US2347130A

US2347130A - Inlet system for paper machines

Info

Publication number: US2347130A
Application number: US376460A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick S Seaborne
Original assignee: Paper Patents Co
Current assignee: Paper Patents Co
Priority date: 1941-01-29
Filing date: 1941-01-29
Publication date: 1944-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 1961-04-18

Description

April 18, 1944.

F. s. sEABoRNl-z INLET SYSTEM FOR PAPER-MACHINE Filed Jan. 29, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 18, 1944- F. s SEABORNE INLET SYSTEM FOR PAPER MACHINE Filed Jan. v29, 1941 Sheets-Sheet 2 .QN .M

April'IlS, 1944. F. s. sl-:ABORNE INLET SYSTEM FOR 4PAPER MACHINE `Filed Jan. 29, 1941 5 ShetS-Shee'b 5 nu f n 0 ,y e U e, n., ,T f ,.m f t M d d v 711 QQ f3 lv J o su N NQ h. mwN/Q ,www

F. S.SEABORNE INLET SYSTEM FOR PAPER MACHINE April 18, 1944.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 29, 1941 April 18, 1944. l F Q SEABRNE- l 2,347,130

INLET SYSTEM FOR PAPERMACHINE Filed Jan. 29, 1941 5 sheets-sheet 5 l Patented Apr. 18, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,347,130 maar sYsrEM Foa PAPER Mscnmcs Frederick S. Seaborne, Harrison, Wis., asslgnor to. Paper Patents Company, Neenah, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application January 29, 1941, serial No. 316,460

2 claims. (c1. 02-44) My invention relates generally to inlet systems for delivering paper stock to the wet ends of Fourdrinier machines, and it has particular relation to closed stock inlet systems of novel con-` struction whereby paper stock may be delivered to Fourdrinier machines in an improved-manner.

In the manufacture of paper, the terms stock, stuf or furnish" are used more or less synonymously to designate the water mixture or suspension, of pulp, sizing agents, and loading agents, which is delivered to the wet ends of the Fourdrinier machines. In the interest of simplicity,

such water mixtures or suspensions will be hereinafter referred to as the stock, although it would be proper to use either of the other two terms.

In paper making, the stock iows out in a wide stream onto the wire of .the Fourdrinier machine where the water part of the stockis drained off while the suspended pulp material of the stock is moving Wire. This continuous web passes through seen that the stock .leaves the discharge side of the inlet pump in a stream of relatively large circular cross section, and is subsequently dis- .charged from the inlet onto the wire in a broad.

thin stream which is substantially as wide as thel wire or breast roll. Thus, on passage through' the stock inlet system, the stock stream changes in shape from a relatively large, circular. cross' sectional shape into a wide and thin cross sectional shape.

Heretofore, this transformation and spread out in stream shape on passage through the inlet system has received little or no specic attention and has not been completely satisfactory. Two of the most objectionable consequences have been that (1) uniform and even agitation of the stock Y sulting in clotting and uneven concentrations of the machine and s progressively dried and tain uniform distribution; the stock should be` delivered to the Fourdrinier machine in a. stream having a uniform velocity at the different parts of the cross section thereof, and in as evenly mixed condition as possible. For, if the parts of the stream have different velocities or the mixture is not uniform as it spouts out onto the wire, the paper forming material will not be distributed evenly and consequently the paper web will be correspondingly non-uniform.

In modern paper mills it is the practice to deliver the stock to the wet end of a Fourdrinier machine through closed stock inletsystems which have replaced the open head-boxes which were used in the older paper mills. These closed stock inlet systems comprise, essentially, a Vstock discharge opening formed over thelbreast roll of the Fourdrinier machine through which the stock spouts out onto the wire, an inlet pump operating to deliver a substantially uniform amount of stock, and a closed conduit system inter-connected between the stock discharge opening and the discharge side of the inlet pump. Such a closed conduit system usually consists of piping connected to the inlet pump, and some form'of wide conduit means interconnected between the piping and the stock discharge opening. The part of the system forming this wide conduit means and the stock discharge opening is usually referred to as the inlet, as distinguished from the entire stock delivery system.

