US2357167A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

11 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig, 1.

Filed Feb. 9 1942 R 7 w 04 y 1 M Vfi R C w 4 W W N 2 n H Aug. 29, 1944. BROIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE F led Feb. 9, 1942 11 Sheets-Sheet 2,

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iW/Mnm i G 5 /N l/EN TOR f9 TTORNEY 1944. v o. BROIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE W TTOP/VF V 1944- D. BROIDO CALCULATING MACHINE 7 Filed Feb. 9, 1942 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 lo 2 5 ll 'ATTORNEV 1944. D. BROIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1942 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 //v VENTOR M W I TTORNEV CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1942 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 l'lT ' Imp v57 Aug. 29, 1944. D. BROIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9; 1942 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 F ig.10.

HT TOR/VIEY Aug. 29, 1944. v BRQIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9,1942 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 M/VENTOP A TTOENEY Aug 29; 1944. D. BROIDO 2,357,167

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1942 11 Sheets-Sheet ll Fig. 13.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 29, 1944 UNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE CALCULATING MACHINE Daniel Broldo, Cockfosters, near Barnet, England Application February 9, 1942, Serial No. 430,071 In Great Britain April 24, 1941 2 Claims.

This invention relates to calculating machines of the kind comprising set-up mechanism, valueentering means, result registering mechanism control member used commonly for the calculating and printing operations.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a hand-operated calculating machine of the kind referred to in which either the calculating mechanism or the printing mechanism can be selectively operated by suitable manipulation of the handle controlling the drive.

A further object oi'- the invention is to provide an arrangement in which the drive is successively connected to means for setting the printing mechanism and bringing it into operation and thereafter restoring the elements of said printing mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the result registering mechanism may be cleared, if desired, simultaneously with the restoration of the elements of the printing mechanism.

The foregoing objects are attained by a novel constructive arrangement in the mechanism embodying the invention, which will now, be described with reference to the drawings, the novel features being set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figures 1 and 1A together represent a perspective view of a machine made according to the present invention;

Figures 2 and 2A together represent a vertical section through the machine of Figure 1, taken on line IIII of Figure 3A;

Figures 3 and 3A together represent a horizontal section taken on line III-1H of Figures 2 and 2A. omitting certain parts for the sake of simplicity;

Figure Us a partial front elevation of the machine, illustrating the stepping device for the carriage;

' Figures 5 and 5A together represent asection through the driving shaft of the machine;

Figure 6 is a section on line VI-VI, Figure 5; Figure 7 is a sectionon line VII-VII of Flgure 5;

Figure 8 is a section on line VIIIVIII of Figure 5;

Figure 9 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a section on line XX of Figure 5;

Figure 11 is a timing chart for the printing operation;

Figure 12 is a sectional view taken approximately on line XII-XII, Figure 3A, and on line XII-XII, Figure 13, illustrating the paper and ribbon feed; and,

Figure 13 is a section taken on line XIII-JCIII of Figure 12.

General arrangement As shown in Figures 1-3A, the machine is mounted on a base plate I between side frames 2, l, suitably braced together by means of a tie-rod 5 and provided with a cover 6. The set-up mechanism, comprising pin barrels l of the well known Odhner type, having finger tips H is arranged in the front part of the machine, as shown in Figure 1. The result register 8 is arranged above the set-up mechanism on the right-hand side, and the revolution register 9 is arranged in line with the result register I on the left-hand side of the machine. The printing device, including an ink ribbon in and a paper web II, are mounted at the rear top part of the machine.

Set-up mechanism The pin barrels 1 are of the customary type, each comprising driving pins I2 (Figure 2) slidable in radial slots in the barrels, a setting cam I; with a finger tip I! for selectively setting the driving pins l2, a retaining plate l5 (Figure 3A) and a plunger ii for securing the cam l3 in any set position. The barrels further comprise the customary carry devices such as rockers l1 and restoring'cams It.

The general arrangement and operation of Odhner barrels are well known, so that it is sufiicient to state that in order to set up a.

factor, the finger tips I on appropriate barrels are aligned with one or other of the numerals marked adjacent the tips (Figure 1). This movement of the setting cams I 3 causes a corresponding number of driving pins I 2 to be projected into a working position. When the barrels are rotated, these projecting pins mesh with gears connected to numeral wheels of the result register, each driving pin shifting the appropriate register wheel one step. Each revolution of the barrels in either direction is counted on the revolution register, which thus shows the multiplier (in case of multiplication) or the quotient (in the case of division).

