US2348171A - Accounting machine - Google Patents

Description

May 2, 1944. w. scHEl-:Rl-:R l-:TAL 2,348,171

' ACOUNTING MACHINE Filed nec. is, 1939 a sheets-sheet 2 2a w D 2c H/v l, V23 -ar 27 H 1 24a-1 um m W2 j H a am l l mlg==== a mi Lf-Jls v 4 um Il 3 #4 m H o u u l i@ H5 Y 'm rf:

` 4 ff; l l' 4l# E TO 5' G v* M L17 B wie M ATTORNEY Muy 2, 1944- w. scHEERER erm. 2,348,171

I ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1939 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIGA. l

` ATzroRNEY May 2, 1944;

w. scHEERER Erm. 2,348,171

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1939 FIGA-o.

'e shuts-sheet 4 ATTORNEY May 2, 1944. w. scHEx-:RER Erm.

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed DBC. 15, 1939 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 .moc

" Q x N MGE V M. W b m.

' VE O 5 i 44 v1-jak@ ATTORNEY ATTORNEY 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 W. SCHEERER ETAL ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1939 May 2, 1944.

May 2,1944 w. lscHlsr-:Rl-:R 4E-r AL 2,348,171

ACCOUNTING MACHINE 'Filed Dec. 15, 1959 e sheets-sheet 7 FIG] AND (INT 5T l VENTO 5 M 5% my@ b ATTORNEY May 2, 1944. w. scHEERER ETAL ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1939 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 ATTORNEY Patented May 2, 1944 ACCOUNTING MACHINE Walter Scheerer and Kurt Loeklair, Berlin-Lichterfelde, Germany, assignors to International I Business Machines Corp., New York, N. Y., a

corporation of NewYork Application December 15, 1939, Serial N0. 309,407 In Germany January 10, 1939 12 Claims. (Ci. 2st-61.6)

This invention relates to improvements in accounting machines which are equipped with electric calculating mechanisms for the performance of calculating operations.

One of the objects of the invention is the application of electromagnetic relays to establish contact combinations, one relay being provided for each denominational position and having several double wound magnets and related contacts for effecting the contact combinations necessary for the representation of the values 9. The number of double wound magnets per relay is limited to four' at the utmost for the values 0-9, whereby the principal success of the inventive idea is secured.

It is proposed to bring the several double wound magnets under the eiect of current impulse emitters, so as to be energized upon the entry of digit values into the machine by means of keys or under the control of record cards, whereby they control, upon the energization of the magnet windings the contacts associated with them.

It is evident that the calculating relays may be used for the purpose of addition as well as for subtraction' as will become apparent in the description of the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, given hereafter.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in the drawings, tens carry operations are effected at the close of the 'value entry portion of each cycle, and in a modified form, the tens carry operations are effected at once as they present themselves during the entry of the value.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims landillustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Figs. la to d show a rel-ay of one calculating position, Fig. la being a section according to the line a-a of Fig. 1b, Fig. 1b a proiile view, Fig. 1c a topview, and Fig. 1d a section according to the line d-d of Fig. la.

Fig. 2 shows a group of individual contacts of the cont-act system by indicating schematically their tie-up with themagnet systems.

Fig. 3 shows in the same manner another group of individual contacts of the contact system.

Figs, et and 4a show a wiring diagram of the iirst embodiment of the calculating mechanism, Fig. 4a being ya continuation of Fig. 4.

Fig. 5' is a timing chart of the cam contacts shown on Figs. 4 and 4a.

Fig. 6 is a timing chart for a selected calculating example whereby the diagonal crosshatching represents the closing times of contacts and the longitudinal crosshatching represents circuit times for the exciting windings.

Fig. '7 shows at which point of time, with the second embodiment, tens carry operations are eiected.

Fig. 8 is a modification of the Wiring diagram shown in Figs. 4 and 4a.

Fig. 9 is a timing chart indicating the closing times of the cam contacts shown in Fig. 8.

Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. la and lb, a relay provided for each calculating position consists of four magnet systems generally designated MII, MI M2, and M3. These individual magnets are fastened to a support I0, carrying also a group of contacts associated with the magnets. The group of contacts consists of the individual contacts 0a, 0b, 0c, Ia, Ib, Ic, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, and v3c which are identified later in the adding operations and of the individual contacts I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, l, 8, 9, Il, z which are employed in total taking as will be described hereinafter. The arrangement of the contacts with respect to each other is designated by the record of their reference characters at the left of Fig. 1b. Each of the magnet systems Ml) to M3 consists of a core I i and yoke I3 fastened thereto by means oi a screw I2, The core II is surrounded by a 'coil I4, on which are two windings, i. e., for the magnet MII windings 0I and 0II, for the magnet MI windings II'and III, for the magnet M2 windings ZI and 2II, for the magnet M3 the windings 3I and 311. To the yoke I3 by means of plate springs I5 and I6 respectively, one light and one relatively heavy armature are fastened. These armatures are AOI andAIIII, AII and AIII, etc.,

the sufhx I being indicative of the light arma' ture, and II indicating the heavier armature.

Aswill be described below, the windings of each magnet are energizedin'a differential manner at a predetermined voltage during the operation of the calculating device. The attraction of the lighter f or o'fthe heavier armature of a magnet depends which winding of that magnet is energized.

Upon the flow of current through the winding el of the magnet M0, for example, the lighter armature .MII is attracted, while the heavier armature AEiII remains lin its home position dueto the fact that the number of ampere turns of the winding III does not produce a suilicient magnetizationfof the magnet "core,

The winding IJII has a higher number of ampereturns than ,the winding 0I, so that only upon the now of current through the winding 011 is the heavier armature A011 attracted. A current iiow through the winding 011 would, obviously, cause the attraction of the armature A01 as well.

When both armatures A01 and A011 are attracted a current ow through one of the two windings 01 and 011 will be suiiicient to keep the armatures in attracted condition. Upon the deenergization of the windings the armature 01 falls away more quickly than the armature 011. The conditions just explained for the movements of the armature of the magnet M apply also to the movements o1 the armatures of the magnets M1, M2 and M3.

The adding and total contacts are arranged between the magnets M0 and M2 and the magnets M1 and M3, The individual contacts consist of two contact springs each, being kept at a distance from one another and from the contact springs of the adjacent contacts by insulatng pieces 1'1. The contact block formed thereby is surrounded by a frame 13, which is fastened to the support I0. On the frame 18 at I9 several bails are mounted, bearing the reference characters B01, B011, B11, B111, B21, B211, B31, B311. Each armature of the magnets is connected with one of these bails by means of bars 20 and 21, for example, the armature A01 with the bail B01 and the armature A011 with the bail B011. Each armature is kept in its home position by the bias of the plate springs and 16, respectively, whereby the bail connected with it is caused to rest against stops 22 of the frame 18. 1f by the energization of one of the magnets the attraction of its armature towards the part of the core 11 which is bent at its upper end takes place, the bail which is connected to the armature by bar or 21 and is moved from its home position in which, as is shown in Fig. la is in a downward direc tion. Supports 23 and hooks 24 mounted at the contact springs transmit the movement of the bail to individual contact springs. The manner in which this is done is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 in which the supports 23 and hooks 24 for the contact springs of the individual contacts are indicated symbolically.

From Fig. 2 it may be seen that the special contact springs (see contacts 1b and 2b) have special spring plates 25 coordinated with them. and are likewise equipped with supports 23 and hooks 24. Thereby upon the closing and the opening of the contacts 1b and 2b by the bails, special conditions are created.

The adding contacts are connected in a predetermined manne:- with the windings of the magnets M0, M1, M2, and M3 in series. The bails B01, B011, etc., influencing the contact springs determine by their position in connection with the switching elements specified below the current supply to the windings of the magnet systems Me, M1, M2, and M3.

