US2350970A - Rotor - Google Patents

Description

C. E. TACK JuneY 6, 1944.

ROTOR 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept C. E. TACK June 6, 1944.

ROTOR Filed Sept. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. BY Uf-ZETQZ/,

June 6, 1944. c. E. TACK 2,350,970

RoToR l Filed Sepp. 8, 1941 s sheets-sheet s INVENTOR. BY @aff Taak Patented June 6, 1944 KOTOR Carl E. Tack, Chicago, lll., to American Steel Foundries, Chicago, Ill., a corporationof New Jersey Application September 8, 1941, Serial No. 409,999

14 Claims. (Cl. 18s-218) My invention relates to brake equipment and particularly to a novel form of rotor designed to be associated with other braking means commonly called stators whose Vengagement with said rotor is commonly utilized as a means of stopping a wheel or other rotating member.

My novel rotor is particularly adaptedfor use with railway rolling stock and is so illustrated, although it will be understood that such a rotor may be utilized for any equivalent purpose for which it may be readily adapted.

In the present development of olf-wheel brakes for railway rolling stock', it has been found necessary to develop a particularly rigid rotor capable of dissipating a tremendous amount of heat energy in order to afford stopping means for present day high speed trains.

The general object of my invention is to devise a rotor which will be eminently satisfactory for such a purpose and wherein the required strength as wefl as the heat'. dissipating qualities will be aorded and which at the same time will readily meet practical requirements of manufacture as well as necessary operating conditions.

A specific object of my invention is to devise such a rotor comprising a disc-like support which may readily be fastened to the hub of a wheel and serve as carrying means for a brake ring, said brake ring comprising a double blower in which the respective blowers are effective as in a circulating cooling means for braking surfaces at opposite sides of the ring.

A different object of my invention is to devise such a rotor as above described wherein the stresses resulting from compression of said rotor between engaging stators will be reduced to a minimum well within practical limits.

Yet another object of my invention is to form such a novel rotor structure wherein the parts will be so proportioned as to reduce to a minimum the weight of the rotor structure as a whole, while at the same time, so disposing the elements thereof as to meet the maximum stress conditions encountered in use and also permitting convenient manufacturing practice.

My invention also comprehends such an arrangement as that described wherein the central web or supportnig disc of the rotor may be fixed on the wheel in such a manner as to prevent eccentricities thereof under normal operating conditions.

Yet another object of my invention is to devise a novel form of rotor such as above described :gr dissipation of the heat normally developed use. v My invention also contemplates a novel rotor f structure wherein the friction element comprises wherein maximum radiating area will be afforded spaced integrally formed rings, certain of said rings affording a means of connection to the supporting disc or central web. while at the same time. serving as a,means of dividing said friction ring into two blowers independently eil'ective to cool the respective friction areas at cpposite sidesiof said friction ring.

My invention also has as an object a-construction of a novel rotor `such as that last referred to wherein the ring connected to the central web or support disc may have a relatively short radial diameter as compared with the friction rings at opposite sides thereof so that the cooling medium drawn from opposite sides of the rotor may be mixed between the friction rings thereof to afford maximum turbulence and cooling effect.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my novel form of rotor.

Figure 2 is an edge view taken from the left as seen in Figure 1 with a portion-cut away along the radial planes indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectionaliview throughv a fragmentary portion of a wheel and axle assembly showing the manner of mounting my novel rotor thereon, said rotor being shown in section with the section taken substantially in the plane indicated by the line t3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 shows an alternate manner of mounting my novel rotor on an associated wheel.

Figure 5 shows an alternate form of friction ring and blower which I may utilize in my novel form of rotor.

Figure 6 is a detailed view in side elevation of my novel form Vof central disc or rotor support member, and Figures 7 and 8 are sectional views therethrough, the view of Figure 7 being taken along the radial 'planes indicated by the lines 1-1 of Figure 6, andthe view of Figure 8 along the radial plane indicated bythe line 8-8 of Figure 6. L 1

