US2356090A - Axminster loom - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 15, 1944. Q B v 2,356,090

AXMINSTER LOOM Filed Sept. 4, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l 'INVENTOR WALTER Y Rose Aug. 15, 1944. w. Y. ROBE AXMINSTER LOOM Filgd Sept. 4, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTOR WALTER Y Rose @MJ A-rronuzv Aug. 15, 1944. w. Y. ROB B v 2,356,090

AXMINSTER LOOM Filed Sept. 4, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 luvenroR WALTER Y Roaa ATTo a N av Patented Aug. 15, 1944 AXMINSTER LOOM Walter Y. Robb, Whitinsville, Mass, assignor to Crompton & Knowles Loom Works, Worcester,

Mass.,a corporation of Massachusetts Application'september 4, 1942, Serial No. 457,252

1 Claim (o1. 139-18) This is a continuationirr part of my co-pen'din'g application Serial No. 417,608, filed November 3,1941, now Pat'ent'No. 2,306,279.

This invention relates toimp'rovements' in Axminsterlooms and'more particularly to the'mechanism which can be used on such looms for caus- 'ing the pattern to appear on the back of the fabric.

It has'been proposed heretofore to use a series of plates aligned with'the reed dents to refine guide aisles .for the tuft yarns which project from the tube frame. As heretofore constructed, however, the plates have moved around anaxis eccentric with respect to the layer reed axis and there has been a resultant relative angular motion between the adjacent edges of the reed dents and the guide plates as the lay moved forwardly. In order to effect most efiicient guiding of the yarn the reed and plates should be very close to each other, but a close enough setting to satisfy the requirement for correctguiding of the tuft yarns when the lay is in one position ,will cause contact between the reed dents and the plates when the lay is in a ,differentposition, with .theresult that I laterally projecting fibers are caught between the reed dents and the platesand the tuftyarns are held down when they should curve upwardly to form tufts It is an important object of my present invention to mount the guide ,plateson the same axis as thataround which the .reeddents move. By this construction adjacentedges. of .the .reed dents and plates .can be located close enough ;to effect correct yarn guiding landwwill preserve this .relationship throughout the .forwardsbeat of the :lay without danger of pinching. or holding. stray :fibers on the tuft yarns.

The lays .of Axminster looms are moved by a cam which, in a three shot- Axminster, will beat the layup 'to front center three timesfor eachrotation of the cam. The guide plates'come into action duringbut oneof the threebeats, or when tufts are being formed. It is a-further object of my invention to cause the cam surface which beats the lay forward on tuft forming beats also to move the -guide plates forwardly from the rear position to which they are movedbyanother'cam preparatory to tuft formation.

' In looms of the type to whichmy'presen t invention more particulary relates 'there is employed a notched nose board'in the slots of which fibers and cut portions of the tuft yarns *tend to accumulate. "When such material is packed into the noseboard slots 'itinterferes with the proper motion of the guideplates. It is another object of my present inventiontoprovidethe'nose board with guide feet which have permanent g-u'rding relation with the .upper rear part of the guide -plates but which will extend downwardly =b'el'ow the body of the nose board to define an open space through which the major part of the upper edges of the guide plates move. By this-construction the guide plates carry the greater part of the fiber from positions in the nose board slots to the open space in-f-ront of thefeet, there'byavoi'ding packing of fibers and cut tuft ends'in-to the slots.

As heretofore constructed the under sides of the nose boards have had grooves which were extensions of the slots between "the feet of the nose board teeth to receive theguide'plates. The fibers have a tendency to accumulate in these grooves and it is a further object of my present invention to formithe-under side of thenose board with a smooth surfaceiandrely-upon the depending feet of theteeth' to perform the guiding function for the plates formerly effected by the notches.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, my invention resides inthe combinationa-nd arrangement of ,parts hereinafter described and set forth.

In the accompanying drawingswh'ereinaconvenient embodiment of my invention isset forth,

Fig. '1 is a side elevation of part .of' an Axminester loom having my invention applied thereto,

the .laysha'ft being shown in section,

Fig. 2 is a front elevation taken in :the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 1, showing the supports for the reed and separator guide plates,

Fig. 3 is a verticalsection through aportion of the nose board .taken parallel to the warp t adato e er w h o i n o su d pla e.

