US2349850A - Skiving machine - Google Patents

Description

May 3o, 1944. R H WON i '2,349,850

SKIVING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 19.41 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 30,' 1944. p, H. DlxoN 2,349,850

l SKIVING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 30, 1944. P, H, DIXON l 2,349,850

sKIvING MACHINE AFiled Nov.V 25, 1941 3 Shets-Sheet 3 j 'Figa Figll.

Figcl.

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Patented May 30, 1944 f UNITED j STATES PATENT OFFICE l' 2,349,850 sKlvING MAonINE Paul H. Dixon, Wenham, Masts., assignor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 25, l Serial No. 420,399 '9 claims. (ci. '6a-i716) This invention relates to skiving machines and is -herein illustrated and described as embodied in a skiving machine of the type disclosed in United States Letters Patent No.V 2,041,701, granted May 26, 1936, upon the application of Milton H. Roske, and also in United States Letters Patent No. 2,134,809, granted November' `1, 1938, upon the application of Charles C. Bell.y The illustrated skiving machine, like those disclosed inthe abovementioned patents, is provided with a driven feed roll, a feed disk having its axis at right angles tothe-axisof the roll and arranged to press a work-piece against the rol1,` and a'rotary disk skiving knife.

' `It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved skiving machine of the type above referred to. In accordance with a feature of the invention,` the feed disk is arranged t yield in alplane normal to its axis. Regardless, therefore, of the thickness of a work-piece, the feed'disk is not displaced axially and hence cannot jam against the rotary knife. 4This renders `frequent axial adjustmentof the rposition of the feed disk unnecessary, even if work-pieces of different thicknesses areto be operated upon. Furthermore, it -permits a relativelyA close adjustment between the feed disk and the knife without danger-of jamming las a result of local inequalities ofthickness' ofa work-piece. These and other features ofthe invention will be.' described as embodied in an illustrative machine and pointed out in the appended claims.

l Referring now'to the accompanying drawings, ff'Fig. `1 is -a front 'elevation ofthe illustrative machine; f 1 Zrligl 2 is A afront elevation of the work feeding vand'gagingmechanism of the machine;

"Figi 3 is a rear elevation ofthe mechanismfor adjusting'.` the edge gage;" l

iffFigfLlis a--perspective view of the feed disk and its support;` 'Fig' 5is`a plan View in section abovev thefelem'ent |08; n ""ijgf'i's an elevation of themembers shown in Fig: 5; f

' ',Eig. '7 4is an enlarged view, in front elevation, showing the feedingand gaging members in `properfrelation to a workpiece for cutting an abrupt scarf; n and lEig 8 isa detail in elevation showing .the positions .of the work-engaging parts forl cutting a shoulderpor Tfold scarf; i i MFig. 9 is asection of a workpiece showing the shoulder or fold vscarfwhichis produced when the lwork engaging parts are in the positions shown lin Fig. 8;

Fig. 10is a detail in elevation showing the positions of the work-engaging parts for cutting a narrow seam scarf;

' Fig-.111 Ais a section of a work piece showing the narrow seam scarf which is produced when the work-engaging' parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 107;

1 Fig. 12 is a detail in elevation showing the positions of the work-engaging parts for cutting a featherY edge scarf;

13 is a section of a work piece showing the vfeather edge scarf which is produced when the' 'work-engaging parts are in the positions shownvinrFig: 12;

Fig. 14' is a'detail in elevation showing the positions of the Ywork-engaging parts for cutting anabrupt scarf to prepare the edge for searing or:l'i`eatY turning; and Y Fig. 1 5 is asection of a Work piece showing the abrupt scarf which is produced when the workengaging parts are in the positions shown in Fig;V 14.

