US2360645A - Composition and process of preparing same - Google Patents
Composition and process of preparing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2360645A US2360645A US422680A US42268041A US2360645A US 2360645 A US2360645 A US 2360645A US 422680 A US422680 A US 422680A US 42268041 A US42268041 A US 42268041A US 2360645 A US2360645 A US 2360645A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- sulphur
- discoloration
- lbs
- pink
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical class O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/021—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing containing asbestos
- F16D69/022—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing containing asbestos in the form of fibres
Definitions
- This invention relates to a product' and process of preparing a composition containing asbestos. fibres. resinouscomponents and sulphur. It relates particularly to the method of preparation of a composition and to a composition suitable for heat treatment in which the color of the final assignors to Johns-Manvllle Gor- N. Y..; a corporation or product'is substantially uniform and consistent at all times.
- the invention comprises the adto-a composition containing asbestos fibres and dition of sulphur in relatively small quantities resinous components.
- The'composition also preferably contains pulverized or powdered carbon 'for purposes ordinarily attributed to the use of such carbonaceous materials in compositions suitable for brake linings or similar materials;
- the sulphur may be in.any form, such-as flowers of sulphur or the like.
- a Eamnple I' Compositions containing-the following distriburammetion A Formulation B bon black Sulphur I 5% was The compositions were prepared by dry mixing the several components together in order to obtainuniiorm distribution or all or the materials and th adding water a'sspecifled thereto.
- composition as prepared under formulation A- tends to develop a pink color either during'drying of the uncured materials or during the baking operation I when the "composition ,is placed in molds.
- the compositions as prepared under for mulation B did not develop a pink discoloration either during storage or the'uncured material's, during subsequent baking operations, or during storage. oi'the fully baked compositions. This inhibiting effect of discoloration is due primarily to the presence of the sulphur as illustrated tram le-Ir i
- the following composition was placed in an agitator and mixed for ten-minutes.
- the above sheets were then cut into sections and pressed in a brake block mold using a unit pressure of approximately 2000 lbs. per square inch and cured ,for about 30 minutes under 90 lbs. steam pressure.
- a waste scrap material such as results from cutting the sheets during the manufacture of brake and clutch bands, may be ground up for reuse as service sheet scrap in the compositions of Examples III and III.
- the sections were placed in an oven' and baked for 12 hours at about 100 F. During the entire operation and also in the finished product, there was no-suggestion of a pink discoloration of the materials.
- Example III Another composition containing the following components:
- sulphur to prevent discoloration in compositions is especially effective in compositions in which phenolic resins and asbestos fibres I are present.
- the pink discoloration in compositions containing asbestos fibres and phenolic resins is more pronounced when unmodified phenol formaldehyde type resins are used.
- sulphur is used as described above, no pink discoloration of the products occurs.
- Oil modified phenol formaldehyde resins give less pink discoloration than unmodified resins, but, through the addition of sulphur, the pink discoloration in products containing oil modified resins will be eliminated.
- a molding mixture consisting essentially of a major proportion of asbestos fibers and sufilcient phenol-formaldehyde resin to provide a heat curable bond, said mixture being rendered color stable by the presence therein of free sulphur, in-
- mixture free sulphur in amount sufiicient to inhibit color change of the mixture both during storage and during pressure molding and heat curing operations thereon, said sulphur being added to the amount constituting 1.25-5% of the dry weight of the fiber-resin mixture.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 17, 19 44 U ITED STATE 2.300.045 oomosrrlorz am) nocass I mamamcaamn PATENT, QF E Donald s. Bruce and m1. 1 mums, sow-f ville, N. J.,
poration, New York.
- New York No Drawinz- Application December Serial Nascent j.-
. Claims. (01-. zoo-cs) This invention relates to a product' and process of preparing a composition containing asbestos. fibres. resinouscomponents and sulphur. It relates particularly to the method of preparation of a composition and to a composition suitable for heat treatment in which the color of the final assignors to Johns-Manvllle Gor- N. Y..; a corporation or product'is substantially uniform and consistent at all times.