Fig. 4 is abottom plan yiew looking in the direction of arrow h liig. 3,

Fig. 5 is -a yiewqsimilarto Fig. ,1;on a reduced sc le sh wing thcqnemfinacamfor the Jay and uid p t s, p t :be ng .somitted ,Fig. 6 .is :a .front elevation "looking ,in :the Idirection of arrow :6,:Fig. 5,

:Fig. 7,is,:a viewsimilartotpart 'of Fig.1,on areduced scale showing th reed and guide plates in rear position, and r Fig. 8-is -a detail of a-portion of Fi'g.-'5,sliowing the safety attachment which prevents "eng gement of the reed with 'the separator or ,guide plates.

The attached drawings show only that part of tion along the shaft 25. n

an Axminster loom to which my invention more particularly relates; For a fuller understanding of other parts of the loom and also for the relation between the reed dents and the guide plates reference may be had to Patent No. 1,958,129.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, the breast beam supports a cloth board ll having rearwardly projecting teeth 12 separated by slots or spaces 13 which receive the dents l4 of the reed designated generally at R. The upper rear part of each tooth is formed'with a hook 15 which projects above the fiat top surface [6 of the cloth board.

The reed is mounted on an elongated angle member 11 secured to arms l8 which extend upwardly from split hubs 19 having front and back sections 20 and 2|, respectively, held together by bolts 22. The split hubs, one of which is shown in the drawings, are clamped firmly to the lay shaft so that the reed oscillates toward and from the cloth board between the dotted and full line positions of Fig. 1 when the shaft 25 oscillates to the left and to the right, respectively. The lay has a complete reciprocation for each beat of the loom, or for each insertion and retraction of the weft needle N indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 5.

The tube frame 26 may be of the usual form and has depending therefrom yarn tubes 21 from the lower ends of which project the tuft forming color yarns 28. By means of mechanism not shown herein the tube frame is dipped through the warp shed defined by the upper and lower binder warps B and 32, respectively, after which the yarn tubes move forwardly in the usual manner to cause the tuft yarns to approach the teeth ofthe nose board, The reed then moves forwardly to beat up the pick of filling behind the tuft yarns andthe latter over and to positions in front of the hooks I5. Inactual practice the tube frame operating mechanism is so adjusted as to cause the lower ends of the yarn tubes 21 to move close to and in front of the reed'dents I4 as the tuft yarn is dipped through the warp shed.

In order that'the tuft yarns 28 may be guided to their respective teeth 12 there is provided a series of guide plates 30 shaped substantially as shown in Fig. 1 and mounted on a carrier 31 supported by an angle bar 32 extending across the loom. The bar 32 is mounted on spaced arms 33 and caused to move backwardly and forwardly by means of a'vertically reciprocating rod 34 in such a manner as to move the plates 30 rearwardly when the reed is near back center position and after the tuftyarns have been dipped through the warp sheds.

The matter thus far described, except as indicated hereinafter, may be substantially the same as set forth in the previously mentioned patent and operates in well-known manner.

In carrying one feature of my present invention into effect I provide an improved mounting for the spaced arms 33 and guide plates 30, this mounting consisting of'a bearing 40 on shaft 25 for each arm 33 and preferably split to have front and back parts 41 and 42, respectively, which are held together by bolts 43. The bolts do not clamp the bearing tightly on the shaft 25 but permit free rotation of the arms 33 around the shaft independently of motion of any part carried by the shaft, such as the reed, Collars 45 may be secured to the shaft 25 to hold the split bearings 40 of the arms 33 in correct longitudinal posi- In the operation of this part of my invention the guide plates 30 swing around the axis of the reed and there is therefore no change in angular position between the rear edges 50 of the plates 30 and the front edges 5| of the reed dents when the plates and dents move forwardly together. During forward motion of the reed and guide plates the tuft yarns slide up the rear surfaces of teeth I2, and as they pass over the hooks l5 they are curved upwardly. By preserving the angular relationship mentioned I eliminate the possibility of pinching fibers projecting from the tuft yarns between the aligned reed dents and plates, thereby allowing the tuft yarns 28 to curve upwardly'without hindrance.