= The illustrated machine is similar in many respect's' to the-machine disclosed in Letters Patent No1.1.2,^1 34,809 abovementioned. The present machine'like that of said patent comprises a rotary disk knife I0, arotary feed roll l2, and a rotary feed dis'kM; AThe knife is manually adjustable i'n .thel direction of its axis toward and from the feed roll, the axis of the knife being inclined slightly from the vertical. The feed disk of the illustrated machine, while rotating idly, cooperateswith the feed roll by pressing the work against it.` The feed roll shaft is rotatable in a -blockl which is adjustable on a support I8 inia-*di'rectionlwhich lis axial of the feed roll, said support being angularly adjustable in an arcuate guideway V20 the center of curvature of which lies in a horizontal axis. Axial adjustment :of the-feed roll enables the feed roll to be shifted to the'right or left relativelyto the center ofthe arcuate guideway 20. The axis about whichfthe support I8 is angularly yadjustable passes .atl right angles through an element in the `upper surface of the feed wheel for any normal position'foflaxial'adjustment of the feed wheel; JIhe supportl licarries a superstructure by which the feed disk is carried sothat angulariadjustment ofthe feed roll support adjusts thffeed disk. The curved guideway 20, in which thel'ffeed roll' support is adjusted, is located at tlieoute'r end of a head 22, said head being angularly-'adjustable ink a lhorizon-tal pathabout the axis of a vertical stud 24 to adjust the feed roll toward and from the knife, andthe feed roll shaft gage the pivotally mounted block to limit rock- *"5 ing movement of the arm 34, and, hence',r the extent of angular adjustment of the feed roll support. The arm is connected by a link and a pivot with the upper end of a treadlerbd'42V in such manner that Vertical movement of the treadle rod swings the arm to the right Vor left. The lower end of the rod is connected to a treadle 44 normally held in raised position byaspring 46, to hold the feed roll in its up position (in which the uppermost element Aof itsy periphery form-sf a 'small ang-le with the plane of theknife orgis; substantially parallel thereto). *y The elements so far described which are substan-tially like corresponding elements of the machineV disclosed in Letters Patent No. 2,134,809 are as follows: the knife |0 with its provisions for mounting, driving and adjusting; the provisions for mounting and driving-,the feed roll I2; the a-rrangement for axially adjusting the feed roll block |6 in its support I8; andthe arrangements for tilting thel feed mechanism, in-` cluding; the arcuate guideway 20 and the mechanismv operated by the treadle 44. A more complete disclosure of some of these elements. may be found in United States Letters Patent No. 1,866,918, granted July 12, 1932 upon the ap plication of Milton H. Ballard.

An edge guide 48 is carried indirectly by the block l0 whichrcarri'es also a yieldingly mounted presser. 50. The presser and edge guide are mounted' for quick adjustment in a path transverse to the line of feed of the work by manipulation of a treadle V52. The presser and edge guide` may be substantially like the presser and guide disclosed in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,180,- 222,- granted April 18 1916, upon an'application fliedl inthe name of Alexander M. Alexander.

The presser yields upwardly from a stop position Y adjustablyV determined by a screw 53I (Figs.f2 and'3). Thev mountingof the presser and edge guide including the mechanism which causes them- `to be adjusted horizontally when either or bothof the treadles 44, 52 are manipulated is somewhat like that of the machine disclosed in Letters Patent No. 2,134,809, already mentioned. Although the details of the somewhat different construction disclosed herein form no part of the, present invention, they will be briefly described.

The edge guideli is integral with a slide 54 (Figs. 2 and'3) which also carries, the presser.k 50. The slide 54 is slidably mounted ina block 56 which is securedl by an adjustable connection 58 (more fully described in Letters Patent No. 1,866,- 918abovementi'oned) to a bracket 60 (Fig. 1)y secured upon an extension of `theblock I6. The edge guide carrier slide 54is, normal1y main-,- tained iny a desiredposition of Aadjustment by a `coiled compression springv 62 interposed. between theslide 54 and a lug 64 on the block 55,. AThe spring 62-tends to urge: the edge guide carrier slide 54 outwardly or toward the left, as Viewed arm et (Fig. 3) having a rounded end portion which engages a groove 58 in the carrier slide. The arm 06 is secured upon a shaft 'l0 which is freely rotatable in a bearing formed in the block 5S. Extending from the shaft 'F0 is a second crank arm 12 upon which is pivotally mounted the upper end of a depending rod 14. For guiding the rod 14 there is provided a bearing block "a8 which is pivotally mounted upon the block 58 and which thus acts as a swivel bearing. The lower end of the rod '|4 engages an abutment 'f8 (Fig. l) carried by the upper end of a slide 80, and may be raised or lowered to any desired position of adjustment by means of a screw 82 threaded into the lower end of the slide and having a knu-rledhead 84 to facilitate turning. A guideway for the slide 80 is carried by ,y thehead 22.

in Figs. 1 and 2, as far asfis permitted by a crank To.

