US2368852A

US2368852A - Equalizer and shutoff valve

Info

Publication number: US2368852A
Application number: US506209A
Authority: US
Inventors: John A Lauck
Original assignee: PESCO PRODUCTS CO
Current assignee: PESCO PRODUCTS CO
Priority date: 1943-10-14
Filing date: 1943-10-14
Publication date: 1945-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1962-02-06

Description

J-. A. LAUCK EQUALIZER AND SHUTOFF VALVE Feb. 6, 1 945.

Filed Oct. 14.

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Patented Feb. 6, 1945 EQUALIZER AND SHUTOFF VALVE John A. Lauck, South Euclid, Ohio, assignor to Pesco Products Co., Cleveland, Ohio, a vcorporation of Ohio Application October 14, 1943, Serial No. 506,209

4 Claims. (Cl. 13'1-78)y This invention relates to pressure equalizing or fluid dividing arrangements and particularly to arrangements for controlling the inlet How in accordance with conditions existing in thev plural outlets therefrom. l

It is the general object of this invention to provide a novel control arrangement for regulating the flow to an equalizer in accordance with the relative pressures existing in the separate outlet streams leading from the equalizer to separate pressure responsive instrumentalities subject to varying resistances and hence imposing correspondingly varying back pressures on said equalizer.

It is la further object to provide in combina; tion with a ow divider, a control valve for regusure through inlet line l2 to a special equalizer inlet control valve arrangement indicated gene Y erally at I4 from which the pressure liquid is led lating the introduction of liquid theretov and means responsive to a selected differential of pressure existing in separate outlet streams from said divider effective to cause the operation of the regulating valve. K

I am aware that it has lbeen proposed heretofore to employ a valve arrangement responsive to loss of pressure in a line, such for example as when the line becomes ruptured, to shut off now therethrough. However, I am not aware of any previously known arrangement of the present character, performing in an equivalent manner to produce the important results'accomplished by my invention. v

Other objects, uses and advantages of lmy in..v

vention will become apparent from a reading of the following speciiication taken in connection with the accompanying drawing `forming a part thereof and wherein the single figure comprisesl V a schematic layout View of a system incorporating a preferred embodiment of my invention.

In order to realize the most eiiicient operation of a hydraulic pressure equalizer or flow divider as well as to insure against such emergenciesas the loss of the fluid from the system by Virtue of the rupture of one of the outlet lines from the equalizer, it has been found necessary to control delivery of hydraulic iiuid to the equalizer Vin accordance with the'press'ure conditions existing in the outlet line. I have discovered that the most effective way of accomplishing this is to provide a flow control valve in the inlet line tothe flow divider and to provide pressure responsive means responsive to the occurrence of a selected differential' of pressure between separate ones of i the outlet lines for producing the operationof the inlet flow control valve.

The hydraulic pressure supply arrangement in-y dicated generally at I0 delivers liquid under presthrough conduit I6 tothe common inlet of a flow equalizer or divider I8 which is eectiveto divide the single inlet stream into a'pluralityj of separate outlet streams adapted to be led through

separate conduits

20 and 22 vto corresponding fluid pressure responsive'instrumentalitieslll and 26 subject to varying 'and different resistances to the operation thereof. f v

My inletcontrol and operating'meanstherefor comprises essentially a Valve proper 30 effective when closed against seat 32 to shut offth'e flow between inletl line l2 yand the equalizerl together with'pressure responsive means indicated generally at 34 effective upon the occur'- rence of a predetermined diiferenceinA the'pres'- sures in

lines

20 and 22 to cause the closing aof valve 30` and also responsive to the establishment of alesser difference of pressure between these outlet lines effective toV maintain valve`30 in the open position thereof providing for free flowito the inlet ofdivider I8. l y 5 In-the preferred embodiment `shown in ythe drawing, valve 30 has a generally mushroom formincluding a tubular stem extending from the back side of valve proper 30, terminating .in va pistonlike guide portion 30a received in a complementary cylinder 30h. In addition the opp0 site face of valve proper 30 has extending therefrom 'a` generally coaxial protuberance 30e ter'- minating in a cam follower 30d and provided inseat is preferably provided by an annular ring 38 received Within a complementary enlarged bore 40 and sealed with reference thereto by means of a sealing ring 42 'this annular ring 38beingretained within the bore by means of a snap ring 44. An inlet passage 46 communicates witl'iprevssure supply inlet une l2. yIrwin benoted that valve seat 32 has theI same cross-sectionalzarea as the cylinder 30h vand-hence with valve30in engagement with the seat the inletfpressure does not exert any opening force upon "the valve. Valve 30 is guided and maintained'in axial alignment bythe cooperation of piston guide portions 30a thereof with cylindricalbore 30h and `by the tion to hold 'cam follower 30d in praisednnosition rection of the relatively low pressure with the result that cam follower 30d is forced by springs 30j along. the inclined cam rise 48h on one side for in turn holding valve 30 inopenposition pro- A viding for free flow therepast.. 'On either side .of elevated dwell portion 48a there is provided a recess defined by an inclined camming surface or rise 48b effective when thecam/'andfplungenassembly 48 is shifted from central position to allowA cam follower 30d to move in valve closing direc# tionz underitliaini'luence offspizin'gl lliv imnxoppo- :site sides. nef. the fcaimaareA opposed; 'pistoni-like ceivedy i,respectivefly.- in. f cylindrical chamberslwl'e fanxiflll.

