US2356511A - Piston and cylinder system - Google Patents
Piston and cylinder system Download PDFInfo
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- US2356511A US2356511A US437428A US43742842A US2356511A US 2356511 A US2356511 A US 2356511A US 437428 A US437428 A US 437428A US 43742842 A US43742842 A US 43742842A US 2356511 A US2356511 A US 2356511A
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- piston
- cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/24—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke
- F02M59/26—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movements of pistons relative to their cylinders
- F02M59/265—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movements of pistons relative to their cylinders characterised by the arrangement or form of spill port of spill contour on the piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving in which the valving is performed by pistons and cylinders coacting to open and close intake or outlet ports
Definitions
- the distributing means are divided-into at leasttwo sets capable each of separately ensuring the working of the system, under similar or differentconditions,the shifting from one to the other being obtained by a relative disp1acement,'forinstance a rotation of'180" about their common axis, of the piston and cylinder with respect to each other.
- FIG. 1 is a'diagrammatic-axial sectional view of a piston and cylinder system for a pump, made according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic transverse section on the line IIII ofFiga'l;
- FIG.3 is aview, similar to Fig; 1, showing this system in a different relative postion of the elements thereof;
- Fig. 4 is an'axial sectional view of a: system of the same kind made according to 'another embodiment'of the invention.
- I Fig. 5 is a perspective view correspondingzto Fig. 4;
- -.a.-:A- first-set constituted, on the one hand by the edge 2 of the-piston end face whichgin this example, is at right angles to the;piston axis,and, on the other hand by anoblique edge 3 of-a notch 4 provided-laterally in the peripheryoi the piston;
- A- second set constituted, on the-one-hand by an obligue-, edge 5; which in thiScCfiiSEniS parallel nected with the piston end corresponding to the face of the piston which compresses the fluid, the connecting passage being formed either in the lateral wall of the piston or on the inside thereof, as shown by the drawing (Figs. 1 and 3. conduits I6.
- I6 I6 In cooperation with such a piston, I make us of a cylinder 8 provided with two orifices 9 and I located on diametrally opposed generatricesk" these orifices being spaced apart in the axial direction of the piston and cylinder, in such manner that it is possible to bring either one of them (9, located at the upper part of the cylinder) into coaction with the first set of edges 2 and 3', or theithere Ill, located at the lower part of the cylinder) with the second set of edges 5 and 6.
- feed conduits are provided for supplying fuel to that of orifices 9 and In which is chosen.
- Figs. 1 to 3 which correspond to an embodiment in which the shifting from one of the ways of operation to the other is obtained by a rotation of 180 of the cylinder, the feed is ensured through a single conduit ll, of suitable section for enablingit to coact as well with one --as with the other of said orifices, but separately. If they shifting from one operation to the other is obtained by a rotation of the piston, I may have recourse to two conduits located at the level of I might also, in both cases, have recourse to a conduit surrounding the cylinder.
- I may provide a single one, for instance by'placing the two sets of inclined edges in suitable angular relation to each other, as shown by Figs. 4 to 6.
- I provide, one one side of this plane, edges 2 and 3 analogous to those above describedwith reference to Figs. 1 to 3, with a notch 4 analogous to that disclosed by said figures.
- I provide, on the one hand, an upper oblique edge 5 symmetrical to edge 3 with reference'to said plane, and which may be con-' stituted by a bevelled edge of the piston end, and, on'theother hand, a lower edge 6, with a notch I, said .last mentioned edge and notch being perpendicular to the axis of the piston.
- the switching from one to the other can take place, in this case also, either by acting on the piston (as shown by the drawing, orifice 9 being in this disclosure fed through a lateral conduit I I) or by acting on the cylinder.
- Fig. 6 shows, for the sake of clarity, the development of the distributing edges. These edges may, as in the case of Figs. 1 to 3, extend over angles a of the same order of magnitude as usually employed (say since, in each of the two working positions, there is a margin of nearly 18091available for adjustment.
- the invention further permits of prolonging the life of the piston.
- the piston wears particularly on those of its surfaces which coact with the corresponding feed orifice. Therefore, if the wearbecomes too great, it is possible, byturning the piston through an angle of to obtain its "operationalong zones which are notworn.