Hereafter the connection of the windings with the adding contacts of the magnets and the control of the adding contacts by the bails is described with reference to Fig. 2 and the circuits are illustrated in Fig. 4.

Contacts 0a and 0b are connected in series with windings 01. Contacts 11a are closed in the event that the bail B01 is out of home position and at least one of the bails B011 and B311 is in home position, or if the bail B311 is out of home position and the bail B011 in home position, in the latter case the position of the bail B01 CII being immaterial. Contacts 0b are opened, if at least one of the bails B111 and B211 is moved out of home position and the bail B011 is in home position.

Contacts 0c are connected in series with the winding 011, and are closed if the bail B01 is moved out of home position. Contacts la and 1b are connected in series with winding 11. Contacts la are closed, ii at least one, of the bails B011 and B11 is out of home position and if at least one of the bails B111 and B311 is in home position. Contacts 1b are opened, if the bails B011 and B21 are out of home position. In the latter case the bails B01 and B31 retain the position occupied by them following the energizations of their magnets due to the curvature of the spring plate 25. That is, for example, if the bails B011 and B21 are out of home position and if one of the bails B01 and B31 is still in home position, the lower contact spring is only bent at its extreme end for the purpose of opening the contact lo. Thus it will be appreciated that bails B011 and B21 are the primary controlling factors and bails B01 and B31 are the secondary controlling factors in the operation of contacts 1b, the latter bails being eiective for independent control of the contacts only when the former bails remain in home position. The same principle of operation is provided for special contacts 2b which are operated by bails 01, 31 and 1I.

Contacts Ic are connected in series with the winding 111 and are closed if the bail B11 is out of home position.

Contacts 2a and 2b are connected in series with the Winding 21.

Contacts 2a are closed, if at least one of the bails B111 and B21 is out of home position and at least one of the bails B211 and B311 is in home position, whereas contacts 2b are opened, if the bails B01 and B31 are out of home position.

Contacts 2c are connected in series with the winding 211, and these contacts are closed whenever bail B21 is out of home position.

1n a. corresponding manner, winding 31 and contacts 3a are connected in series as are winding 311 and. the parallelly connected contacts 3c and N. Contacts 3a are closed if at least one of the bails B211 and B31 is out of home position and the bail B311 is in its home position.

Contact-s 3c and N, which are in parallel with each other and in series with winding 311, are operated if any one of the bails associated therewith is out of the home position.

Fig. 3 shows the control of the total contacts by the various bails. Contacts 1 are closed if the bails B111, B21 and B311 are altogether in their home position. Total contacts 2 are closed if the bails B011 and B111 are out of their home position, contacts 3 are closed if the bails B011 and B211 are out of their home position, and contacts 4 are closed il' the bails B011 and B311 are cut of their home position. Total contacts 5 are closed as long as bails B011, B211 and B31 all remain in their home position, Contacts 5 are closed upon movement of the bails B111 and B211 out of their home position, as are contacts 'I upon movement of bails B111 and B311 out of the home position. If the bails B011, B111, and B311 are altogether in home position, contacts 8 remain closed.

Total contacts 9 are closed if the bails B211 and B31 are out of their home position.

The closed condition of contacts 0 ole1 ends upon the bails B011, B111 and B211 all remain- Lastly, total contacts e' ing in home position, are closed if the bails B211 and B3II are out of their home position.

From the above record it appears that the position of the bails with respect to the position of the armature coordinated with the bails determines the condition of the adding and total contacts. The condition of the adding contacts determines according to its connection in series with exciting windings of the magnets. which of these windings may eventually receive a currentsupply. If by further wiring measures the conditions for the current supply to these windings are existing, a current ilow influences inl the already described manner the armatures of the corresponding magnets so that other predetermined armature positions are initiated. The bails connected with the armatures cause a new contact combination as described hereinbefore. The conditions for a current supply to the windings of the magnets which are connected in series with closed contacts of the contactr system appear from the description of the wiring diagram (Figs. 4 and 4a) following below. l

Two devices are indicated, which may be used for the entry of digit values into the Vcalculating mechanism, i. e., rst a value entry device, analyzing in a known manner record cards while in motion for the purpose of identifying the value holes punched into the record cards and secondly a keyv controlled value entry device with 'which each digit value is entered by the operation of several keys. By means of plug connections each of these value entry devices may be connected with the calculating mechanism, so that this one may be controlled'selectively by record cards or manually. Further, means are provided to enter each predetermined digit value additively or subtractively into the calculating mechanism. The latter is done by entering `the complementary value. Means are also provided to read out a product calculated in the calculating mechanism to a printing bank or the like. Of the calculating mechanism only the three l-owest calculating positions are shown, but from Figs. 4 and 4a it may readily be recognized how further positions are to receive entries.

For effecting current impulses upon the magnets of all calculating positions, two impulse emitters JI and JII are provided. 'Ihese effect the transmission of current impulses to the magnets, as is indicated in Fig. 5 by the crosshatched portions rin columns JI and JII. The current supply to the magnets is, however, still dependent on contacts of relays, being called hereafter brush relays, becausewith'the entry of values by means of record cards these relays are controlled by circuits flowing kfrom the analyzing brushes. The energization of a brush relay, one of which is provided for each position, is dependent upon the position *of a value to the contacts of the contact system a position corresponding to 0. f

The analyzation of holes in record cards 1s effected in a well known manner wherein the record card is moved along between acontact' roll 30 and a series of analyzing brushes 3|. For each card column one brush 3| is provided. The contact roll 30 is connected through a card c-ontact KK to the negative line 32 of a power source. The card contact is in a known manner controlled by the cards and is only closed, if a card is between the contact roll 30 and the brushes 3 I. Each brush 3| is connected conductively with plug socket 33 to permit each position of the analyzing mechanism to be connected by means of a exible plug wire selectively with any position of the calculating mechanism.

For the entry of the value by keys for each calculating position, nine keys with key contacts 34 are provided, whereby the key contacts related to a calculating position are connected jointly withka plug socket 35 for the selective connection with any position of the calculating mechanism. A commutator 36 (Fig. 4a) is provided ior `all positions in common and consists of a revolving pair of brushes 3l, wiping over a semi-circular common strip 38 and individual segments 39. Each segment 39 is designated with one of the digits 0-9 and accordingly connected by the lines 4i) with the related key contacts 34. The common strip 38 is connected via the line 4| with the negative line 32.

During the revolution of the pair of brushes 31 when using key controlled entry of the values and also upon movement of the record cards under the analyzing brushes when using record card controlled entry of the Values, the plug sockets 35 and 33 are connected at predetermined points of time according to the digit value to be entered With the negative line 32 of the power source. The points of time which are coordinated with the different numeral values are occurring with each value entry cycle in a sequence such as is indicatedin Fig. 5 column entitled Hole so that it is started with the digit index point 9. If plug connections are made from the sockets 33 or 35 to the plug sockets 42 of the calculating mechanism, then the sockets 42 are capable of being connected with the negative line 32 at each digit point of time to effect entry of a predetermined value in the calculating mechanism.

This connection of the socket 42 with the negative line at fixed points of time effects the connection with further switching elements due to the operativeness of the brush relay, the windings of which are indicated for the rst calculating position as BRIS, BRIH. The windings of the brush relays BRI, BR2, BR3, etc., of all positions are connected by means of a Acommon bar 43 via conductor 44 to positive line 45.

