US2356184A

US2356184A - Automatic facet forming machine

Info

Publication number: US2356184A
Application number: US445630A
Authority: US
Inventors: Simons Aaron
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1942-06-03
Filing date: 1942-06-03
Publication date: 1944-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 1961-08-22

Description

AUTOMATIC FACET FORMING MACHINE' Aug. 22, 1944.

A. SIMONS AUTOMATIC FACET FORMING MACHINE Filed June 5. 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 EW n i INVENTORv AARQN 51A/:UNS

ATTORNEY Aug. 22, 1944. A. SIMONS AUTOMATIC FACE-,T FORMING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 3, 1942 INVENTOR AARo/v S/Mo/vs BY Q 'W ATTORNEY Aug. 22, 1944. L A. SIMONS AUTOMATIC FACET FORMING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 5, 1942 INVENTOR ,j AARON SiMo/vs mm \m\ m E m N m. Q m N ww Q Xi o m 9v KS WQ SQQ @GS QQ.. mm nvm, R Q I L QN %N\ \N\ .N NWW NSS ATTORNEY of Fig. 1.

Patented Aug. 22, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,356,184 AUTOMATIC FACET FORMING MACHINE Aaron Simons, Bronx, N. Y. Application June 3, 1942, SerialhNo. 445,630l

Z6 Claims.

This invention relates to machines for automatically producing a predetermined number of i'acets on diamonds or other precious stones and the object of the invention is to provide a machine of this class employing a tool supporting head, with means actuated upon the completion of a predetermined operation on a stone for automatically shifting the head to `bring another section or area of the stone in position to be formed or shaped, further in automatically repeating this operation funtil all of the facets have been completely formed on the stone, and in providing means for adjusting angularity of the tool, as.

well as to automatically shift the position of the tool in intermittently changing position of the workpiece or stone with respect to the grinding or shaping element; and with these and other objects in view,` the inventionvconsists in a machine of the class and for the purpose specified, which is simple in construction, emcient in use. and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed. v

'I'he invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which:

Fig. -l is a side and sectional view o f a machine made according to my invention showing the tool supportingvhead in operative position.

. Fig. 2 isa side view of the machine showing the iol suuporting head in raisedinoperative posion. f

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine. as seen .in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing parts in a dinerent position and omitting part of the l arrow I of Fig. 1 showing only a part of the construction and with parts in section.

Fig. 6 is a partial section on the line 4-6 Fig. z is a' Fig. 3

Fig. 8 is'an enlarged sectional view on partial section on the line 1`1 of the une l-3 ofFig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a perspective -view diagrammatically Y showing a swingingframe control mechanism of the machine.

Fig. 10 is a face view'of a diamond indicatingV i the facets formed `thereon.

Fig. 11 is a section on the line II-ii of Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale. l Fig. l2 is a section on the broken line I2-I2 of Fig. 1 omittingA parts of th'e constructionkand Fig. 13 is a partial section on the line .I3- i3 0f F18. 4. l l f In the drawings. Il represents a base or table o0` shaft I8 through abelt or other drive |9. On

the shaft I8 is a worm 20 driving a worm wheel 2| on a transverse cam shaft 22, having two heart shaped cams 23 at opposite ends thereof, which operate upon rollers 24 supported on a 'sliding frame 25, which operates in suitable guides 26 on the table I5. At the forward end of the frame is a supplemental table 21 forming Ipart of the frame thereon, on which is supported upwardly and forwardly directed side-plates 28 and rearwardly extending bearings 29, the latter forming supports for alpivot 30. The pivot forms an axis for a swinging frame 3l.

'I'he swinging frame comprises a cross plate 32 having raised and forwardly directed arms 33, and to the plate 32 is secured a rearwardly directed platform 34 having a. `cross-liar 35, the terminal ends of which form the pivots 30.

To theforward end of the platform 34 is se-l Y cured an arc shaped segment 36 having a dove,- tail channel to slidably receive a sector 31. The sectorv 31 has upwardly and forwardlyextend-,- ing' curved arms 38, which provides an adjustable support for a block 397mwhich a workpiece supporting .tool 40 is mounted. The block 39 is recessed at one side, as seen at 4l, to receive one of the arms 38; the other arm snugly engages the other side of the block.` A large milled :balance` to control movement of the swingingframe toward the grinding wheel 43.