- the present invention appliesJto the'case in which the'piston is provided withtwo' sets of distribution edges adapted to 'feoa t senaratelyeeither; with ,thezsam torificesor with; tw rzdistinctaorificesx so: asttorpr duo :two
- ithese" :sets may be ⁇ of ;:any 1 shape and disposition asrnecessary. ;-For.:-instance, at least one ofthemmay-havetwo oblique -edges, either, of: the same inclination or: of different: in- "clinations, and even Ofiopposed inclinations.
- a pump which comprises; in combination,
- a pump which comprises,” in combination.
- a piston slidable in said cylinderjone of -these two parts beingprovidedfwith at least one port means connected with a fluidfsupply at least two independent setsof distributing means carried by the other-fofsaid two parts',-adapte'd to cooperate with said portmean's, said pisto'n and cylinder being adjustable with respect ⁇ to each other by relative rotation about-their common axis so --as I to 'permit of bringing either of' s'aid sets of distributing-means' alternatively into foo operating I relation with said I port rneansi each- 0f lar position 'of'th'e I 4.
- 'A"pump which; comprisesrin combinatioma rcylinder :and ipiston .i slidable in each other and angularly:adjustablewith' respect to each other about their. common :zaxis, said cylinder being provided-With; at least oneiport means connected with a: fluid supply; said piston being provided with anindependentrperipheral notch, with a conduit connecting said iinotch with said inner face of the piston, with at least one other independent peripheral? 'notchvand with a conduit.
- a pump which comprises, in combinationj 'a cylinder and piston slid'able in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being pro- 'vided with atleast one port means connected with a fluid supply, said piston being provided with an independent peripheral notch with at leastone other independent peripheralnotch a'ndwitha conduit connecting both of said notches With said inner facedf the piston, said notches being-solocated' that the port means cooperate I with I the edge of the endi'face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first mentioned slot when the piston and cylinder are in a given relativ angular position iWl'th respect toeach' other, whilefthe portme'ansicooperates with an edge of the second mentioned slot foranother relativeangular position of" the pistonfiand cylinder abouttheir-com-,
- said' -cylinder -bing adapted to have said port means connected"with a fluid -supply,'-said notches' loeing sc -located thatthe port-means cooperate with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of jthe' first 'mentioned slot' whemthe piston and cylinder arejin a give'n relative angular position with respeottto each other, while the 'port means cooperates with an edg e oftheseccnd mentioned slot tor aid-angurelative position; at -least one I o co'nim n ains at "from the "first m ntioned n' each other-aria piston an'd cylinder about their in-combination angularly adjustable with-respect to each other abouttheir common axis,'said cylinder being provided with at least'one port means connected with a fiuid supply, said piston beingprovided with an independent peripheralnotch with at leastone other peripheral
- A'pump which comprises, in combination, a cylinderand piston slidable in each other and an- .gularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with two ports located on generatrices at 180 from each other and at a distance from each other in the axial direction, said piston being provided with a peripheral notch, with an inner conduit extending therethrough and connecting said notch with said inner face of the piston, with another peripheral notch located substantially-in line with the first in the axial direction, and'with an inner conduit extending therethrough and connecting said second mentioned notch withsaid inner face of the piston, said cylinder being adapted to have either of said ports connected with afluid supply, said two ports being so spaced apart,.in the axial direction that one of them cooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first-mentioned notch when the piston and cylinder are in agiven relative angular position with respect position, atleast oneof the edges'adapted to
- a pump which comprise'sjin combination, a cylinder and piston'slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with twoiport means connected with'a fluid supply, said pistonlbeing provided with an independent peripheral notch, with a conduit con 'necting said notch with: said inner face of the :piston, with" at least'f one other independent peripheral notch and with a conduit connecting "said second mentioned: notch with said inner face of'the 'piston,rsaidnotches being so located that" one port means'c'ooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the 'inner'edge of the first mentioned slot
- the piston and cylinder arein agiven relative angular position with respect to each other,'while the other port means cooperates with an edge of the second mentioned 'slot for'another relative angular position of the piston and cylinder about their common'axis; at least-
- a pump which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in .eachother and angularly adjustable'with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with two ports" located on generatrices at from each other and at 'a'distance from each other in the axial direction, said piston being provided with a peripheral notch, with another peripheral notch substantially in .line .withithe first notch, in the axial direction, and witha conduit connecting both of saidnotc'hes withsaid inner face of the piston said" cylinder. being adapted to have eitherof?