In conventional machines of this typ he setup amount is varied by decimal multiples by shifting the result register (and the revolution register) transversely of the barrels, which remain in a fixed axial position, and are thus aligned with register wheels of the required denominations. Contrary to this conventional arrangement having stationary barrels, in the present machine the barrels are arranged to be shifted relatively to the stationary registers; this has the advantage that a stationary printing device can be associated with the registers.

As shown in Figure 3, the barrels 1 are rigidly fixed by means of a key I! to a sleeve 25 rotatably and slidably mounted on a stationary shaft 2|, The key-way 22 of the key I! extends along the sleeve 25 to accommodate a key 23 of a gear 24 adapted to be driven by means hereafter described. The hub of the gear 24 is furnished with a. groove 25 into which protrudes a lug 25 fixed to the frame plate 3 (see also Figure 10). Thus, when the gear 24 is rotated, it causes the sleeve 25 and the barrels 1 fixed thereto to rotate, but, if the sleeve 25 is shifted axially as will be presently described, the gear 24 is prevented by the lug 25 from sharing this axial movement.

A disc 21 secured to the sleeve 25 by a grub screw 25 carries a one-tooth pinion 23 for driving the revolution register 3. Adjacent the disc 21 is mounted a plate 35 having a key 3| sliding in a key-way 32 in the stationary shaft 2|. The plate further carries a pin 33 protruding into a circular groove 34 in the disc 21. Thus, when the plate 30 is shifted with the barrel carriage as described hereafter, the sleeve 25 is also shifted along the shaft 2|, but the plate 35 does not participate in a rotation of the sleeve 25. Another plate 35 is mounted on the right-hand end of the sleeve 20, which is furnished with a circular groove 35 into which protrudes a pin 31 carried on the plate 35; a key 35 is fixed to the plate 35 so as to slide in a key-way 35 in the shaft 2|. The plates 30, 35 form the side frames of the barrel carriage; they are connected by a tierod (Figure 2) supported by a bracket 4|, and they carry a cover 42 furnished with slots 43 for the finger tips H. A number of lugs 44 (see also Figure 4) are fixed to the rod 45, the spacing between two adjacent lugs 44 being equal to a sideways step of the barrel carriage. A bracket 45 is fixed to the base plate I adjacent the front of the machine, and it has a plate 45 on which a locating pawl 41 is pivoted as at 48, A spring 49 normally tends to press the pawl 41 between two lugs 44 so as to locate the barrel carriage. A release key 55 is slidably mounted in the top of the bracket 45 in line with the pawl 41; when the key 55 is depressed against the pressure of its spring 5|, the pawl 41 is disengaged from the lugs 44, and the barrel carriage is free to be shifted by hand along the shaft 2| by means of any projecting part,

such, for example, as a tip H.

A key 52 is provided for stepwise movement of the carriage to'the right, and a similar key 52' -for movement to the left. On being depressed i. e. clockwise, around the pivot 55 (as viewed in Figure 2) so that the arm 51takes up a position below the lugs 44. This movement is limited by a stop (not shown). whereupon further depression of the key 52 moves the lever 55, arm 51, and bracket 59 around the pivot 55, i. e. in a plane perpendicular to the plane of movement around the pivot 55. Since the arm 51 is disposed on the opposite, side of the pivot 50 to that of the lever 55 (see Figure 4) the resulting movement of the arm 51 around pivot 55 is first substantially upwards and then substantially to the right. During this movement around the pivot 55 (clockwise as viewed in Figure 4) the arm 51 strikes against a lug 44 and moves the carriage one step to the right. When the key 52 is released, the spring 55 first swings the arm 51 around the pivot 55 out of engagement with the lug 44, and then around the pivot 50 to the starting position, whereupon the pressure on the key 55 is released, and the pawl 41 again locks the carriage in position. The left-hand stepping key 52' and the associated parts 53'60' are similarly arranged to shift the barrel carriage to the left. The transverse position of the barrfl carriage is indicated by a pointer 42' (Figure Means for zeroising the barrels 1 will now be described. A ball 5| (Figures 3A and 2) is rotatably mounted on the sleeve 25 adjacent the lefthand barrel 1. An extension of the bail 5| protrudes forwardly through a slot 5| (Figures 1 and 4) in the cover 42, this slot being of approximately the same length as the slots 43 for the finger-tips l4. A bar 52 is secured to the end of the bail 5|, and a plate 53 is pivotally mounted on the bar 52. A torsion spring 54 normally tilts the plate 53 out of the way of the fingertips For zeroising, a finger bit 55 formed on the plate 53 is pushed upwards; this causes the plate 53 to tilt towards the machine (clockwise as seen in Figure 2), so as to pick up the finger-tips l4 and to restore them as the finger bit 55 continues to be moved around the sleeve 25. The plate 53 is then restored to the initial (lower) position, and the spring 54 again tilts it away from the barrels 1 to allow for free passage of the finger-tips i4.