At this time, it will':be pointed out that .the

y grinding wheel'is preferably supported andl opyl eratd by means totally independent of the machine and the machine is thus 'adiustably srup-4 ported as a unit with respect to the grinding wheel and whenproperlyI adjusted the block 33 including' the tool 40 are'ladjustd to bring the workpiece or diamond 41 supported in .the tool in proper relationship with respect to the sur-l face of the grinding wheel to provide for the auto# matic grinding` of the several facets 48 on the diamond, as is indicated diagrammaticallyy in- Flg.- 10 of the drawings. j

In Fig. 11 of -the drawings. a. section is shown 'through the block 39 to illustrtelenerlly -the workpiece supporting tool The tool 40 -is quickly attachable anddetachable with the block by a hooked end arm 43, pivoted as seen 'at u 'with the hooked ena 'or up amvenmme an'opposed, recessed pin Il, thearm carrying a set screw 52 centrally thereof, which bears upon the outer end of a milled head 53 of a tool retaining sleeve` 54. The lower end of this sleeve l sition in the manner indicated in Fig. 11 of the drawings. 'I'he plug 60 constitutes more or less of a conventional mounting for the stones.

Secured at the upper end of the outer shell 58 of the tool is a hooked arm 6I which engages the pivot pin 50 to retain the tool against rotation in the inner'bushing 62. around which is arranged an outer bushing 83, the latter being supported in the block as. These tw bushings are provided to care for intermittent rotary movement, which is imparted to the tool l in` bringing successive sections of the workpiece or diamond 41 in position to form the successive facets I8 thereon.

For the time being, the structure of the tool operating mechanism will be described and the 30 means for actuating said mechanism will be later described.' Arranged upon the upper end of the block 31 and rotatable on the bushing 83 is a beveled ring Il to which is secured a ratchet wheel 65. Rotatable upon the upper and lower surfaces of the wheel Il are spaced discs 68, one extendedarxn oi which carries a swiveled pin 61 and in oppositely extended arms of which is pivotally supported a spring actuated pawl i8. Thisstructure may be said to constitute a pawl actuating frame, which is independently vrotatf able on the recessed sides of the ratchet wheel i5, as will clearly appear upon a consideration oi' Fig. 1l of the drawings. This frame is rotated in one direction as later described, to move the pawl over 4the ratchet wheel while the latter is stationary and is movablewith the-ratchet wheel in driving or rotating thewheel when the frame is operatedfin the opposite direction. On the lower surface of -the'ratchet wheel "are eight4 conical beken u and supported in the blocks:

' is a spring operated key pin 10, note Fig. -13,

said ratchet wheel. In other words', the'pin 10 Aretains'the tool in the eight different vpositions requiredio form the eight facets on the diamond varied, the tool structure and means controlling operation thereof willbe correspondingly varied. :From the foregoing, yit will be apparent that in the rotation of the ratchet, the disc M, as well as the tool unit Il, is correspondingly rotated. The bevel disc Il may havesuitable marks or' indentures to register with correspondingmarkings on the up r surface of-a stationary disc 1I, secured to the lock It to indicate to the opera- .5.6616 whichle of or workpiece. Where the number of facets aretorthe position assumed by the stone or workpiece during any particular operation.

The lower end portion of the shell Il protrudes beyond the block I! and is tapered to seat snugly in a. bushed colla:` 12 having a harige portion 13 to receive screws or other fastenings to mount the same on the lower surface of the block. Removal of this hushed sleeve will facilitate detachment of the tool unit I0, although the unit may be detached without removal of said sleeve. In y addition tothe rotary -movement of the to'ol unit 40, the entire tool operating mechanism is rotatable in the block 39 by mechanism later described, which rotation is upon the bushing i 16 In the operation of the machine, the reciprocating frame moves back and forth in the ma.- chine by the action of the cams 23 and the spring 14, which is coupled with one pin on the plate zo 21 and another pin 18 on the bedplate Il. In this operation, the workpiece ismoved vradially over the surface of the grinding wheel or in'- wardly and outwardly with respect to the axis of rotation if this wheel in any desired angular '25 relationship. After the grinding operationfhasy s. t been performed, said mechanisms, later described,

automatically throws the swinging frame into raised position and in so doing, two operations are performed with regard to the workpiece supporting mechanism. First, the complete block is swung into a different angular position by movement of the sector I1 in the guides. In other words, in moving the unit from the position shown in Fig. 3 to that illustrated in Pig. 4 or 35 vice versa, and during this operation the work-' piece supporting tool 40 is rotated Va of a revolution to bring the next section-of the diamond or f workpiece in position to be ground. The reason for shifting the angular postion of the en l40 tire unit is to bring the workpiece, if it has a grain, into properrelationship with the grinding wheel to produce the most emcient grinding operations thereon'consistent with the graining of the workpiece. This produces the most eilicient operations finished surfaces on the resulting facets.

