US2362420A - Vane pump - Google Patents

Description

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VANE PUMP Original Filed Feb. 6; 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l x lNVENTORS By WARREN p. TUCKER GEORGE A. WALDIE- MT TORNEYS Nov. 7, 1944.

w. TUCKER ET AL VANE PUMP Original Filed Feb. 6, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VENTOR5 m N R. TU R. 550m: AWA E,

ATTORNEYS considerable.

UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE.

VANE PUMP Warren R. Tucker and George A.- Waldie, Dayton, Ohio, assignors to The Hydraulic Development Corp. Inc., Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware Original application February 6, 1941, Serial No. 371,709. Divided and this application December- 17, 1941, Serial No. 423,339

Claims. (01. 103-136) power consumption and has been the most'ef flcient type for use in producing high fluid pres- .sures for actuating mechanical presses requir-' ing high fluid pressures.

In this invention, however, mechanical alterations have been made to a vane type of.fluidpump which makes it adaptable for producing high fluid pressures, and particularly, high liquid pressures which are of suillcient value that the pump can be used as the pressure supply mechanism for actuating hydraulic mechanisms. In

former vane type pumps considerable difllculty has been encountered in producing high pressures, since the liquid slip past the vane has been There have been attempts to secure the vanes in constantgengagement with the cylindrical wall of the cylinder andto increase the volumetricemciency of vane type pumps when used for liquid delivery. These applicants have produced a mechanism which prooutwardly into engagement with. the cylinder wall.

It is another object of the invention to retain the vanes of a vane type pump in" engagement with the cylinder wall by means of fluid or liquid under pressure. I

It is another object of'the invention to provide a vane type liquid delivery pump having means ior retaining the vanes in constant engage- ;0 ment with the walls of the cylinder, and which cylinder is adapted to be moved with respect to the pumprotor in order to change the direction of delivery of the pump. I

It is another object of the invention to provide a variable delivery reversible flow liquid pump of the vane type having a mechanism for maintaining the vanes in engagement with the cylinder wall, and which is constructed and arranged for movement of the'cylinder' with respect to the rotor without eflecting the mechanism for maintaining the vanes in constant engagement .with the cylindrical wall of the cylinder.

It'is another object of the invention to provide a variable delivery reversible flow fluid pump with means for conducting fluid under pressure under the vanes to force the same outwardly into engagement with the cylinder walls,.

wherein means are provided for changing the flow-of pre'ssurefluid in,the'conducting means 0 when the flow of fluid through the pump is reversed. g

It is another object ofthe invention to provide' a vane type pump for liquid delivery which has astraight-through liquid flow through the motes the maximum emciency of a vane type pump.

liquid delivery pump and which-retains the vanes '01 the pump in constant engagement with the cylindrical wall of the cylinder to prevent liquid slip past the ends of the vanes which are in engagement with the cylinder wall.

It is an object of this invention to'provide an improved pump structure for use as a liquid pump, It is another object of the invention to pro-- going obJect which resiliently urges the vanes 60 0 of the pump of this invention.

'Further'obiects and advantages will become apparent from thedescription and the drawing. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

In this invention the fluid or liquid pump conview taken along sists of a casins lila having passageways Ila and vide means for retaining the, vanes 01 a vane l-2a extending therethrough providing inlet and outlet passages. A substantially rectangular Ila forms. the cylinder wall of the cylinder of the pump. The cylinder block IIa is carried between parallel faces I81: and provided on the casing Ifla, the parallel faces provided on the cylinder block IIa slidably engaging the faces I90 and 20a to permit thecylinder block lIa to be reciprocated thereon. A passageway Eta provided in the cylinder block IIa communicates with the passageway Ila, and a passageway 220 provided diametrically opposite the passageway Zia communicates with the passageway I211.

The rotor I consists of a cylindrical body having a plurality of radial slots H therein in which the vanes 12 are adapted to reciprocate. The rotor I0 has axially extending hub portions I3 and I4 which extend into axial bores I5 and I8 provided in the end plates 11 and i8 respectively. Bolts I9 extend from the end plate I8 through the body of the rotor 10 and into threaded engagement with the end plate 11 to thereby retain the rotor and the end plates together in an integral structure, the rotor I0 being friction bound between the end plates TI and II.