As indicated in Figure 2, the spring-loaded plungers ii for locating the setting cams |3 pass through corresponding holes in the sleeve 2|). When a plunger i5 rides over the top of one of the coacting teeth 55 in the cam l3, its inner end enters a counter-sunk hole 51 in the stationary shaft 2|. As soon as the barrels 1 are turned out of the normal position, the plungers |5 are out of line with the holes 51, and consequently they cannot ride over the tops of the teeth 55; the setting cams l3 are thus locked.

Result register As best shown in Figure 3A, the result register, designated generally by 8, is mounted on a shaft 58 journalled in bearings 59, 10 in the side frames 3, 4 respectively. It comprises a plurality (in the present embodiment, sixteen) of numeral wheels 1|, one for each denomination of the machine capacity, the peripheries being marked with the numerals 0-9. Each numeral wheel 1| carries a ten-tooth gear 12 onone side, and a one-tooth pinion 13 on the other side. These parts are made separately and riveted together as shown in the case of the wheel on the extreme right; although these parts are made as described, in order to simplify the drawings all the wheels other than that mentioned are shown rockers I6 pivotally mounted as in known constructions, on a stationary shaft 11 (Figure 2) and having a slotted connection with the shaft I5, the arrangement being such that the slot in the rocker I6 permits the latter to be moved into two positions, it being located in either position by a spring-loaded plunger (not shown). On completion of a turnof the associated numeral wheel II, the one-tooth pinions I3 cause the associated rockers I6 to swing away from the numeral wheelsII, whereby the sloped tails of the rockers I6 are shifted into the path of rockers II in the associated barrels I. Thus, the rockers II are caused to swing sideways and into engagement with idler gears I4 driving the next higher numeral wheels I I, and to shift them one step, whereupon the rockers I6 are restored For zeroising purposes, the one-tooth pinions I3 are formed with sideways bent lugs I9 (only one of which is shown in. Figure 3A) adapted to co-operate with elevations on a comb-bar 80 slidable in a key-way in the shaft 68. A spring 8| resting on a.pin 82 normally forces the comb III] 80 into a recess having a sloped edge in the end of the comb 80 is forced along the inclined I edge of the recess in the bearing I0, and out of it, whereupon the elevations on the comb are aligned with lugs I9 on the pinion I3 fixed to the numeral wheels II. On further rotation of the shaft 68, the comb elevations pick up the lugs I9 and restore the numeral wheels II to the initial or zero position, whereupon the comb 00 again enters the recess in the bearing 10. This recess is so shaped that this zeroising operltion can be effected in one direction only.

In addition to this manual method of zeroising. the register 8 can be cleared by turning a gear 84 secured to the shaft 60 by a key 95, as hereafter described.

The numeral wheels II are located by double detents 36 (Figures 2 and 2A) biased by pressure springs 81 mounted in a bar 89 secured to the frame structure of the machine.

Revolution register The revolution register, designated generally 9 in Figures 3 and 7, is mounted on a shaft.

lngs all the parts are shown as single units ex-.

cept for the parts on the extreme left. The gears 92 mesh with idler gears 94, rotatable on It comprises, in the shaft I5, and adapted to be stepped by the aforementioned one-tooth pinion 29 whenever the sleeve 20 is turned through a full turn. Contrary to the result wheels II, which are marked with numerals 0-9, the wheels 9| of the revolution register are each marked with two sets of numerals, namely with white numerals 0-9 for positive revolutions, and with red numerals 1-9 for negative revolutions. Accordingly, the gears 92 h. ve nineteen teeth.

. The revolution register 9 is zeroised in the same manner as the result register 8. The gears 92 are each furnished with 9. lug 95 (only one of which is shown in Figure 3) co-operating with an elevation on a comb 96, which is slidable in a key way in the shaft 89 and is normally forced'by a pressure spring 91 into a recess in the bearing 90, the other end of the spring 91 being supported by a pin 99 in the shaft 99. When the shaft 89 is rotated, the comb 9B is first. shifted to align its elevations with the lugs 95, which are then picked up and restored to the initial positions, whereupon the spring 9! again moves the comb 96 into the recess of bearing 90. A crank 99 and a gear I00 are rigidly fixed'to the shaft 89, which can be turned either by hand (by turning the crank 99) or by turning the gear I00 as hereafter described.

