US2368123A

US2368123A - Thermohydrometer

Info

Publication number: US2368123A
Application number: US346426A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edelmann Robert
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-07-19
Filing date: 1940-07-19
Publication date: 1945-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 1962-01-30

Description

. Jan. 30, 1945.

R. EDELMANN 2,368,123

THERMOHYDROMETER Filed July 19, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fzy'.4.

ALC HOL GLYCOL NET" Patented Jan. 30, 1945 THERMOHYDROMETER Robert Edelmann, Chicago, Ill.

Application July 19', 1940, Serial No. 346,426

3 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in thermohydrometers, and particularly to a temperature correcting hydrometer and to a correction table and scale means therefor.

An object of this invention is to provide, with a thermohydrometer structure, correction table or scale means that will permit observation of a direct reading for temperature corrections.

Another object is to provide a device of this character that can be applied to thermohydrometers of various types and constructions, such as are now in use.

Still another purpose is to so construct the parts that provision is made for corrected indication and readings for several different solutions, either lighter than water or heavier than water, or solutions of both characters.

With the above and other objects in view, some of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art and others of which are inherent in the construction and assembly and use of the parts, my invention includes certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter set forth in connection with the drawings and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a therniohydrometer showing my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially at right angles to the plane of view of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View substantially on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a flattened out view of the correction table carrying cylinder.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a modified adaptation of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a view in elevation taken substantially at right angles to the disclosure in Fig. 5.

Fig. '7 is a transverse sectional view on line l--'l of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a broken fragmentary View in elevation disclosing a modification of the correction table carrying cylinder.

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view substantially on line 89 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, illustrating another modified construction.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the liquid receiving barrel l, of glass or other suitable transparent material, has a suction and dis-, charge nozzle portion 2 at one end, and is provided with a bulb 3, at the other end. A speupright relation, so that it will be visible adjacent to one side of the liquid receiving barrel l, and the parts and structure as thus set forth can be of ordinary or usual construction.

A substantially cylindrical or sleeve-like member 8 is made of a diameter or size to .rotatably fit around and upon the liquid receiving barrel I, and this sleeve is supported at its lower end on a shoulder 8 of the nozzle portion 2, or upon some other suitable stop or support that will substantially fix the position and length of longitudinal extent of the sleeve 8 with respect to the temperature indicating portion 1, and the sleeve is provided with one or more longitudinally extending slotted openings I0, through which the indicating portion 1 can be viewed when the sleeve 8 is revolved or adjusted to bring the slot l0 into substantial registry thereof. 'It is, of course, essential that the sleeve portion 8 be not so long as to obscure the gauge stem ll 0 the float element 4.

In the present instance, I have illustrated the hydrometer instrument structure and the correction scale notations, as best shown in Fig. 4, to permit testing and temperature correction for three different solutions, as, for'example, alcohol and methanol solutions of less specific gravity than water, and ethylene glycol solu-.

tions of reater specific gravity-than water.

For readings to show the specific gravity indication, I have provided letters marking graduations on the scale l2 of the gauge stem H of the float element 4 reading down from Athrough and including J, such indicating markings being on the upper end of the gauge stem l l and being intended for use in testing the lighter-thanwater solutions. For the heavier-than-water solutions, I have provided indicating markings on thelower portion of the gauge stem H of the float element 4 reading downwardly from J through S, and the indications of the correction table employed in the presently illustrated adaptation will correspond. Howeven'itis to .be understood that my present inventionis capable of use with a hydrometer instrument intended and adapted for testing a single solution, either on the light or the heavy side, and that the parts are adaptable for testing and indicating for a greater number of solutions than as here illustrated.

As disclosed in Fig. 4, the cylindrical sleeve 8 has three slotted openings therein, namely, l0,

l and I0", and these slotted openings are formed to extend substantially vertically and medially through the three areas l4, l and IS, in the present instance shown as bearing correction tables for solutions of alcohol and ethylene glycol and methanol, respectively.