The end plates 11 and I8 engage the sealing surfaces 28a and 2900f the cylinder block Ho and thereby provide a chamber in which the vanes I! can function to provide the desired pumping action.

The end plate 11 carries a shaft 80 which extends exteriorly of the casing lfla and is connected to suitable driving means. The end plate I8 is provided with a shaft ll. The shafts 80 and II are carried by the inner races 3 la and 36a respectively of the ball bearings 32a and 31a which are mounted in the recesses 53a and 39a provided in the casing Illa. The unit rotor consistlng of the rotor body ID, the end plates 11 and I8 and the shafts 80 and ll is thus carried lieve the friction of distortion ofthe pump.

The unit rotor structure is carried between the ball bearings 32a and 31a in a manner whereby any distortion within the pump caused by production of high pressures therein will be carried directly by the bearings and not by any friction surfaces. While the surfaces 26a and 25a are in close engagement with the end plates II and II, yet there is always sumcient clearance between these faces to provide a fllm of lubricating developing high pressure and which can develop high pressure without slippage of fluid past the vanes since the vanes are retained'in constant engagement with the cylinder bore Ila.

An oil seal "a'is provided around the shaft ll, while an inspection plate ila closes the bore into which the shaft if extends in the end plate a.

To provide pressure upon the inner ends of the vanes I2 to retain the outer ends thereof in constant engagement with the cylinder bore Ila, fluid under pressure from the discharge side of the pump is conducted to the slots II whereby the pressure acts on the inner edge of the vanes I2 to thereby force the vanes outwardly. Since the directly by the ball bearings 32a and 3'Ia-to refluid or liquid pump is of the reversible flow type, either of the passages Ila or 1241 can become the discharge or pressure side of the pump. It is therefore necessary that porting of the discharge side of, the pump to the slots H be duplicated and suitable means he provided for checking the flow of fluid from one side of the pump when the opposite side thereof is the high pressure discharge.

To conduct the fluid under pressure from the discharge side of the pump transversely extending passageways 82, 82b, 83 and 83b are provided in the cylinder block I is adjacent the flow passages ZIa and 22:: respectively. Diametrically and 85 communicate with a recess bore provided axially in the end plate TI. The passageways 84b and 85b communicate with a similar axial bore 88b provided in the end plate I8. The axial bores 88 and lib are of such diameter that they provide interconnection between the inner ends of all of the radial slots II provided in the rotor Ill. The passageways 84, 85, 84b and 85b are closed at their ends by suitable plugs '9.

It may thus be seen that regardless of the direction of flow of fluid through the pump the slots II communicate with the pressure side of the pump. It is of course necessary that means he provided within the conducting passageways to prevent lay-passing of high pressure fluid from the high to the low pressure side of the pump through the conducting passageways. The passageways 82 and 82b are provided with check valves and 9822, while the passageways 83 and 83b are provided with check valves SI and llb respectively. These check valves are arranged to permit flow of fluid from thepassageways 21a and 220 respectively and prevent flow of fluid in the reverse direction. Thus, when passageway 21s is the high pressure or discharge side of the pump, fluid under pressure will. be conducted through the passageways 82 and 82b and their interconnecting passageways heretofore described, the flow of fluid to the passageway m,

at this time being the suction side of the pump,

being prevented by the check valves 9| and llb. The reverse condition is of course true when the passageway 22a becomes the discharge side of the Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as'new and desire to secure by Letters I Patent is: 1. A reversible variable delivery pump including a cylinder, a rotor, a plurality of vanes carried in slots in said rotor for engaging said cyla compression chamber in co-operation with said cylinder and rotor, fluid flow passages in said cylinder for conducting fluid to. and from said cylinder, said cylinder being movable with respect to said rotor to change theoutput capacity thereof and reverse the direction of delivery from said cylinder, a fluid passage in an end plate interconnecting all of said slots, independent fluid passages in said cylinder connecting said last mentioned passage with the first mentioned fluid flow passages in said cylinder, and check valve means in each of said independent passages for permittingfluid to enter said independent passages but preventing retu'rn flow therefrom,

- thereby continuously applying pressure from one of said first mentioned passages to beneath said vanes regardless of the direction ofjdischarge of pressure fluid from said pump.