Printing mechanism As shown in Figures 2. 2A and 3, a gear segment IN is arranged in line with each gear I2 and 92 of the numeral wheel of the result register and the revolution register respectively. Each gear segment IN is rigidly fixed to a bush I02 rotatably mounted on a. shaft'I03, an arm I04 b ing fixed to each bush I02 on the opposite side of the sha t I03. The arms I04 are axially closer together than the gear segments IOI. so as to reduce the printing space required for printing the factors and the result, as will be ex lained hereafter. The shaft I03, is journalled at each end in a lever I05 rockably pivoted as at I06 in the/side frames 2, 4 respectively. Each lever I05 is connected by a pin I01 to'a link' I08. the other end of each of which carries a pin I09 Figure 5) protruding through a slot in the side frame 2 or 4 respectively. Rotatably mounted on the pin I09 is a roller H0 which runs in a groove of an internal cam III. This cam III is rotatably mounted on a shaft II 2 and can be driven by means hereafter described. The cam III is so shaped that, when rotated, it causes the levers I 05 to rock around t e pivots I06, thus reciprocating the shaft I03 and the gear segments IOI mounted thereon. Normally. the gear segments IOI are out of mesh with the respective gears I2 and 92 of the registers. the shaft I03 being in the position indicated by a'dotted circle I03 in Figure 2A. However. wbep. the cam III causes the levers I05 to swing anti-clockwise. the sha t I03 is shifted into the position shown in Figure 2A, and the gear segments I 0| are brought into mesh with the em-q I2 92. The arms I04 on gear segments IOI are connected by means of pins II3 to links H4. the o her ends of wh ch are connected by means of pins II5 to printing sectors H6, H6" (Figure '13) for the result register and the revolution register respectively. The printing sectors H6 and H6 are pivotally mounted on a shaft III supported at each end by an arm H8 pivoted a at H9 in the side frames 2, 4. Each arm H8 carries, as at l20, a roller the shaft II1 being then moved into the position 1' (Figure 2A). Theprinting sectors H3, iii are provided with type numerals I23. and it will be understood that the printing sectors H3 have ten type numerals -9, whereas the printing sectors H3 have nineteen type mnnerals each, in accordance with numerals on the wheels 12, 32 of the result register and the re luticn register respectively. The types 1 with negative indications of the revolution reg ister 9 may be different to those associated with positive indications; for instance, they may be smaller, or inclined, or furnished with a distinctive sign. A platen I21 arranged adjacent the printingsectors; thus, when the printing sectors are moved to the right, as viewed in Figure 2.3, an imprint is taken by means of an ordinary typewriter ribbon I3 on to a web of paper II. The arms I 04 of the gear segments III are normally supported by a bar I23 secured to the frame structure of the machine.

The gear segments I3I can be restored to the normal position by a restoring bar I23 which is supported at each end by a bail I33 pivotally mounted on the shaft I33. The bar I23 carries a roller I3I adapted to cooperate with a swing lever I32 rockably mounted as at I33 in a bracket fixed to the base plate I. The swing lever I32 is biased clockwise by springs I34 attached at one end to bails I33, and at the other end to the stationary bar I23, so that it normally butts against a stop I33 on a bar I33 (Figure 8). The left-hand end of the swing lever I32 carries a roller I31 adapted to co-operate with a restoring cam I38 to be described more fully hereafter. When the restoring cam I33 is rotated, it causes the swing lever I32 to rock the restoring bar I23, thereby restoring the gear segments Ill, whereupon the bar I29 and the swing lever I32 are restored by the springs I34.

In order to ensure correct printing, an aligning bar I39 is provided to align all printing segments I I3, IIS' prior to the printing operation.

This aligning bar I33 is carried on two arms I40 (Figure '7) pivotally mounted on the aforementioned bar I33 secured to the side frames 2, 4. The arms I4Il are interconnected by a crossbar I H, to which is fixed a bracket I42 carrying a roller I43. This roller I43 is adapted to cooperate with a cam I44 rotatably mounted on the shaft II2, a spring I43 anchored as at I43 in the frame 3 maintaining the roller I43 in contact with the cam I44. The arrangement is such that when the cam I44 rotates, it forces the aligning bar I39 into engagement with teeth on gear segments IDI, so as to adjust them all in one line.