i The rst of the above mentioned operatis s seen at 18, and having `at its free end a'fork engaging a pin 1l on the sector I1. At the pivot end of the arm 11 is a cross-head Il having forked ends engaging pins on sliding 'p'- allel bars Il which are-supported upon the plate extensionall. -At the forward ends of each of these bars-y are pivoted pawls Il, note' Fig. '1,

having fiat position of the springs and pawls,

in other words, when the bars are in retracted positions., the pawls l2 having their ends protruding above the surface of the bars: whereas in extended position, the springs actuate to depress the forward ends of the pawls to provide the following operations.

Pivotally supported on stationary posts Il. les cured to the plate 21, are gravity operated fingers .-suflicient widthv to'llide .freely overthe "upper surfacesY of4 event thatv the frame is swung on the pivot 8l.-

the one finger 86 will engage the protruding pawl,

for example, the pawl shown in full lines of the drawings, thus advancing the pled therewith; wherethe movement ofthe other fingerover the bar will pass freely over the de` pressed pawl therein.' In this operation. the engaged pawl will operate the arm 11 and thesector 15 l1 to move the inria? barllcouand more highly polished and performed by a swinging arm 11. pivoted al tnepbm 'u'. 'In' the tllie unit into a different lar position. For example, considering Fig. 3, the above described operation ,would cause the arm 11 to move from the position of said figure *Y to the position shown in Fig. 4. In the next swinging movement of the frame,`the arm 11 will be moved from the position shown in Fig. 4 to the position shown in Fig. 3. With the workpiece supporting unit in the position shown in Fig. 4, the diamond or workpiece l1 may be moved radially. across the surface of the grinding wheel 49; whereas when in the position shown in Fig. 3, this movement of the diamond or workpiece will vbe of an angle of approximately 45 to the first mentioned movement. l

The aforesaid swinging movement of the'frame 9| is accomplished by the movement of a roller 91 over a cam surface 99 in the forward end of the block I9. The roller 91 is supported in one end of the cross-headof a T-shaped arm 91', the other end of which is pivoted, as seen at 99, and the leg of thisarm 91' supports an adjustable pin 90 which engages the block 9| on one end of a plunger rod 92. A short guide and key rod 99 is alsosecured to the clock 9| and both rods reciprocate back and forth in the frame in suitable guides or bearings, as clearly seen in Fig. 1 of the drawings. e

Secured e rod 92 is a spring seat and pawl actuating plate 94, note Fig. 9, of the drawings, which has depending side ngers 99 adapted to cooperate with a lip 99 on a pawl 91. Also secured to the plunger, rod 92 is a pawl block 99 having a pawl receiving recess 99 in the lower forward corner thereof, which ls engaged by the pawl when the frame is automatically swung into raised position. A spring |00, note Fig. 1, vnormally tends to support the pawl'in raised opera-l tive position; whereas a spring on the rod 92 supports the block 9| in constant engagement with the pin 90. In the normal reciprocating back and forth movement of the machine-in the guides 29, the roller 91 rides over the cam surface 99 andthe pin 90'movs the plunger 92 forwardly against the tension of the spring |0| and in this operation, assuming that the grinding operation on the stone or workpiece has not been completed; a spring nger |02 pivoted as seen at |09 engages the lip 99 of the pawl 91 to lower the nose of the cam out of engagement with the block 99, the finger |02 being normally supported in engagement with th'e lip by a spring |04, note Fig. 1.

pletely ground. the screw I I9 engages 'the stop ||9 and the raisingof the control plate will depress the hook end ||0 thereof, thus actuating the trip plate |09 to raise the spring finger |02 into the ition shown in Figs. 1 and 9 in which position t e linger |02 is out of engagement with the projecting lip 99 Aof the pawl 91. next movement of the roller 91 over the cam surfacel 99, the pawl 91 will engage the block 99 checking forward movement of the plunger 92 which will cause the swinging frame to move from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2.