In these closed stock inlet systems, it will be the web formingmaterial, and that (2) the velocity of the stream as it iiowed onto the wire has not been equal in aliparts thereof. That is, some parts of the stream flowed at different velocities than others thereby giving rise to channeling The primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved conduit system interconnecting the inlet pump and stock discharge opening .of a closed stock inlet installation, whereby stock may be delivered lto a paper machine through the discharge opening in a more evenly mixed condition throughout and with the velocity of different parts of this stream being substantially uniform from side to side. In this manner, a much more uniform distribution of the pulp and other solid material of the stock is obtained on the wire with a corresponding increase in uniformity of the paper web or sheet formed.

A further and an important object of my invention is the utilization of the full length of a stock inlet for transforming the stream of stock intoI shape and evenness for discharge onto the wire of a Eourdrinier machine.

A further important object of the invention is to provide an inlet of such design that when the normal operating amount of stock is being supplied therethrough, its velocity of 'flow through the conduit or passageway of the inlet will be at least as great as or exceed the scouring velocity.

The expression scouring velocity is used to desnot settle. out and becomedeposited to a material walls or sides of the inlet conthe provision of a full-sized stock distributing roll with a closed center, whereby the usual stock distributing function is obtained without necessitating an enlargement in the cross sectional area of the thin or narrow fluid passageway through an inlet made according to this invention. y V

According to my invention two features of construction provide for the delivery of paper stock to-a Fourdrinier machine in the improved man- I`ner. First, the uid passageway of an inlet is through the inlet. These -constrictions are preferably Venturi-shaped and are placed sufciently close together to keep the whole volume of the stock alive and working. f

The narrow dimension or thickness of the passageway in an inlet made according to this invention is substantially less than the diameters of distributing rolls ordinarily used for these purposes. If the conventional type of distributing roll were used in such an inlet, a substantial enlargement in the cross sectional area of the narrow stock passageway would be necessitated. Such an enlargement in area would be objectionable for it'would form an area of low stock velocity where objectionable foaming and settling out of the stock would occur. However, by employing my improved form of distributing roll having its center closed oil'. such an enlargement in the uid passageway is eliminated while at the same time they distributing roll functions in the normal manner.

For a more complete understanding of the na. ture and scope of my invention, reference may be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. .l is a partially sectional plan view of an assembled closed stock inlet system, embodying the features of my invention, connected to a Fourdrinier machine;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the inlet system shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary and partially sectional view of the stock supply end of the inlet shown in Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3 showing the construction of the supply end of the inlet:

Fig. 6 is a view taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4 showing the construction of certain adjustable valves connected in the supply piping;

Fig. 7 isa sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 6; f

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional elevational view of a distributing roll forming one embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 9 is a/sectioual view taken on lines-9 of Fig. 8: and

i Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of a l-for delivering paper stock between the screen discharge II and the wet end I0 includes an` inlet pump I2 connected in driven relationship with a pump motor I 3. The inlet pump I2 and motor I3 are mounted as a unit on a block I4 under the floor I6, as shown in Fig. 2. The suction side of the inlet pump I2 is connected by a pipe I6 (Fig. 2) to the outlet opening I1 (Fig. l) of the screen discharge II. 'I'he screen discharge II has an overiiow compartment 20 formed on the left hand side thereof and separated therefrom by a weir 2I. The stock which has overilowed into the compartment 20 drains out to the white water through an outlet opening 22.

The rate of stock supply to the screen discharge II is regulated by means of a controller 23 of the diaphragm type installed in the bottom of the overflow compartment 20. The diaphragm conl troller 23 operates by regulating the depth of the stock in the overflow compartment 20.

I 'I'he inlet pump I2 draws in stock from the screen discharge II through the pipe I6 and discharges it through stock inlet piping 24 connected to the discharge side thereof. A ow regulating valve 25 (Fig. 1) is provided in one section of the piping 24 which serves to regulate and control the supply of stockl owing therethrough.