Another feature of my invention relates to the mechanism for moving the guide plates and the relation of this mechanism to the lay. As shown in Fig." 5 the shaft 24 has secured thereto a cam web 46 having three spaced cam tappets 41 located for engagement with a lay actuating lever 48 movable about a fixed pivot 49. There are severalcam webs 'and levers 48. arranged along the width of the loom and each lever will be connected by a link 52 to the bottom of an arm 53 depending from a hub 19. When shaft 24 completes a rotation in the direction of arrow a, Fig. 5, the lay will be given three complete reciprocations by the cam tappets 41. During the cycle of loom operations the lay will be in rear position on back center by reason of dwell 54 on plate 46 long enough to permit the previously described dipping of the tube frame. A heavy spring SR is connected to a fixed part of the loom and also to link 52 and acts to hold lever 48'yieldingly against the cam points and dwells on web 46.

A second cam 55 also securedto shaft 24 has a point 56 for cooperation with a lever 51 also pivoted at 49 and connected at its upper end to a forwardly extending link 58 which is attached to an arm 59 secured to a rocking shaft 63. The lower end of the rods 34' are connected to horizontal arms '31 secured to shaft 60.

A member 62 secured to shaft 25, shown here as a forwardly extending arm, is connected to a rod 63 having a slot 64 in its lower end to receive a pin 65 on an arm 66 secured to shaft 60. The arms 62 and 66 are angularly adjustable on their respective shafts. By reason of the pivotal connection 61 between arm 62 and rod 63 the latter rises and falls with the oscillation of shaft 25. Under normal conditions when the guide plates 30 are forward and the reed is in rear position the arms 61 and 6B and rods 34 will be down, being held yieldingly in this position by spring 68 connecting one .of the rods 34 with a fixed part of the loom frame, as shown in Fig. 5. Arm'62 and link 63 will be up with pin 65 in the bottom of slot 64, as shown in full lines, Fig. 8.

In the operation of this second feature of my invention spring SR will hold the lay back with lever 48 against dwell 54. Asshaft 24 turns cam point 56 will come into action While the reed is still in rear position and will move lever 51 rearwardly to rock shaft 60 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 to raise rods 34 against the action of spring 68 and move the guide Plates from the full to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 1. During this rearward motion of the guide plates and rocking of shaft 60 arm 66 will rise to move pin 65 upwardly in slot 64 to a position near the upper end thereof. After the plates have reached their rearmost position lever 51 starts At the 'sametifme the active 'tappetfl moves lever 48 rearwardly 'to'cause forward movement of the lay. The cam point 56 and tappet 41 near it, together with their levers, are so proportioned that the plates and reed move forwardly together to maintain the edges 55 and 5| in closeproximity throughout their forward movement. -A dwell 65 on cam 55 permits the plates '30 to remain in forward position on the next two picks of the loom.

In this normal forward movement of the reed and plates 30 the link 63 and arm 66-will both descend together, starting fromthe dotted line position of Fig. 8, and pin 65 will remain spaced slightly from the top of slot 64 as these two parts move down. If spring 68 stretches, or breaks, or if any part which connects it operatively to plates 30, should break, or if for any reason the plates 30 should stick in rear position, forward movement of the reed will cause link 63 to descend into engagement with pin 65, after which the plates 30 will be moved forwardly by a positive force derived from shaft 25 and transmitted through arm 62, link 63, pin 65 and arm 66 to shaft 60. The pin and slot are so related to point 56 and its lever as to cause the movement of plates 30 by arm 62 slightly later than normal and lever 51 Will not be forced against cam point 56.

The structure shown in Fig. 8 is therefore seen to act in the nature of a safety device to move the plates 30 positively if their operating mechanism fails and thus prevent the reed from exerting enough force on the plates to move them. A further advantage derived from the use of the structure shown in Fig. 8 occurs when looms are operated at high speed. Under such conditions lever 51 may be given such a rapid rearward movement by cam point 5 3 as to override its proper stroke, in which case the rods 34 would be given an excess upward movement tending to throw the plates against the reed. The slot 64 is so related to pin 65 which moves with the plates however that any such excess movement of the latter will be arrested by engagement of the pin with the link 63 at the top of the slot 64. The link, being connected to member 62 cooperates with the pin to provide a stop means to limit rearward movement of the plates.