The surface of the cylinder 8 on opposite sides of the several vertically extending slots is marked off in spaces or divisions indicating predetermined temperatures as the same will be read from the indicating portion 1 of the thermometer 5, or other temperature indicating means, and these divisions will be made so that they will indicate temperatures at which the test quantity of liquid will usually be found. Where the hydrometer is intended for use in testing anti-freeze solutions in the radiators of automobiles and the like, the working temperature range will ordinarily be between, say, 60 above 0 Fahrenheit and 160 above 0 Fahrenheit, and as the liquid column I of the thermometer, or other indicating portion 30 of the temperature influenced and indicating means 5 rises and falls, corresponding to the temperature of the test quantity of liquid taken into the liquid receiving barrel I, this indicating portion I will indicate one of the horizontally marked divisions on the member 8. The member 8 also has thereon substantially vertically extending lines dividing the transverse lines into a series of vertically disposed or columnar boxes or spaces. These columns are marked with characters, as at [8, to designate the different marked areas along the portion of the gauge stem ll of the float element 4 to which the particular correction scale relates, and as an aid to visibility, and to place the entire correction table in a single field of view or vision, it is, perhaps, preferable that the several columns be divided to show on opposite sides of the respective vertically extending slots.

With this construction and arrangement of the parts, and the placement of the correction scale information in the manner set forth, and as perhaps best shown in Fig. 4, the horizontal lines of boxes or spaces will be clearly designated by and adjacent to the temperature indicating portion of the thermometer or other temperature influenced means 5, and by referring to the designating characters at 18, also in the same field of vision, the user, when making a reading, can substantially instantaneously note the indicating character on the gauge stem ll of the float at the liquid level, and can then take an immediate and corrected reading by following vertically down the designated column of the correction table and following transversely from the indicating portion 1 to thus make a direct reading for temperature correction at the point of intersection. As stated, this instrument is well adapted for use in testing radiator anti-freeze solutions, and in the present instance I have shown the various readings on the correction tables as being indicated by figures representing the freezing temperature of the particular strength of solution, corresponding, of course, to the temperature of the test quantity of the liquid and the specific gravity thereof as shown on the gauge stem II of the float element 4.

As has been stated, the sleeve portion 8 is rotatable, so that it-is possible by partial revolution of this sleeve to bring or center the temperature indicating means 5 within any one of the upright slotted Opening IO, l0 or III", thereby disposing adjacent to the indicating means I the appropriate correction table or scale for the particular solution being tested. Since the thermometer or temperature influenced means 5 is fixed in its mounting, and the revoluble sleeve 8, when in use, rests upon the shoulder 9, the horizontal markings or designations of the correction tables will be at all times in the same relative positions, so that the temperature influenced indicating means I may be read directly to the right or left of any one of the slots, without necessity for adjustment of any part or calculation to compensate for possible variations or errors.

In the modified adaptation illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the hydrometer structure is of a different type, in that the liquid receiving barrel l9 has therein a specific gravity indicating float element 20, and the thermometer or temperature influenced means 2| is disposed in a separate housing 22.

The correction scale carrying cylinder or sleeve 8 is of substantially identical construction with the sleeve heretofore described, and as this sleeve is made of sheet metal, or of other suitable sheet material that has some inherent resiliency, by slightly compressing the cylindrical sleeve 8 from opposite sides when fitting the same in place,

it is possible to have this sleeve bind against the.

liquid receiving barrel l9 and the housing 22, substantially as shown in Fig. '7, so that when the sleeve is brought to adjusted position with the desired vertically extending slot It] or ID or H!" disposed to expose the temperature indicating portion 23 of the thermometer 2|, the sleeve will by its own inherent resiliency, and by frictional contact, retain this adjusted position until further manually manipulated or moved to bring a difierent scale into position for use.

As disclosed in Figs. 8 and 9, the sleeve 8' has a portion thereof, as at 24, made to resiliently bear against the surface of the barrel I so that this resilient portion frictionally holds the cylindrical sleeve 8' in desired adjusted positions. Obviously, the resilient portion 24 can be made in substantially any form as may be desired or suitable for the particular adaptation.

With the modified construction shown in Fig. 10, the liquid receiving barrel I has the thermometer or indicating means 5 extending thereinto at a fixed and predetermined position, and the barrel I is provided With a recess 25, formed in any desired manner, to receive 3, correspondingly shaped projection 26 provided on the correction table carrying sleeve 8". With this construction and arrangement, the sleeve 8" can be provided with projections 26 so located that the sleeve can be positioned to bring the correction table for the desired solution into reading proximity to the temperature influenced means 5, in which relation the projection 25 engages in the recess 25 and holds the sleeve 8" against casual rotational displacement.

The correction table sleeve-like or cylinder-like member can be made of any desired material and constructed in any suitable manner.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have provided a hydrometer structure including a correction table or scale carrying sleeve, adapted to display tables for more than one solution, if that is to be desired, and, which structure is such that by simply revolving or rotating the scale carrying cylindrical sleeve, it is possible to bring the correction table for any desired solution into proximity to the temperature influenced means,

thereby disposing the temperature influenced means and the correction scale and the float element in such relation that the user can at a glance ascertain the indications and make a direct tions, it will be appreciated that many changes and variations can be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts, and in the manner of associating and using the same.