My novel rotor is shown invdetail in Figures 1 and 2 and may be described as comprising a rotor support generally designated y2,","said rotor support being of disc-like form including a hub portion 4 integrally formed with a bell-like member 6. the shape of which is best vindicated in the sectional views of Figures 2 and aand the outer perimeter of which may be formedto a ytaper as indicated at 8 (Figure 3) for support of the rotor generally designated Ill which may be cast therearound. Reference will be made hereafter in greater detail to the'rotor support member 2. The rotor I6 is an integral casting comprising three spaced plates, each of annular form and arranged in parallel planes, the central plate I2 being substantially thickened as at I4 (Figure 3) in order to form a vsolid connection with the outer perimeter of' the bell-like portion 6 of the rotor support. 'I'he relatively thick portion I4 of the plate I2 may project radially inwardly relieved as indicated at III. SII (Figure 3) in a manner similar to the form of the outer edges thereof. The structure of the blades at opposite sides of the rotor "contemplates such an arrangement as willi afford equal cooling capacity the blades 26.. 26 is similar to'and performs the of the lateral friction plates I6 and Il which may be disposed at opposite sides thereof for engagement in the usuall manner with stator members -(not shown). and I6 are relatively thick as compared with the central support plate I2, said friction plates I6 and Il being disposed at equal distances on opposite sides of the central support plate or mount.. ing plate I2. Integrally joining the central plate I2 with the friction plates I6 and I6 on opposite sides thereof are a `series of equally spacedblades 20, 2II, said kblades being equally spaced The friction plates I6- around the rotor with approximately four de- Y grees between adjacent blades as illustrated in the present embodiment. The blades joining the central plate I2 with the frictionlplates I6 and Il are arranged in parallel planes so that two of the blades 20, 20 serve as a column for resisting the braking pressures applied to the braking surfaces 22 and 24 at opposite sides of the rotor. The manner in which the blades 26, 2l at opposite sides of the rotor are placed in pairs, each pair forming a column between the friction plates at opposite sides of the rotor is illustrated in the view of Figure 2, immediately above the middle thereof, where the outer extremities or edges of the bladesare clearly shown aligned at opposite sides of the rotor.

, While the friction plates I6 and I6 are relatively thick as compared with the central support plate I2, it is contemplated that a substantial portion of the thickness of each of the friction plates will be' worn away in use and that each of said plates may be worn down to a thickness comparable to that of the central plate I2 without undue stress of the structure illustrated. It may be noted that in my novel structure the pressure applied at the friction surfaces 22 and 24 at opposite sides of the rotor is evenly distributed among the blades 26, 26 which are evenly disposed about the oircuference of the rotor as already vdescribed and inasmuch as the blades 20, 2|! at opposite sides of the rotor are aligned with each other thus forming a column across the rotor with each pai-r of blades and with the columns thus formed evenly disposed around the rotor, 1 I am able to calculatequite accurately the stresses to which my novel rotor may be safely' subjected.V In'this particular structure, the space lbetween adjacent columns as indicated A (Figure'2) is subjected to bending stresses as a result of the braking presfunctions of a rotary type of blower so that when the rotor is in normal operation, rotating at a relatively high rate of speed, peripheral force acts to throw outwardly the air between the blades and thus to draw air into slots or openings I2, 32 between adjacent blades, said air being ydrawn into the spaces at opposite sides of the rotor in substantially equal volume inboard and outboard ofy the rotor support member 2.

Figure 3 illustrates the manner of mounting my novel rotor to the hub of a wheel generally designated 64 and comprising a hub I6 which may be press-fitted as at 36 onthe axle 46 inboard theljournal end 42. The hub 26 may be machine flnished about its outer perimeter at the outboard edge in order to afford an exact concentric fit as at 44 with the bore which may be machined on the inboard face of the hub portion 4 of the rotor, said bore being defined by the annular flange 46 at the outer perimeter of said hub portion. 'I'his manner of providing an exact concentricity of the rotor with the wheel is important when it is desired to maintain a relatively small wheel hub diameter. If a larger wheel hub diameter is to be utilized with regard to the rotor structure, a manner of connection sure as applied and the portion of the flriction i' Each of the blades -20 is relieved at its outer edge as at 26, and the friction plates I6 and I 6 as well as the central plate-I2 maybe .smoothly finished to an identical outside diameter, while the friction plates I6 and I6 may be finished as at 26, 26 to an identical inside diameter; The

similar in principle may be utilized as illustrated in Figure iy where the rotor hub member 46 is formed with a bore defined by a flange 66 about its inner perimeter for concentric fit as at 62 with a groove machined about the wheel hub 64 adjacent the inner perimeter thereof, at its outboard edge and relieved as at 66 from the supporting axle fragmentarily shown at 58. In the modification of Figure 4 securing stud bolts 66, 60 may be utilized to fix the rotor on the wheel hub and a similar securing means 60, 66 may be utilized in the modification illustrated in Figure 3. As illustrated in Figure 1, the rotor support member 2 has formed about its'inner perimeter equally spaced lugs 62, 62 which may be drilled as at 64, 64 for reception of the beforementioned securing bolts `6I), 66. Between the flugs 62, 62 may be formed relieved areas 66, 66 thus reducing substantially the weight of the casting and at the same time aording convenient sections for modern foundry practice. A