It will thus be seen that the adjustment of screw I I9 actually controls the depth or degree of cut or grinding operation performed on each section of the stone.

In theforward sliding movement of the machine or main frame, the swinging frame 9| is gradually lowered by gravity. This movement is checked to some degree by springs ||9 coupled with the sliding frame, as seen at H9, ando with the swinging frame, as seen at |20. This downward movement is further checked by a dashpot construction comprising cylinders |2I pivoted to the arms 29, as seen at |22, and plungers |29 having flattened sides, note Fig. 8, which operate in the cylinders I2I`;` the plungers being pivoted, as seen at |24, to vertical columns |29 at the foward ends of the arms 99 on the swinging frame. These dashpot cushions serve to ease the engagement of the stone or workpiece in its movement into engagement with the fast rotating grinding wheel. Quite often, the surface of the stoneor workpiece is sharp or irregular and this sensitive movement of the workpiecev into engagement with the grinding wheel eliminates any possibility of grooving or otherwise marring the surface of the wheel. It will readilyappear that as the swinging frame `9| moves upwardly. the plungers |29 are drawn upwardly in the cyl--` inders I2I and as the frame swings downwardly,

vthe plungers move downwardly in the bores of the cylinders and the slight attening of the sides of the plungers |29 minimizes the escape of air to produce the cushioning or dashpot effect which is desired.

In the aforesaid swingingV movement of the frame, the workpiece supporting and operating unit. in addition to being swung into the angular positions( is also actuated to rotate the On the pivot end of the finger |02 is a projecting lip |09 adapted to be engaged by asubstantially L-shaped trip plate |09. the angular end |01 of which engages the lip |09. The upper ends of the plate |09 has side wings forming pivotal supports |09 for said plate. The plate is also apertured to freely receive the plunger rod 92. At the upper edge of the plate |09 is a bevelled surface |09 adapted to be engaged bythe hook end ||0 of a controlV plate III. `The plate has side pivots ||2 for mounting on the segment 99 and at the forward end of the plate is an adjustable stop screw ||9 adapted to engage a stop .l element ||4 on the lower surface of a front stop plate ||9, the latter having two adjustable stop holder I0, as previously described. and this operation is performed by an adjustable linkage |29v comprising telescoping parts adjustably and. detachably secured, as seen at |21, the lower part being pivoted. as seen at |29, note Fig. 11, to the pin 91; whereas the upper .part is pivoted to a sleeve |29 arranged upon a rod |'30 of a cross- 'bar |9| secured to the columns '|29. To each of the arms 29 are 'pivoted links |92, which support at their upper end a cross-bar |99, in which the columns |29 are slidably mounted. v'I'his serves limiting downward movement of the swinging frame in the direction of the grinding .wheel I9.

tion of Fig'. 1 of the drawings.

`constitute th open work frame structure which is movable with the swinging frame and guided' and reinforced by the partsw |92 and |99. 'I'he screw |99 is simply employed for testing the machine and can take the place of the screw H9 Thus, in the in providing a constant movement of the swinging frame from @the position shown in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 4 and vice versa, each shift being accomplished upon one complete cycle of operation of the cams 23 or in one complete back and forth movement of the sliding main frame. However, when the screw Il! is in inoperative position, operation of the machine is controlled through the engagement of the workpiece with the grindingAwheel.

Considering the flinkage |28, it will be apparent that the sleeve |29 transmits rotary movement to the pawl Il in rotating the workpiece holder 40 one-eighth of a revolution returning the pawl to engage the next successive tooth on a ratchet .wheel sl, this last operation being assistedI by a spring |31, one end of which is coupled with the pin I1 and the other end of which is secured to an arm illsecured to the block 30.

It will appear from a consideration of Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings that the disc 1I is larger in diameter than the conical sleeve M; thus markings may be arranged on the disc and sleeve to k'indicate to the operator the position of the workpiece or the particular facets being ground when the machine is in operation. However, after the leight facets have' been initially ground, the machine is allowed to continue its automatic operation for final grindings on all of the facets and when a workpiece is completely formed, the machine will continue to swing the frame andl rotate the work-piece holder in each cycle of operation for the machine. This can be a clear indication to the operator that the particular workpiecein this machine has been finished and the machine is ready for the insertion of a yne workpiece.