I claim:

1. With a thermohydrometer including a liquid barrel having a float element therein capable of use for testing specific gravity of a plurality of difierent liquid solutions and said hydrometer being provided with an upright tube thermometer having a part thereof exposed to a test quantity of liquid and having an indicating portion upstanding at the liquid barrel, a cylindrical sleeve provided with a plurality of peripherally spaced upright slotted openings mounted rotatably around said barrel and indicating portion of the thermometer and adjustable to expose the indicating portion of the thermometer to view through a selected slot thereof, said sleeve having a correction table for one of the liquid solutions to be tested displayed thereon adjacent to each of the slotted openings and having the data thereonadjacent to each opening in peripheral rows spaced to coincide with the position of the upright temperature influenced means at different predetermined temperatures and having the data arranged in vertical columns pertinent to particular float element indications whereby a temperature and specific gravity corrected indication will be found at the intersection of a vertical column, as indicated by the float element reading, with a horizontal row directly pointed to by the temperature influenced means, and said sleeve having a portion thereof engaging said barrel and holding the sleeve in each of the desired adjusted positions.

2. With a thermohydrometer including a liquid barrel to receive a test quantity of liquid and having a float element therein provided with a scale marked for use for testing specific gravity of a plurality of liquid solutions having different specific gravity characteristics and said hydrometer being provided with a tube thermometer having a portion thereof exposed to a test-quantity of liquid as taken into said liquid barrel and provided with an upstanding temperature indicating portion having an indicating column, a cylindrical sleeve rotatably mounted around said liquid barrel and the upstanding indicating portion of the thermometer, said sleeve being provided with a plurality of peripherally spaced upright slotted openings through which the indicating portion and the indicating column thereof can be viewed and having shown thereon adjacent to each of said openings temperature and specific gravity corto the indicating tube of the thermometer and be- 'rected data relative to a particular solution to be tested, whereby as the sleeve is adjusted to permit viewing of the indicating column of the thermometer through a particular slotted opening thereof the sleeve will show On its adjacent surface corrected data relative to a particular solution whereby reference can be had directly to the chart in portions designated by the indicating column as viewed through the registering slotted openings, said sleeve having the data thereon adjacent to each slotted opening displayed in peripheral rows spaced one above the other to correspond with the position of the upright temperature indicating column at different predetermined temperatures and also having the data in vertical columns pertinent to particular designated float element indications whereby temperature and specific gravity corrected indications will be found at the intersection of a vertical column, as indicated by the float element reading, with a horizontal row pointed to by the indicating column of the thermometer, and means on said sleeve engaging with said barrel to retain said sleeve in adjusted positions.

3. A thermohydrometer comprising an upright liquid and float receiving barrel, a nozzle at one end of the liquid barrel through which liquid is sucked in and expelled, suction and expulsion means at the other end of the liquid barrel, a float element in said barrel having a gauge stem provided with a plurality of series of indicating markings for use in connection with test quantities of liquid having different specific gravity characteristics, a thermometer having a portion exposed to the temperature of a test quantity of liquid as taken into said barrel and provided with an upstanding indicating portion having an indicating column, a cylindrical sleeve rotatably surrounding the liquid barrel and the indicating portion of the thermometer, said sleeve being supported in predetermined elevation with respect ing yieldable to frictionally engage at one side with said barrel and hold against casual rotation while yet permitting manual adjustment, said sleeve being provided with a plurality of peripherally spaced uprightslotted openings through which the indicating column of the indicating portion of the thermometer can be viewed and having thereon adjacent to each of said openings specific gravity and temperature corrected data relative to a particular liquid solution to be tested, whereby as the sleeve is adjusted t bring an opening-thereof into position to expose the indicating column of the thermometer correction table data is exposed to 'be read in conjunction with the indicating column as exposed and viewed through the corresponding opening, said sleeve having the data thereon in each table adjacent to each opening displayed in peripheral rows spaced and calibrated to correspond with the position of the indicating column at different predetermined temperatures of the test quantity of liquid, and having the data in vertical columns indicated and pertinent to particular designations of the float gauge stem whereby the temperature and specific gravity corrected indication will be found by cross reading at the intersection of a vertical column indicated by a float readin on the float gauge stem and a horizontal row pointed to by the indicating column of the thermometer.

ROBERT EDELMANN.