Axial movement of the screw 84 is prevented by a pair of lugs 88 secured upon the head 22 and engaging a groove formed in the head of vthescrew.Y v 1 `The treadle 52, by which the operator is enabled to shift the position of the edge guide in the course of operation, isfconnected to the slide 54 by a cable 90 protectedby a sheath 92. Depression of the treadle 52 will move the edge guide against the compression of the spring 62, such movement being freely permitted since the rodjd rises out of contact with the abutment f8.; The extent to which the edge guide may thus. beamoved v4is, adjustably determined by a screw. 94 threaded into the block 56 and ven gageable with a pin 96 secured in a lug on the slide 54. For limiting the extent to which adj ustmentV may be made in the opposite direction, a second screw 98 is provided. For some operations, as will later be pointedout, the screw isturned to an inoperative position, and for other operations it is adjusted to limit the outward movement of the edge guide to an extent lessithan. permitted by the abutment 18. l' The machine as so far described, except for thechanges above pointed out, may be substantially'iny accordanceI with the disclosures of the several patents' above-mentioned.

'Ilafeed disk |4- of the machine illustrated hereinismounted to yield in a direction normal t.0- its` axisyrather than axially as in previous machines. The disk (Figs. 4, 5- and 6) is car-V ried upon the lower end of a shaft |00 which rotates idly ina block |02, although, if desired, the shaft |00 may be driven by a belt or by any suitable type ofgearing.v Parallel to the shaft |050! is'.I a stationary shaft |04 upon which the blck V| 02 is rotatably mounted. Secured upon thestationary shaft. 04 is a collar |06. from which extends alug i 0,8.having its outer portion turned downwardly.V A rod ||0 fixed at onev endA to the downwardly turned portion of the lug |08 extends` in a substantially horizontal direction through an opening in the block |02 between the shafts |00 and |04.. The outer end portion ofthe rod ||0 is threaded and carries a nutk Surrounding the r'od |I0 and interposed.

H2. between the nut i2 anda bearing surface formed on the block |02 is a coil compression spring ||4, which tendsV to rotate the block |02 in aV clockwisedi-rection, as viewed in Fig. 5, about the shaftl |04; The effect of the spring is therefore to urge the feed disk to the right, as viewed in, The. compression of the spring may beadjusted byturning the nut 'I I2. Rotation of the block |02 about the shaft |04 is limited by anluprightpin llsecured in theblock |02 and extending upwardly-into an arcuate slot formed in the stationary collar |06.` Theupperportion of the shaft |04 is clamped byscrews ||8 in a split block 20. VHeightwise adjustment of the feed disk I4 relatively'to the feedroll I2 is effected `by moving the shaft |04 up or down in the block to the desired'lposition before tightening the screws IIB. Adjustment of the stop position of the disk I4 under the influence of the spring I I4 is likewise effected by turning the shaft |04 in the block |20 before tightening the screws ||8. Extending substantially horizontally from an upper portion of the block |20 is a supporting.` stem |22 which is slidably mounted in a bracket |24 carried by the bracket 60.- Ihe stem |22 is clamped in the bracke'tfin a desired position of adjustment to provide suitable clearance between the feed disk I4 and the feed roll I2. Asecondvstem |26 extending from the block |20 parallel` to the stem |22 is slidable in the bracket |24 to prevent rotation ofthe block |20 aboutA the stem |22.

It will be observed that the above-described arrangement for mounting the feed disk enables the feed disk to yield in accordance with vary'- ing thicknesses of the Work. Such yielding, moreover, `takes place in a plane normal to the feed disk away from the feed roll and away from the axis of the knife. 'Therefore however close the knife and the feed disk may be adjusted to each other, there is no danger of the work-piece by reason of its thickness causing the feed disk to jam up against the knife. Such mounting of the feed disk thus permits the close adjustment of the knife and the feed disk so desirable `in many types of work.

The feed roll I2 differs from the feed rolls disclosed in the patents above-mentioned by reason of the fact that it has a` knurled cylindrical work-engaging surface |28 and ia smooth frusto-conical work-engaging surface |30. The portion |30 converges from the diameter of the portion |28 to a smaller diameter. The feed disk I4 has a plane upper surface and a downwardly converging frusto-conical Work-engaging edge portion. l The angle of the elements of the surface |30 to the axis of the feed roll is complementary to the angle of `the elements of the feed disk I4 with the axis of the feed' disk; that is, the sum of the two angles is 909. f-Ifva section be taken through the axes of thefeed'roll and the feed disk, the adjacent elements of said members will be parallel.