A t the forward lower end of the swinging frame is arranged a large disc Il adapted to enter a recess m, not rm. 1. inr the temen. The me Y nl doesnot seatinthebaseoftherecess 'asthe frame. The entire machine mounted upon the machines ofthe character described, said unit l swinging frame is checked on its vdownward movement and in both positions thereof by the stop screws llt. However, should these screws be'removed from the machine for any time, the

with respect to said unit, a quick clamping'device disc lll would -form a support for the swinging A frame. Q

It will be understood that the mechanism dia'- grammatically illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawstoodl that a number of these holders will be Prepared with the diamonds or other stones orA workpleces` set therein ready for quick insertion intothe machine upon the removal 'of a finished workpiece. This operation is performed by simply loosening the screw 52 and swinging the 1 -m u out of simement with the homer u base plate Il constitutes` a unit which may be- Asupported in any desired position with respect to a grinding wheel. In some instances, a number of these units may be arranged around the peripheral of a single whe'el and on the other hand, the units may be shiftable from one wheel to another. l

Inl this connection in referring to grinding wheel, it will be apparent that the particular lstructure of. the wheel may be modified to suit the operations to be performed on the workpiece. In some instances, it might be desirable to operate workpieces` in three different stages; for

example, on roughing wheels to produce rough cuts; then in a second stage. completing the cutting or grinding operation; and a third stage of polishing may also be included. It will also beunderstood that diiferent weights 4l may be employed in conjunction with different workpieces and also in the use of different ston. These weights are to control the gravity pressure of the workpiece` on the cutting, shaping or polishing element.

Having fully described my invention,. what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1.-A workpiece supporting unitforggrinding machines of the character described, said unit comprising a block, s plurality of sleeves rotatably mounted in the block and relatively to each other, a workpiece supporting tool detachable with 'respect w said unit, a -qick clamping device for retaining the tool in position in the unit, and means involving a pawl and ratchet structure rotatably mounted on the block for intermittently rotating said tool in said block.

2. A workpiece supporting unit for grinding comprising a block, a" plurality of sleeves rotatably mounted in the block and relatively to each other, itv workpiece -supporting tool detachable for retaining the tool in position in the unit, means involving a pawl and ratchet structure rotatably mounted on the block for intermittenly rotating said tool in said block. and

taining the tool in different positions against ac-` cidental displacement.

3. A workpiece supportmg uni't for grinding machines oi' the character described. said unit comprising a block, a plurality of sleeves ably mounted in the block and relatively to each other, va workpiece supporting tool detachable with respect to said unit, a quick clamping device for retaining the tool in` position' in the unit, means involving apawl and ratchet structure rotatably mounted on the block for intermittently rotating said tool in said block, means retaining the tool in different positions against accidental displacement, means manually adjusting the po;

sitionoftheunitinthemachine,andmeansfor Vbodily shutmg thermales of the una mine' 'which can then be drawn upwardly through the It will be apparentthat by slight alterations. substitutions and adjustments, the machine may. be

keying the chuck against rotation in the sleeve."

theinner end of the chuck being screw threaded.

arranged to grind any number-ni facetsV and ai'. 70

different angular positions on the resulting workpiece. Y 4

the linkage il! may be lengthened and shortened and the screw .l adjusted to in- In thisv connection, it will be under` machine 4.- A workpiece supporunaunit' for grinding.

machines of the class deribed. a workpiece supporting tool comprising a sleeve, a workpiece grip- Ding chuck in one end of the sleeve, means for land a chuck actuating member' engaging the threaded end of said chuck and having a milled head projecting beyond the other end of sleeve for clamping the workpiece in said chuck.

crease or decrease the swing of the swinging 15 ,5. Amachine for automaticsllyniovinga piece relative to a grinding wheel, comprising an elongated sliding frame for moving the workpiece acrossthe surface of the wheel, a freely' swinging frame pivoted at one end to the corresponding end of the sliding frame and swingable from a'position substantially paralleling the sliding frame to positions-at an inclination thereto in moving the workpiece toward and from said wheel, means for actuating the sliding frame, a workpiece holder mounted in the free end portion of the swinging frame, automatically actuated means for moving the swinging frame, upon the completion of a. predetermined operation on a workpiece supported in said holder, in changing the angular position of the holder in the swinging frame and with respect to said wheel, and means rotating said holder to bring another section of a workpiecer in position to engage said grinding wheel.