Suitable slots are provided in the frame plate 3 for the bars I23, I",

Driving shalt assmov turns, this downward pressure may be relieved. whereupon the spring "I urges the handle I43 again into engagement with the suitably shaped stop I33. The shaft I I2 is rotatably and shiftably mounted in bearings I32 and I33 in the side frames 3 and 4 respectively. Fixed to the bearing. I32 is a block I34, in which is mounted a pressure spring I33 and a ball I33 co-operating with two counter-sunk depressions I31 in the shaft II2. By pulling the crank I41 outwardly, or by pushing it inwardly, the shaft II2 can be shifted to either of the two positions determined by the depressions I31, the spring-loaded ball I33 locating the shaft in either position. Further movement of the shaft H2 in either direction is prevented by a stop collar I33 abutting against the block I34, or by a disc I33 abutting against the bearing I33, respectively. The disc I33 is rigidly fixed to the shaft H2 and is furnished with a cut-out I33 into which nts a stationary lug I3I secured to the side frame 4. The arrangement is such that the driving shaft I I2 can o ly be shifted axially when it is in the initial angular podtion, in which the cut-out I33 in the disc I 33 is aligned with the stationary lug "I. As soon as the shaft II2 begins to turn, the cutout I33 is no more in line with the lug "I and consequently, the shaft cannot be shifted axially.

By pulling the crank I41 outwardly, the shaft H2 is shifted axially into what may be termed the calculating position, i. e. the position shown in Figure 5. In this position, two keys I32 secured to the shaft I I2 are shifted into engagement with two corresponding key-ways in a gear I33 meshing with the gear 24 already mentioned with reference to the barrel carriage. Thus, if the shaft H2 is turned when in the calculating position, it turns by means of keys I32, gear I33 and gear 24 the sleeve 23 carrying the barrels 1, thus effecting the required calculation in the manner usual in this type of calculating machine. Fixed to the gear I33 is a ratchet wheel I34 adapted to co-operate with a spring-loaded pawl I33 (Figure 10). This pawl I33 is pivoted on the stationary shaft 13, its end protruding into a cut-out in the ratchet wheel I34. A wire spring I33 engaging a pin I33 carried on the pawl I33 is frictionally mounted on the hub of the ratchet wheel I34. As soon as the ratchet wheel I34 is rotated in either direction, the pawl I33 is swung in the corresponding direction out of the cut-out in the ratchet wheel I34, so as to co-operate with the teeth on the circumference of the ratchet wheel I34. Thus, the pawl I33 permits of continuing rotation of the ratchet wheel I34 in the same direction, but it prevents it from rotating in the opposite direction, thus ensuring that once a revolution has been startedin one direction it will be completed in the same direction without reversing. A stationary lug I31 fixed to the side frame 3 prevents the gear I33 from being shifted axially.

When the driving shaft H2 is in the calculating position, a ball I33 (Figure 5) enters a circular groove I33 in the shaft H2. This ball I33 co-operates with a plunger I13, the other end of which rests on a rocker I1I pivoted as at I12 in a bracket I13 secured to the side frame 3. A spring I14 anchored as at I13 presses the rocker "I on to the plunger I13, and thus maintains the ball I33 in engagement with the groove I33. The rocker "I is arranged to swing in a slot I13 in the frame 3 in line with the key-way 22 in the sleeve 23 of the barrel carriage. When the driving shaft I I2 is in the calculam P sition. the

.keys I18 secured to the shaft II2.

asc'mev rocker "I just clears the sleeve 28, so that this sleeve 28 is free to rotate when driven by the gear I63. However, if the driving shaft H2 is shifted out of the calculating position, the groove I89 forces the ball I88 andthe plunger I18 to swing the rocker I'll into the key-way 22 in the sleeve 28, thus looking it in position.

When the crank I41 has been pushed inwardly, the shaft II2 will shift axially to the left into what may be termed the printing position. In this position, the shaft H2 is disengaged from the barrel carriage, and it is coupled to means for effecting the printing operation. These printing means will now be described. I As already mentioned, the shaft II2 carrie two cams III for engaging thegear segments I8I with, and disengaging them from, the gears 12, 92 of the registers 8, 9 respectively. The right-hand cam III (as seen in Figure 5) is rotatably mounted on the shaft I I 2' and is provided with two key-ways I11 adapted to receive two The lefthand cam II I is formed with a hub I19 rotatable on the shaft H2 and journalled in a bearing I88 in the side frame 2. Rigidly mounted on the hub I19 is a sprocket wheel I8I adapted to drive, by means of a chain I82, another sprocket wheel I83 secured to the aforementioned cam shaft I25 (Figure 2A). The hub of the sprocket wheel I8I is extended to accommodate a sleeve I84 rotatably mounted on the shaft I I2, and is fixed both to the hub I19 and to the sleeve I84, thus conneoting them to form one integral unit. The other end of the sleeve I84 is slotted to receive the keys I62 when the shaft II2 has been s ifted to the left, viz: into the printing position, Thus, when the shaft H2 is in the printing position, both cams III and all parts connected thereto are coupled to the shaft I I2, and when this shaft is rotated, all these parts will also be rotated.