Certain details of my novel form of rotor support are best shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8 wherein it may fbe noted that the outer perimeter is formed with a serrated edge with equally spaced smooth wedge shaped lugs 66, 68 defined by intervening slots 16, 16, the wedge shape of said lugs and slots being such as to afford a firm grip on .the metal which may be cast therearound as already described. The smooth bell-shape of the plate portion of the support member 2 is well illustrated at 6, 6 in the sectional views of Figure 7 and 8, and Figure 8 illustrates the section through`the central portion of the lug 62 before drilling thereof for the securing studs. The section of Figure 7 is taken centrally through a. slot 66 between adjacent lugs 62. As viewed in Figure 6, the lugs 62, 62 together with the intermediate relieved portions 12, 12 adjacent the respective slots 66, 66 define a scallop-like formainner edges of the blades 20. 2 may be arcuately 75' tion of the inner perimeter of the support member 2. The viewof Figure 6 is taken from the inboard face of the rotor support whereas the view of Figure l is'taken from the outboard face thereof. In the view of Figure 6. the securing lugs 52. l2 are illustrated undrilled. It will be recognized that said lugs may be drilled at varied diameters to accommodate different wheel hubs.

When my novel form of rotor is applied in the manner as illustratedin Figure 3, the relatively wide space between the blade portion of the suptered, it may be desirable to utilize a modified form of rotor such as illustrated in Figure 5 wherein the oppositely disposed friction plates |02 and IOI may be joined by equally spaced blades |06, |08, said blades thus forming substantially solid columns between said plates for equal distribution of stressvincurred by pressure. applied at surfaces |08 'and ||0 in a manner similar to that of the previous modification. In this modification however, the supporting portion of the rotor may `have a ring-like member ||2 of general V-section having a connection at ||4 centrally of its inner perimeter to the rotor support in a manner similar to that described for the previous modification. said ring H2 having a relatively shallow depth as compared with the friction plates |02 and |04. In this modification the air intake from the inboard and outboard sides of the rotor may be as illustrated by the curved arrows M and N but in'this case it is contemplated that the total air intal-re from "M will be somewhat less than that from N." and it will be necessary to equalize the two in some manner to afford equal heat dissipation from the respective inboard and outboard friction plates |02 and |04. This will be accomplished in the structure illustrated in Figure 5 bythe turbulence which will result in the mixture of the air from the intakes at M and "N, said turbulence reducing somewhat the speed of flow of the air in thespaces between adjacent blades |06, |08 and so permitting substantially equal heat dissipation from the respective friction plates.

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown which are merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim: l. A composite brake rotor structure comprising a central support casting of bell-like formwith wheel connecting means at one side thereof,`

and a serrated perimeter at the opposite side thereof, a rotor-blower element cast on said serrated perimeter, said element comprising spaced annular friction plates, and blades equiangularly arranged around the perimeter of said rotor and integrally formed with said plates, each of'sald blades forming acolumn between the opposed friction plates for resistance of pressures applied thereto, and a central ring-like support member` integrally formed with Bald Plates ind bldes 8nd having imbedded therein said serrated perimeter,

said ring-like support member having a radial depth substantially equal to the radial depth of said friction plates whereby said rotor is divided into independent blower portions, one of said blower portions being operative to discharge air from one side of said rotor structure and the other of said blower portions operative to discharge air from the opposite side thereof.

2. Av composite brake rotor structure comprising a support casting of bell-like form with wheel connecting means at one side thereof. and a serrated perimeter at the opposite side thereof. a rotor element cast on said serrated perimeter, said rotor element comprising spaced annular friction plates. and blades equiangularly arranged aroundv the perimeter of said'rotor and integrally formed with said plates, each of said blades forming a column between the opposed friction plates for resistance of pressures applied thereto, and a central ring-like support member integrally formed withsaid plates andblades and having imbedded therein said serrated perimeter, said ring-like support member having va relatively shallow radial depth as compared with said friction plates to permit maximum turbulence of the air currents received through said rotor member from opposite sides of said support casting.