If one of the sockets 42, for example, the one for the lowest calculating position, is connected by one of the value entry devices at a predetermined point of time in accordance with the digit value with the negative line 32 a circuit is completed 'from the conductor 45 through the conductor 44, the bar 43, the brush relay winding BRIA, contacts VRS| to the plug socket 42. Therewith an energization of the brush relay BRI by its winding BRIA is eiected whereby the brush relay closes contacts BR|a which are connected in series with the winding BRIH. Winding BRIH receives therewith current as long as a cam Contact NI is closed (see Fig. 5) whereby the brush relay is kept in energized condition. From Fig". 5 it appears that the holding circuit for the brush relay remains closed up to the close of the value entry cycle. It is obvious, however, that the brush relay remains energized following the entry of a value during a period corresponding to the magnitude of the value to be entered. The brush relay effects, during this time, by the operation of its contacts in a manner to be described later on, the passage of current from the impulse emitters to the magnets of the relay of the corresponding calculating position.

The energization of the brush relay at the time of the entry signies an additive entry of a digit value. If a subtractive entry of a value has to be effected into the calculating mechanism, contacts SK are closed. Therewith the following circuit is closed: From the positive line 45 through the conductor 45, relay coil VRS, relay coil VRS', contacts SK, now closed, conductors 41 and 48 to negative line 32. The subtraction relay VRS transfers its contacts VRSI from the position shown, and the subtraction relays VRS likewise closes a contact VRS I. Thereby at the start of each value entry cycle the following circuit is closed: Positive line 45, conductor 44, bar 43, winding BRIA of the brush relay, contact VRS l, cam contacts N4, conductor 48, negative line 32. As may be seen from Fig. 5, the cam contact N4 is closed at a point of time, corresponding to the digit value 9. The short energization of the brush relay caused thereby through the winding BRlA initiates again a holding circuit for the winding BRlH through the cam contact Nl, being maintained up to the close of the value entry cycle. If, at a predetermined point of time in the entry cycle, the plug socket 42 is connected with the negative line, a circuit flows from the conductor 45 through conductor 44, winding BR I`S, contacts VRSI to the socket 42. The winding BRiS is wound oppositely to the winding BRIH on the brush relay. The current flow through the winding BRAS annuls therewith the effect of the holding circuit through the winding BRIH, so that the brush relay remains deenergized and following the breaking of its holding circuit remains also deenergized even though current flows through the winding BRIS.

If therefore the contacts SK are Closed, i. e., if the values are to be entered subtractively into the calculating mechanism, each brush relay is kept energized from the start of the value entry cycle, i. e., from the digit point of time 9 up to the point of time of the entry of a digit value. This causes current to be supplied to the individual magnets of the calculating mechanism under the control of the brush relay to effect an entry of arithmetical values into the magnets which are 9 complements. With this complementary entry of arithmetical values, provision must be made so that with each value entry in the position of the lowest order a l is entered additively in a manner well known in the art.

The switching devices dealt with in the foregoing for the position of the lowest order BRAS, BRIA and BRIH of the brush relay are also provided for each further position. The windings of the brush relays of these positions are indicated accordingly BRZS, BRZA, BRZH, and BRE-S, etc.

Besides the contacts described for the iirst poe sition for each of the following positions there are still provided carry contacts URib (for the second position) UR2b (for the third positionl etc., serving for the tens carry operation. If these carry contacts are in position of rest, as shown in Figs. 4 and 4a, there is no change in the line connections from that describe-rl for the first position. If, however, for example the second. calculating position, the switch Contact URIb is reversed, the winding BRZA of the brush relay of c un the second position is connected in series with cam contacts N2 which, according to Fig. 5 are closed for a short time after the completion of a value entry cycle. At that time the following circuit is closed: Positive line 45, conductor 44, bar 43, BRZA, URIb, now transferred, contacts N2, conductor 48, to negative line 32. For each of the contacts URIb, URZb, etc., there is a separate pair of contacts N2 to obviate the possibility of back circuits. Immediately after the value entry portion of the cycle the brush relay is energized by the winding BRZA for a short time, whereby the brush relay permits an impulse transmission to the magnets for this period of time. The time is suicient to effect the entry of a l into the magnets. Presently the manner in which the magnets of the individual positions are connected with the impulse transmitters and with the brush relay contacts will be described.

The free ends of the windings UI up to 3H shown in Fig. 2 of the magnets M0 up to M3 are connected by aconductive bar 49 with one another. From this bar a current path flows over the resetting contact LK, a conductor to negative line 32, so that during the operation of the calculating mechanism the bar 49 is connected with the minus potential. The ends of the contacts 0b. lb, 2b, and 3a in each calculating position are connected by a common bar, designated 5l, which in the first calculating position may be brought into conductive connection with the positive line 45, through a brush relay contact BRIc, in the second position through a brush relay contact BRZC, etc., by means of an impulse emitter JI which is common to all positions. Lines 53 are provided for the connection of the contacts BRic, BRZC, etc., with the impulse emitter JI. The free ends oi the contacts Bc, Ic, 2c, 3c, and N (Fig. 2) in each calculating position are connected with one another by a common bar 52. The bar 52 of the rst calculating position 1s connected with a middle contact spring 54 of contacts BRld of the brush relay. By means of these contacts, the bar 52 may be connected either through the contact spring 55 and the conductor 51 directly, or through the contact spring 56 and impulse emitter JII, to positive line 45. Correspondingly the second calculating position is provided with contacts BRZd, the third calculating position with contacts BRSCZ, etc. All springs 55 of these contacts are connected by ccnductor 51 and all springs 55 by conductor 58.

As for the total contacts (Fig. 3) the contacts 0-9 for each calculating position are connected with one another by a common bar 69 which is also connected to a plug socket 6l. The similarly numbered contacts 0-9 of all calculating positions are connected jointly by conductors 62 and 40 with the corresponding individual contacts 39 of the commutator 3E. The plugr sockets 6| are provided for the reading out of values computed in the calculating mechanism in conjunction with the total contacts.

The read out of a value represented by closed total contacts in the calculating mechanism is effected by means of plug connections from the plug sockets 6l to say the plug sockets 63 of a printing bank, each printing bank position being supplied with such a plug socket 63. In Fig. 4a, at the bottom, a printing bank of the well known type is indicated, on which type bars are arrested while in motion at predetermined points of time by magnets SMI, SM2, SMB, etc., whereby the type bars are positioned in accordance with the digit values for the purpose of printing these values on a record sheet. The type bars are moved synchronously with the brushes 31 of the commutator 36 up to their stoppage. A11 print magnets SMI, etc., are connected through contacts SWK to positive line 45. If the contacts SWK are closed under machine control or manually, what occurs, if a value entered into the calculating mechanism is to be identified by print, is that magnets SMI, etc., are energized at predetermined points of time in accordance with closed total contacts. For the magnet SMI, this is done in the following way: Positive line 45, printing bank contacts SWK, now closed, magnet SMI, plug socket 63 of the position of the lowest order, plug connection from 63 to 6I, plug socket 6I, bar 6D, total contacts 5, for example, conductors 62 and 40, commutator contacts 39 (segment brushes 31, common strip 38, conductor 4 I, to negative line 32.

'Ihe total contacts z (Figs. 3, 4, and 4a) serve for the tens carry and are always closed after the total contacts 9 have been closed during a calculating cycle and remain closed up to the opening of contacts 9 by operations of the calculating mechanism which will be described below. With the common current bar 49 of the magnet windings of the magnet system in each calculating position there is also connected a tens carry relay, i. e., URI for the position of the lowest order, UR2 for the position of the next higher order, etc. In the position of the lowest order the tens carry relay URI is connected with contacts z of this position and also with a contact BRIb of the brush relay in this position and with the impulse emitter JI in series. y

If thetotal contacts z of the position of the lowest order are closed and furthermore the brush relay of the lowest position is energized, which according to the description given below is the case with the change of the contact positions from a combination corresponding to the digit 9 to a combination corresponding to the digit 0, the following circuit is closed through emitter JI: Positive line 45, impulse emitter JI, brush relay contacts BRIb, tens carry contacts z, tens carry relay URI, resetting contacts LK, conductor 50, to negative line 32.l The energization of the tens carry relay URI thereby initiates the closing of its holding contact URIa.

