US2365670A - Method of making heat exchange tubes - Google Patents

Method of making heat exchange tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2365670A
US2365670A US458096A US45809642A US2365670A US 2365670 A US2365670 A US 2365670A US 458096 A US458096 A US 458096A US 45809642 A US45809642 A US 45809642A US 2365670 A US2365670 A US 2365670A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
tube
exchange tubes
making heat
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US458096A
Inventor
Edward H Wallace
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Uniroyal Inc
Original Assignee
United States Rubber Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United States Rubber Co filed Critical United States Rubber Co
Priority to US458096A priority Critical patent/US2365670A/en
Priority to GB9257/43A priority patent/GB560656A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2365670A publication Critical patent/US2365670A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D1/00—Electroforming
    • C25D1/02—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of making heat exchange tubes or conduits which have heat exchange projections on the inside of the tube. Tubes of this character are diflicult to produce in commercial quantities and as far as I am aware tubes having irregular shapes and inside projections or heat exchange elements havenot been made.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved and economical method of making heat exchange conduits or tubes having numerous projections inside the tube which greatly increases the interior surface area so as to cause a high thermal transfer coefllcient to exist between the projections and their tubular container.
  • Another object is to provide a method whereby a heat exchange tube having the above mentioned internal projections can be I readily formed of irregular contour.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchange tube embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a core in an intermediate stage of the manufacture of the tube shown in Fig. 1, according to one method embodying the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the core shown in Fig. 2 with a completed heat exchange tube formed on it,
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partly broken away
  • the wires are preferably embedded in the wall of the tube, providin: joints of great mechanical strength.
  • the invention includes methods of conveniently and economically making such atube.
  • One such method is shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • a large number of staples, each including a pair -of pins or filaments I! connected by a connecting end portion ll, are driven into a suitable core ll.
  • the U-ends l4 project slightly from the electrolytically deposited metal forms an intimate contact with the connecting ends of the pins and adheres firmly to them. If the connecting ends of the pins are not in too close contact with the core, the electrolytically deposited metal forms about them' so that in the completed heat ex change tube the pins are embedded in the wall of the tube and integral withthe metal of the wall. This forms agood thermal and mechan- The filaments themselves, being embedded in the core receive no deposit of metal, and thus do not build up or increase in thickness. After the tube has been formed asdescribed the core is removed. In the case .of
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a tube made by another method involving the invention.
  • Card cloth is first formed about any suitable core such as a paper tube 20 of streamlined cross-section.
  • Card cloth i a commercially available article consisting of a fabric backing or support It through which are driven a large number of small staples 22 which provid a large number of closely spaced pins 23 projecting from one face of the fabric.
  • the back of the fabric is then "coated with graphite and immersed in the electrolyte so that the tube 24 is. electrolytically deposited on the fabric and staples. If necessary theprojecting pins are coated with any suitable stop varnish to prevent their receiving a deposit of metal.
  • the conducting support for the staples be immersed in the electrolyte, as opposed to merely dipping the ends of the staples into the electrolyte, in order that the electrolytically deposited tube may be built up on the conducting support and on the staples at the same time. This produces an intimate thermal and mechanical bond, and a tube which is strong mechanically and capable of withstanding high pressure.
  • are removed by any suitable method, such as by burning or dissolving out, leaving the tube with the pins embedded in its wall and projecting from its interior surface.

Description

Filed Sept. 12, 1942 INVENTOR. WV/7K0 66 W41 Z1462 ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 26, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Edward E. Wallace, Detroit, Mich, asslgnor to United States Rubber Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application September '12. 1942, st ains; 458,096
which may be made of wax, metal which melts This invention relates to methods of making heat exchange tubes or conduits which have heat exchange projections on the inside of the tube. Tubes of this character are diflicult to produce in commercial quantities and as far as I am aware tubes having irregular shapes and inside projections or heat exchange elements havenot been made.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved and economical method of making heat exchange conduits or tubes having numerous projections inside the tube which greatly increases the interior surface area so as to cause a high thermal transfer coefllcient to exist between the projections and their tubular container.
Another objectis to provide a method whereby a heat exchange tube having the above mentioned internal projections can be I readily formed of irregular contour.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and. the accompanying drawing, in
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchange tube embodying the invention,
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a core in an intermediate stage of the manufacture of the tube shown in Fig. 1, according to one method embodying the invention,
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the core shown in Fig. 2 with a completed heat exchange tube formed on it,
Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partly broken away,
showing atube and core made by another methtact of high eiiectiveness. The wires are preferably embedded in the wall of the tube, providin: joints of great mechanical strength.
The invention includes methods of conveniently and economically making such atube. One such method is shown in Figs. 1 and 3. A large number of staples, each including a pair -of pins or filaments I! connected by a connecting end portion ll, are driven into a suitable core ll.
'ical connection.
at a relatively low temperature such as lead, or any other suitable substance which can readily be removed from the completed tube. Prefer- .ably the U-ends l4 project slightly from the electrolytically deposited metal forms an intimate contact with the connecting ends of the pins and adheres firmly to them. If the connecting ends of the pins are not in too close contact with the core, the electrolytically deposited metal forms about them' so that in the completed heat ex change tube the pins are embedded in the wall of the tube and integral withthe metal of the wall. This forms agood thermal and mechan- The filaments themselves, being embedded in the core receive no deposit of metal, and thus do not build up or increase in thickness. After the tube has been formed asdescribed the core is removed. In the case .of
metal or wax cores, this is done simply by melting out the core.
I Fig. 4 illustrates a tube made by another method involving the invention. Card cloth is first formed about any suitable core such as a paper tube 20 of streamlined cross-section. Card cloth i a commercially available article consisting of a fabric backing or support It through which are driven a large number of small staples 22 which provid a large number of closely spaced pins 23 projecting from one face of the fabric. The back of the fabric is then "coated with graphite and immersed in the electrolyte so that the tube 24 is. electrolytically deposited on the fabric and staples. If necessary theprojecting pins are coated with any suitable stop varnish to prevent their receiving a deposit of metal. It is important that the conducting support for the staples be immersed in the electrolyte, as opposed to merely dipping the ends of the staples into the electrolyte, in order that the electrolytically deposited tube may be built up on the conducting support and on the staples at the same time. This produces an intimate thermal and mechanical bond, and a tube which is strong mechanically and capable of withstanding high pressure.
After the tube 24 has been deposited to the desired thickness, the form 20 and backing 2| are removed by any suitable method, such as by burning or dissolving out, leaving the tube with the pins embedded in its wall and projecting from its interior surface.
Having thus described my invention, what I- claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: The method of making a heat exchange tube
US458096A 1942-09-12 1942-09-12 Method of making heat exchange tubes Expired - Lifetime US2365670A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US458096A US2365670A (en) 1942-09-12 1942-09-12 Method of making heat exchange tubes
GB9257/43A GB560656A (en) 1942-09-12 1943-06-09 Improvements in heat exchange tubes and in methods of making the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US458096A US2365670A (en) 1942-09-12 1942-09-12 Method of making heat exchange tubes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2365670A true US2365670A (en) 1944-12-26