Another feature of my invention relates to the cloth board I I, more particularly the shape of the teeth 12 and the under side of that part of the cloth board in front of the teeth. When the reed moves to the full line position shown in Fig. 1 in order to form tufts any fibers which have been broken away from the tuft yarns are moved forwardly into the slots l3. After continued use cloth boards as heretofore constructed have become clogged with these fibers sufficiently to interfere with the proper motion of the guide plates and reed dents. In order to allow the major part of these fibers to fall out of the slots l3 I form each tooth l2 with a depending foot 16 the for- Ward lower corner of which extends in front of the edges 50 and below the top H of the plates 30 when the latter are in their foremost position as shown in Fig. 3. The plates 30 are therefore always in register with the slots [3 and will be guided by their teeth into correct alignment with the reed dents.

The forward edge 12 of each foot extends upwardly to a point considerably above the top edge H of the plates 36 to define an open space 13 into which fibers can be moved by the reed dents. That part of the under side of the cloth board in front of the shoulders 15 which define the front limits of the slots 4'3 is smooth as maicated at 16'inFig'; rand therefore offers no projections or pockets to receive the fibers. Surface v 1-6 ca-n be smoothsincedt doe's not serve herein to guide theplates -30; that-function being performed by slots I3 and the feet "iii. Because of the location ofthe' ax'is-of shaft 25 with respect to the cloth: board an'd the reed dents the latter are given a sli'ght downward motion as they approach front center position the effect of which is-to move fiberswhich-may have accumulated in-the upper forward parts of slots l3 downwardly into :the space 13. y

In the operation of this feature of my invention'thereed edges '5'l willmove forwardly to the line a-a, Fig. 3 to keep those portions of the slots l3 behind the line a-a substantially clear of lint and fibers. When the plates 30 are moved rearwardly their upper edges will move along an arc bb, Fig. 3 to keep all portions of the slots therebelow clear of lint accumulations. The only part of slot l3 not actually traversed by the reed dents or the plates 30 is that portion lying in front of line a--a and above are bb, but this section is made quite narrow by reason of the opening or notch 13. When the plates 30 move forwardly, or to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, from the dotted line position to the full line position their front advancing edges, and also their tops, will move downwardly along the inclined arc 11-11 to drag lint or accumulations out of the upper forward parts of the slots l3 into the space or notch 13 prior to arrival of the reed dents to their foremost position. The under surface 16 lies close to the arc bb, and there is consequently very little space in which any substantial mass of lint can accumulate under the cloth board.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided means for causing the plates 30 and the reed dents to move forwardly without substantial relative angular motion during a guiding operation with respect to the tuft yarns 28. The parallel motion of the edges 50 and 5| at this period in the loom cycle subjects the tuft yarns to a minimum of disturbance, thereby reducing the likelihood that lint or fibers will be torn from the color yarn to arrive ultimately into the slots l3, when the plates 30 move rearwardly and the tuft yarns are inclined toward the reed, as seen in Fig. '7. This parallel relationship also makes it possible to locate the surfaces 50 and 5| very close together without likelihood that any of the tuft yarns will be held down by pinching of protrudin fibers between the reed dents and the plates 30. It will also be seen that the cam point 56 and point 41 adjacent thereto are so formed as to control the reed and guide plates and effect the parallel relationship already described. Furthermore, the link 63 andpin 65 operate in case of breakage of spring 68 to move the plates 30 forwardly to prevent objectionable contact between them and the reed, but the parts 63 and 65 do not interfere with the normal operation of the cam points which control the plates and reed. These parts 63 and 65 also prevent objectionable overtravel of the plates toward the reed. It will also be seen that the under side of the cloth board has a smooth surface 16 in front of notch 13 and the latter extends upwardly above are bb and in front of the line a-a, as indicated in Fig. 3, thereby facilitating removal of those fibers which do not lie directly in the path of movement of either the reed dents or the plates 30. Also, the forward portions of the teeth I0 on the cloth boardare in permanent guiding relation with respectto the plates 30. Having thus describedmy invention it willbe seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wish to bevlimited to the details herein disclosed but what I claim is:

In an Axminster loom having tube frames from which project tuft' yarns, a lay having spaced reed dents and. a member secured thereto, lay actuating means to reciprocate the layvand cause the reed dents to move backwardly and'forwardly, spaced guide plates in front of the lay, each plate aligned with one of the reed dents,

to and moving with the guide plates and a second part for engagement with the first part and connected to said member on the lay, one of said parts being a rod with a slot therein and. the other part projecting into the slot, said stop means limiting movement of the guide plates toward the reed dents.

WALTER Y. ROBB.

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