`In the following calculating positions the relay URZ is similarly connected in series with contacts URZa, the relay UR3 with the contact UR3a, etc. The contacts URIa, etc., are connected by a conductor with each other and with cam contacts N3. If during a calculating cycle a tens carry relay has been energized, cam contacts N3 maintain a holding circuit, flowing, e. g., for URI from positive line 45, through contacts N3, URIa, URI, LK, wire 50 to negative line 32. The closing time of the cam contacts N3, as may be seen from Fig. 5, begins with each calculating cycle and ends after the opening of cam contacts N2, which, as already mentioned control, rin the second calculating position in conjunction with closed contacts URIb after a calculating cycle, the transfer of the "1 to this position of the calculating mechanism.. 'The contacts URIb closed with the energization of the tens carry relay URI. Therefore it may be said that the energization of URI of a calculating operation causes the transfer of a 1" to the second calculating position.

If in the second calculating position at the close of a calculating cycle there is a contact combination corresponding to the digit value 9,

i. e., if also in this position the contact a is closed this causes simultaneously with the tens transfer to the second position a tens carry to the third position. For this purpose instead of the brush relay contacts BRIb provided for the lowest position there is provided brush relay contacts BR2b, BR3b, etc., for each of the other calculating positions. The middle contact spring 1I of each set of commutator contacts is connected with the contact z of the same position, the lower contact spring 12 is connected by the conductor 53 with the impulse emitter JI, and the upper contact spring 13 is connected over a conductor 14 with the tens carry relay of the por siticn of the next lower order, e. g., URI.

If in the lowest calculating position during the calculating cycle the tens carry relay URI has been energized and if at the end of this working cycle there is a contact combination in the next higher calculating position, corresponding to the digit value 9, so that in this position contacts z are closed, then the holding circuit for the tens carry relay URI of the lowest position causes also an energization of the tens carry relay URZ of the second position. The relay URZ is then Within the following circuit: Positive line 45, cam contacts N3, conductor 1I), contacts URIa, conductor 14, brush relay contacts BR2b (Fig. 4a) contacts a of the second position, tens carry relay URZ, bar 49, contacts LK, conductor 59, to negative line 32. Therewith the tens carry relays of the first and of the second calculating positions are connected in parallel. Both relays cause a change in their contacts URIb (for the brush relay of the second position) and URZb (for the brush relay of the third position), so that the brush relays of the second and the third positions control a carry of l after the Value entry cycle during the closing time of the cam contacts N2.

As the relay provided for each position, consisting of the magnets and their contacts and the switching means coacting with it have already been described, it now is advisable to set forth predetermined arithmetic problem to illustrate the operation of the calculating mechanism particularly with regard to the energization of the windings ofA the magnets and the closing of the contacts of the system.

Let it be assumed first of all, that during the time from A-B in Fig. 6 the calculating relays are currentless, which condition is present upon switching off of the power source or upon the opening of the resetting contacts LK. Between points of time B and C the calculating relays are supplied with current and then from the point of time C the digit value 9 is introduced in a position of the calculating mechanism, the value entry portion of the cycle lasting up to the point of time D.v From D the relays remain energized up to E when the digit value 2 is entered into the same position into which the digit value 9 has already been entered. The entry of the digit value 2 lasts up to the point of time F. From the point of time F up to the point of time G it may be assumed that a tens carry from the next lower position is eiected, so that'to the sum of 9 and 2 a 1 is added in the position to be handled. During the time G-H-'th'e relay structure remains energized.

Fig. 6 shows the relationships on the' basis of the assumed arithmetic problems, the intervals AB, BC, DE, and HGrH may be longer than indi- Acated'in Fig. 6, whereas thevalueentry time CD for the digit value 9, EF for the digit value 2 and FG for the digit value l (tens carry) are determined by the size of the digit values. The time being required for the entry of the digit values 1-9 are to be seen from Fig. 5, where the same scale is applied as in Fig. G for ie time oi the entry of the values 9, 2 and 11. With record card control, the times shown in Fig. 5 are repeated with each record card feed so that there is always a possible value entry from 9 up to 0 and a possible tens carry operation between O and 11. Accordingly, the times CD, EF and FG of Fig. G correspond with the digit times shown in Fig. 5 as follows: CD from 9 to 0, EF from 2 to 0 and FG from 0" up to 11.

Ii the device is currentless (time AB, Fig. 6l

ie contacts 0l), il), 2h, N, G, l, 5, and 8 are closed, as no armatures of the relays are attracted and all bails B01-B311 are in home po sition. This contact combination is without any importance.

Ii the current is switched on, the condition oi each calculating relay is at once changed, as the windings 311 are energized in the following manner: Positive line 45, wire 51', contact springs 55 and bar 52, contacts N, winding 311, bar 9, contacts LK, wire 50, to negative line 32. The current flow through each winding 311 causes the attraction of all armatures A31 and A311, .vhereby the bails B31 and B311 are moved out oi their home position. Thus contacts N, i, 5, and 8 are opened and the contacts 6a and 3c are closed. Of the total contacts only the contacts 0 remain closed. That means that the relay of each calculating position has obtained a combination of closed contacts representing the digit velue 0. In each relay this contact combination is maintained until a value entry is effected. If the contacts SWK, were closed the printing blank would print a zero in each position.

If shortly before the point of time C (Fig. Gl the entry of the digit 9 into a calculating position is started, e. g., into the second position, the entry causes energization ofv the brush relay of this position as already described from 9" up to 0. The entry also causes for this time a closing of thecontacts BRZb, BR2c, BRM and therewith an alternating control ci the calculating relay by the impulse emitters J1 and JII. With the transfer of contacts BRM at the point of, time of the entry, the contacts of the impulse emitter JII closed, so that the transfer does not change the condition of the relay, even though the current path 57, 55, 54, 52, etc., is broken, since JII. 5E, 54, 52. etc., forms a parallel path to maintain the relay.

In connection with the digit point of time 9, i. e., at the point of time C, the impulse emitter JI effects the current supply to the calculating relay and the contacts of emitter J11 open. Thus, the winding 311 becomes currentless at this time so that the armatures A31 and A311 fall off, i. e., A31 more quickly than A311. The falling oi of the armature A31 causes opening of contacts 3c, the falling oi of the armature A311 an opening of the contact 0a and a closing of the contact l. On account of the slow falling oi of the armature A311 the opening of the con tact 0a is delayed so long by the bail B311, that the current impulse of the impulse emitter J1 may still reach the coil 01 through the contacts 0b and 0c. The resulting energization of the magnet M0 causes an attraction of the armature A01, whereby its bail B01 closes the contacts 0c and 0a. Thereupon the current supply to the calculating relay is eiected by the impulse emitter JII. This causes a current now through the coil 011 through the contact 0c, before the armature A01 can fall ofi due to the deenergization of the coil controlled by the impulse emitter JI. The current now through the coil 011 energizes the magnet system M0 in such a way that both armatures A01 and A011 are attracted. The armature A011 causes through the bail B011 connected with it a closing of the contact la and an opening of the contact 0. Of the total contacts there remains, after the influence of the impulse emitters JI and JII between the digit points of time 9 and 8, only contacts i closed, i. e., the relay of this calculating position has been brought to the digit value 1. After the digit point of time "8 (Fig. 6) there is again eiected a current supply to the relay by the impulse emitter J1. The winding 011 becomes currentless as the contacts of JII are opened. In its place the winding 0I is energized through the current impulse emitted J1 and the contacts 0a, 0b, so that the armature A01 and A011 remain attracted. Simultaneously the winding l1 is energized over the contacts la and Il). Owing to the current now through the windl1 the armature AlI is attracted and, by means of the bail BII, the contact lc is closed. The contact la is kept closed besides by the bail B611, in the same manner as by the bail B II.