- said' ports connected with a fluid supply, said twoports being sozspaced apart, inthe axial direction-that oneg of them cooperates with-the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inneredge'of the first men,- tioned notch when: the piston andicylinder are in a given relative angular position with' respect to each other whilethe otherport cooperates with the other'edge of said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge of the, secondqmentioned notch for'a relative-angular position ofsaid piston and cylinder at 180 from the first mentioned position, at least one of the edges adapted to cooperate with each port being oblique with respect to-the axial direction.
- a pump which comprises, in combination, a; cylinder and piston slidable in each-other and angularly adjustable with respect ;to each other about their common axis saidcylinder being proadded with two-ports locatedon generatrices at 180 from each other andat a distancefromeach other in the axial direction said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis; and being provided with a peripheral notch both-:edges of which are oblique with respect to the axial direction, with a conduit connecting said notch withsaid inner face of the piston, ,with another iperipheral notch having its inner edgeat right angles-to.
- a idupp v aidtwqz norts ng cp ed apart in the axial direction that one of them cooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first mentioned notch when the piston and cylinder are in a given relative angular position with respect to each other while the other port cooperates with the other edge of said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge of the second mentioned notch for a relative angular position of said piston and cylinder at 180 from the first mentioned relative angular position.
- a pump which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis said cylinder being provided with a port connected with a fluid supply,
- one side of said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis and being provided with an independent peripheral notch the inner edge of which is oblique with respect to the axial direction with a conduit connecting said notch with said inner face of the piston, the opposite side of said piston being provided with a peripheral portion oblique to the axial direction, and with another independent lateral notch having its inner edge at right angles to the axis of said piston, with a conduit connecting said second mentioned notch with said inner face of the piston, said piston being adapted to have the set of edges, on either side thereof, brought into co-operating relation with said port, alternatively.
- a pump which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with a port connected with a fluid supply, one side of said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis and being provided with an independent peripheral notch the inner edge of which is oblique with respect to the axial direction, the opposite side of said piston being provided with a peripheral portion oblique to the axial direction and with another independent peripheral notch having its inner edge at right angles to the axis of said piston, with a conduit connecting both of said notches with said inner face of the piston, said piston being adapted to have the set of edges, on either side thereof, brought into co-operating relation with said port, alternatively.
- a pump the combination of a cylinder provided with inlet means, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder and having two sets of edges, the inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively, so that the edges of the respective sets will 00- operate with said inlet means of the cylinder, alternatively, depending upon the relative angular positions of the cylinder and piston.
- a pump the combination of a cylinder having two inlet ports, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder, and having two sets of edgesythe inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a, port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively, so that the edges of the respective sets will cooperate with said cylinder ports respectively and alternatively, depending upon the'relative angular position of the cylinder and piston.
- a pump the combination of a cylinder having an inlet port, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder and having two sets of edges, the sets being formed on diametrically opposed sides of the piston, the inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal-axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to the said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively so that the edges of the respective sets will cooperate with said cylinder port, alternatively, depending upon the relative angular positions of the cylinder and piston.
Description
Aug. 22, 1944. P. DESCOURTIS PISTON AND CYLINDER SYSTEM Fild A ril 2, 1942 w n y E .e 5 J m 4 WW 1 n 1 x c o 3] IH f 6 fi w J W t r u M H r m mi W I4 I|| wllll w m 'J 7 M A m do p 2 2 x 3 6 5 6 MM7 4 Patented Aug.22, 1944 UNITED STATES I .;i 1Fi-Ce A PaulDescourtis, I aris France; vested intlie' Alien Property Custodian i Application April 2, 1942, .s enaijnoe isz zs In France March. .29, .1941
practice than those used forthe same; purposeupto the present time.
' According to a feature. of the present invention,
in a system of the kind above-referred to, the distributing means are divided-into at leasttwo sets capable each of separately ensuring the working of the system, under similar or differentconditions,the shifting from one to the other being obtained by a relative disp1acement,'forinstance a rotation of'180" about their common axis, of the piston and cylinder with respect to each other.