' 2. A reversible variable delivery fluid pump comprising a cylinder, an inlet and'an outlet passage for said cylinder used as reversible function inder being movable relative to said rotor to change the direction of flow of fluid through said cylinder, a plurality of slots in said rotor, vanes in said slots, end plates carried by said rotor for rotation therewith and engaging said cylinder to form a compression chamber in co-operation with said cylinder and rotor, passage means in one of said end plates interconnecting all of said slots in said rotor, fluid flow passages extending outwardly from said passage means in said end plate, individual fluid flow passages in said cyl inder communicating with said inlet and said outlet passages independently, additional fluid flow passage in said plateinterconnecting said first mentioned flow passages and said second mentioned flowpassages, and unidirectional check valve means in said second mentionedflow' passages to permit flow of pressure fluid from the prevailing discharge side of said pump into said first mentioned flow passages.

3. A reversible variable delivery fluid pump comprising a cylinder, an inlet and an outlet passage for said cylinder used as reversible function passages, a rotor within said cylinder, said v cylinder being movable relative to said rotor to change the direction of flowof fluid through said cylinder, a plurality of slots in said rotonvanes in said slots, end plates carried by said rotor for rotation therewith and engaging said cylinder to form a compression chamber in co-operation with said cylinder androtor, passage means in one of said end plates interconnecting all of said slots in said rotor, fluid flow passages extending voutwardly from said passage means in said end plate, individual fluid flow passages in said cylinder communicating with said inlet and said outlet passages independently, additional fluid flow passage in said plate interconnecting said flrst mentioned flow passages and said second mentioned flow passages. and spring pr s ed checkyalve connected with said outwardly extending pas-' passages, a rotor within said cylinder, said cylmeans in said second mentioned flow passages urged in closed position to prevent flow of fluid from said passages in said end plate to the prevailing inlet passage of said cylinder.

4. A reversible variable delivery pump including, a cylinder, a rotor, a plurality of vanes carried in slots in said rotor for engaging said cylinder, end plates carried by said rotor for rotation therewith and engaging said cylinder to form a compression chamber in co-operation with said cylinder and rotor, flow passagesin said cylinder for conducting fluid to and from said cylinder, said cylinder being movable with respect to said rotor to change the output capacity thereof and reverse the direction of delivery from said cylinder, a fluid chamber arranged axially in an end plate interconnecting all of'said slots, fluid passages in the aforesaid end plate extending outwardly thereof from said fluid chamber, independent fluid passages in said cylinder independently connected with said first mentioned fluid flow passages and continuously operably sages in-saidtend plate, and check valve means in the operably interconnected passages between saidfirst mentioned fluid flow passages and said fluid chamber in said end plate for permitting fluid to enter said fluid chamber but preventing return flow therefrom, thereby continuously apfrom said pump.

5. A reversible variable delivery pump including, a cylinder, a rotor, a. plurality of vanes carried in slotsin said rotor for engaging said cylinder, end plates carried by said rotor for rota tion therewith and engaging said cylinder to form a compression chamber in co-operation with said cylinder and rotor, flow'passages in v said slots, fluid passages in the aforesaid end plate extendingoutwardly thereof from said fluid chamber and terminating in an annulariy arranged passage in the aforesaid end plate, independent fluid passages in said cylinder interconnecting said flrst mentioned fluid flow passages-with said annularly arranged passage, and check valve means in the passage means interconnecting said flrst mentioned fluid flow passages with said annularly arranged passage for 7 permitting fluid to enter said annularly arranged passage but preventing return flow therefrom,

thereby continuously applying pressu'reirom one of said first mentioned passages to beneath said vanes regardless of the direction of discharge of pressure fluid from said pump. I

' WARREN R. TUCKER.

GEORGE A. WALDIE.

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