It has heretofore been known that in compositions containing asbestos fibres and resinous I components, particularly Bakelite resin, the'color of the final composition has atendency to acquire a pinkish cast. This discoloration in some cases tion 01' components were. prepared:
is quite uniform'throughout the product and in other cases-isspotty, but as a general rule it is' undesirable infcommerce.
. that it is substantially impossible to eliminate It has been found the undesirable discoloration, eventhough the composition had admixed thereto materials such as carbon black.
- It is an object of the present'invention pre- Ipare a composition suitable for heat treatment and adapted tobe molded into materials such as brake bands, clutches or other products wherein synthetic resins and asbestos fibres are used in combination without discoloration.
It is also an objectof the present invention to prepare an asbestos fibre and resinous composition which will not have a tendency to develop a pink discolorationduring storage of the uncured matrial practice.
Additional objects of the invention will become I Bakellteresin Powdered apparent to those skilled in the art .upon the application of thepresent improvement in indus- Broadly stated, the invention comprises the adto-a composition containing asbestos fibres and dition of sulphur in relatively small quantities resinous components. The'composition also preferably contains pulverized or powdered carbon 'for purposes ordinarily attributed to the use of such carbonaceous materials in compositions suitable for brake linings or similar materials; The sulphur may be in.any form, such-as flowers of sulphur or the like. It has been found that ii the amount of sulphur added to the composition is not appreciably below 1.25%,"based on the dry weight of the composition, "the pink discoloration ordinarily ob-' tained in the absence of sulphur does not occur. If the quantity'ofsulphur added is appreciably below 1.25%, based on the dry weight of theoomposition, the depth of the pink discoloration varies from a condition considered satisfactory to one definitely unsatisfactory. Under thesecircum- .rormulation B.
is, .1941} stances,
occurred, having faint traces of pink discolorationnwhile in other cases no discoloration oc- The invention may. .be more fully understood by'reference to the following illustrated examples. A Eamnple I' Compositions containing-the following distriburammetion A Formulation B bon black Sulphur I 5% was The compositions were prepared by dry mixing the several components together in order to obtainuniiorm distribution or all or the materials and th adding water a'sspecifled thereto. The
composition as prepared under formulation A- tends to develop a pink color either during'drying of the uncured materials or during the baking operation I when the "composition ,is placed in molds. The compositions as prepared under for mulation B did not develop a pink discoloration either during storage or the'uncured material's, during subsequent baking operations, or during storage. oi'the fully baked compositions. This inhibiting effect of discoloration is due primarily to the presence of the sulphur as illustrated tram le-Ir i The following composition was placed in an agitator and mixed for ten-minutes.
The required amount or water. asindicated-informulation, was sprayed into the agitator is, where the quantity oi sulphur was below 1.25%, in some batches discoloration while the composition was being mixed. The mixed composition was sheeted by known methods and cut into individual sheets. The individual sheets were then subjected to a hydraulic pressure of approximately 1600 lbs. per square inch for one minute and thereafter dried in an oven on steel plates at 100 F. No pink discoloration occurred in the dried pressed sheets after a period of five days storage under atmospheric conditions.
The above sheets were then cut into sections and pressed in a brake block mold using a unit pressure of approximately 2000 lbs. per square inch and cured ,for about 30 minutes under 90 lbs. steam pressure. A waste scrap material such as results from cutting the sheets during the manufacture of brake and clutch bands, may be ground up for reuse as service sheet scrap in the compositions of Examples III and III. After the compressing action, the sections were placed in an oven' and baked for 12 hours at about 100 F. During the entire operation and also in the finished product, there was no-suggestion of a pink discoloration of the materials.
Example III Another composition containing the following components:
Asbestos fibres 15 lbs. oz.
Powdered resin 4 lbs. 8 oz. Powdered carbon black v 0 lbs. 14 oz. Service sheet scrap (screened) lbs. 3 oz. Sulphur Olbs. 6oz.
