Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins

Definitions

• This invention relates to long-chained parafilns and more particularly to filaments, fibers, foils and films.
• parafiins by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. Also by direct hydrogenation of coal or coal-hydrocarbon mixtures it is possible to obtain parafiins of various chain lengths. When hydrogenating hitherto under pressure, one had in view benzines and paraffins with short chains only, as long-chained high molecular products were of no commercial value. In the laboratory there have already been prepared parafllns of very large chain length containing for instance 700-900 carbon atoms. Such paraflins are obtained in relatively good output by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide with ruthenium as catalyst (see Brennstoff-Chemie, volume 19, No. 12, pages 226-30, June 15, 1938). These parafiins have melting points of above 130 C. and may attain a chain length of more than 700 carbon atoms, if the hydrogenation is properly directed. Technical importance, however, was not obtained by these products.
• This invention has as an object the preparation of new filaments, fibers and the like.
• a still further object is the preparation of films, foils and sheets for various purposes.
• the fibers may be prepared by spinning from the solution.
• the solvent may be removed either by a precipitating bath or it may be evaporated according to a known dry-spinning-process.
• the fibers obtained according to this spinning process are advantageously subjected while still in a plastic state to an extensive drawing process, in order to increase their tenacity.
• ning of fibers directly from the melt is the process according to U. S. Patent application Ser. No. 220,236, filed July 20, 1938. According to this process the material is fed to the spinning nozzle in a solid state and then continuously melted near the nozzle at a suitable speed and pressed through the spinning nozzle in a molten state. It has been found that fibers spun in this way directly from the melt may be oriented at a temperature below their melting point by cold drawing, i. e. the fibers possess a very high plastic elasticitywhich may be eliminated to any extent by drawing at ordinary temperature (cold drawing). In this way the fibers may be drawn into very fine filaments.
• the fibers according to the present invention are very suitable for all textile purposes, in which, however, resistance towards high temperatures is not so much required.
• the fibers are still resistant to boiling.
• the softening point lies at above 0., the melting point at above C. If high molecular parafiins With a carbon chain of 700-900 and more carbon atoms are used, not only the resistance of the fibers towards high temperature is increased considerably, but also their tenacity. With molecular weights above 10,000 the tenacity of the fibers reaches that of cotton and natural silk. At still higher molecular weights the tenacity of cotton and natural silk is even surpassed.
• Films and foils may also be cast from solutions or from the melt or may be drawn in a plasticized state.
• a further possibility for the manufacture of sheets consists in a method by which they are machine-turned from blocks. During the manufacturing process there may be added to the parafiines modifying agents, such as plasticizers, pigments, fillers and the like.
• the so called cold drawing is preferably executed in several directions, whereby in the foils an orientation of the molecules in different directions is produced, thereby improving the tenacity and elasticity of the foils. It is also possible to effect this orientation of the molecules by rolling. A relatively thick foil is rolled Especially useful for the spin-,
• the fibers obtained according t the new process are very suitable for technical purposes on account of their resistance towards chemicals. By a thermoplastic forming process it is therefore possible to produce technically valuable filters consisting of one or several fiber layers. The fibers are also completely insensitive towards rotting and are therefore suitable for electric insulation. fishing nets, ropes, sails and similar structures.
• the fibers and filaments according to the present invention may also be used for folding hoods of motor cars and similar purposes. Either mechanically or by swelling and afterwards shrinking a permanent crimp may be imparted to the fibers.
• the endless ribbons may be converted into staple fibers by tearing or cutting in the usual way.
• the application of the films and foils according to this invention is very various.
• the material prevents extensively diifusion of moisture through the foils. It istherefore most suitable for wrapping foils-especially for food products.
• the material may also serve as support for photographic films and may be useful as carrier for the light sensitive substance. Most remarkable aseasas is the low degree of swelling capacity in water.
• the electric properties of the foils make it possible to use them for electric insulations, for instance for cables, condensers and the like. It is also within the scope of this invention to use them as tubes, such as skins for sausages which are technically manufactured in large quantitim.
• the foils may also be used as binding sheets for shatter-proof-glass.
• An article of manufacture comprising fibers, films, foils, ribbons, and the like of high molecular parafilns containing more than 400 chaincarbon-atoms, said paraflins corresponding to the formula CnHzn+2, being insoluble in boiling benzene but soluble in boiling toluene, having a melting point of above 0., and prepared by hydrogenating under pressure a carbonaceous material selected from the group consisting of coal and carbon monoxide.
• An artificialfiber comprising high molecular parafllns containing more than 400 chaincarbon-atoms, said parafiln corresponding to the general formula CnH2n+2, being insoluble in boiling benzene but soluble in boiling toluene, having a melting point above 130 C., and prepared by hydrogenating under pressure a'carbonaceous material selected from the group consisting of coal and carbon monoxide, said fiber possessing molecular orientation along the fiber axis.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=32109022

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (13)

Families Citing this family (3)

• 1940
  • 1940-06-18 US US341183A patent/US2352328A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1940-11-11 BE BE439730D patent/BE439730A/xx unknown
  • 1940-11-27 NL NL99669A patent/NL56083C/xx active
  • 1940-11-30 BE BE439506D patent/BE439506A/xx unknown
  • 1940-12-07 US US369127A patent/US2351345A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1941
  • 1941-10-02 FR FR875712D patent/FR875712A/fr not_active Expired
• 1942
  • 1942-10-05 FR FR52499D patent/FR52499E/fr not_active Expired

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