Other features of the present. invention will result from the following detailed description of some specific embodiments thereof.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be hereinafter described, with reference to the accompanying drawing,given merely by way of example, and in which:
'Fig. 1 is a'diagrammatic-axial sectional view of a piston and cylinder system for a pump, made according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic transverse section on the line IIII ofFiga'l;
- Fig.3 is aview, similar to Fig; 1, showing this system in a different relative postion of the elements thereof;
Fig. 4 is an'axial sectional view of a: system of the same kind made according to 'another embodiment'of the invention;
I Fig. 5 is a perspective view correspondingzto Fig. 4;
6 showsthe development-ofthe e'dgesiof the'active surfaces of the'piston of -Figs.=4"-and' 5; In the following detailed descriptiom it will be supposed that the invention is applied'to the construction of an injection pump, of the monocylindric or poly-cylindric type; to be used for the feed of an internahcombustion engine. "This pump will further be supposedito be ofthe kind in which the'distributing means includeedges or inclined surfaces, especially.onthe'i pistbm variation of v the pump output ibeingoobtained; by a relative rotationbf the-piston and cylinder with. respect to-each other soas to, modifythe time at which .the orifice. or orifices .coacting with these edges .or inclined surfaces are opened and closed.
vIn..-pa'rticular,-it should-be remembered that,
inv existing .pumps of this, kind, .the variation, of theroutput of thepump-can be obtainedinthree different ways, towitpbyadvancing the beginningofthe injection, or on ,thecontrary.by-postponing the end. thereof, or .againby simultaneously varyingthe beginning andthe end.
- .NoW, it is. knownthatsome-motors are-preferably controlled by. variations of the first,.ki;nd,. others .;by variations. of the I second .kind,. and others: by variations of the third kind.- .I'It is. therefore necessary=to,.provide different interchangeable .pistons corresponding respectivelyito these solutions. 4 I 7 An important obj ect .of .the present invention is to obviate .this drawback,- and tothis. effect, accordingto. a feature of the -invention,. the distributing means .of .the. pum are .divided. into two or more distinctlsets. capable .each of separately ensuring the. distribution according to the respective. types of variation of the .output above mentioned. Shifting. fromvone. operation. to. the othervis obtained bya relative displacement, for instance La rotation of given amplitude about their common *aXiS, ofthe.cylindereandmiston. In order to carry out this method of-working, many specific embodiments -.may be provided by persons .skilled, in the art, .especia1ly.-according asone or several orifices are .used, according-to the particular. arrangement-that iswchosen for the distributing edges or inclined surfaces, and accordingto the value of the amplitude of rotation of the piston and cylinder, with respect: to each other, .thi s=.amplitude being preferably chosen equal to when two different conditionsofoperation are. to be obtained, asrit will behereinafter-supposed.
--According to the embodiment of Figs. 1-to-3, I imake use of two sets of d-istributionedges, superposedalong the same generatrixof the .piston, to Wit:
-.a.-:A- first-set constituted, on the one hand by the edge 2 of the-piston end face whichgin this example, is at right angles to the;piston axis,and, on the other hand by anoblique edge 3 of-a notch 4 provided-laterally in the peripheryoi the piston;
.51). A- second set constituted, on the-one-hand by an obligue-, edge 5; which in thiScCfiiSEniS parallel nected with the piston end corresponding to the face of the piston which compresses the fluid, the connecting passage being formed either in the lateral wall of the piston or on the inside thereof, as shown by the drawing (Figs. 1 and 3. conduits I6. I6 I6 In cooperation with such a piston, I make us of a cylinder 8 provided with two orifices 9 and I located on diametrally opposed generatricesk" these orifices being spaced apart in the axial direction of the piston and cylinder, in such manner that it is possible to bring either one of them (9, located at the upper part of the cylinder) into coaction with the first set of edges 2 and 3', or theithere Ill, located at the lower part of the cylinder) with the second set of edges 5 and 6. The pump i'urtherincludes: Onthe one hand a control device. for instance of the camtype, for impartin grectilinear recip rocating displacements to the piston, and
Onthe'other hand, means for producing relativerotations of the cylinder and piston with respect toeach other about their common axis, so as to permit of varying the output of the pump by modification of the relative positions of the inclined edgeswith respect toorifices 9 and I0; Such a system can operate in two different ways, respectively illustratedby Figs. 1 and 3. It. will be seen that, in one of these ways of working, ,correspondingto Fig, 1, the beginning oi the in ection remains invariable since it takes place when edge 2 comes to cl ose orifice 9, that is to say always at the same time whatever be the angular position of the piston with respect to the cylinder. As the end of the injection takes place when oblique edge 3 uncovers said orifice, that is to say at a time variable in accordance with said angular position,'the variation of outputof the pump is obtained. by varying thetime at which theendofthe injection takesplace. 9n the contrary with the other way of workthe twoorifices.
initial adjustment of each of the two working positions, this adjustment producing a modification of the injection timing.
Finally, it goes without saying that suitable feed conduits are provided for supplying fuel to that of orifices 9 and In which is chosen.