In order to progressively spread out or divide the stock stream flowing through the relatively large piping 24, a Y fitting 25 is connected at the end thereof, and a pair of elbow fittings 26 connect the two branches of the Y fitting 25' to two piping sections 21 of reduced diameter, as shown. The piping sections 21 in turn `branch out through Y fittings 26 and elbows 23 into smaller diameter piping sections 30. The piping sections 30 ilnally branch out through four Y iittings 3| into eight smaller pipe sections 32 of the piping system. The direction of iluid now through the piping system is indicated by the arrows applied thereto. 4

The stock delivery conduit system is completed by duck bill iittings 33 which interconnect the ends of the eight pipe sections 32 with the stock supply end 34 of a stock inlet, indicated generally at 35.' The stock stream spreads out through the fan shaped passageways of the stock supply end 34 into the narrow passageway 36 of the inlet 35. The stock is nally discharged through the stock discharge opening 31 (Fig. 2) of the inlet 35 'as a broad, thin stream onto the Wet end I0 of the Fourdrinier machine. From Fig. l, it will be seen that the narrow passageway 36 is substantially as wide as the breast roll 40, or the wire 4I of the Fourdrinier machine. A distributing roll 38 of novel construction and forming one part of this invention is disposed crosswise of the uid passageway 36 adjacent the stool-: discharge opening 31, as shown.

Although the distribution of the stock as it leaves the eight pipe sections 32 will be fairly uniform, some slight adjustment may be necessary from time to time. Accordingly, it has been found to be desirable to provide adjusting valves 42 in the pipe sections 32. Referring particularly to Figures 4, 6, and 7 of the drawings, it

modified lip construction forming part of stock 1I will be seen that the valves 42 are provided at the connection of the Y fittings 3| and the pipe sections 32. The valves comprise a pair of rectangular plate members 43 and 44 each having a central opening or aperture corresponding in size to the inside diameter of the pipe sections 32. Slots are provided in the four corners of each of the plates 43 and 44 so as to permit relative sidewise adjustment thereof, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Backing iianges 46 and 41 are drawn up on the back sides of the flanges of the Y fittings 3| and the pipe sections 32 by four bolts passing therethrough as shown in Fig. 6.

end at the back of the section 54 into narrower ends at the front where the section 54 connects with the body 52. Thus, the passageways 64 be- -come gradually narrower as they are out and approach the connection with the back end of the main inlet body 52. The back end of each of the eight passageways 64 is connected to the end of one of the pipe sections 32 of the stock supply piping by a duckbill fitting 33, as shown. Vertical transverse webs 16 and 11 are provided on the'tcp and bottom of each of the fittings 33 so as to give strength and rigidity thereto. The

Suitable packing pieces 5| are inserted between I V the pipe flanges and the plates 43 and 44 to provide a uid tightjoint. Adjustment of the valves 42v is made by loosening the bolts 50 sufficiently so that the plates 43 and 44 may be slipped rela# `tiveto each other. In this manner the orifices in the valves 42 formed by the superimposed central openings in the plates 43 and 44 are increased or decreased in size so as to in turn inr ,crease or reduce the stock flow therethrough.

After the adjustment has been made the bolts 50 are re-tightened.

Referring to Fig. 3 of the drawings for a detailed description of the stock inlet 35, it will I be seen that the inlet may be considered as being made up of three main parts, namely the stock supply end 34, the main body part 52 in which the fluid passageway 36 is formed, and the super-structure indicated generally at 53. The construction of the inet 35 may be conveniently described by considering ach of these main parts or sectionsin detail.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, it Will be seen that the stock supply end 34 of the inlet 35 consists of eight duckbili fittings 33 and a section 54 which forms an extension for each of these duckbill fittings. The section 54 comprises a pair of

angle members

55 and 5,6 which extend across the back end of the body part 52 and are suitably fastened thereto. A bottom plate member 51 rests on the short leg 58 of the angle member 56 and extends across the back of the inlet. The plate 51 is supported by laterally spaced cross members 60. A member 6| is con- -nected to back ends of the cross members 60 and flanges 18 on -the wide front ends of each of the fittings 33 are drawn up to the members 6| and 14 on the back of the supply end section 54 by a set of backing flanges 80;

It will be seen that the fluid passageways of the stock supply end 34 gradually change from circular sections to point A (Fig. 3) where the ttings 33 are connected with the piping 32, intO the passageways 64 communicate with the passageway 36 formed in the main inlet body 52. Preferably, the cross sectional area of each of the passageways vat the point A is substantially greater than the cross sectional area ai; B. This reduction in cross sectional area serves to promote or establish uniformity of flow of the stock into the passageway 36.