Rigidly fixed to the left-hand cam III is a ratchet wheel I85 adapted to co-operate with a spring-loaded pawl I88 pivoted as at I81 in the side frame 2 (see also Figure 6). The teeth in the ratchet wheel I85 are so shaped that it can be rotated in one direction only, i. e. anticlockwise as indicated in Figure 1. r

The meshing cams I II carry gear segments I88 adapted to mesh with the zeroising gears 84 and I88 of the result register 8 and the revolution register 9 respectively. The zeroising segments I88 are fixed to the cams III in such a position as to effect the zeroising operation after the cams l I I have brought the gear segments I8I into mesh with the gears 12, 92 of the registers. The sleeve I84 carries the aligning cam .I44 adapted to operate the aligning bar I39 already described, and the restoring cam I38 which is now to be described in full detail.

The restoring cam I38 is a double cam comprising two circumferentially offset lobs or elevations I 38 and I38. It is slidable on the sleeve I84, but it is prevented from rotation independently from the sleeve by a stud I89 engaging a slot I89 in the sleeve I84. The double cam I38 is formed with a circumferential groove I98, with which co-operates a shift lever I9I pivotally mounted as at I92 on the shaft I38 and adaptedaxial position of the restoring lever 288 protrudes through a slot 282 in the machine cover 8, and is forced bya torsion spring 283 into one of two recesses formed in a side of the slot 282. These recesses determine two positions of the hand lever 288, which are marked "Non-clear" and Clear respectively.

Theswing lever I32 co-operating with the restoring bar I29 is arranged between the two elevations of the cam I38. The swing lever I32 has two rollers I31 rotatably mounted on a pin 284 on each side of the swing lever I22. The arrangement is such that when the hand lever 288 is shifted to the Non-clear position, i. e. the position shown in Figure 5, the double cam I38 is then aligned with that one of the rollers I31 which is adapted to co-operate with the elevation I38, theother roller I31 being idle. When the hand lever 288 is shifted to Clear, the cam I38 is shifted to the left, so that the other roller I31 will co-operate with the elevation I38 when the restoring cam is rotated, the first roller I31 remaining idle. As the elevations I38 and I38 are circumferentially off-set, the swing lever i32 will be operated sooner or later according to the the platen I21 so as to provide a certain amount of friction sufficient to feed the paper strip when the platen is being turned. Guides 2I2 suitably shaped to facilitate the introduction of paper are suspended on shafts of rollers 2I8, 2. The platen I21 can be turned by hand by means of knobs 2I3 rigidly mounted on either end of the shaft 285.

The paper strip is stepped automatically after each printing operation as shown in Figures 12, 13. A ratchet wheel 2 I 4 is rigidly mounted on the shaft 285, and a bail 2I5 carrying a pawl 2I8 pivoted as at 2 I 1 is loosely mounted on the shaft 285 adjacent the ratchet 2. A torsion spring 2I8 presses the pawl 2I8 into engagement with the ratchet 2I4. Slidably mounted on a bolt 2I9 fixed to the bail 2I5 is a rod 228, the other end of which is linked as at22I to aplate 222 secured to the right-hand arm.I I8 supporting the printing sectors IIG. It will be seen that when the arms II8 swing clockwise as viewed in Figure 12 to take an imprint; the rod 228 causes the bail 2I5 to swing anti-clockwise, the pawl 2I8 thus skipping the teeth of the ratchet 2. The

.end of the rod 228 embracing the bolt 2I9 is slotted, so that when the arms II8 are restored and the rod 228 is shifted to the left, the bail 2I5 remains stationary for a lapse of time suflicient for the printing sectors H8, 6' to move a certain distance away from the platen I21, whereupon the bail H8 is swung clockwise and the pawl 2I8 shifts the ratchet 2I4 one step in the same direction, thus stepping the paper II, A second pawl 223 pivoted as at 224 and biased by a torsion spring 225 prevents the ratchet 2I4 from turning backwards. l