Eiiferential pressure responsive episton "and .-'spiiingrnrotive means 51lrand-r52: preferably fsimil ar .inisconstructiom Linciude'r.-reciprocablez'pistons@5ta faIrdfEZw-.urge'difby' "ccili compression: springs-.Elib andjzlbinthefdirectionlrfzonef'another; These pistons are received withirr.=fenlangedi;bores 150C -andi52crswhich :bores arefralso mealignment'with smaller# plunger receiving coassiali bores fteifamd saure respectively when the zparti'cular'plunger fhasrtherendtithereof-:k prdiecte dt'into' .ztneiienlarged fpistomrhnrefcztoicc.'asrthefcasenray be. 'Illrc :derentiabzpressure: responsiveimotive fadaptersrilci.-andzfZ; :.The choice.I of; vsprings-5919 fi andi 5-2bzas'zwell `'asi-ther:extent:to `vwhich' the f samev fare compressedzdetermines the f-value: of. zthe=Y dif- .fenentialqpressure existingzbetween'1the=aseparate .divided ioutletlflinesathat ais-f efective to produce .thezoperation'fo:valve 3.0. I

A=I\1:1".foperation',,under ether conditions-3v existing :as `illustnatedim the ,rpositi'one ofi'theJpump-.shownv in ther drawing;Y .hydraulic .fluid pressure y is` f being :delivered f-through .-inlet'line 42, regulator `.valve :inlet:46,1past valvef30, and-throughfline |=6ntotl1e` or the other of elevated dwell 48a thus effecting closure of valve and the shutoff of pressure through inlet 46. When this pressure dierentialhas again been reduced below the value for which coil. compression springl h. and .EZbare-provided then the camx and plunger' assemblyiwill again be shifted to moveelevated cam dwell 48a to the- ;mid `position thereof causing cam follower 30d to rise up along inclined )cam rise 48h to thus .zaga'mreopen and hold valve. 3l) until the selected value of differential pressure in the outlet lines is again exceeded.

'Whil'e,. as ppointed out'above,'the motive means for operating shutoff valve 30 may be ade responsive .to la'selected differential of pre sure 0ccurring in the divided

outlet lines

20 and 22 the arrangement is particularly adaptable for insur- 'ngzagainstathealoss of fluidfromthe. entireisystem? by rupture aof oneiorfthe .,otherzof thef outlet lsatisfactoryoperation: islobtainedwhere the/same is arranged to rclose valve 30 incresponseatothe occurrence: .of .-a'pressure-differential; inaexcesst of 1300 lbs. per lsquarey inch..

`While the hereindisclosedashutoff `valve farrangement. is: applicable: in: connection -witlrI 'iiuid dividers generally -fadapted rto'fsupply zfluid ypressure :consuming instrumentalities: subject to .varying .resistances, 1I; have n f ound'f. that :thezfsaine y operates to particularwadvantagein connection with a gear type divider such as that shownnin Johnson patent. vNo; l21,2SlL'5278v :and indicated vschema-ti@ally'at y|58'. \.In thisetypecof dividerthe volumetric:` efli'cienicy 'of thefiitespective gearunits -variese .withwvariationsin the .back pressures .in .the 4separa-te. outlet lines. .Where the divider: is

employedftodeliver equal quantitiesv of pressurefluid to operate and synchronizefrremotely-located LArams and the:finstrumentalii'fies.v Voperated by these:rramsfencounter1:sufficiently' widely dii- .fering'sresistanceseto theopenation:.thereof then.

the back qpressuresainfthe .outlet lines-array differ sogreatly that the v ;rams-- arewnc longer una-inta'ined; in `synchronism. Under such` conditions the-.systemshouldnot be continuedzin operation :buenowftheretoashouldfbasant mr. Tmmvouid fwhereinethessinglei streameis l,divided-into -;a.plu`

.,ralityfof. separate. streams .andfled .throughacon .duits20-and-.22. toseparate;fluidpressure responsiue..devices.shown -:1s-.rams .,24.. and...26. So.. long .as .thelhack pressuresin..separateaoutlet lines` Zll Van'dZZl rdorlot "differ'jby an amount. in excess .of `tl`1e v`value `for which 4'coil' vcompression springs "5017; andi 2li areprovded thenthese opposedp-resslnescdelivered 'to :cylindricalf bores i500 and 552e ykmaintain thefnecessary' counterba'lancing'effect Jengagenrent'wvith-camy `'follower 30d -for "holding i 'nalveJ-Uri'n open positiona fwhemhoweven'there foccunsastlierence'fin the pressures existing in 1tl'tef sepmatearautletilines; llf-a-nd 212- j the relative 1 -dropfimtnepressnrefiactingfon ith'e. remote end'of plunger 4Ba:orr.4diasthe:casezmay be v.will cause ftheznamizamdiplungen assembly thefdi'- .ly :indicated: schematically .that the :same v:may

be particularly true where the Vrains....areeemployed toI operate: theslanding. iiapsf of .fanaircraft Tsincethe stability of :the g-.planer undensuch icon- .ditions will depend-;upon. the ilandingv 'flaps :being operated in substantially f complete synchronism.