The main body portion 52 comprises a base -8| with two parallel upright side castings 82 upstanding therefrom. The interior of the section 52 is formed of a welded frame structure. The stock inlet passageway 36 is formed by spaced apart members 83 and 84 extending crosswise of the section 52 between the sides 82, and raised' at an angle of about 35 with the horizontal. It will be seen that the cross sectional shape of the passageway 36 is that of an elongated slot. The bottom passageway member 83 is fastened at its -back or right hand end` to a plate 85 and is curved at its front end or top end into a section 86 which rests on a horizontal cross plate 81.

extends at right angles to the back end of the plate 51.

Eight trapezoidal, slot-shaped passageways 64 are formed in the section 54. The bottom of each of these passageways 64 is formed of a lining plate 65 secured by countersunk screws (not shown) on the top ofthe bottom plate 51. '-I'he sides of each of the passageways 64 are formed by eight pairs of side members 66. And, the tops of the. passageways 64 are formed of transparent, Lucite trapezoidal shaped plates 61. The different parts forming the passageways 64 are held in assembled relation by cross members 10. The cross members 10 extend over the Lucite plates 61, as shown, and a number of bolts 1| (Fig. 5) extend through the members 10 and bottom plate 51 along the outside of the passageways 64. The bolts 1| and cross members 10 hold the Lucite plates 61 and side members 66 together. The front and back of the tops of the passageways 64 are completed by the inserts 12 and 13 (Fig. 3) along the front and back edges of each of the Lucite plates 61. An angle member 14 extends across the back of the section 54 opposite the lower member 6I and is supported by a number of spaced apart vertical cross members 15 on the top of the section 54.

The side members 66 taper from their thick The under part of the section 52 is formed of frame mem-bers 89, 90, 9|, 92 and 83 welded t0- gether as shown.

The upper part of the body 52 includes a horizontal top member 94 supported by frame memhers 95, 96 and 91 interwelded, as shown. The vertical support member 91 is welded at its lower end to a member |00. The members and |00 form the back part of the section 52 to which the stock supply end 34 is connected.

For the greater part of passageway 36, the lower and upper passageway members 83 and 84 are parallel to each other. The upperl plate 84 however, is bent down at its lower or right hand end so that the passageway 36 at the part 36a tapers down to the same width at rB as the width of the openings 64 in the section 54 of the supply end 34. Smooth surfaced lining sections |0I and |02 are fastened by countensunk screws (not shown) onto the floor plate 83 of the passageway 36. Likewise, smooth surfaced lining sections |03 and |04 are similarly fastened to the roof plate 84 of the passageway 36. l

It has been found that by providing crosswise constrictions in the path of flo.;7 of the stock through the inlet 35, an increased distribution and 4 l s,s47,1so

'con'stricted sections in the fluid ilow passageway of a stock inlet for a Fourdrinier machine which serve to give increased uniformity of flow distribution and effect a controlled turbulence of the stock, forms an important feature of my invention.

Referring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the tapering passageways 64 communicating with the tapering section 36a of the passageway 36 form one set lof Venturi-shaped constrictions in the fluid flow passageway of the inlet 35, with the throat thereof being at the point B. It has been found desirable to provide at least one more Venturi constriction further along in the inlet 06. Accordingly,a pair of Venturi-shaped plates |05 and |06 are fastened crosswise of the passageway 36, in opposing relationship, as shown. The plates |05 and |06 are so shaped asV to provide a true Venturi passageway. That is, the total inlet angle E is about 25 while the total outlet angle F is about 7. This particular design serves to form the most efiicient type of constriction in respect to the minimum loss in static ressure.

A blade |01 (Fig. 3) for cleaning and wiping the Fourdrinier wire 4|, is supported by a holder |00 resting in a bracket |09 secured to the frontl of the frame member 9 I.

The superstructure 53 serves to complete the mouth of the narrow uid passageway 06. The

back part of the superstructure 53 comprises a pair of upright sides I upstanding on the opposite sides of the top of the inlet body part 52, and a deck or floor member A machined bearing plate |I2 is fitted beneath the underside of the member |I| and is adapted to slide on the top member 94 of the body part 52.