In the operation of the machine', the feed roll I2 is driven in a direction to feed a work-piece W (Fig. 2) away from the operator. The workpiece is presented with its edge against theedge guide 48; its marginal portion is heldagainst the cylindrical portion |28 of the feed roll `l2 by theY presser 50. The feed disk I4, under the inuence of the spring ||4 urging it toward -the right, holds the work-piece in drivingV engagement with the conical portion |30. offthefeed roll. The feed roll will be considered for the present to have been adjusted axiallyin .the block I6 to bring the mid-point (indicated by X on Fig. 8) of itsWork-engaging surfaceA aboutinto register with the center of the arcuate guldeway20. v.r VThe machine is shown in. Fig. 1 with the treadles 44 and 52 both up.V The feed roll and feed disk assembly is maintained in a position of angular adjustment `determined by the block bearing against the nut 38 under the influence of the spring 46. The nut 38 has been turned to Such a position as to cause the upper surface of the feed diskl I4 and the uppermost element of the cylindrical surface |28 to lie in a plane par` allelto the plane of the cutting edge of the knife I0.-l The knife, the planeof which is indicated by thereference character Kin Fig. 8, is ad'- justed to a height above the feed roll equal to' half the thickness of the workpiece. The edge guide 48 is maintained'in a position of adjustment determined by the rod 14 in engagement with the abutment I8 under the influence of the spring 62. When thus adjusted, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, the machine will cut a shoulder or fold scarf of the type shown in Fig. 9. `This scarf will be relatively narrow, its Width vdepending upon the adjustment of the abutment 18. Wider scarfs of this type may readily be obtained without changing the adjustment of the abutment 18, merely by depressing the treadle 52 to move the edge guide toward the right to a stop position determined by the screw 94.

The work-engaging parts may be instantly changed from the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 8 to positions Awhich will cause the machine to produce a narrow seam 'scarf of the'type dis-` closed in Fig. 11. This is `accomplished merely by depressing the treadle 44 to rotate the feed disk and feed roll assembly counterclockwise (as viewed in Fig. 1) to a position determined by engagement of the block 35 with the nut 40. As the assembly thus rotates, the rod 'I4 rises relatively to the abutment-18, enabling `the crank arm 'l2 to rotate in a clockwise direction (as viewed in Fig. 1) while the springy 62 pushes the edge guide carrier to the left. The several parts of the machine will thus be brought into the positions shown in Figs. 2 and l0, in which the plane of the cutting edge of the knife I0 is indicated by the reference character K. A wider seam scarf may be obtained, without changing the adjustment of the abutment 18, by turning the `screw 98 (which hitherto has occupied an out-of-the-way position) to a position to cause it to engage the pin 96 before the feed disk and feed roll assembly reaches its limiting position. A still wider seam scarf may be obtained by depressing the treadle 52 as well as the treadle 44. thereby moving the edge guide toward the right to a stop position determined by the screw 94. To obtain a feather edge scarf, such as is shown in Fig. 13, both treadles are depressed, the screw 94 being adjusted far enough to the right to bring the edge guide into register with the right-hand edge of the cylindrical portion4 |20 of the feed roll, as shown in Fig. 12. Y

It is sometimes desirable to produce a more abrupt scarf than can be obtained by angular adjustment of the feed roll and feed disk assembly. Such an abrupt scarf (shown in Fig. l5) is necessary to prepare the edge for searing, or heat turning,` as the operation is sometimes called. To form a scarf of this character on the illustrated machine, the several work-engaging parts are adjusted to the positions shown in Figs. '7 and `14. The nut 38 is adjusted to the position shown` in Fig. `l to bring the plane of theupper surface of the feeddisk I4 and the uppermost element of the cylindrical surface |28 parallel to the plane K of the cutting edge of the knife, with the treadle 44 up. For convenience of illustration the plane K is shown in Fig. 7 ashorizontal, but actually it is tilted as shown `in Fig. 14. y' The edge guide 48 is then adjusted to the left, by turning the screw 82, almost to the edge of the feed roll which separates the conical surface |30 from the cylindrical surface f2.8; The knife IU is then adjusted downwardlyto bring the plane K of itsy cutting edge almost into engagement with the -upper surface vof fthe feed disk lll and the uppermost element of the cylindrical surface' |28. The angle of theresulting bevel, which should be accurately maine tained in this type of work,r is thus determined by the 4angle of the conicalsurface 13u and not by theamount of tilt of the feed roll and feed diskassembly. 1