In Figs. 1 to 3, which correspond to an embodiment in which the shifting from one of the ways of operation to the other is obtained by a rotation of 180 of the cylinder, the feed is ensured through a single conduit ll, of suitable section for enablingit to coact as well with one --as with the other of said orifices, but separately. If they shifting from one operation to the other is obtained by a rotation of the piston, I may have recourse to two conduits located at the level of I might also, in both cases, have recourse to a conduit surrounding the cylinder.
ing, the pump, the beginning of the injectionis variable, whilethe end is fixedn In. order to ensure the relative rotation of 180? which permits'of passing fromone working position totheother, I act either on the piston or on i yli d Forthi s'purpose, I will merely, in some cases, act directly andvmanually upon fthe parts in question-Q For instance if it is desired to modify the working position of the 'cylinder I remove said cylinder as it isicustomary to do when a part of the pump is to be examinedorchanged, after which said cylinder is refitted in an angular position at 180 from the preceding angular position.-
But it maybe advantageous, in some'cases, to provide means for controlling from a distance the working position ofithe parts in question, which permits, in particular, simultaneously to act'on the pistons or cylinders of several pump units.
'I hese means may have their elements at least partly in'coin'mon; with -'elements of the means rying the output of thepump. v I r V They 'mightfurther'beused for adjusting the injection'timin gl Supposing for instance that said meansact on" the cylinder; by turning the latter through an-angle' of 180", they might be made insuch manner-as to permit 0i e fecting an Instead of making use of two orifices as shown by Figs. 1 to 3, I may provide a single one, for instance by'placing the two sets of inclined edges in suitable angular relation to each other, as shown by Figs. 4 to 6.
According to'this embodiment, and supposing, for the sake of explanation, that the piston is divided into.two portions by an axial plane, I provide, one one side of this plane, edges 2 and 3 analogous to those above describedwith reference to Figs. 1 to 3, with a notch 4 analogous to that disclosed by said figures. On the other side of said axial plane, I provide, on the one hand, an upper oblique edge 5 symmetrical to edge 3 with reference'to said plane, and which may be con-' stituted by a bevelled edge of the piston end, and, on'theother hand, a lower edge 6, with a notch I, said .last mentioned edge and notch being perpendicular to the axis of the piston.
--.It-.wi1l be"readily' understood that these two setsof edges can coact, one or the other, with the same orifice 9, thus producing two different waysof working as above explained.
. The switching from one to the other can take place, in this case also, either by acting on the piston (as shown by the drawing, orifice 9 being in this disclosure fed through a lateral conduit I I) or by acting on the cylinder.
Fig. 6 shows, for the sake of clarity, the development of the distributing edges. These edges may, as in the case of Figs. 1 to 3, extend over angles a of the same order of magnitude as usually employed (say since, in each of the two working positions, there is a margin of nearly 18091available for adjustment.
Anyway, whatever be the particular embodiment that is chosen, I obtain a system the operation of which is'sufiiciently clear from'the preceding description to make it unnecessary to enter into further explanations. This system has, over similar systems, many advantages,
' among which the following may be cited:
. It permits of adapting the pumps to engines of different types; and
It necessitates no modification of existing pumps, with theexception of the piston, which is difierent.
I The invention further permits of prolonging the life of the piston. As it is known, the piston wears particularly on those of its surfaces which coact with the corresponding feed orifice. Therefore, if the wearbecomes too great, it is possible, byturning the piston through an angle of to obtain its "operationalong zones which are notworn. Accordingly, the present invention appliesJto the'case in which the'piston is provided withtwo' sets of distribution edges adapted to 'feoa t senaratelyeeither; with ,thezsam torificesor with; tw rzdistinctaorificesx so: asttorpr duo :two
@waysvof; workina-tzeventwhenithese; tworwayszare similar or even identical.
1onthe::other;:hand,:;it; should be :we1l 1..under- .stoodthat, wheniiti is desired;toiobtain-;ozbyzmeans in the other greet) ithese" :sets may be {of ;:any 1 shape and disposition asrnecessary. ;-For.:-instance, at least one ofthemmay-havetwo oblique -edges, either, of: the same inclination or: of different: in- "clinations, and even Ofiopposed inclinations.