The paper strip can be cut oil on a knife 226 secured to the side frames 2, 4,

cam as determined I Ink ribbon As shown in Figures 12, 13, the ink ribbon I3 is coiled in the customary drums 221, 223 mounted on squared ends of vertical shafts 223, 233 journalled in brackets 23I, 232 secured to the side frames 2, 4 respectively. Bevel gears 233, 234 ar rigidly mounted on shafts 223, 233 respectively. A horizontal shaft 235 is rotatably and slidably journalled in the side frames 2, 4, its ends protruding through holes in the machine cover 6, so that it can be shifted into one or the other of two axial positions. The shaft 235 carries two bevel gears 236, 231; when it is shifted to the right, bevel 236 is out of mesh with bevel 233, and bevel 231 is in mesh with bevel 234. When the shaft 235 is shifted to the left, bevel 235 engages its associated bevel 233, and bevel 231 is shifted out of mesh with the bevel 234. Thus, when the shaft 235 is shifted to the right and turned clockwise as viewed in Figure 12, it will cause the right hand drum 228 to turn clockwise as viewed in Figure 13, thus shifting the ribbon I U to the right; when the shaft 235 is shifted to the left, its clockwise rotation will cause the left-hand drum 221 to turn anti-clockwise, thus shifting the ribbon to the left. A gear 238 is rigidly mounted on the shaft 235; it meshes with a gear 239 journalled as at 243 in the side frame 4. The gear 239 meshes with a gear 2 secured to the shaft 235 of the platen I21. Thus, I

when the shaft 205 is turned after each printing operation as already described, the shaft 235 is also turned, thus shifting the ribbon I3 one way or the other, as required. A spring 242 secured as at 243 to the side frame 4 co-operates with grooves 244 to arrest the shaft 235 in either axial position.

The ribbon I0 is guided by pins 245 secured to brackets 23I, 232. Further, it is supported by a guide 246 mounted on the tie-rod 5. The guide 246 is of flexible material and is arranged to move the ribbbon I0 away from the platen I21 when the printing sectors IIG, II8' are restored after the printing operation.

Printing operation The sequence of the printing operation is best explained with reference to the timing chart, Figure 11. The various cams and other parts effecting the printing operation are so offset around the driving shaft II2 that they work in properly timed succession. The meshing cams III come into operationfirst, and shift the gear segments I III into engagement with the gears I2, 92 of the registers. As soon as the gear segments Ifll are properly in mesh, the gear segments I88 begin to turn the zeroising gears 34 and I03 of the registers, thereby rolling the amounts indicated by the result register 3 and the revolution register 9 on to the gear segments IOI, which adjust the printing sectors H6 and HG accordingly. When the zeroising operation is completed, the aligning cam I44 operates the aligning bar I39 in preparation for the printing. As soon as the aligning bar has properly aligned the sectors H6 and Hi, the printing cams I24 release the supporting arms I I3 which, under the influence of the springs I22, cause the printing sectors to press the ribbon III on to the paper II and to take an imprint, whereupon the cams I24 on further rotation restore the supporting arms H8. As soon as the printing sectors H3, H3

swinglever i32,thusrestorinthelesrsennmts.

I3l. As stthistimethe gear segments l3! are isters. these sears will turn the associated numeralwheels exsctlythessmeunoimtssthe! have been previously moved during the zero! on Non-clear," the result register 3 revolution register 3 will show exactly indications as before the Assuming now that prior to tionthehandleverfllhasbemsettotho Ciear" position, this will have restoring cam I33 toslide axlsllysolsto the second elevation I33 into co-opention the restoring lever I32. This second elevatkn Ea Eli" Egg tion I33 on the double cam I33 effects the re storing operation by causing the gear ts MI to move into the initial position, this does not affect the numeral wheels of the result reister 3 and the revolution register 3, which reof repeated-addition type, the difference being that in order to increase or decrease the set-up amount by decimal multiples, the set-up mechanism comprising the barrels I is stepped sideways relatively to the stationary registers, whereas in conventional machines the registers are shifted relatively to the stationary set-up mechanism.

Indications on the registers may be printed at will whenever desired, and it will be evident that every revolution of the driving shaft 2 when in printing position will print all indications of the registers, including zeros.