The current supply coming thereafter by way of impulse emitter JII causes a current flow through contacts Ic and winding III. The winding l1 does no longer receive current for the energization of the magnet Ml, so that magnet MI is now only energized by the winding |11. Thus the armature AI 1I is attracted, while the armature A11 remains attracted. The same refers to the magnet M0, the winding 01 of which is now currentless and the winding 011 of which is receiving current over the contact 0c, so that the armatures A01 and A011 remain attracted. As the bail B011 of the armature A011 is already out of home position, the contact 0b remains closed despite the movement of the bail BIII with the attraction of the armature AIII. The bail BIII closes the contacts 2a and 2, whereas it opens contacts l, so that of the total contacts, contacts 2 only are closed at this time.

After the digit point of time 7, the winding 21 is energized by the impulse emitter JI over the contacts 2a and 2b. The current flow through the winding 21 causes armature A21 to be attracted and therewith the bail B21 leaves its home position, whereby contacts 2c are closed. Although the winding 011 becomes currentless, the winding 0I, in receiving current through the contacts 0a and 0b, takes care ofthe energization of the magnet M0, so that the armature A01 and A011 remain attracted. The bails B011 and B21 cause contacts Ib to open by Virtue of their action on spring plate 25. The winding |11 of the magnet Ml cannot receive current from the impulse emitter JI and the winding I1 cannot receive current on account of the opened contacts lb, so that the energization of the magnet the contacts 3a. The energization of the magnet M is maintained despite of the deenergization of the winding 01, as the winding 011 is again energized through contacts 0c, so that the armatures A01 and A011 remain attracted. As now the bails BUE and B211 are both out of home position, total contacts 3 are closed.

After the digit point of time 6 the emitter JI completes a circuit through contacts 3a to energize winding 31 and through the contacts 0a and 0b to energize the winding 01 instead of the winding 011. Thereby the armature A31 is attracted while the armatures A01 and A011 remain attracted. The bail B31 is moved out of home position, closes the contacts 3c and separates in common with the bail B01, being already moved out of home position, the contacts 2b, so that the winding 21 cannot receive current, As the winding 211 is currentless due to the change of the impulse emitters, the energization of the magnet M2 ceases, so that the armatures A21 and A211 fall off. Upon the bail B211 returning to home position, the bail B31 keeps the contacts 3a closed. The bail B211 opens the contacts 3. When the bail B21 returns to home position, the contacts 2a and 2c are opened. The following current supply through the impulse emitter JII ows by way of the contacts 0c to the winding 011 and over the contacts 3c to the Winding 311. This causes, in spite of the deenergization of the windings 01 and 31, both armatures A01 and A011 of the magnet M0 to remain attracted. Magnet windings 31 and 311 become energized to attract their armatures A31 and A311. The bail B311 leaves its home position and opens the contacts 0a, as the bails B01 and B011 are also out of home position. The bail B311 also opens the contacts 3a and closes the total contact 4.

After the digit point of time 5, the current supply is again effected through the impulse i `B011 and B311, so that the contacts lb are already closed by the bails B01 and B31 While the contact la is still kept closed by the bail B011 so that the winding II receives current by which the armature AII is attracted and the bail BII is moved out of home position. The contacts la are kept closed by the bail BII. The return of the bail B01 causes the opening of the contacts 0c, the return of the bail BII closing the contacts Ic, thereturn of the bails B01 and B31 the 'closing of the contacts 2b, the kreturn of the bail B31 the opening of the contacts 3c, the return of the bails B011 and B311 an opening of the contacts 4, and the return of the bails B011 and B31 a closing of the contacts 5. Thereupon the impulse emitter JII causes a current ilow through contacts Ic and the winding |11. The armature rAI1 remains attracted in spite of the deenergization of the winding i1, and the armature AIII is kattracted. The bail B111 being moved out of home position opens the contacts 0b and closes the contacts 2a. Of all the total contacts, now only contacts are closed.

After the digit point of time 4 the impulse emitter J1 supplies current through the contacts la and lb to the winding II' and throughthe contacts 2a and 2b to the Winding 21. While the winding III is currentless, the magnet Ml is energized by the winding I1, so that the armatures AIIand AIII remain attracted. The current now through the Winding 21 causes an attraction of the armature A21, the bail of which B21 closes the contacts 2c. By the substitution of the current supply through the impulse emitter JII, the winding |11 receives current through the contacts lc, and the winding 211 through the contacts 2c. Thereby the magnet systems Ml and M2 remain energized despite the deenergization of the windings l1 and 21, i. e., in such a way, that in addition to the armatures AII, AIII and A21 the armature A211 is also attracted. The bail B211, which is then moved out of home position, opens the contacts 5 and closes the contacts 3a and permits, in view of the bail BI11 also being out of home position, the closing of the total contacts 6.

After the digit point of time 3, the winding l1 obtains current from the impulse emitter J1 through the contacts la and Ib, and the winding 31 through the contacts 3a. The Winding |11 becomes currentless but the magnet system MI remains energized on account of the current flow through the winding l1, so that the armatures A11 and AIII remain attracted. The current iiow through the winding 31 causes an attraction of the armature A31. Thus as the bail B31 is moved out of home position, it eiects in common with the bail BII acting on they spring plate 25, opening of the contacts 2b., Thus the current supply to the winding 21 is interrupted so that, as the winding 211 is also currentless, the magnet M2 is deenergized and its armatures A21 and A211 are returned to their home position. The bail B31 closes the contacts 3c. The total con- .tacts 6 are opened by the bail B211 and the contacts 2c by the bail B21. Thereupon the impulse emitter J11 transmits current through the contacts ic to the winding |11 and through the contacts 3c to the Winding 311. The magnets Ml and M3 then become fully energized so that the armatures AII, A111 and A31 remain attracted and armature .A311 is attracted. The bail B311 which is moved out of home position, closes the contacts 0a, opens the contacts 3a, and permits in common with the bail BI11 the opening of the contacts la and the closing of the total contacts l'.

As at the digit point or time 2, the contacts la and 3d' are opened, the winding I1 and also the winding 31 are no longer energized by the impulse emitter J1, and the windings |11 and 311 4become currentless. Thereby the magnets Ml and M3 are deenergized, so that their armatures A|1 and AIII, A31 and A311 restore to normal. The restoration of the armature A311 causes opening of the contacts ila. Simultaneously the falling away of the armature AIII causes a closing of the contacts 0b. As the contacts 0b are thus opened before the contact 0a is closed, a current flow through the winding 01 does not take place. By virtue of the falling away of the armature A31, its bail B31 causes the contacts 2b to close before the contacts 2a are opened. In the meantime the impulse emitter J1 energizes the winding 21, so that the armature A21 is attracted. The bail B21, instead of the bail BIII, eifects the closing of the contacts 2a and also closes the contacts 2c. The return of the bail BII causes an opening of .the contacts Ic, the return of the bail B31 an opening ofthe contacts 3c, and the return of the bails B111 and B311 an opening of the contact 1 and a closing of the contacts 8. The impulse emitter J11 energizes the winding 211 through contacts 2c, now closed. As the winding 21 becomes currentless, the Winding 211 energizes the magnet M2 alone, i. e., in such a way that besides the armature A21 also the armature A211 is attracted. Its bail B211 closes the contacts 3a and opens the contacts 0b. rTotal contacts 8 remain the only total contacts which are closed.