The entire superstructure assembly 50 may be shifted forwards and backwards, as indicated by the arrow ||3, by means of a reversible motor I4 connected with aworm drive mechanism ||5. The motor I I4 and worm drive I|5 are centrally mounted as a unit on the back of the inlet 35.

through a pair of shafts ||6 extending from opposite sides thereof, to a pair of worm gears ||1, The shafts II6 are connected with the gears I|1 through a pair of worms |I0 provided on the outer ends thereof. Each of the two gears ||1 is keyedL to' a shaft, ||9 having a screw |20 formed on the end thereof.` The screws |20 turn in the threaded collars or eyes I2| fastened on the upright sides I0. As the shafts ||9 with the screws |20 on the ends thereof turn, the collars or eyes |2| are worked backwards or forwards depending upon the direction of rotation, thereby shifting the superstructure 50.

After the superstructure 50 has been shifted to the desired position, it may be secured in place by tightening a number of bolts |22 which screw vthrough the plate 94 into collars |20 integrally formed on the underside thereof. The shanks of the vbolts |22 pass through slots |24 in the members |l.| and |I2 as shown and the heads of tlie bolts |22 draw down on. the top of the plate III.

v In order .to provide an enlargementin the mouth'of the passageway 06 to house the dis- 50 |50. Power is conveyed from the'worm drive |I5 tributing roll 00 a member |25 is welded at its lower edge to the end of the deckvmember I II and at its upper edge to a horizontal member |20. The frame structure of which the plate |20 s is a' part consists of frame members |21, |20,

|20, |00, |3I, |02 and |03 welded together, as shown. 'I'his frame structure is fastened at its back to the vertical legs of angle members |04 and |05 extending crosswise between the sides. in ||0.

Vertical adjustment of the bracket |4| is effected by turning the vertical shafts |42.

The distributing roll 38 is journaled at its opposite ends in suitable water-sealed bearings (not shown) which are carried in opposite sides of the superstructure 53. 'I'he distributing roll 00 serves to give a smooth distribution of the stock as it spouts out the stock discharge opening 01. Asfstated. it is important that the incorporation of the distributing roll 00 does require an enlargement inthe cross sectional area of the stock stream flowing through the inlet 35. It has been found that by closing oil. the center or inside of the distributing roll 00, such an enlargement in cross sectional area of the stock stream is not required and that the distributing function of the roll is not impaired.

Referring particularly to Figs. 8 and 9, it will be seen that the distributing roll 30 comprises an outerV cylinder |55 perforated with large holes The center or inside of the solid wall cylinder'I55 ls closed on by a cylinder |51 coaxially mounted thereon. A pair of annular discs 50 at opposite ends of the roll 30 serve to support the outer perforated cylinder |55 in co-axial rela- 51| tionship with the inner cylinder |51. The ends of the outer cylinder |55 are undercut to receive the peripheries of the discs which are held by'screws |50 to the ends |6| of the inner cylin- 4der |51. A pair of stub shafts |62 are provided M in opposite ends oi' the roll 00 and serve as journais for the rotatable support of the roll 30. The

)shafts |52 are welded in the opposite ends |6| of the inner cylinder |51, as shown.

In order that there be no substantial increase 05 in the cross sectional area of the passageway 00,

the inside cylinder |51 of the distributing roll 00 should have such a diameter that the sum of the dimensions L and M in Fig. 3 is about equal to the narrow dimension D of the passage- 10 way 06. It will be understood that this relationship is not limited to being exact but that it may vary between limits which give the desired results. The shape and design of the inlet passageway 05 constitutes an important feature of the inven- 10 tion. Crosswise, from one side of the inlet 05 to the other, the passageway has about the same width as the Fourdrinier wire 4| or the breast roll 4|). Since the width of the passageway 36 is thus more o'r less fixed, the thickness or narrow `dimension D is variable to give the proper cross v sectional area. This cross sectional area should be such that when the normal operating amount A of stock is being supplied to the Fourdrinier mascouring velocity is about 11/2' per second. As stated, by having the velocity of stock flow through the inlet 35 at least as great as the minimum scouring velocity, the solid matter of the stock will not settle out and the sides of the passageway 36 will be maintained in a clean condition. This increase in velocity of ow of the stock as it passes through the inlet 35 serves to reduce the time available for clotting of the pulp, and the internal turbulence of the high velocity stream acts to tear apart previously formed clots and to maintain an ideal dispersion. The overall narrow passageway 36, in combination with the Venturi constrictions therein together serve as mixing means for the stock as it iiows through the inlet 35. It willbe seen that the transformation of the stock into form for discharge through the opening 31 starts in the duckbill fitting 33 and is carried out through the supply end passageways 64 and the inlet passageway 36 in a streamlined manner. Thus, substantially the full length of the inlet 35 is utilized in transforming the stock stream into proper form and evenly mixed condition for discharge onto the wire 4| of the Fourdrinier machine.