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GB (1) GB560656A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261759A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-07-19 Commissariat Energie Atomique Fuel element for nuclear reactor
US3327779A (en) * 1965-12-16 1967-06-27 Jacoby John Hull Heat dissipating device and method
US3399444A (en) * 1963-05-08 1968-09-03 John H. Jacoby Method for making a heat dissipator
US3512250A (en) * 1966-05-13 1970-05-19 Horst H Lemet Chromium Van Der Method for mutually connecting workpieces and workpieces mutually connected by said method
US4263966A (en) * 1978-08-03 1981-04-28 Oestbo John D B Heat-exchanger
US4383163A (en) * 1977-10-27 1983-05-10 Gotaverken Anteknik Ab Method of manufacturing a heat exchange tube with internal surface enlarging elements
US4624302A (en) * 1984-07-02 1986-11-25 At&T Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for preheating printed circuit boards
US4871623A (en) * 1988-02-19 1989-10-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Sheet-member containing a plurality of elongated enclosed electrodeposited channels and method
US5070606A (en) * 1988-07-25 1991-12-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for producing a sheet member containing at least one enclosed channel
US5249358A (en) * 1992-04-28 1993-10-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Jet impingment plate and method of making
US5317805A (en) * 1992-04-28 1994-06-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making microchanneled heat exchangers utilizing sacrificial cores
US6675746B2 (en) 1999-12-01 2004-01-13 Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc. Heat exchanger with internal pin elements
US20110252981A1 (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-20 Isenberg Timothy J Food Processing Vat With Heat Exchangers

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261759A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-07-19 Commissariat Energie Atomique Fuel element for nuclear reactor
US3399444A (en) * 1963-05-08 1968-09-03 John H. Jacoby Method for making a heat dissipator
US3327779A (en) * 1965-12-16 1967-06-27 Jacoby John Hull Heat dissipating device and method
US3512250A (en) * 1966-05-13 1970-05-19 Horst H Lemet Chromium Van Der Method for mutually connecting workpieces and workpieces mutually connected by said method
US4383163A (en) * 1977-10-27 1983-05-10 Gotaverken Anteknik Ab Method of manufacturing a heat exchange tube with internal surface enlarging elements
US4263966A (en) * 1978-08-03 1981-04-28 Oestbo John D B Heat-exchanger
US4624302A (en) * 1984-07-02 1986-11-25 At&T Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for preheating printed circuit boards
US4871623A (en) * 1988-02-19 1989-10-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Sheet-member containing a plurality of elongated enclosed electrodeposited channels and method
USRE34651E (en) * 1988-02-19 1994-06-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Sheet-member containing a plurality of elongated enclosed electrodeposited channels and method
US5070606A (en) * 1988-07-25 1991-12-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for producing a sheet member containing at least one enclosed channel
US5249358A (en) * 1992-04-28 1993-10-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Jet impingment plate and method of making
US5317805A (en) * 1992-04-28 1994-06-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making microchanneled heat exchangers utilizing sacrificial cores
US6675746B2 (en) 1999-12-01 2004-01-13 Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc. Heat exchanger with internal pin elements
US20110252981A1 (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-20 Isenberg Timothy J Food Processing Vat With Heat Exchangers
US8820224B2 (en) * 2010-04-19 2014-09-02 Cheese & Whey Systems, Inc. Food processing vat with heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB560656A (en) 1944-04-13

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