After the digit point of time 1 the winding 21 is energized by the impulse emitter J1 through the contacts 2a and 2h and the winding 31 through the contacts 3a. The winding 211 becomes currentless while the winding 21 energizes the magnet system suiliciently to keep the armatures A21 and A211 attracted. The current flow through the winding 31 causes an attraction of the armature A31. Its bail B31 then closes the contacts 3c and 9. At this time the impulse emitter J11 transmits current through contacts 2c to the winding 211 and through the contacts 3c to the winding 311. Thereby the armatures A21 and A211 and A31 are kept attracted in spite of the deenergization of the windings 21 and 31,

and the armature A311 is also attracted. The bail B311 being thus moved out of home position causes a closing of the contact a and causes in common with the bail B211 a closing of the contact a and an opening of the contact 2a. The bail B311 opens also the contacts 3a. and 8. Of all the total contacts, there are finally only contacts 9 and a closed.

Besides the described operations with the changing influence on the relay by the impulse emitters J1 and J11 through the effect of the impulse emitter J1 on various occasions, individual total contacts (3, l, 5 and 8) were closed and under the influence of the impulse emitter .111 thereafter opened again. These contact closings are, however, immaterial as before the digit points of time following them they are broken again and as these total contacts do not control any changes in the condition of the magnets. Thus, the closings of contacts 0 after the digit points of time 5 and "2, of contacts l after the digit points of time "6 and 5, contacts 5 after the digit points of time 9 and 2 and contacts 8 after the digit points of time 9 and "5 have no material effect.

t the end of the last current impulse of the impulse emitter J11, the digit point of time 0 is also over, so that the brush relay falls away. The contacts BRZD, BEL20, and BRM, are then returned again to the position in Fig. 4a, so that a permanent current from the positive line over the conductor E?, the contact springs 55, 54 energizes the magnet system and keeps the windings 211 and 311, energized during the previous impulse transmission, under current. Therefore the contacts Go., ib, 2b, 2c, 3c, 9 and a remain likewise closed. This contact combination corresponds to the digit value 9, in accordance with the entry of a "9 into the magnet system of the calculating position being handled. The closed total contacts 9 would cause a print of the digit "9 upon the closing of the printing bank contacts SWK.

1f shortly before time E (Fig. 6), i. e., at the index point of time (Fig. 5) the entry of a "2 is started into the calculating position, in a manner similar to the entry of a 9 which just was described, from the time E or when the brush relay was energized with the entry and therewith contacts, such as BRZb, BH2C and BRM were operated, the magnet system is brought again under the eilect of the impulse emitters JI and J11 up until the time F. First the impulse emitter J1 energizes the magnet system from the digit point of time 2. As the holding circuits for the windings 211 and 311 are opened by the brush rela-y, these windings become currentless. As no further windings are energized, the armatures of the magnets M2 and M3 drop so that all bails of the system are moved to home position. Thereby contacts (la, 2c, 3c are opened and the contacts 0b, N, 0, i, 5, and 8 are closed. At this time a current supply for the winding 311 from the impulse emitter J11 through contacts N is eiected. 1n this manner the magnet M3 is energized so that its armatures A31 and A311 are attracted. The bail B31 is moved out of home positions, closes the contacts 3c, and opens the contacts N and 5. The bail B311, which is like- Wise moved out of home position, closes the contact Go and opens the contacts l and 8. Contacts li remain as the only total contacts closed, i. e., the relay corresponds in the present position of its contacts to the digit value 0. This position was already reached at the point of time C of Fig. 6, before the calculating device had been energized at all. From the digit point of time l up to the digit point of time G with the example of the entry of a 2 into the calculating position the same operation is effected, as with the example of the entry of a 9 into the calculating position between the digit points of time 9 and 8. Thus at the point of time F (Fig. 6) there exists a contact combination, corresponding to the digit value 1, i. e., to the unit value of the product of the addition 9-1-2.

1f a tens transfer from the position of the next higher order to the calculating position which is in issue is required, in the latter, as already described, after the digit point of time 0 (Fig. 5) up to the digit point of time ll the brush relay is energized, whereby the magnet comes under the control of the impulse emitters. 1n Fig. 6 between F and G the effect of the tens transfer upon the relay in question is shown.

The contact positions are assumed for the purpose of the described examples and existing during the point of time F correspond to the digit value 1. This digit value was already represented between C and D at the digit point of time 8 by these contact positions. Exactly as these positions were changed up to the digit point of time 'i' to the contact positions corresponding to the digit value 2 under the iniiuence of the impulse emitters, also during the interval between F and G are the contact positions changed to the value 2 since during the latter time the brush relay contacts BREb, BRC. and BRZd are switched over. If these contacts are returned to their home positions following the deenergization of the brush relays, the above contact positions are maintained by the permanent current over wires 5l', E5, and 54. The value 2 accumulated in the relay of the calculating position may then be printed in the printing bank.

A tens carry is effected in all calculating positions simultaneously in which the brush relay is energized after the digit point of time 0 (Fig. 5) until after the digit point of time 11. This may occur under certain conditions also in successive positions, in accordance with the description of the connections for the tens transfer 1elays URI, UR2, etc., given hereinbefore.

In Jthe second form of embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, the connecthe contacts of the individual magnets in the cal.-y

culating device is such that the figure 02206979588 is standing therein. To this figure, during the value entry operation, the figure 07808369192 hasL to be added, so that the calculating device indicates thereafter the gure 10015348780 by the position of its contacts. The individual positions of thecalculating'device are represented inthe Fig. '7 by vertical columns and are designated on the first line. The `digits on the second line of Fig. '7 indicate the digit value entered inthe calculating device before the adding operation. In each vertical column there are indicated, independent of the digit points of time 9-"0"en teredat the left` of Fig. 7, the` digit valuesentered in the corresponding 'calculating positions during the adding cycle. The rblackv circularareas in the individual columns indicate points of time, during which, the record card analyzation and entry of digit values into the different calculating positions are effected. The diagonally crosshatched portions of the columns show` when the respective calculating position is in `motion on account of the adding of a value. The horizontally crosshatched portions of the columns indicate that at the designated timesftens carry operations from one position to the position of the next higher order or successively to several positions of the next higher order are effected.

For the entry of values in the manner shown in Fig. 7 in addition to impulse emitters JI and JII there are provided still two'further impulse emitters JIII and JIV. The impulse emitters JIII and JIV serve for the tens carry and are operative prior to the impulse emitters JI and JII between two digit time intervals, as indicated at the left of Fig. 7.

With the start of the value entry, according to the example shown in Fig. '7, in the fourth calculating position, the contact combination is set to the value "9" from which it has to be changed at once at the beginning of the adding cycle on account of the entry of a "9 in this position Yof the value 0. Thereby a tens carry A to the position 5 is necessary kand takes place prior to the change of the combination in the fourth position from "9 to 0. `In the same manner the tens transfer B from the second po-` sitinto the third position is effected. With the tens carry C, starting from the fth position, a` carryto `the positions 6, 1, and 8 is necessary, since positions 8 and 1 are set to the value 9. The tens carry to the three calculating positions 6,"1, and 8 is effected simultaneously. The'tens carry D is principally similar to the tenscarry A and B with the difference that the position to which the numeral has to be added is in motion. f i

i While the tens carry operations cited up to now are always occurring if in the positions for which a tens carry is necessary a .'9" is enterd, a tenscarry is also demonstrated to occur if a calculating position, in the'present case the po sition l0, is `still setto thevalue "8 but in the course ofthe value entry operation would still change over to the value "9 and then go beyond the value 9; In the example E, the position 9 requiresa tenscarry tothe position I0. As this position is setto 8 and is stillin motion, a current tens carry iseiected also to the position The application of the tens carry points of time `to the value entry cycle requires changes in theconnections of Figs. 4 and 4a. yThe wiring diagram on which these changes are effected is shown on Fig.. 8. Fig. 8 shows only those portionsof Figs.` 4, 4a which are necessary to illustrater the changes in the `wiring diagram.