In the caseof multiplication; the operation is as follows: The multiplicand Is set up on the barrels I, which are in the initial axial position. One revolution of the driving shaft 2 in calculating position transfers the multiplicand to the resultregisterl. 'Ihedrivingshaftlllisnowshifted to the printing position and turned. the hand lever 233 being on "Non-clear." The multiplicand is thus printed on the right-hand side of the paper web II, and the single calculating revolution of the driving shaft is registered on the left-hand side of the paper as "1. The driving shaft is now again restored to the calculating position, and the calculation is carried out in the usualway,theban'elslbeingshiftedaxially when required. when the calculation has been completed, 1. e. when the required multiplier h indicated on the revolution register 3. the drivingshaft H2 isagainshiftedtotheprintingposition and turned, the hand lever 233 being on "Clear." Thus, the result and the multiplier are printed, and both the result register 3 and the revolution register 3 sutansticslly Iemised It willbenotedthatthewholecalculatlmisrecorded on two printed lines on the paper strip, thus (multiplicand) (multiplier) (product) The machine according to the present invention is particularly suitable for calculations involving a constant multiplicand which has to be multiplied by different mulipliers, as in this case the multiplicand can be printed'once for a whole series of various multipliers, the registers (but not the barrels) being automatically cleared after each calculation.

In the case of division, the operation is similar; it is recorded in three printed lines, the first line comprising the divisor and 1, the second comprising the dividend and 2, and the third line comprising the remainder on the right-hand side and the quotient on the left-hand side thus:

(divisor) 00000002 0000000000000185 (dividend) 00000015 0000000000000005 (quotient) (remainder) In order to effect a division the divisor is set up on the barrels, the handle is rotated once in a positive direction, and the first line is printed, as shown, the machine being set for Non-clear." The result register is then cleared and the barrels reset for the dividend, the handle is again rotated once in a positive direction, and the second line is printed. The revolution register is now cleared, the barrels re-set for the divisor, and the handle is rotated negatively, with axial shift of the carriage if necessary, until a remainder smaller than the divisor appears on the result register. The machine is now set to Clear and the third line is printed.

Alternatively, if the full capacity of the machine is not utilised, the divisor and the dividend can be printed in the same line and in the same operation, one factor being printed on one side of the result register, and the other factor on the other side.

The fact that the machine prints all ciphers, both to the left and to the right of each printed figure, greatly facilitates the setting of the decimal point.

While the machine described in the foregoing specification is of the barrel type, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that this inven- 1 tion may be equally well applied to machines not using the barrel set-up. It will also be understood that the machine as described can be supplemented by commonly known features such as a bell, a direction indicator, and the like, a description of which has been omitted as it is not essential for the proper understanding of the present invention.

Instead of printing the indications of bothregisters it will be evident that the indications of one register only may be printed, for example by omitting printing elements and associated parts cooperating with the revolution registe An advantage of the invention is that in a calculating machine fitted with only two registers all the factors and the result of a calcula tion can be printed.

What I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine comprising axially shiftable rotary set-up mechanism and, valueentering means axially fixed, result registering mechanism adapted to be actuated by, said valueentering means, and axially fixed printing mechanism, a main driving shaft, bearings in which the main driving shaft is rotatably and shiftably mounted, an operating handle operatively connected to said main driving shaft by means of which said shaft may be rotated and shifted axially, an axially fixed gear wheel loosely mounted on said main driving shaft, an axially fixed gear wheel in permanent mesh with said loosely mounted gear wheel and adapted to be driven thereby to rotate said value-entering means in any axial position thereof, actuator means for operating said printing mechanism to effect the printing operation and means for limiting the extent of axial shift of said shaft in either direction to bring the shaft into one of two operating positions, in one of which the shaft is coupled to said loosely mounted gear wheel to drive said rotary value-entering means and in the other of which the shaft is coupled to said actuator means to operate said printing mechanism to effect the printing operation.

2. In a calculating machine comprising axially shiftable rotary set-up mechanism and valueentering means and calculating mechanism including axially fixed register wheels, and axially fixed printing mechanism comprising printing sectors, means for meshing said printing sectors with said register wheels, and means for zeroising said register wheels to adjust said sectors in accordance with the indications on the register wheels actuator, means for operating said printing mechanism to effect the printing operation, and means for restoring the printing sectors, a main driving shaft, bearings in which the main driving shaft is rotatably and shiftably mounted, an operating handle operatively connected to said main driving shaft by means of which said shaft may be rotated and shifted axially, an axially fixed gear wheel loosely mounted on said main driving shaft, an axially fixed gear wheel in permanent mesh with said loosely mounted gear wheel and adapted to be driven thereby to rotate said value-entering means and means for limiting the extent of axial shift of said shaft in either direction to bring the shaft into one of two operating positions, in one of which the shaft is coupled to said loosely mounted gear wheel and rotary movement of the handle drives said calculating mechanism only, and in the other of which the shaft is coupled to said actuator means and rotary movement of the handle drives successively said means for meshing said printing sectors with said register wheels, said means for zeroising said register wheels, said means for effecting the printing operation, and said means for restoring the printing sectors.

DANIEL BROIDO.

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