,I-t-v willnthus appear-'that-zmy fspecialf arrangement .ofashutoi valveand:diierentialgpressurerespone sive-:means for operating:- .thef same` is :noi-,.f'limited .toI the 4single 'f e1nergenc5r` conditions r.resulting fromy :rupture .of :one:.of--y the: lines 2:01.01' Z'Zffbutfis :equally .applicable '.wheref it is :desirable: tozfshut :off 1t.hevmain-ir1letoiowin'rresponse to. .any .dselectedcdiiferentialofe pressure'.appearingbetween Itheitwo-:outletflines Zemandfilz, 4

'ltwillzbe apparentfthat;anyzdesired arrange- .ment.;may be `'provided .1f-or :supplying Mythe-f inlet i `withxhydraulicppressurevandali hai/ermenecomprise' Ea ffourewayf" valvelillfcapable .ot `sseslectiveiy delivering @said pressure:thrtuighy inlet l'line M21A or returningfthe fsameitherefrom,-z a.relief lnecessary additional conduitzlineszor returning While I have described my invention ink connection with certain specific embodiments there of, it is to be understood that this is by way of example and that I intend my invention to be y dened by the appended claims.

I claim:

l. In a ow divider arrangement including means defining a hydraulic pressure supply line, means defining a ilow divider having a common inlet communicating with said supply line and a plurality of separate divided outlets adapted to be led to corresponding pressure consuming devices subject to varying resistances to the operation thereof, the combination therewith of means defining a shut off valve positioned in said inlet line to said divider, means for controlling the position of said valve including means for holding the same in open position so long as the respective pressures in said outlet do not differ by an amount which exceeds a selected'value, said means being responsive to the occurrence of a pressure diiierential in excess of said selected value to effect closing of said valve to shut oi the oW to said divider.

2. In a ilow divider arrangement including means dening a hydraulic pressure supply line, means defining a flow divider having a common inlet communicating with said supply line and a plurality of separate outlets adapted to be led to corresponding pressure consuming devices to corresponding pressure consuming devices subject to varying resistances to the operation thereof, the combination therewith of means for biasing said valve toward closed position, means defining a shiftable cam having a normal position engaging said follower and holding said' valve in inset position, means responsive to the occurrence of a selected maximumrdifferential subject to Varying resistances to the operation l thereof, the combination therewith of means defining a shutoff valve positioned in said inlet line to said divider, means for operating said shuto valve to opened and to closed position comprising means responsive to outlet pressures in said respective outlet lines, said last named means being operable in `response to the occurrence of a predetermined pressure diierential between said separate outlet lines due to diierent resistances to flow therethrough to effect v closing of said inlet line valve and operable in response to a reduction of said differential pressure to eiecting opening thereof. l

3. In a ilow divider arrangement including means dening a hydraulic pressure supply line, means defining a flow divider having a common inlet communicating with said supply line and -a plurality of separate outlets adapted to be led between the pressures in said separate outlets from saiddivider for effecting shifting of said cam to a position away from said follower Whereby said valve closes and flow to said divider is shut oft'. l

4. In a flow divider arrangement including means defining a hydraulic pressure supply line, means defining a, flow divider having a common inlet communicating with said supply line and a plurality of separate divided outlets adapted to be led to corresponding pressure consuming devices subject to varying resistances to the operation thereof, the combination therewith of means dening a shutoff Valve positioned insaid inlet line, means for holding said valve in opened position, effecting the movement of said valve to closed position and for eiecting the opening .of said valve, said means comprising a pair of opposed plungers, a valve operating and holding cam interposed between said plungers for operation thereby, means placing the remote end of one of said plungers in communication with 'the pressure in one ofA said divided outlet lines and means placing the remote end of said other plunger in communication with the pressure in another outlet line, spring means urging said` plungers and cam toward a mid position Wherein said cam is effective to hold said valve in opened position, said plungersv being responsive I to the occurrence of a predetermined maximum differential of pressure between-said outlet lines to move said cam from the mid-position and eiect the closing of said valve to'shut off the supply `of inlet fluid pressure, said plungers being responsive to the reestablishment of pressures within said outlet lines differing by an amount less than said selected maximum value to effect the movement of said cam to cause the reopening of said valve.

JOHN A. LAUCK.