According to Fig.\8 the brush relay ofeach position is under the influence of a value entry device (see plug socket 42) and of the cam contacts NI and N4 in "the manner described for the first embodiment in regard to the calculating position of the lowest order. Also the common connection 48 of -vallz windings of the magnets M0,` MI, M2, and M3 and of the carry'control relays URI, UR2, etc., yas well as the connection through the resetting contact LK, the conductor 50 `to the conductor `32 vremain the same. The impulse emitters JI and JII are connectedwith the positive line 45 as before, and theimpulse emitter JI is connected through wires 53 -with the brush relay contacts BRIc, BRZc, etc., and the impulse emitter JII through the wires 58 with the brush relay contacts BRId, BR2d. The lowericontact springs 55 of the contacts BRId, BR2d, etc., are connected by the wires 51 with one another and with `the conductor 45.y Contacts BRlcof the calculating position of the lowest order are connected with the commonbar 5|, and the middle contact spring 54 of contacts BRId is connected directly with the bar 52 of the contact system of the rst calculating position.

In the second calculating position, the connection ofthe brush relay contact BRZVc with the bar 5| through carry relay contacts URIa, and the connection of brush relay contacts BRZd with the bar 52 through carry relay contacts'URlb are effected. This 'arrangement of carry relay contacts indicated for the second position is provided for all further positions. The contacts URla consist of an upper contactspring (connected with BR2c), a middle contact spring 8| (connected ywith 5i) `and a lower contact spring 82. The corresponding contacts URZa, etc., of the following positions are arranged in the same manner. The contact springs 82 are connected with one another by wires 83 and alsowith an impulse emitter JIII. 'I'he contacts URIb, UR2b, etc., consist each of anl upper contact spring 84 (connected with BRZd, etc), a' middle contact spring 85 (connected with 52) and a lower con'- tact spring 86. 'I'he contact springs 86 are connected with each other by wires 81 and also with an impulse emitter JIV. The impulse emitters JIII and JIV are connected with positive line 45 as are emitters JI and JII. In addition to the conductor 83, a conductor 88 is connected with the impulse emitter JIII for effecting av supply of current to the tens carry relays URL'URZ, etc., under the control of thev impulse emitter JIII.

The renergization of the carry control relays URI, rURZ etc. is dependent upon the position of further brush relay contacts BRIe, BR2e,` etc., and upon the position of the contacts z of the contact systems. The contacts z of the various ccntact systems are indicated in Fig. 8 in circuit relation with the rest of the contact system and include contacts el, z2, etc. The energizationof carry relays URZ, UR3, etc., is furthermore dependent upon the brush relay contacts BRZf, BR3f, etc., and upon special totalcontacts 8 which are indicated in Fig. 8 according to which caloulating positions they are associated with by the reference numerals 8 (2) 8 (3), etc.

If say in the lowest position the brush relay is energizedas a result of a value entry therein and therewith its contact BRI e is closed, and the contact combination forthis position is set to the value 9 (in which case contacts 2| are closed), then the transfer relay URI is energized yby an impulse transmitted from impulse emitter JIII. If upon energization of URI, contacts a2 are closed (contact combination at the value 9) and the brush relay contacts BRZe are lin the indicated position (no value entry in the second position), then the transfer relay UR2 ofthe second position is energized simultaneously with URI. The same occurs, ifin the second position contacts 8 (2) instead of contacts z2 are closed (contact combination on the value 8) and brush relay contacts BRZf are closed (upon value entry) If also in the third position, either z3 is closed and BR3e in the position shown or if 8 (3) is closed and BR3e and BR3 shifted, then along with the carry relays URI and UR2, the carry relay UR3 of the third position is also energized.

The preliminary conditions for the energizetion of the carry relay of the lowest position (see tens carry D in Fig. '7) apply also to the other positions (see tens carrys A, B, C and E in Fig. 7). The described conditions for the energization of the carry relays of the positions following the lowest position apply also to the position following a position being ready for the passing from 9 to "0 (compare tens carry C and E in Fig. 7) The energization of carry'relays of individual positions on the basis of the described conditions establishes, by virtue of the shitting of its contacts (i. i., URIa and URIb or UR2a and UR2b) a connection between the impulse emitters JIII, JIV and the magnets of the relay of the next higher position coordination.

If a value entry into a calculating position at a predetermined digit point of time is effected, thereupon, the same as with the iirst form-of embodiment, between two digit points of time a switching of the relay of this position by one digit value takes place, i. e., a change from one contact combination corresponding to a digit value to a contact combination corresponding to the next higher digit value. This is done upon the energization of a brush relay, for example ythat of the lowest position by av current impulse from the impulse emitter JI through brush relay contacts BRIc to the bar 5| of the relay and by a current impulse from the emitter JII connected thereto through brush relay contacts BRI d to the bar 52 of the relay. Upon energizationof the brush relays of the following positions the impulse emitters JI and JII are rendered effective through the brush relay contacts BRZc andBRZd, BR3c, and BRM, etc.

For the tens carry operations the switching of the respective relays by one digit value is effected by the impulse emitters JIII and JIV, whereby JIII transmits first a current impulse to the bar 5I and then JIV a current impulse to the bar .52 of the corresponding relay. The operations of each relay by the current impulses successively supplied to the bars 5| and 52 have-already been explained with reference to Fig. 6. It is thereby immaterial whether these current supplies are controlled by the impulse emitters JI and JII or by the impulse emitters JIII and JIV.

effective in the following order: JIII, JIV, JI,` JII. This means that when tens carrys are necessai-y between two digit points of time, rst the tens carry and then the switching on account of the value entry is effected, so that in each position which is in motion and which is to receive a tens carry the corresponding relay is operated in the interval between two digit points of time to an extent indicative of an entry of two unit values. If in a particular position a tens carry is necessary even though no value entry has been effected in this position, the relay is operated only to the extent of one digit value, under the influence of the impulse emitters JIII and JIV between two index points of the time. The closing times of the impulse emitters JI, JII, JIII and JIV are represented in Fig. 9 by crosshatched areas. The effect of the impulse emitters JIII and JIV upon the relays of the second, third, etc. position is dependent on the position of the contacts URIa, URIb, URZa, URZb, etc., of the carry control relays of the next lower position (URI, URZ, etc.).

If, for example, the carry relay URI of the rst position is energized so that its contacts URIa and URIb are switched over` from the position shown in Fig. 8, the relay of the second position is connected through the contact springs 8| and 82 with the impulse emitter JIII and through the contact springs and 86 with the impulse emitter JIV, so that the impulse emitters JIII and JIV may switch the relay to the extent of one digit value.

During the return of the contacts URIa and URIb to their home position, caused by the deenergization of the transfer relay URI at the end of the current impulse from the impulse emitter JIII and following the sluiting of the contact; springs 84, 85, and 86, all the contact springs are connected with one another so that upon the contact closing effected by the' current supply from the impulse emitter JIV, no interruption to the relay occurs and upon a prema ture termination of the switch over, a replacement of the impulse emitter JIV by the impulse emitter JII takes place to provide for the proper termination of the current impulse.