30 lbs. 15 oz. Water 4 lbs. 0 oz.
34 lbs. 15 oz.
The above materials were treated in substantially the same manner as described under Example II, and after the various treatments, there was no suggestion of any pink discoloration in the final product. i
The use of sulphur to prevent discoloration in compositions is especially effective in compositions in which phenolic resins and asbestos fibres I are present. The pink discoloration in compositions containing asbestos fibres and phenolic resins is more pronounced when unmodified phenol formaldehyde type resins are used. However, if sulphur is used as described above, no pink discoloration of the products occurs. Oil modified phenol formaldehyde resins give less pink discoloration than unmodified resins, but, through the addition of sulphur, the pink discoloration in products containing oil modified resins will be eliminated.
It should be understood that the details of the description set forth are only for purposes of illustration and that the invention is to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
What we claim is:
1. A molding mixture consisting essentially of a major proportion of asbestos fibers and sufilcient phenol-formaldehyde resin to provide a heat curable bond, said mixture being rendered color stable by the presence therein of free sulphur, in-
amount constituting l.25'5% of the dry weight change which comprises, incorporating in said,
mixture free sulphur in amount sufiicient to inhibit color change of the mixture both during storage and during pressure molding and heat curing operations thereon, said sulphur being added to the amount constituting 1.25-5% of the dry weight of the fiber-resin mixture.
DONALD S. BRUCE. RALPH T. HALS'I'EAD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US422680A US2360645A (en) | 1941-12-12 | 1941-12-12 | Composition and process of preparing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US422680A US2360645A (en) | 1941-12-12 | 1941-12-12 | Composition and process of preparing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2360645A true US2360645A (en) | 1944-10-17 |
Family
ID=23675901
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US422680A Expired - Lifetime US2360645A (en) | 1941-12-12 | 1941-12-12 | Composition and process of preparing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2360645A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2556830A (en) * | 1947-01-20 | 1951-06-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Graphite anode |
| US2602029A (en) * | 1945-07-31 | 1952-07-01 | Internat Bitumen Emulsions Ltd | Manufacture of bituminized fibrous products |
| US2637650A (en) * | 1946-09-17 | 1953-05-05 | Internat Bitumen Emulsions Ltd | Fiberboard containing bitumen modified fatty acid pitch |
| US2647158A (en) * | 1947-04-18 | 1953-07-28 | Booth Frank | Method of making acid resisting microporous material for storage battery separators |
| US4281044A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1981-07-28 | Rogers Corporation | Adhesion of phenolics to copper |
| US5076986A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1991-12-31 | Ceram Sna Inc. | Process for manufacturing a composite material |
| US5118544A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1992-06-02 | Ceram-Sna Inc. | Heat resistant composition processable by vacuum forming |
| US5250588A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-10-05 | Ceram Sna Inc. | Organic friction material composition for use to produce friction linings |
-
1941
- 1941-12-12 US US422680A patent/US2360645A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2602029A (en) * | 1945-07-31 | 1952-07-01 | Internat Bitumen Emulsions Ltd | Manufacture of bituminized fibrous products |
| US2637650A (en) * | 1946-09-17 | 1953-05-05 | Internat Bitumen Emulsions Ltd | Fiberboard containing bitumen modified fatty acid pitch |
| US2556830A (en) * | 1947-01-20 | 1951-06-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Graphite anode |
| US2647158A (en) * | 1947-04-18 | 1953-07-28 | Booth Frank | Method of making acid resisting microporous material for storage battery separators |
| US4281044A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1981-07-28 | Rogers Corporation | Adhesion of phenolics to copper |
| US5118544A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1992-06-02 | Ceram-Sna Inc. | Heat resistant composition processable by vacuum forming |
| US5250588A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-10-05 | Ceram Sna Inc. | Organic friction material composition for use to produce friction linings |
| US5076986A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1991-12-31 | Ceram Sna Inc. | Process for manufacturing a composite material |
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