It isithus possible; witlra single. type: offpi'ston, to iadaptzan given :pump to two wholly "'diiferent applications. I I :In ageneral mannen-whilezI-have, in theabove said-setofdistributin mea ibein ind pend nt y adjustablezby relativerotation of said; pistonand cylinder about: their: common axis.
description,xdisclosed-whati'lfdeem to be practical .and eflicient embodimentsrfofthe presentiinven-o .tion, it should be "wellunderstood that I do not wish ito-i be limited thereto as Ethere mightibe changes made in the arrangement,idisposition and 'i-form of the parts awithout departing 'from the principle. Qf'thes present invention: asEcomprehended :within theliscope :ofth appended claims. I I Inthe claims,sthe;.wordinner* applied to one of two elements designates the one which is nearer to the part of the cylinderttoward which K the "liquid is discharged underpressure. For instance, taking edges"3 .1an'd'25,the finner" edge is =edge3'. y What-'I claim is:
1. A pump, which comprises; in combination,
a cylindenazpiston slidablei in said cylinder, one of these two parts 'abeingi provided with-at least one port means connected= with a -fluid supply, at least two independent sets-of distributing means carried by the other of said'two parts, ia'dapted: to
cooperate with said port means, said piston and cylinder being rotatable 'with respect to each sets of distributing means alternatively "-intofoo either of said sets 'of distributing -mean's alternatively into 7 cooperating relation with said port means.
3. A pump, which comprises," in combination.
a cylinder, a piston slidable in said cylinderjone of -these two parts beingprovidedfwith at least one port means connected with a fluidfsupply at least two independent setsof distributing means carried by the other-fofsaid two parts',-adapte'd to cooperate with said portmean's, said pisto'n and cylinder being adjustable with respect {to each other by relative rotation about-their common axis so --as I to 'permit of bringing either of' s'aid sets of distributing-means' alternatively into foo operating I relation with said I port rneansi each- 0f lar position 'of'th'e I 4. 'A"pump,"which; comprisesrin combinatioma rcylinder :and ipiston .i slidable in each other and angularly:adjustablewith' respect to each other about their. common :zaxis, said cylinder being provided-With; at least oneiport means connected with a: fluid supply; said piston being provided with anindependentrperipheral notch, with a conduit connecting said iinotch with said inner face of the piston, with at least one other independent peripheral? 'notchvand with a conduit. connecting said-second mentioned notch with said' inne'r face .of the piston,'sai'd-notches being so located' that the :port means cooperate with .the edge 0f the end' face of the piston and with the'inneredge of the first mentioned sl'oti'when the piston and 'cylinder are'in a given relative angular position with respect to each othenwhile 'the-portmeans cooper'atewith: an edge of the second-mentioned slot for another. relative angular position of "the piston and cylinder about their-common axis at least .one of the edges of the piston which c'ooperates with; the port means in each of-said angular positions being oblique with respect to the axialdirection. I
5. A pump, which comprises, in combinationj 'a cylinder and piston slid'able in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being pro- 'vided with atleast one port means connected with a fluid supply, said piston being provided with an independent peripheral notch with at leastone other independent peripheralnotch a'ndwitha conduit connecting both of said notches With said inner facedf the piston, said notches being-solocated' that the port means cooperate I with I the edge of the endi'face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first mentioned slot when the piston and cylinder are in a given relativ angular position iWl'th respect toeach' other, whilefthe portme'ansicooperates with an edge of the second mentioned slot foranother relativeangular position of" the pistonfiand cylinder abouttheir-com-,
mon axis, at least one of the edges cf' the pi'ston which cooperates with thefport means in each of said angular positions being oblique with respect to the axial direction. 4 V I .fi'flApumnawhich comprises,i i-combination, a cylinderiiand piston slidable ineach other and an-gularly adjustable" with respect to each other about their. c'cnimonaxis, said cylinder'being providedwith at least one port means-connected with ia fluid -supply, said piston being provided with 1 3, peripheral notch with at least one other peripheral notch, 'and with la' conduit connecting both of said notches-With said inner 'face "of the pistonj. said' -cylinder -bing adapted to have said port means connected"with a fluid -supply,'-said notches' loeing sc -located thatthe port-means cooperate with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of jthe' first 'mentioned slot' whemthe piston and cylinder arejin a give'n relative angular position with respeottto each other, while the 'port means cooperates with an edg e oftheseccnd mentioned slot tor aid-angurelative position; at -least one I o co'nim n ains at "from the "first m ntioned n' each other-aria piston an'd cylinder about their in-combination angularly adjustable with-respect to each other abouttheir common axis,'said cylinder being provided with at least'one port means connected with a fiuid supply, said piston beingprovided with an independent peripheralnotch with at leastone other peripheral notch,'and with an axial'conduit connecting both of said "notches with said inner face of the piston, said notches being so located that the port means cooperate with the edgeof thegendifaceof the piston andwith the inner edge-of the first mentioned notch when the piston and cylinder arein a given 'relative an'gu- -lar,;position':with respect to each"other,while the port-,means cooperates with an edge of the second mentioned'notch for another relative "arig- :ular position'of the piston and cylinder about their common axis, at least oneo'f the edges of ;the piston which'c'ooperates with the port means in each of' said angular positions being oblique with respect to the axial direction. a 8, A pump, which comprises, in combination,
