US2352328A - Artificial filament, fiber, and foil - Google Patents
Artificial filament, fiber, and foil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2352328A US2352328A US341183A US34118340A US2352328A US 2352328 A US2352328 A US 2352328A US 341183 A US341183 A US 341183A US 34118340 A US34118340 A US 34118340A US 2352328 A US2352328 A US 2352328A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- foils
- fiber
- foil
- tenacity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
Definitions
- This invention relates to long-chained parafilns and more particularly to filaments, fibers, foils and films.
- parafiins by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. Also by direct hydrogenation of coal or coal-hydrocarbon mixtures it is possible to obtain parafiins of various chain lengths. When hydrogenating hitherto under pressure, one had in view benzines and paraffins with short chains only, as long-chained high molecular products were of no commercial value. In the laboratory there have already been prepared parafllns of very large chain length containing for instance 700-900 carbon atoms. Such paraflins are obtained in relatively good output by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide with ruthenium as catalyst (see Brennstoff-Chemie, volume 19, No. 12, pages 226-30, June 15, 1938). These parafiins have melting points of above 130 C. and may attain a chain length of more than 700 carbon atoms, if the hydrogenation is properly directed. Technical importance, however, was not obtained by these products.
- This invention has as an object the preparation of new filaments, fibers and the like.
- a still further object is the preparation of films, foils and sheets for various purposes.
- the fibers may be prepared by spinning from the solution.
- the solvent may be removed either by a precipitating bath or it may be evaporated according to a known dry-spinning-process.
- the fibers obtained according to this spinning process are advantageously subjected while still in a plastic state to an extensive drawing process, in order to increase their tenacity.
- ning of fibers directly from the melt is the process according to U. S. Patent application Ser. No. 220,236, filed July 20, 1938. According to this process the material is fed to the spinning nozzle in a solid state and then continuously melted near the nozzle at a suitable speed and pressed through the spinning nozzle in a molten state. It has been found that fibers spun in this way directly from the melt may be oriented at a temperature below their melting point by cold drawing, i. e. the fibers possess a very high plastic elasticitywhich may be eliminated to any extent by drawing at ordinary temperature (cold drawing). In this way the fibers may be drawn into very fine filaments.
- the fibers according to the present invention are very suitable for all textile purposes, in which, however, resistance towards high temperatures is not so much required.
- the fibers are still resistant to boiling.
- the softening point lies at above 0., the melting point at above C. If high molecular parafiins With a carbon chain of 700-900 and more carbon atoms are used, not only the resistance of the fibers towards high temperature is increased considerably, but also their tenacity. With molecular weights above 10,000 the tenacity of the fibers reaches that of cotton and natural silk. At still higher molecular weights the tenacity of cotton and natural silk is even surpassed.
- Films and foils may also be cast from solutions or from the melt or may be drawn in a plasticized state.
- a further possibility for the manufacture of sheets consists in a method by which they are machine-turned from blocks. During the manufacturing process there may be added to the parafiines modifying agents, such as plasticizers, pigments, fillers and the like.
- the so called cold drawing is preferably executed in several directions, whereby in the foils an orientation of the molecules in different directions is produced, thereby improving the tenacity and elasticity of the foils. It is also possible to effect this orientation of the molecules by rolling. A relatively thick foil is rolled Especially useful for the spin-,
- the fibers obtained according t the new process are very suitable for technical purposes on account of their resistance towards chemicals. By a thermoplastic forming process it is therefore possible to produce technically valuable filters consisting of one or several fiber layers. The fibers are also completely insensitive towards rotting and are therefore suitable for electric insulation. fishing nets, ropes, sails and similar structures.
- the fibers and filaments according to the present invention may also be used for folding hoods of motor cars and similar purposes. Either mechanically or by swelling and afterwards shrinking a permanent crimp may be imparted to the fibers.
- the endless ribbons may be converted into staple fibers by tearing or cutting in the usual way.
- the application of the films and foils according to this invention is very various.
- the material prevents extensively diifusion of moisture through the foils. It istherefore most suitable for wrapping foils-especially for food products.