The labrupt scarf above-mentioned is. usually formed on work-pieces other portions of which require also a seam scarf or a feather scarf, and but rarely on work-pieces calling for a fold scarf. Ifo avoid unnecessary heightwise adjustment of the knife when passing from an abrupt scarf toa seam scarf or a feather scarf, or vice versa, the feed roll-may be `adjusted axially to bring its right-hand edgeinto register withv the center of the arcuate guideway 2li, ratherthan in the. position shown in Fig. 8which is .to the right of the center. The knife may then remain in its downward position of adjustment, almost in contact with the feed disk and the feed roll. With the -machine thus adjusted, a seam scarf' or a yfeather scarf may be produced upon the vsame work-piece asan abrupt scarf merely by depress-. ing both treadles, the retracted position of the edge guide being determined by the stop'screw 94. Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: ,4 ,1. A skiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a feed,v roll, a feed disk for holding work against said feed roll, a support for said feed disk pivotally mounted for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the axis ofthe feedr disk, and a spring for yieldingly urging the-feed disk toward the feed roll to cause the feed disk to,grip the work against `the feed roll. i 2, A vskiving machine having, combination, a knife, a pair of rotary feed members arranged with their axes substantially at right angles'to eachother, said feed members having conical workfengaging surfaces, and a support for one of lvsaid feed members constructed and arranged to yield in a directionl normal to the axis of that feed member.

3. A skiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a pair of rotary feed members arranged with their axes substantially at right angles to each other, saidfeed members having workengagingsurfaces dened by cones the vertex angles of which are supplemental, and a support for one of .said feed members constructed and arranged to yield in a direction normal to 'the axis of that feed member, i

4. A skiving machine having, ,inv combination, a knife, a feed roll, having a cylindrical portion and a frusto-ccnical portion `converging from said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a truste-conical work-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged tol enable said feed disk to move in a direction normal to the axis of the feed disk, and a spring acting upon said diskto cause the 'disk to press the work in said direction Yagainst thefrusto-conical portion ofthe feedroll, v l i p 1, `5. f-Askiving machine. having, in combination, a rotary disk knife, a feed roll having a vvworkvengaging surface part of which is Acylindrical and part of which isconical, a feed disk having a .conical work-engaging surface, a spring for urging the iced disk; toward the feed, roll in a pat-hnormcl to .the axis.; of' the feed disk to cause thcwcrk to. loc'erippcd; between the two conical` Surfaaanda presser for holding the Work agillstthe cylindrical surface of the feed roll.

askivine. machine, a feed roll, a disk having a conical Work-engaging edge, a. block in'whih Said. diskiis journaled for rotation, a support uponiwhich said block is mounted for swinging movementabout an axis parallel to the axis, of thev disk, a spring interposed'between said support and said block for swinging the block to cause the diskr to press a work-piece against the feed roll, a stop on said support for limiting the approach of the disk toward the feedroll undery the influence of said spring, `Said.Slipiolt being angularly adjustable about the axis of swinging movement of the block to adjust the position of said stop, and means for securing the support in angularly adjusted position.

7. A skiving machine having, in combination, a rotary disk knife, `a rotary feed roll located beneath the knife and having an outer end ofv reduced diameter, a rotary feed disk located below the plane of thecutting edge of the knife and arranged to cooperate with the portion of reduced Vdiameter of the roll to grip the work and tor aid the roll in advancing the work to the knife, and a support for the feed disk yieldingly mounted for movement in a direction substantially normal to the axis of rotation of the feed disk to accommodate variations in thickness of the Work.

vSi, A skiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a feed roll having a cylindrical portion and a frustofoonical portion converging from said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a frusto-conical work-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged to enable said feed disk; to I novefV in a.. direction. normal to the axis ofthe feed disk, a spring acting upon said disk to causethe disk t0 press the work in said directiQn against the frusto-conical portion of the feed roll, means for adjusting the feed roll and' feed disk angularly in unison, an edge gage, and means for adjusting the edge gage longitudinally of the feed roll.

. 9. A skivingmachine having, in combination, a knife, a feed roll having a cylindrical portion and a frusto-conical portion converging from said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a frusto- @nica-l vWork-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged to enable said feed disk to move in a direction normal to the axis of the feed disk, a spring acting upon said disk to cause the disk to press the work in said direction against the frusto-conical portion of the feed lIQll, means. for adjusting the feed rollv and feed disk angularly in unison to cause the uppermost elementv of the cylindrical portion of the feed lQll tdfbc substantially parallel to the plane of thdknife, an, edge gage, and means for adjusting the gage-lengthwise of the feed roll into a pesigtion in which the work-engaging face is adjacent to the junction of the cylindrical and conical surfaces of the feed roll, whereby an abrupt scarf may be formed upon the edge of the work preparatory to subjecting it to a searing operation. l l PAUL H. DIXON.

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