a cylinder and pistonslidable in each other and angularly adjustable withrespect to each other about. their common axis, said cylinder being'provided with two ports located on generatrices at 180 from each other andat a distance from each other in the axial direction, said piston-being provided with a peripheral notch,'with a conduit connecting said notch with said inner face of the piston, with another peripheral notch located substantially in line with the first inthe axialdirection, and with a conduit connecting said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge ofthe second mentioned notch for airelative angular position of said piston and cylinder at 180 from the first'mentioned position, at least oneof the edges adapted to cooperate with each port being oblique with respect to the axial direction. I
. 9.v A'pump, which comprises, in combination, a cylinderand piston slidable in each other and an- .gularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with two ports located on generatrices at 180 from each other and at a distance from each other in the axial direction, said piston being provided with a peripheral notch, with an inner conduit extending therethrough and connecting said notch with said inner face of the piston, with another peripheral notch located substantially-in line with the first in the axial direction, and'with an inner conduit extending therethrough and connecting said second mentioned notch withsaid inner face of the piston, said cylinder being adapted to have either of said ports connected with afluid supply, said two ports being so spaced apart,.in the axial direction that one of them cooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first-mentioned notch when the piston and cylinder are in agiven relative angular position with respect position, atleast oneof the edges'adapted to coto eachother while the other port cooperates with the other edge of said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge of the second --rnent ioned QP r IF Fi iY a la Po i ive 9 a d-R g operate with each port being oblique with 're'spect to the axial direction.
i v a J v10. A pump, which comprise'sjin combination, a cylinder and piston'slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with twoiport means connected with'a fluid supply, said pistonlbeing provided with an independent peripheral notch, with a conduit con 'necting said notch with: said inner face of the :piston, with" at least'f one other independent peripheral notch and with a conduit connecting "said second mentioned: notch with said inner face of'the 'piston,rsaidnotches being so located that" one port means'c'ooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the 'inner'edge of the first mentioned slot Whenthe piston and cylinder arein agiven relative angular position with respect to each other,'while the other port means cooperates with an edge of the second mentioned 'slot for'another relative angular position of the piston and cylinder about their common'axis; at least-one of the'edges of the piston v which cooperates with the'port means in each of said angular p'ositions being oblique withrespect to the aXl&1 di1eCti0n.'Z"' Y 11. A pump, which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in .eachother and angularly adjustable'with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with two ports" located on generatrices at from each other and at 'a'distance from each other in the axial direction, said piston being provided with a peripheral notch, with another peripheral notch substantially in .line .withithe first notch, in the axial direction, and witha conduit connecting both of saidnotc'hes withsaid inner face of the piston said" cylinder. being adapted to have eitherof? said' ports connected with a fluid supply, said twoports being sozspaced apart, inthe axial direction-that oneg of them cooperates with-the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inneredge'of the first men,- tioned notch when: the piston andicylinder are in a given relative angular position with' respect to each other whilethe otherport cooperates with the other'edge of said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge of the, secondqmentioned notch for'a relative-angular position ofsaid piston and cylinder at 180 from the first mentioned position, at least one of the edges adapted to cooperate with each port being oblique with respect to-the axial direction. -1 2.' A pump, which comprises, in combination, a; cylinder and piston slidable in each-other and angularly adjustable with respect ;to each other about their common axis saidcylinder being proadded with two-ports locatedon generatrices at 180 from each other andat a distancefromeach other in the axial direction said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis; and being provided with a peripheral notch both-:edges of which are oblique with respect to the axial direction, with a conduit connecting said notch withsaid inner face of the piston, ,with another iperipheral notch having its inner edgeat right angles-to. the axis of'said piston,- and substantially in line with the first notch in the axial direction, and with a conduit connecting said second-mentioned notch with said inner face of the piston, said-cylinder being adapted to have-either of said ports connected w h. a idupp v aidtwqz norts ng cp ed apart, in the axial direction that one of them cooperates with the edge of the end face of the piston and with the inner edge of the first mentioned notch when the piston and cylinder are in a given relative angular position with respect to each other while the other port cooperates with the other edge of said first mentioned notch and with the inner edge of the second mentioned notch for a relative angular position of said piston and cylinder at 180 from the first mentioned relative angular position.