6. A machine for automatically moving a workpiece relative to a grinding wheel, comprising an elongated sliding frame for moving the workpiece across the surface of the wheel, a freely swinging frame pivoted at one end to the corresponding end of the sliding frame and swingable from a position substantially paralleling the slid-A ing frame to positions at an inclination thereto in moving the workpiece toward and from said wheel, means for actuating the sliding frame, a workpiece holder mounted in the free end portion of the Aswinging frame, automatically actuated means for moving the swinging frame, upon the completion of a predetermined operation on a workpiece supported in said holder, in changing the angular position of the holder in the vswinging frame and with respect to said wheel, means rotatingsaid holder to bring another section of a workpiece in position to engage said grinding wheel, and means for easing the movement of the workpiece into engagementwith the grinding wheel.

'7. A machine for automatically moving a workpiece relative to a grinding wheel, comprising an elongated sliding frame for moving the workpiece across the surface of the wheel, a freely swinging frame pivoted at one end to the corresponding end of the sliding frame and swingable from aposition substantially paralleling the sliding-frame to positions at an inclination thereto in moving the workpiece toward and from said wheel, means for actuating the sliding frame; a

workpiece holder mounted in the free end portion of the swinging frame, automatically actuated means for moving the swinging frame, upon the completion of a predetermined operation on a workpiece supported in said holder, in changing the angular position of the holder in the swinging frame and with respect to said wheel, means rotating said holder to bring another section of a workpiece in position to engage said grinding wheel, and said automaticallyactuated means including adjustable means controlling the movement of the workpiece in the direction of the grinding wheel.

8. In a machine forfmoving a workpiece reladetermined distance with respect to the surface of said element, for raising the workpiece out of engagement with said element, for rotating said member to bring a new section of the workpiece in position to engage the element and to change the angular position of said member with respect to said element preparatory to operating the new section of said workpiece over the surface of lsaid element.

9. In a machine for moving a workpiece relatively to a rotating element in controlling operations performed on the workpiece by said element, an elongated reciprocating frame moving the workpiece in a predetermined path over a surface of said element, an elongated swinging frame pivoted to one end of said reciprocating frame, a workpiece supporting member detachably mounted in the free end portion of said swinging frame, automatically actuated means, operated upon the movement of the workpiece a predetermined distance with respect to the surface of said element, for raising the workpiece out of engagement with said element, for rotating said member to bring a new section of the workpiece in position to engage the element and to change the angular position of said member with respect to said element preparatory to operating the new section of said workpiece over the surface of said element, and means easing the movement of the workpiece into engagement with said element.

l0. In a machine for reciprocating a workpiece backand forth over the surface of a shaping element and for moving the same toward and from said surface, a workpieve supporting member, a

block in which said member is mounted, means for reciprocating the block and member back and forth over a surface of said element, means man- -ually adjusting the block to regulate the angle of inclination of said member witlrrespect to the surface of said element, means rotatable in said block and intermittently coupled with said member for rotating said member to bring separate sections of a workpiece in position to engage said tively to a rotating element in controlling operations performed on the workpiece by said element, an elongated reciprocating frame moving the workpiece in a predetermined path over a surface of said element, an elongated swinging frame pivoted to one end of said reciprocating frame, a workpiece supporting member detachably mounted in the free end portion of said swinging frame, and automatically actuated means, operated-upon the movement of the workpiece a preelement, and means actuated simultaneously with bringing each new section of the workpiece in position to engage said element for shifting the block in changing the angular position of said member while maintaining said adjusted angle of inclination thereof.

