially contributes to the efficient functioning of the brush. As shown in Fig. 1, the outer extremity of the handle structure is recessed to accommodate an extra supply of needles, it being only f necessary to remove a cap l I0 to permit access to -the needles. The novel bearing arrangement for the actuating wheel as well as the novel peripheral construction of thewheel itself also renders the brush eciently operable for an extended period of time without the necessity of adjustment, repair or replacement.

While a specific embodiment of the invention is disclosed in the drawings, it will be apparent that other modifications and changes are contembushing having an opening extending from adjacent the bottom of the channel to the exterior of said bushing for communication with a pigment receptacle, a pigment receptacle communicating with an area traversed by the pointedextremity of the reciprocable needle, means for directing an air blast to the pointed extremity ofthe needle after it has' been supplied with pigment from the aforesaid area, a handle structure, and manually operable air blast control means carried by saidl handle structure.

4. YAn a'ir brush including an air operated actuating Wheel, an oscillatory needle actuating member driven by said wheel, means for directing an air blast against `the periphery of said wheel for actuating same, a needle connected with and longitudinally reciprocated by said oscillatory actuating member, guide means for said needle in the vicinity ofthe pointed extremity thereof, a pigment `receptacle communicating with an area traversed by pointed extremity of the reciprocable needle, adjustable receptacle supporting means for securing said receptacle in the various positions of adjustment to accommodate it to various positions in which the air brush is held when in use, said receptacle supporting means being soconstructed and arranged as to permit Atilting of the receptacle supported thereby about supplied with pigment from the aforesaid area, a

handle structure, and manually operable air blast control means carried by said handle structure.

JENs A. PAASCHE.

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