- the material may also serve as support for photographic films and may be useful as carrier for the light sensitive substance. Most remarkable aseasas is the low degree of swelling capacity in water.
- the electric properties of the foils make it possible to use them for electric insulations, for instance for cables, condensers and the like. It is also within the scope of this invention to use them as tubes, such as skins for sausages which are technically manufactured in large quantitim.
- the foils may also be used as binding sheets for shatter-proof-glass.
- An article of manufacture comprising fibers, films, foils, ribbons, and the like of high molecular parafilns containing more than 400 chaincarbon-atoms, said paraflins corresponding to the formula CnHzn+2, being insoluble in boiling benzene but soluble in boiling toluene, having a melting point of above 0., and prepared by hydrogenating under pressure a carbonaceous material selected from the group consisting of coal and carbon monoxide.
- An artificialfiber comprising high molecular parafllns containing more than 400 chaincarbon-atoms, said parafiln corresponding to the general formula CnH2n+2, being insoluble in boiling benzene but soluble in boiling toluene, having a melting point above 130 C., and prepared by hydrogenating under pressure a'carbonaceous material selected from the group consisting of coal and carbon monoxide, said fiber possessing molecular orientation along the fiber axis.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2352328X | 1939-08-03 | ||
DE2351345X | 1939-12-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2352328A true US2352328A (en) | 1944-06-27 |
Family
ID=32109022
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US341183A Expired - Lifetime US2352328A (en) | 1939-08-03 | 1940-06-18 | Artificial filament, fiber, and foil |
US369127A Expired - Lifetime US2351345A (en) | 1939-08-03 | 1940-12-07 | Process for the production of artificial filaments, fibers, and foils |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US369127A Expired - Lifetime US2351345A (en) | 1939-08-03 | 1940-12-07 | Process for the production of artificial filaments, fibers, and foils |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US2352328A (es) |
BE (2) | BE439730A (es) |
FR (2) | FR875712A (es) |
NL (1) | NL56083C (es) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416390A (en) * | 1943-02-25 | 1947-02-25 | Du Pont | Free fall fiber |
US2495286A (en) * | 1949-06-08 | 1950-01-24 | Du Pont | Interpolymers of carbon monoxide and method for preparing the same |
US2499756A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1950-03-07 | Du Pont | Mixture of polyethylene with hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
US2535060A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1950-12-26 | Du Pont | Catalytic process for preparing alcohols |
US2594547A (en) * | 1948-05-14 | 1952-04-29 | Karl A Fischer | Fabric material provided with paraffin coating |
US2632014A (en) * | 1951-11-03 | 1953-03-17 | Du Pont | Process for preparing high molecular weight hydrocarbons |
US2652372A (en) * | 1951-07-10 | 1953-09-15 | Du Pont | Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to orientable, essentially hydrocarbon polymers |
US2671767A (en) * | 1949-10-13 | 1954-03-09 | Ici Ltd | Condensation of 1-diazoalkanes |
US2816883A (en) * | 1951-08-02 | 1957-12-17 | Du Pont | Product and process of polymerizing ethylene |
US2817577A (en) * | 1954-03-10 | 1957-12-24 | Du Pont | Hydrated molybdenum(iii) phosphate and its preparation |
US2957225A (en) * | 1956-05-04 | 1960-10-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Fiber of poly |
US3098697A (en) * | 1956-12-12 | 1963-07-23 | Dichloroethane | |
DE1173018B (de) * | 1956-05-17 | 1964-06-25 | Bayer Ag | Verpackungsfolien aus hochmolekularen thermoplastischen Polycarbonaten |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2500533A (en) * | 1946-09-06 | 1950-03-14 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of solid hydrocarbons |
US2746983A (en) * | 1951-01-23 | 1956-05-22 | Ruhrchemie Ag | Production of commerical paraffin waxes |