Some ofthe more important dimensions of one successfully operated, working embodiment of the inlet 35 are as follows:

The internal diameter of the pipe sections 32 at A (Figs. 3 and 4) where they are connected with the stock supply end 34 is 4", and hence the cross-sectional area of each of the pipe sections 32 at A is 12.6 sq. in. Since there are eight pipe sections 32, the total cross sectional area of the conduit system at A is about 100.8 sq. in. The narrow dimension of the passageway 36 at B (Figs.

tributing roll 38 has a diameter of 8" while the inner cylinder |51 has a diameter of 6". The dimensions L and M (Fig. 3) between the outside of the inner'cylinder |51 and the walls of the distributing roll enlargement are equal and each has avalue of about 11A".

The breast roll 40 and wire 4| of the Fourdrinier machine both have a length of about fifteen feet,

It is not essential in all cases that stock inlets made according to my invention be provided with distributing rolls, since the narrow stock passageways and constrictions therein often give suicient distribution and mixing o1. the stock. In Fig. of the drawings, a lportion of a modied form inlet |63 is shown which does not have a distributing roll incorporated in the mouth of its stock passageway 36'. As there shown, the

' narrow passageway 36' of this modified form of supplied. It has been found that the minimum 3'and 4) is 1%", while the breadth of the passageway 36 was about 15 feet. Therefore the cross vsectional area of 4the conduit system at B is about 56.25 sq. in. Accordingly, it will'be seen that the cross sectional area at A is'substantially greater than the cross sectional area at B, as previously stated.

The passageway 36 has a substantially uniform breadth, from side to side, of 15` feet, and a width (dimension D, Fig. 3) of 1%".

The throat of the Venturi constriction formed by the Venturi plates |05 and |06 has a dimension T (Fig. 3) of H", and each of the plates |65 and |06 has a width W (Fig. 3) of one foot.

The outer perforated cylinder of the disinlet |63 narrows gradually into a discharge opening 31' formed by a lower lip |64 and a vertical upper lip assembly formed by the elements |65 and |66. The position of the upper lip is adjustable forwards and backwards as indicated by the broken line outline thereof.

Since certain changes may be made in the foregoing constructions, and different embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter shown in the accompanying drawings or described hereinbefore be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In paper making apparatus, a forming wire, and inlet means for delivering a uniform, evenly mixed stream of liquid stock to and across the breadth of said wire, said inlet means comprising stock supply means, a nozzle for discharging stock on said wire, an elongated closed conduit having a passageway of slot-shaped cross-section connecting said stock supply means and said nozzle,` the major dimension of said slot approximating the width of the stock stream discharged through said nozzle, the minor dimension of said slot in a zone spaced from said discharge means, being constricted in a manner to provide the passageway with a Venturi-shaped portion.

2. In paper making apparatus, a forming wire, a closed inlet'for delivering liquid stock to said wire, said inlet comprisingan elongated slotshaped passageway of a breadth approximating the breadth of the stream of stock tobe delivered to said wire, said passageway having the depth of a portion thereof adjacent its delivery end increased across its entire breadth to form a chamber, and a distributor roll rotatably mounted in said chamber and extending across substantially the entire breadth thereof, said distributor roll comprising an'outer perforated cylinder, and an inner imperforate cylinder coaxial with said outer cylinder, the outside diameter of said inner cylinder being less than the inside diameter of said outer cylinder so as to permit stock to pass through the latter, said outside diameter of said inner cylinder being so related to the depth of said chamber that the combined cross-sectional areas of the passageway portions on opposite sides of said inner roll, approximate the cross-sectional area of the passageway portion leading intosaid chamber.

FREDERICK S. SEABORNE.