3. A composite brake rotor structure comprising a central support casting of bell-like form with wheel connecting means at one side thereof, and a serrated perimeter at the opposite side thereof, a rotor element cast on said serrated perimeter, said rotor element comprising spaced annular friction plates, and blades equiangularly arranged around the perimeter of said rotor and integrally formed with said plates, each of said blades forming a column between the opposed friction plates for resistance of pressures applied thereto. and a central ring-like support member integrally formed with said plates and blades and having imbedded therein said serrated perimeter, said ring-like support member having a radial depth substantially equal to the radial depth of said friction plates whereby said rotor is divided into independent substantially equal blower portions.

4. In a combination brake rotor andVv blower structure, a central disc having at its small diameter end wheel connecting means and at its large diameter end an annular flange, a rotor-blower element cast on said flange and comprising spaced friction plates of annular form and an intermediate support plate, said support plate having said flange imbedded in its inner perimeter, and radial blades integrally formed with all of said plates and equiangularly spaced about the circumference of said element, said blades at opposite sides of said element lying in co-planar pairs with the blades of each pair forming a continuous column from one friction plate to the other v through said support plate.

5. In a brake rotor, a bell-like support casting having a hub portion with a bore defined by an annular flange forming a means of concentric connection to a supporting wheel, said casting means at opposite sides o: said rotor. said sup- Port platebeing cast on said serrated perimeter. said blades being arranged in pairs at opposite sides of said rotor, each of said pairs defining a column extending between said friction plates.

6. A composite brake rotor structure comprising a central casting of bell-like form with wheel connecting means at one side thereof, and a serratedv perimeter at the opposite' side thereof, a rotor element cast on said serrated perimeter, said rotor element comprising spaced annular friction plates, and blades equiangularly arranged around the perimeter of said rotor and integrally formed with said Plates. each of said blades forming a column between the opposed friction plates for resistance of pressures applied thereto, and a central ring-like support member integrally formed with saidv plates and blades and having imbedded therein said serrated perimeter. '7.*In a combination brake rotor and blower structure, a bell-like support member having nat its small diameter end wheel connecting means and at its large diameter end a serrate per-l 8. In a combination brake rotor and blower.'

structure, a central disc of bell-like form having at its small diameter end wheel connecting means and at its large diameter en d a serrate flange. a rotor-blower element cast on said flange and comprising spaced friction plates of annular form and an intermediate support plate, said support plate having said flange imbedded in its inner perimeter, and radialk blades' integrally formed with all of said plates and equiangularly spaced about the circumference of said element, said intermediate plate having a radial depth substantially equal to that of said friction plates thus dividing said element into blower portions at opposite sides thereof for circulating a cooling medium'for dissipation of heat from said respective friction plates.

9.- In a brake rotor, a bell-like support casting having a hub portion with a bore defined by Yis an annular flange forming a means of concentric connection'to a supporting wheel, said casting having a serrated outer perimeter affording vsupport for an associated rotor member, said rotor member comprising spaced annular friction plates and van intermediate support plate with radially arranged blades Joining said sup port plate with the respective friction plates to define blower means at opposite sides of said rotor, said support plate being connected to said serrated perimeter.

10. In a brake rotor, a central support having a hub arranged for concentric connection to a supporting wheel, `a combination friction rotor and blower casting lcomprising a pair of annular frictionI plates with a centrally located supporting plate and a plurality of radially arranged blades dening columns between said plates, said rotor and blower casting being cast about the outer perimeter of said support with the support imbedded in the central supporting plate.-

1l. In a brake rotor, at least three substantially parallel annular plate members. blade means extending between said members, and sup-y port means for said rotor connected to an inter mediate member, all of said members being of sibstantially the same inner andouter diame ers.

12. In a brake rotor, at least three substantially parallel plate members, an opening in an outer plate member, blade means extending between said members, and support means for said rotor extending through said opening and joining an intermediate member, all of said members being of substantially the same outer diameter.

13. In a brake rotor, three substantially parallel annular plates, blade means extending therebetween, a hub member joining the intermediate plate, the other plates having outer diameters substantially as great as that of said intermediate plate and presenting friction sur-- faces on their remote surfaces.

. 14. In a brake rotor, three substantially parallel annular plates. blade means extending therebetween. a hub member joining the intermediate plate. the other plates having outer diameters ,substantially as great as that of said intermediate plate and presenting friction surfaces on their remote surfaces,y the thickness of said other plates being at least equal to that of said intermediate plate.

CARL E. TACK.

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