13. A pump, which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis said cylinder being provided with a port connected with a fluid supply,
one side of said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis and being provided with an independent peripheral notch the inner edge of which is oblique with respect to the axial direction with a conduit connecting said notch with said inner face of the piston, the opposite side of said piston being provided with a peripheral portion oblique to the axial direction, and with another independent lateral notch having its inner edge at right angles to the axis of said piston, with a conduit connecting said second mentioned notch with said inner face of the piston, said piston being adapted to have the set of edges, on either side thereof, brought into co-operating relation with said port, alternatively.
14. A pump, which comprises, in combination, a cylinder and piston slidable in each other and angularly adjustable with respect to each other about their common axis, said cylinder being provided with a port connected with a fluid supply, one side of said piston having its inner end face located in a plane at right angles to its axis and being provided with an independent peripheral notch the inner edge of which is oblique with respect to the axial direction, the opposite side of said piston being provided with a peripheral portion oblique to the axial direction and with another independent peripheral notch having its inner edge at right angles to the axis of said piston, with a conduit connecting both of said notches with said inner face of the piston, said piston being adapted to have the set of edges, on either side thereof, brought into co-operating relation with said port, alternatively.
15. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder provided with inlet means, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder and having two sets of edges, the inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively, so that the edges of the respective sets will 00- operate with said inlet means of the cylinder, alternatively, depending upon the relative angular positions of the cylinder and piston.
16. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder having two inlet ports, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder, and having two sets of edgesythe inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a, port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively, so that the edges of the respective sets will cooperate with said cylinder ports respectively and alternatively, depending upon the'relative angular position of the cylinder and piston.
17. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder having an inlet port, and a piston slidable and rotatable in said cylinder and having two sets of edges, the sets being formed on diametrically opposed sides of the piston, the inner edge of one set and the outer edge of the other set being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal-axis of the piston, and the outer edge of said first mentioned set and the inner edge of said second mentioned set being in planes oblique to the said axis, said piston being provided with a conduit having a port in the upper face of the piston and ports associated with each of said outer edges respectively so that the edges of the respective sets will cooperate with said cylinder port, alternatively, depending upon the relative angular positions of the cylinder and piston.
PAUL DESCOURTIS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2356511X | 1941-03-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2356511A true US2356511A (en) | 1944-08-22 |
Family
ID=9685139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US437428A Expired - Lifetime US2356511A (en) | 1941-03-29 | 1942-04-02 | Piston and cylinder system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2356511A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2565681A (en) * | 1945-11-01 | 1951-08-28 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Fuel injection for internal combustion engines |
| US2599018A (en) * | 1946-07-26 | 1952-06-03 | Gardiner M Rogers | Fuel injector |
| US3908624A (en) * | 1970-03-23 | 1975-09-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| US3930482A (en) * | 1972-12-06 | 1976-01-06 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection piston and method of its manufacture |
| EP0001463A1 (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1979-04-18 | Augustinus Johannes Petrus Maria Van Boxtel | Plunger pump |
| US4180021A (en) * | 1977-03-28 | 1979-12-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of injecting fuel and a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine |
| US4611566A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-09-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
| US4964789A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1990-10-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
-
1942
- 1942-04-02 US US437428A patent/US2356511A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2565681A (en) * | 1945-11-01 | 1951-08-28 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Fuel injection for internal combustion engines |
| US2599018A (en) * | 1946-07-26 | 1952-06-03 | Gardiner M Rogers | Fuel injector |
| US3908624A (en) * | 1970-03-23 | 1975-09-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| US3930482A (en) * | 1972-12-06 | 1976-01-06 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection piston and method of its manufacture |
| US4180021A (en) * | 1977-03-28 | 1979-12-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of injecting fuel and a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine |
| EP0001463A1 (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1979-04-18 | Augustinus Johannes Petrus Maria Van Boxtel | Plunger pump |
| US4611566A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-09-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
| US4964789A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1990-10-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
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