US3054652A (en) * | 1957-08-28 | 1962-09-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Isotactic polypropylene melt spinning process |
-
1940
- 1940-06-18 US US341183A patent/US2352328A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1940-11-11 BE BE439730D patent/BE439730A/xx unknown
- 1940-11-27 NL NL99669A patent/NL56083C/xx active
- 1940-11-30 BE BE439506D patent/BE439506A/xx unknown
- 1940-12-07 US US369127A patent/US2351345A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1941
- 1941-10-02 FR FR875712D patent/FR875712A/fr not_active Expired
-
1942
- 1942-10-05 FR FR52499D patent/FR52499E/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416390A (en) * | 1943-02-25 | 1947-02-25 | Du Pont | Free fall fiber |
US2499756A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1950-03-07 | Du Pont | Mixture of polyethylene with hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
US2594547A (en) * | 1948-05-14 | 1952-04-29 | Karl A Fischer | Fabric material provided with paraffin coating |
US2495286A (en) * | 1949-06-08 | 1950-01-24 | Du Pont | Interpolymers of carbon monoxide and method for preparing the same |
US2535060A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1950-12-26 | Du Pont | Catalytic process for preparing alcohols |
US2671767A (en) * | 1949-10-13 | 1954-03-09 | Ici Ltd | Condensation of 1-diazoalkanes |
US2652372A (en) * | 1951-07-10 | 1953-09-15 | Du Pont | Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to orientable, essentially hydrocarbon polymers |
US2816883A (en) * | 1951-08-02 | 1957-12-17 | Du Pont | Product and process of polymerizing ethylene |
US2632014A (en) * | 1951-11-03 | 1953-03-17 | Du Pont | Process for preparing high molecular weight hydrocarbons |
US2817577A (en) * | 1954-03-10 | 1957-12-24 | Du Pont | Hydrated molybdenum(iii) phosphate and its preparation |
US2957225A (en) * | 1956-05-04 | 1960-10-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Fiber of poly |
DE1173018B (de) * | 1956-05-17 | 1964-06-25 | Bayer Ag | Verpackungsfolien aus hochmolekularen thermoplastischen Polycarbonaten |
US3098697A (en) * | 1956-12-12 | 1963-07-23 | Dichloroethane |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR52499E (es) | 1945-04-16 |
NL56083C (es) | 1944-04-15 |
BE439506A (es) | 1941-04-15 |
FR875712A (fr) | 1942-10-01 |
BE439730A (es) | 1940-12-31 |
US2351345A (en) | 1944-06-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2352328A (en) | Artificial filament, fiber, and foil | |
US2185789A (en) | Thread and fiber of organic thermoplastic materials and process of producing the same | |
US2404714A (en) | Polymer products | |
US3097991A (en) | Synthetic fibrous products | |
US3582418A (en) | Production of crimped thermoplastic fibers | |
US2210774A (en) | Fibers from ethylene polymers | |
US2420565A (en) | Synthetic textile articles | |
GB2051667A (en) | Preparing polyethylene filaments | |
US2323383A (en) | Production of artificial materials | |
DE2447114B2 (de) | Verfahren zur erzeugung von fibrillen | |
US2658879A (en) | Acrylonitrile polymers dissolved in solvent mixtures comprising nitromethane and water | |
DE2703051A1 (de) | Hydrophile polyesterfaeden | |
Meredith | The structures and properties of fibres | |
IE40432L (en) | Synthetic filamentary materials | |
US2784135A (en) | Process for the manufacture of polyacrylonitrile films and laminates | |
US4913870A (en) | Process for preparing polyacrylonitrile filaments having high tensile strength and modulus | |
US4264670A (en) | Non-woven fabric made from polybutadiene | |
CN113614297A (zh) | 添加有木质素的合成聚合物纤维、其获得方法及其用于制造纺织产品的用途 | |
KR910003170A (ko) | 폴리프로필렌이 많이 산포된 플랙시필라멘트 섬유, 그 제조용 도프 및 그 제조방법 | |
US2351090A (en) | Process of preparing rubber-coated artificial filaments | |
DE763277C (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faeden aus Filmen von Kunststoffen | |
US3819769A (en) | Split fibers from blends of polypropylene and polyethylene | |
US3624194A (en) | Production of split fibers | |
US1864426A (en) | Delustered regenerated cellulose | |
DE2005603A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung faltbarer Formgegenstände |