If a relay is switched by the impulse emitters JIII and JIV by one digit value to effect a tens carry and if a further switching on account of value entry is required, this is effected in connection with the tens carry in the already described manner under control of the impulse emitters JI and JII.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to two embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An electrical relay accumulator for a calculating machine in which digital entries are effected in different denominational orders thereof comprising, in each denominational order, a plurality of electromagnets, each having a pair of windings of different strengths, there being an armature for each winding, operable upon energization of the related winding, the Winding of greater strength for each magnet operating both related armatures of the correspondingmagnet,

a plurality of pairs of contacts adjustable to openv or closed position, certain of which are adjusted independently by one armature, others by one or more armatures, and others by the joint action of more than one armature, each of the digits being represented by a different relative adjustment of said plurality of pairs of contacts, circuit connec' tions between the pairs of contacts and the mag.- net windings, arranged so that foreach digitv representing adjustment of the `pairs of contactsdif ferent circuit paths are established through the contacts to the windings to effectr a change in the adjustment of the contacts to represent the next higher digit, impulse emitting means for transmitting a plurality of successive impulses through,

the contacts and windings whereby each digit will be represented in turn, means for selectively controlling the number of impulses transmitted whereby an initial digital setting of the 'contacts willbe advanced a number of digits in accordance with the' number of impulses transmitted; and

means controlled by the contacts oflower orders when a lower order setting passesl from 9 to 0 for causing said emittingmeans to cause entryof an additional unit kin the higher order magnets.

2. An electrical relay accumulator for a calculating machine in which digital entries are effected in different denominational orders thereof comprising, in each denominational order, four electromagnets, each having a pair of windings of a pair of unrelated armatures, each of the' digits being represented by a different relative adjustment of said plurality of pairsof contacts,

circuit connections betweenthe pairs of contacts. and the magnet windings, arranged so that for` each digit representing adjustment of the pairs of contacts different circuitv paths are established through the contacts tothe windings to effect a change in the adjustment of the contacts to represent the next higher digit, impulse emitting means for transmitting a plurality of successive pairs of impulses through the contacts and windings, the impulses of each pair being also in successive order, whereby each digit will be represented in turn, means for selectively controlling the number of pairs of impulses transmitted whereby an initial digital setting of the contacts will be advanced a number of digits in accordance with the number of pairs of impulses transmitted; and means controlled by the contacts of lower orders when a lower order setting passes from 9 to 0 for causing said emitting means to emit an additional pair of carry impulse to the higher order magnets.

3. An order of an electrical accumulator comprising a plurality of electromagnets, each having a pair of windings of different strengths, a plurality of pairs of contacts adjustable under control of said windings to open or closed position, certain of which pairs of contacts are adjusted upon energization of one winding, others upon energization of one or more windings and others upon the joint energization of more than one winding, energization of any winding of greater strength causing the contacts of the related winding of lesser strength to become adjusted, each of the digits being represented by a different relative adjustment of said plurality of pairs ofl contacts, circuit connections between the pairs of 'contacts and the magnet Windinga'arranged so ber of impulses transmitted whereby an initial digital setting of the contacts will be ladvanced a number of digits in accordance with the number ofimpulses transmitted,k

4, An order of an electricalaccumulator comprising a plurality of electromagnets each having a pair Vof windings, a plurality of pairs: of contacts' adjustable under control of said windings to open or closed position, certain of which pairs of contacts are'adjusted upon energization of one wind-` ing, othersl upon energization of one or more windings and others upon the joint; energization of vmore than one winding, energization of any one of a pair of windings causing the contactsv of the other of the windings to become adjusted,

each of the digits being represented by'a different relative adjustment of said pluralityy of pairs of contacts, circuit connections between the pairs of contacts and the magnet windings, arranged so that for eachdigitrepresenting adjustment of the pairs of contacts different circuit paths y are established through the contacts to the wind ings to effect a change in the adjustment of the contacts to represent the next higher digit, impulse emitting means for transmitting a plurality oi successive impulses through the contacts and windings whereby each digit'will `be represented in f turn, means for selectively controllingthe number of impulses transmitted whereby an initial digital setting of the contacts will be advancedr afnumber of digits in accordance with the number of impulses transmitted.

5. The invention set forth in claim 2 in which a set of ten result indicating contacts are provided, one for each digitin a decimal notation, each contact having an indicating and a nonindicating position, connections between said contacts and said armatures so arranged that certain contacts are adjusted to indicating position by a single armature and others by the joint action of more than one armature, concurrently with the adjustment of the first named plurality of pairs of contacts whereby the result indicating contacts will progressively indicate the digit values corresponding to the progressive adjustment of said first named plurality of pairs of contacts.

6. An order of an electrical relay accumulator, comprising four electromagnets each having a pair of windings, a set of twelve pairs of contacts, electrical connections between the contacts and windings, each winding upon energization causing a different relative adjustment of said pairs of contacts, the digits in a decimal notation being each represented by the energization of the four electromagnets in combinations of one or two, impulse emitting means for transmitting a predetermined number of pairs of electrical impulses through said connections and windings, each pair of impulses effecting a combinational energization of the electromagnets representative of the next higher digit whereby the initial digital sety ting will be advanced in accordance with the number of impulses transmitted.

'7. An order of an electrical relay accumulator comprising a plurality of electromagnets on which all digital values are represented electrically by the energization of said magnets in combinations of one or two magnets, a plurality of pairs of contacts operated by said magnets to tal-re a different relative adjustment or each digit representation, circuit connections between the contacts and magnets, means for transmitting impulses through said connections, the adjustment of the contacts serving to direct the impulses to energize the magnet or magnets to represent a higher digit.

8. An accumulating system in which digit values are represented electrically by the energization of relays in combination code comprising of each denominational order, a plurality of relays less in number than the number of digits in a decimal notation, a plurality of contacts, each relay effecting adjustment of a number of said contacts, the adjustment of certain of which is also effected by others of the relays, controlling connections actuated by the relays for adjusting the contacts, circuit connections interconnecting the contacts and relays arranged to control energization of the relays singly or in pairs, to represent the diiferent digits, means for transmitting impulses through said circuit connections to initiate an entry in said relays, said impulses causing erasure of a previous digital setting of the relays and effecting a new setting representing a higher digit.

9. The invention set forth in claim 8 in which record controlled means is provided to cause repeated operation of said impulse transmitting means to send repeated impulses through said circuit connections whereby the relays will be selectively energized through the contacts and. will in turn adjust the contacts to represent the digits in succession.

10. The invention set forth in claim 8 in which there is a pair of carry contacts for each order of the accumulator actuated by said relays when an entry of 9 is represented and means controlled by the transmitting means of each order and said carry contacts for causing the transmitting means of the next higher order to advance the setting thereof one digit.

l1. An accumulating system in which digit values are represented electrically by the energization of relays in combination code comprising for each denominational order, a plurality of relays, a plurality of contacts, each relay effecting adjustment of a number of said contacts, the adjustment of certain of which is also eifected by others of the relays, controlling connections actuated by the relays for adjusting the contacts, circuit connections interconnecting the contacts and relays arranged to control energization of the relays singly or in pairs, to represent the different digits, means for transmitting impulses through said circuit connections to initiate an entry in said relays, said impulses causing erasure of a previous digital setting of the relays and effecting a new setting representing a higher digit.

12. An accumulating system in which digit values are represented electrically by the energization of relays in combination code comprising for each denominational order, a plurality of relays, a plurality of contacts, each relay effecting adjustment of a, number of said contacts, the adjustment of certain of which is also effected by others of the relays, controlling connections actuated by the relays for adjusting the contacts, circuit connections interconnecting the contacts and relays, arranged to control energization of the relays in the digit representing combinations diiferent for each of the digits, an entry impulse transmitting means for transmitting a succession of impulses concurrently through said circuit connections in each order, impulses in an order causing erasure of the relay setting and energization of the relays in accordance with the next higher digit, a tens carry impulse trans.- mitting means, and means rendered effective when the relay setting of an order passes from 9 to 0 for rendering the tens carry impulse transmitting means effective to transmit impulses through the circuit connections of the next order prior to the next succeeding entry impulse in that order.

WALTER SCHEERER. KURT LOCKLAIR.

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