1l. In a. machine for automatically forming a successive series of surfaces on a workpiece, a reciprocating frame, af swinging frame pivoted at one end to the corresponding end of the reciprocating frame, a workpiece holder adjustably mounted in the free end of said swinging frame, means for actuating said reciprocating frame, means in one cycle of operation of said reciprocating frame for automatically operating the swinging frame in moving the workpiece holder into inoperative position, and means for rotating said holder and simultaneously shifting the posiswinging frame in moving the workpiece holder into inoperative position, means for rotating said holder and simultaneously shifting the position of the holder in the swing frame while maintaining the adjusted position thereof preparatory to re- Vtions of a workpiece over the surface of a wheel in grinding and polishing said sections, a reciprocating frame, a swinging frame pivoted at one end to a corresponding end of the swinging frame, a workpiece holding unit movably supported in the other end of said swinging frame, a plunger in said swinging frame, means actuated in each reciprocating movement of said sliding frame for moving said plunger longitudinally with respect to the swinging frame and maintaining the swinging frame substantially parallel to the sliding frame, a pawl for checking movement of said plunger in controlling swinging movement of said swinging frame, and automatically actuated means controlling movement of said pawl into checking position upon completing the grinding and polishing of a section of the workpiece.

14. In a machine for moving a series of sections of a workpiece over the surface of a wheelin grinding and polishing said sections, a reciprocating frame, a swinging frame pivoted at one end to a corresponding end of the swinging frame, a workpiece holding unit movably supported in the other end of said swinging frame, a. plunger in said swinging frame, means actuated in each reciprocating movement of said sliding frame for moving said plunger longitudinally with respect to the swinging frame and maintaining the swinging frame substantially parallel to the sliding frame, a pawl for checking movement of said plunger in controlling swinging movement of said swinging frame, automatically actuated means controlling movement of said pawl into checking position upon completing the grinding and polishing of a section of the workpiece, and said last named means including an adjustable stop limiting movement of the workpiece in the direction of the surface of said wheel.

15. In a machine of the class described, a workpiece holding member detachable with said u nit, means for guiding said unit to move through an arcuate path, means manually adjusting the unit in supporting said member in predetermined angular position with respect to a surface over which the workpiece is operated, means for actuating said unit to reciprocate the workpiece over said surface, and means comprising a lever and a pair of pawls for automatically moving said unit in the arcuate path in intermittently changing the position of said member with respect to said surface at the termination of each series of reciprocating operations of the workpiece oversaid surface.

16. In a machine of the class described, a workpiece holding member detachable with said unit, means for guiding said unit to move through an arcuate path, means manually adjusting the unit in supporting said member in predetermined angular position with respect to a surface over which the workpiece is operated, means for actuating said unit to reciprocate the workpiece over of pawls for automatically moving said unit in the arcuate 'path in intermittently changing the position of said member with respect to said surface at the termination of each series of reciprocating operations of the workpiece over said surface, and means automatically rotating said member to move a new section of the workpiece in position to engage said surface in the arcuate movement of said unit.

17. In a machine for grinding a plurality of surfaces on a workpiece, a grinding wheel, a workpiece holder having a supporting member, means for automatically operating said holder to move the workpiece in said member toward and from the surface of said wheel, means for shifting the position of said member in said holder to bring different sections of the workpiece in position to engage said wheel, means for moving the workpiece relatively to the surface of the wheel in the grinding operation, means .limiting movement of the workpiece in the direction of the surface of the grinding wheel in completing a grinding operation on one surface of a workpiece, means for adjusting the holder to a predetermined angle of inclination to the surface of the wheel, and means for automatically shifting the angular position of the holder with respect to the grinding wheel while maintaining said predetermined angle of inclination in bringing the next surface of the' workpiece in position to engage said wheel.

18. In a machine for grinding a plurality oi' surfaces on a workpiece, a grinding wheel, a workpiece holder having a supporting member, means for automatically operating said holder to move the workpiece in said member toward and from the surface of said wheel, means for shiftlng the position of said member in said holder to bring different sections of the workpiece in position to` engage said wheel, means for moving the workpiece relatively to the surface of the wheel in the grinding operation, means limiting movement of the workpiece in the direction of the surface of the grinding wheel in completing a grinding operation on one surface of a workpiece, said last named means being adjustable, means for adjusting the holder to a predetermined angle of inclination to the surface of the wheel. and means for automatically shifting the angular position of the holder with respect to the grinding Wheel while maintaining said predetermined angle of inclination in bringing the iext surface of the workpiece in position to engage said wheel.

