US2359107A - Copper-oxide rectifiers - Google Patents
Copper-oxide rectifiers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2359107A US2359107A US358699A US35869940A US2359107A US 2359107 A US2359107 A US 2359107A US 358699 A US358699 A US 358699A US 35869940 A US35869940 A US 35869940A US 2359107 A US2359107 A US 2359107A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- graphite
- coating
- naptha
- rectifiers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/16—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising cuprous oxide or cuprous iodide
- H01L21/161—Preparation of the foundation plate, preliminary treatment oxidation of the foundation plate, reduction treatment
- H01L21/167—Application of a non-genetic conductive layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
Definitions
- One object of my invention is to provide a method for making electrical contact to surfaces of contact rectifiers in-such a way that the electrical resistance of the contact will not be altered substantially by exposure to moisture and humid atmospheres.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an improved method for making contact to the oxide surface of copper-oxide rectifiers.
- Still another object of my invention is to provide an intermediate layer between the oxidized surface of a copper-oxide rectifier and a sprayed metal terminal area adapted to conduct current satisfactorily to the rectifier.
- a well known form of electrical rectifier employs an oxidized disk of metallic copper-as is described in Grondahl'Patent 1,640,335, assigned to the Union Switch 8,: Signal Company, Swissvale, Pennsylvania.
- it is necessary to provide some arrangement for conducting current readily into the oxidized surface on the copper such contacts being made in accordance with the description in the Grondahl patent by coating the copper oxide surface with powdered graphite and pressing a lead washer into firm contact thereon.
- the graphite has been applied in the form of a preparation having the trade name Aquadag, manufactured by the Acheson Colloids Corporation, Port Huron, Michigan. While satisfactory for most purposes, it has been found that when rectiflers coated with Aquadag have been employed in places where they were exposed to steam or other vapors, or.
- a rectifier comprising metallic copper having a portion oi" its surface oxidized and coated with a layer of colloidal g aphite applied while suspended in a high nashpoint naptha solvent, and covered with an outer layer or metal. 7
Description
Patented Sept. 26, 1
East Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application September 27, 1940,
Serial No. 358.609
4 Claims. (Cl. 175-366) My invention relates to contact r'ectiflers and in particular to the methods of making electrical contacts to the operating surface-areas of such rectifiers.
One object of my invention is to provide a method for making electrical contact to surfaces of contact rectifiers in-such a way that the electrical resistance of the contact will not be altered substantially by exposure to moisture and humid atmospheres.
Another object of my invention is to provide an improved method for making contact to the oxide surface of copper-oxide rectifiers.
Still another object of my invention is to provide an intermediate layer between the oxidized surface of a copper-oxide rectifier and a sprayed metal terminal area adapted to conduct current satisfactorily to the rectifier.
Other objects of my invention will becomeapparent upon reading the following specification.
A well known form of electrical rectifier employs an oxidized disk of metallic copper-as is described in Grondahl'Patent 1,640,335, assigned to the Union Switch 8,: Signal Company, Swissvale, Pennsylvania. In such rectifiers, it is necessary to provide some arrangement for conducting current readily into the oxidized surface on the copper, such contacts being made in accordance with the description in the Grondahl patent by coating the copper oxide surface with powdered graphite and pressing a lead washer into firm contact thereon. In the process of factory production of such rectifiers the graphite has been applied in the form of a preparation having the trade name Aquadag, manufactured by the Acheson Colloids Corporation, Port Huron, Michigan. While satisfactory for most purposes, it has been found that when rectiflers coated with Aquadag have been employed in places where they were exposed to steam or other vapors, or.
even indamp and humid places such as garages stantially 5 to 15% of graphite in a solvent of a high flash point naptha or the like. The percentage constituency depends upon the type of use. For spraying, a larger amount of solvent is employed than for painting on as in the case of Aquadag. For example, the graphite product described in Bartell 2,176,879 assigned to Acheson Colloids Corporation, New York, N. Y., made-up to contain from .7.5 to 10% of solids by weight may be, used {or case Schoop-sprayed tin) will be-found in the- Aumann Patent 1,801,831.
An alternative method of applying the graphite is to employ a suspension of colloidal graphite in carbon tetrachloride in place of the mixture of graphite with high flash point naptha already described. However, the carbon tetrachloride suspension has proved less satisfactory formed by the above described process with those in which Aquadag is used as the coating agent have clearly shown a great superiority for the former. Thus after four days in a humid atmosphere, ten rectifier plates of-copper measuring 4 x 12" x .050" which employ the Aquadag treatment show an average increase of approximately in resistance in the highlyconductive direction at 12% ampere load, while ten exactly similar plates in the making ofv which the-naptha solvent graphite was used averaged an increase of only about 1%'in the same period. Furthermore, the deviations in forward resistance from the average were far greater among the rectifiers coated with Aquadag than;it was between the rectiflers coated with the naptha suspension graphite; the range of variation among the Aquadag rectiflers at the end of the above-mentioned four day tests was of the order of of the original resistance, while the range of resistance in. the-naptha solvent rectiflers was only about 14% of the initial resistance. The greater constancy, and greater uniformity of forward resistance resulting from the substitution of naptha solvent graphite coats for Aquadag coats is thus evident.
While I have described one embodiment oi my invention in accordance with the patent stat- United States Patent 2 utes, its broad principles are capable of other applications which will be self-evident to those skilled in the art. Broadly speaking, I believe my contribution to the rectifier art here described to lie in the removal from the liquid in which colloidal graphite particles are suspended to form v a coating mixture or hygroscopic and harmful chemical constituents. I also believe it to be evident to those skilled in the art that the method .which I have developed for forming protective comprises applying to the oxidized surface a coating of colloidal graphite suspended in high flash- 2. The method of producing an electrical contact surface for copper oxide rectifier-s which comprises applying to the oxidized surface a coating of colloidal graphite suspended in high flashpoint naptha, freeing the coating of the naptha,
and Schoop-spraying the outer surfac of the coating with tin.
3. The method of forming an electrical contact to a conductor body which comprises coating the body with colloidal graphite suspended in a high flashpoint naptha solvent and freeing the coating of the solvent, and covering at least point naptha. freeing the coating 0! the naptha, 20
and covering the outer suri'ace oi the coating with a metal layer. 1
a portion or the coating with a layer of metal.
4. A rectifier comprising metallic copper having a portion oi" its surface oxidized and coated with a layer of colloidal g aphite applied while suspended in a high nashpoint naptha solvent, and covered with an outer layer or metal. 7
CARL C. HEIN.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US358699A US2359107A (en) | 1940-09-27 | 1940-09-27 | Copper-oxide rectifiers |
| DES147119D DE736806C (en) | 1940-09-27 | 1941-09-27 | Process for the manufacture of copper oxide rectifiers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US358699A US2359107A (en) | 1940-09-27 | 1940-09-27 | Copper-oxide rectifiers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2359107A true US2359107A (en) | 1944-09-26 |
Family
ID=23410682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US358699A Expired - Lifetime US2359107A (en) | 1940-09-27 | 1940-09-27 | Copper-oxide rectifiers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2359107A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE736806C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1063712B (en) * | 1952-12-03 | 1959-08-20 | Frako Kondensatoren Und Appbau | Method for establishing contact with dry rectifiers of the open-space design |
-
1940
- 1940-09-27 US US358699A patent/US2359107A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1941
- 1941-09-27 DE DES147119D patent/DE736806C/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE736806C (en) | 1943-06-29 |
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