19. A machine for moving a workpiece relatively to a rotating element in controlling operations performed on the workpiece by said element, a reciprocating frame moving the workpiece in a predetermined path over a surface of said element, a workpiece operating unit mounted on said frame, a workpiece supporting member detachable with and rotatable in said unit, means adjusting the angle of inclination ofvsaid member with respect to said surface of said eley ment, means for automatically shifting the angagement with said element and to rotate said said surface, means comprising a lever and a pair 7g member in said unit to bring a new section of the workpiece in position to engage said element.

20. A machine for moving a workpiece relatively to a rotating element in controlling operations performed on the workpiece by said element, a reciprocating frame moving the workpiece in a predetermined path over a surface of said element, a workpiece operating unit mounted on said frame, a workpiece supporting member detachable with and rotatable in said unit, means adjusting the angle of inclination of said member with respect; to saidsurface of said ele-l ment, means for automatically shifting the angular position of theunit with respect to said element while maintaining the adjusted inclination of said member, .means for automatically moving the workpiece of said member outl of en-l gagement with said element and to rotate said member in said unit to bring a new section of the workpiece in position to engage said element, said unit being movable in the direction of said element in said reciprocating movement of the workpiece with respect to said element, and said last named means including adjustable means for checking movement of the unit in the direction of said element.

21. In a grinding machine, the combination with a shaping element and a member having means detachably supporting a workpiece at one end thereof, of means for automatically actuating said member in a series of operations in formmg diierent surfaces on said workpiece, said surface of said element, while maintaining said predetermined angle of inclination of the member, in grinding the diierent surfaces of said workpiece.

22. In a. grinding machine, the combination with a shaping element and a member having means detachably supporting a workpiece at one end thereof, of means for automatically actuating said member in a series of operations in formine.r diierent surfaces on said workpiece, said last named means comprising means for reciprocating said member relatively to said element, means to move said member toward and from said element, means to rotate said member to bring a different surface of the .workpiece therein into engagement withsaid element, means supporting said member at a predetermined angle of inclinationwith respect to the surface of said element over which the workpiece passes, means for intermittently shifting the angular position of said Vmember with respect to said surface of said element,- while maintaining said predetermined angle of inclination of the member, in grinding the diierent surfaces of said workpiece, and means for manually adjusting the angle of inclination of said member with respect to said surface of said element.

forming different surfaces on said workpiece, said lastnamed means comprising meansfor reciprocating said member relatively to said element, means to move said member toward and from said element, means to rotate said member. t

bring a different surface of the workpiece therein into engagement with said element, means supporting said member at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to the surface of said element over which the workpiece passes, means for intermittently shifting the angular position of said member with respect to said surface of said element, while maintaining said predetermined angle of inclination of the member, in grinding the different surfaces of said workpiece, means for slowly moving the workpiece into engagement with said surface of said element, and adjustable'means for checking movement of the work piece in the direction of said surface.

24. In a machine for grinding and polishing a predetermined number of facets on a precious stone, the combination with a grinding and pol` ishing wheel, of means for reciprocating a stone over a surface of said Wheel a number of ti-mes in grinding each facet, automatically actuated means for moving the stone out of engagement with the wheel upon the formation of a facet on one section of the stone and then moving another section of the stone into engagement with said wheel, said last named means comprising a member supported at predetermined inclination to the surface of said wheel, and means for shifting said member to 'diierent angular positions with respect to said wheel surface while maintaining said inclination of said member.

25. In a machine for grinding and polishing a predetermined number of facets on a precious stone, the combination with a grinding and polishing wheel, of means for reciprocating a stone over a surface of said wheel a number of times said inclination of said member, said second 'l named means including an adjustable stop limiting movement of the stone in the direction of said wheel surface, and means for manually adjusting the angle of inclination of said member with respect to the surface of said wheel.

26. In a machine of the class described, the` combination with a shaping element, of a workpiece mechanism for moving a workpiece supported therein toward and from, and back and forth over the surface of said shaping element,

said mechanism comprisinga workpiece supporting member having a predetermined angle of inclination to the' surface of `said shaping element, means for rotating the member in bringing different sections of the workpiece therein in position to engage said element, mea-ns shifting the angular position of said member to the element while maintaining said predeterminedl angle of inclination, means imparting. back and forth reciprocating, movement to said mechanism, and adjustable means. checking movement of the mechanism in the direction of said element in.

controlling operation of theshaping element upon the respective sections of the workpiece in the several back and forth reciprocating movements of the respective sections` of the workpiece l,over

said element. AARON SIMONSi